The Italian empire in 1941

The Italian Empire (Italian: Impero Italiano) was a 19th and 20th century colonial empire, which lasted from 1889 to 1943. It was composed of three different entities - the Kingdom of Italy, the Kingdom of Albania, and the Ethiopian Empire - united by the leadership of Italian King Victor Emmanuel III. Some nationalist and especially fascist supporters of an Italian Empire believed that such would effectively constitute a "New Roman Empire" (Italian: Nuovo Impero Romano, Latin: Novum Imperium Romanum) The Italian Empire was declared an official entity in 1939. Image File history File links Italian_empire_1940. ... Image File history File links Italian_empire_1940. ... (Redirected from 19th) 19 (nineteen) is the natural number following 18 and preceding 20. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Colony. ... Year 1889 (MDCCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Year 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1943 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Anthem Marcia Reale dOrdinanza (Royal March of Ordinance)¹ The Kingdom of Italy at the height of its power in 1940. ... The Kingdom of Albania was established by Charles of Anjou in the territory he conquered from the Despotate of Epirus in 1271. ... Flag Capital Addis Ababa Government Monarchy Emperor  - 1270-1285 Yekuno Amlak  - 1930-1974 Haile Selassie I History  - Overthrow of Zagwe kings 1270  - Italian occupation 1936  - Liberation 1941  - Coup detat 1974  - Monarchy abolished March 12, 1975 The Ethiopian Empire, also known as Abyssinia, existed from approximately 1270 AD (beginning of... Victor Emmanuel III Victor Emmanuel III (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele III) (November 11, 1869 - December 28, 1947), nicknamed The Soldier, was the King of Italy (July 29, 1900 - May 9, 1946), and claimed the titles Emperor of Ethiopia (1936 - 1943) and King of Albania (1939 - 1943). ... For other uses, see Latins and Latin (disambiguation). ...

The Project for an enlarged Italian Empire, in case the Axis had won WWII, included Egypt, Sudan, Gibuti, British Somaliland and sections of eastern Kenya. In 1941/1942 Mussolini hoped to create an Italian Empire from Libya to eastern Kenya (green color), that was going to be the south-eastern continuation of his Greater Italia (in orange)

Early colonial empire

From 1889 to 1912, Italy proceeded on a course of colonialism in the remaining uncolonized portions of Africa which led it to taking Eritrea, creating the colony of Italian Somalia in the early years of its colonization of Africa. Italy failed in the First Italo-Abyssinian War in the 1880s in which it attempted to take Abyssinia (present day Ethiopia) as a colony. Italy was too late by the late 19th century and early 20th century to be able to compete with the major European powers in establishing significant colonies in Asia, but did manage to get a very small concession in the Chinese city of Tianjin in 1902. Year 1889 (MDCCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ... The First Italian-Abyssinian War was one of the very few instances of successful armed African resistance to European colonialism in the 19th century. ... For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ...   (Chinese: ; Pinyin: ; Postal map spelling: Tientsin) is one of the four municipalities of China. ... Year 1902 (MCMII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday [1] of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ...

In the Italo-Turkish War of 1911 to 1912, Italy gained the former Ottoman African territories of Cyrenaica and Tripolitania (these territories would later merge into the Italian colony of Libya). Italian claims to Cyrenaica and Tripolitania were based on the Roman Empire's holding of the two regions centuries earlier, and a supposed cultural presence in those territories with a number of Roman landmarks still remaining. Combatants Italy Ottoman Empire Commanders Luigi Caneva Ismail Enver Mustafa Kemal Ataturk Strength 100,000 28,000 Casualties 3,380 dead 4,220 wounded 14,000 dead 5,370 wounded The Italo-Turkish or Turco-Italian War (also known in Italy as guerra di Libia, the Libyan war, and in... Year 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... The Roman Empire ca. ... Tripolitania is a historic region of western Libya, centered around the coastal city of Tripoli. ... For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ...

For years the region of Fezzan was in dispute between Italy and the United Kingdom, which would be settled years later. Fezzan is a desert region in south-western Libya. ...

Late colonial empire

From the end of World War I through the era of Italian Fascism, Italy quickly expanded its colonial holdings. Italy had gained a minuscule portion of Dalmatia from the former Austria-Hungary as well as a number of Adriatic islands along the coast of present-day Croatia. In 1923, Italian forces invaded and occupied the Greek island of Corfu and in 1934, Italian North Africa was simplified by merging Tripolitania, Cyrenaica, and Fezzan into Italian Libya (Libia Italiana). Italian fascism (in Italian, fascismo) was the authoritarian political movement which ruled Italy from 1922 to 1943 under the leadership of Benito Mussolini. ... Dalmatia, highlighted, on a map of Croatia. ... Austria-Hungary, also known as the Dual monarchy (or: the k. ... Year 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the Greek island Kerkyra known in English as Corfu or Corcyra. ... Year 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Fascism and the Italian Empire

After 1929, imperial expansion became a favourite theme of Mussolini's speeches. He argued that colonial settlements were a demographic and economic necessity for a country like Italy and promised that he would make Italy become a true empire, equivalent in power to that of the Roman Empire. Benito Mussolini created a fascist state through the use of propaganda, total control of the media and disassembly of the working democratic government. ... For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ...

In 1935, the Second Italo-Abyssinian War occurred in which Italy captured Ethiopia in 1936, and merged Italian Eritrea, Italian Somalia and newly captured Ethiopia into Italian East Africa (Africa Orientale Italiana, A.O.I.). 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar). ... Combatants Kingdom of Italy Ethiopian Empire Commanders Benito Mussolini Emilio De Bono Pietro Badoglio Rodolfo Graziani Haile Selassie Ras Imru Strength 800,000 combatants (only ~330,000 mobilized) ~250,000 combatants Casualties 10,000 killed1 (est. ... Year 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Map of Italian East Africa Italian East Africa or Empire of Italian East Africa (Italian: Africa Orientale Italiana, AOI) was a short-lived (1936-1941) Italian colony in Africa consisting of Ethiopia (recently occupied after the Second Italo-Abyssinian War) and the colonies of Italian Somaliland and Eritrea. ...

In 1939, Italy invaded and captured Albania and made it protectorate, the region of modern-day Albania had been an early part of the Roman Empire, which had actually been held before northern parts of Italy had been taken by the Romans, but had long since been populated by Albanians, even though Italy had retained strong links with the Albanian leadership. Year 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about states protected and/or dominated by a foreign power. ... For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ...

With the capture of Albania in 1939, Mussolini declared the official creation of the Italian Empire as a political entity which was led by King Victor Emmanuel III of the Kingdom of Italy and ruler of the various Italian dependent territories (Emmanuel III was never officially proclaimed emperor of Italy).

Modern Italy, by the time of World War II, possessed various overseas territories in the Mediterranean and East Africa, reaching its greatest extent in 1940-1942. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... The Mediterranean Sea is an intercontinental sea positioned between Europe to the north, Africa to the south and Asia to the east, covering an approximate area of 2. ...  Eastern Africa (UN subregion)  East African Community  Central African Federation (defunct)  Geographic East Africa, including the UN subregion and East African Community East Africa or Eastern Africa is the easternmost region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics. ...

Greatest extent of Italian control of Mediterranean areas (within green line & dots) in summer/autumn 1942. In red the British areas.

Imperial expansion was also a key component of Mussolini's attempts to replace the United Kingdom and France as the dominant powers in the Mediterranean. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 402 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,254 × 630 pixels, file size: 319 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 402 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,254 × 630 pixels, file size: 319 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ...

During WWII nearly 2/3 of the Mediterranean shores were controlled or occupied by Italy. In the autumn of 1942 Mussolini controlled the European Mediterranean sea from France to Greece and the African Mediterranean sea from Tunisia to Egypt. Benito Mussolini created a fascist state through the use of propaganda, total control of the media and disassembly of the working democratic government. ...

Italian colonial possessions

Italian East Africa

In 1939 three colonies made up the territory known as Italian East Africa: Eritrea, Ethiopia and Italian Somalia. Map of Italian East Africa Italian East Africa or Empire of Italian East Africa (Italian: Africa Orientale Italiana, AOI) was a short-lived (1936-1941) Italian colony in Africa consisting of Ethiopia (recently occupied after the Second Italo-Abyssinian War) and the colonies of Italian Somaliland and Eritrea. ...

Ethiopia

Italy was defeated in its first attempt to conquer Ethiopia (called Abyssinia by Europeans at that time) in the First Italo–Ethiopian War in 1895-96, but the Italians were able to occupy Ethiopia in the war of 1935-1936 after seven months of fighting. The invasion had the tacit approval of France and Great Britain, who did not wish to alienate Italy as a potential ally against Nazi Germany. Victory was announced on 9 May 1936, and the Italian King Victor Emanuel III proclaimed himself Emperor of Ethiopia. Combatants Kingdom of Italy Ethiopian Empire Commanders Oreste Baratieri Menelik II Strength 17,000 80,000-150,000 (estimated) Casualties 18,133 11,000 The First Italo–Ethiopian War was fought between Italy and Ethiopia in 1895-1896. ... Italian troops fortify a position in Abyssinia Lasting seven months from 1935-1936, the Second Italo-Abyssinian War is often seen as a precursor to World War II and a demonstration of the inefficiency of the League of Nations. ... Victor Emmanuel III Victor Emmanuel III (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele III) (November 11, 1869 - December 28, 1947), nicknamed The Soldier, was the King of Italy (July 29, 1900 - May 9, 1946), and claimed the titles Emperor of Ethiopia (1936 - 1943) and King of Albania (1939 - 1943). ... The Emperor (Geez ንጉሠ ነገሥት, , King of Kings) of Ethiopia was the hereditary ruler of Ethiopia until the abolition of the monarchy in 1975. ...

Italian troops fortify a position in Abyssinia
(1935)

Benito Mussolini dreamed of sending millions of Italian settlers to Italian East Africa, and Italians had high hopes of turning the area into an economic asset. However, by overrunning Ethiopia, a member of the League of Nations, Italy attracted widespread international hostility. Italy lost its new colony to an invasion of British Commonwealth forces and Ethiopians almost exactly five years later, during World War II. Italian troops fortify a position in Abyssinia, 1935. ... Italian troops fortify a position in Abyssinia, 1935. ... Mussolini redirects here. ... 1939–1941 semi-official emblem Anachronous world map in 1920–1945, showing the League of Nations and the world Capital Not applicable¹ Language(s) English, French and Spanish Political structure International organization Secretary-general  - 1920–1933 Sir James Eric Drummond  - 1933–1940 Joseph Avenol  - 1940–1946 Seán Lester Historical... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...

Eritrea

Italian Somalia

Viceroyalty

Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Somaliland were also known, together, as Italian East Africa. Map of Italian East Africa Italian East Africa or Empire of Italian East Africa (Italian: Africa Orientale Italiana, AOI) was a short-lived (1936-1941) Italian colony in Africa consisting of Ethiopia (recently occupied after the Second Italo-Abyssinian War) and the colonies of Italian Somaliland and Eritrea. ...

Libya

Main articles: History of Libya as Italian Colony and Italian North Africa

Italy acquired the North African territories of Tripolitania and Cyrenaica under the terms of the Treaty of Lausanne in 1912 following a short war with Turkey. Italy's claim to the area was based partly on proximity and helped by an unofficial agreement with France to divide the North African coast between them. Those Italians who indulged in imperial rhetoric referred to North Africa as Italy's Fourth Shore. In reality Italy spent a large part of the 1920s attempting to 'pacify' her latest colony, but in 1931 general Rodolfo Graziani obtained the full pacification of Libya. For a full treatment of the Italian invasion of 1911, see Italian invasion of Libya. ... Italian North Africa was the aggregate of territories and colonies controlled by Italy in North Africa from 1911 until World War II, which later became independent as Libya. ... Tripolitania is a historic region of western Libya, centered around the coastal city of Tripoli. ... The Roman Empire ca. ... Combatants Italy Ottoman Empire Commanders Luigi Caneva Ismail Enver Mustafa Kemal Ataturk Strength 100,000 28,000 Casualties 3,380 dead 4,220 wounded 14,000 dead 5,370 wounded The Italo-Turkish or Turco-Italian War (also known in Italy as guerra di Libia, the Libyan war, and in... Combatants Italy Ottoman Empire Commanders Luigi Caneva Ismail Enver Mustafa Kemal Ataturk Strength 100,000 28,000 Casualties 3,380 dead 4,220 wounded 14,000 dead 5,370 wounded The Italo-Turkish or Turco-Italian War (also known in Italy as guerra di Libia, the Libyan war, and in... The Fourth Shore or Italys Fourth Shore (in Italian quarta sponda) was the name created by Mussolini to refer to Libya while it was an Italian colony. ... Rodolfo Graziani, Marchese di Neghelli (August 11, 1882—January 11, 1955), was an Italian military officer who led expeditions in Africa before and during World War II and a war criminal responsible for thousands of Libyan and Ethiopian civilian deaths. ...

In 1934 Tripolitania and Cyrenaica were united to form the colony of Libya, a name previously used 1500 years earlier by Diocletian to refer to the area. Many Italians were sent to colonize Libya between 1934 and 1939: the Italians in Libya were 108.419 (12,37% of the total population) when was done the 1939 census. They were concentrated in the coast around the city of Tripoli (they were 37% of the city's population) and Bengasi (31%). The coastal areas of Libya were called Fourth Shore (in Italian: "Quarta Sponda") and were projected to be included in Mussolini's Greater Italia. Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus (c. ... The Fourth Shore or Italys Fourth Shore (in Italian quarta sponda) was the name created by Mussolini to refer to Libya while it was an Italian colony. ...

Italy lost control of Libya when German and Italian forces withdrew into Tunisia in 1943. Combatants United Kingdom United States France Germany Italy Commanders Dwight D. Eisenhower Harold Alexander Keneth Anderson Bernard Montgomery Albert Kesselring Erwin Rommel Hans-Jürgen von Arnim Giovanni Messe The Tunisia Campaign (also known as the Battle of Tunisia), was a series of World War II battles that took place...

Italian Tunisia

In 1940 Mussolini requested Tunisia (with Djibouti, Corsica and Nizza) to France, when WWII was just beginning [1]. But only in november 1942 Italian troops occupied (with Rommel's help) Tunisia from the Vichy regime. Tunisia administratively was added to Italy's Fourth Shore (in Italian Quarta Sponda) with Libya, in the last tentative to create the fascist project of Mussolini called Greater Italia. For other uses, see Corsica (disambiguation). ... Night view along the Promenade des Anglais This article is about the city. ... German soldiers at the Battle of Stalingrad World War II was the most extensive and costly armed conflict in the history of the world, involving the great majority of the worlds nations, being fought simultaneously in several major theatres, and costing tens of millions of lives. ... Rommel is the family name of Eddie Rommel baseball pitcher; Erwin Rommel (German Field Marshal), and his son Manfred Rommel (former Mayor of Stuttgart). ... Vichy (Occitan: Vichèi) is a French commune, situated in the département of Allier and the région of Auvergne. ...

Some Tunisian Italians participated in the Italian Army, but in may 1943 the Allies conquered all Tunisia. Look up ally in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Tientsin, China

In 1901 Italy, along with several other European countries, was granted a concession in the trading city of Tientsin (now Tianjin) in China following the Boxer Rebellion. The Italian concession, at 46 hectares, was one of the smallest of the European concessions in that city. The concession arrangement ended by agreement between Mussolini's Italian Social Republic and Japan's puppet government in China in 1943. Year 1901 (MCMI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday [1] of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Concessions in China were a group of concession territories within China that were governed and occupied by foreign powers. ... Tianjin (Chinese: 天津; pinyin: tiān jīn; Postal System Pinyin: Tientsin) is a harbour municipality in China on the Hai He River (from Beijing) and Bohai Gulf of the Yellow Sea (Pacific Ocean). ... Combatants Eight-Nation Alliance (ordered by contribution): Empire of Japan Russian Empire British Empire French Third Republic United States German Empire Kingdom of Italy Austro-Hungarian Empire Righteous Harmony Society Qing Dynasty (China) Commanders Edward Seymour Alfred Graf von Waldersee Ci Xi Strength 20,000 initially 49,000 total 50... A hectare (symbol ha) is a metric unit of surface area, equal to 100 ares (the name is a contraction of the SI prefix hecto + are). ... Anthem Giovinezza (The Youth)¹ Capital Salò Language(s) Italian Religion Roman Catholicism Government Republic Head of State Benito Mussolini Historical era World War II  - Established September 23, 1943  - Disestablished April 25, 1945 ¹ External link The Italian Social Republic (Repubblica Sociale Italiana or RSI) was a Nazi puppet state led by... The Wang Jingwei was a government under the leadership of Wang Jingwei in the Republic of China, set up by the Empire of Japan in March 1940. ...

Italian possessions in Europe

Albania

Main article: Albania under Italy

Italy occupied Albania as an aftermath of World War I. As Italian troops evacuated the country, according to provisions of the protocol signed on 2th September 1920, Saseno Island was ceded to Italy. Flag Anthem Himni i Flamurit Capital Tirana Language(s) Albanian Religion none Government Constitutional monarchy King  - 1939-1943 Victor Emmanuel III Lieutenant-general  - 1939-1943 Francesco Jacomoni di San Savino  - 1943 Alberto Pariani Historical era World War II  - Italian Invasion April 7, 1939  - Disestablished July 25, 1943 Currency frang ar... “The Great War ” redirects here. ... Sazan or Sazanit (in Italian Saseno) is a small island, strategically located at the entrance to Bay of Vlora in Albania. ...

Albania was already firmly within Italy's sphere of influence for twenty years when, in 1939, Mussolini decided it should formally be brought under Italian control. It is possible the Italian dictator simply wanted a spectacular success over a smaller neighbour to match Germany's absorption of Austria and Czechoslovakia. The Italian invasion of Albania began on 7th April 1939, and resistance ended five days later. Albania's King Zog fled to London. For the astrodynamics term, see sphere of influence (astrodynamics). ... German troops march into Austria on 12 March 1938. ... Combatants Italy Albania Commanders Alfredo Guzzoni Zog I The Italian invasion of Albania (April 7 – April 12, 1939) was a military campaign by Fascist Italy against the Albanian Kingdom. ... April 7 is the 97th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (98th in leap years). ... Year 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... King Zog of Albania King Zog (October 8, 1895–April 9, 1961) was an Albanian politician and the first king of Albania from 1928 to 1939. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ...

Italian King Victor Emmanuel III took the Albanian crown, and a fascist government under Shefqet Verlaci was established. The Albanian armed forces were subsumed into Italian units. Victor Emmanuel III Victor Emmanuel III (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele III) (November 11, 1869 - December 28, 1947), nicknamed The Soldier, was the King of Italy (July 29, 1900 - May 9, 1946), and claimed the titles Emperor of Ethiopia (1936 - 1943) and King of Albania (1939 - 1943). ... Shefqet Bej Verlaci (December 15, 1877, Elbasan, Albania – July 21, 1946, Zürich, Switzerland) was Prime Minister of Albania in 1924 and during the Italian occupation from 1939 to 1941. ...

Resistance to the Italian occupation grew rapidly at the end of 1942 and in 1943. By the summer of 1943, most of the mountainous interior was controlled by resistance fighters. The German Army and Albanian collaborators completed the seizure of Albania by the end of September 1943, three weeks after Italy signed an armistice with the Allies.

In Greece

Dodecanese

The islands of the Dodecanese were a territorial gain Italy was able to make at the expense of the enfeebled Ottoman Empire with the Italo-Turkish War of 1911-1912. Control of Rhodes and the surrounding islands was considered an important part of Italy's challenge to British dominance in the Mediterranean. The Dodecanese (Greek Δωδεκάνησα, Dodekánisa, Turkish Onikiada, both meaning twelve islands; Italian Dodecaneso) are a group of 12 larger plus 150 smaller Greek islands in the Aegean Sea, off the southwest coast of Turkey. ... Motto دولت ابد مدت Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (The Eternal State) Anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Borders in 1683, see: list of territories Capital Söğüt (1299–1326) Bursa (1326–1365) Edirne (1365–1453) Ä°stanbul (1453–1922) Government Monarchy Sultans  - 1281–1326 (first) Osman I  - 1918–22 (last) Mehmed VI Grand Viziers  - 1320... Combatants Italy Ottoman Empire Commanders Luigi Caneva Ismail Enver Mustafa Kemal Ataturk Strength 100,000 28,000 Casualties 3,380 dead 4,220 wounded 14,000 dead 5,370 wounded The Italo-Turkish or Turco-Italian War (also known in Italy as guerra di Libia, the Libyan war, and in... This article is about the Greek island of Rhodes. ...

With the World War I victory, Italy was able to consolidate her position in the area. While the Treaty of Sèvres in 1919 called for most of the smaller islands to join with Greece, with Rhodes and several other islands remaining Italian, later, in 1923, the Treaty of Lausanne gave international recognition to the continued Italian administration over the whole group. For nearly two years after WWI, Italian troops occupied the southwestern part of Anatolia around Antalya, until Mussolini reached an agreement with the Turk president Kemal Ataturk. The Treaty of Sèvres is a peace treaty that the Allies of World War I and the Ottoman Empire signed on 10 August 1920 after World War I. Representatives from the governments of the parties involved signed the treaty in Sèvres, France. ... Borders as shaped by the treaty The Treaty of Lausanne (July 24, 1923) was a peace treaty signed in Lausanne that settled the Anatolian part of the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire by annulment of the Treaty of Sèvres signed by the Ottoman Empire as the consequences of the... This article is mostly about the Antalya City; for the province, see Antalya Province. ... Benito Mussolini created a fascist state through the use of propaganda, total control of the media and disassembly of the working democratic government. ... Mustafa Kemal Atatürk Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881 – November 10, 1938), Turkish soldier and statesman, was the founder and first President of the Republic of Turkey. ...

Two days after the Italian Government reached an armistice with the Allies on September 8, 1943, German forces attacked the Italians on Rhodes, forcing a surrender the next day. Despite the landing of British troops, the Germans seized Kos on October 4 after a day of fighting, and Leros fell to the Germans on November 16 after five days of fighting. With the loss of Leros, Italian and British forces on the other islands of the Dodecanese escaped. Port and city view of Kos town on the island Kos. ... Leros (Greek: Λέρος; Italian: Lèro) is a Greek island in the Dodecanese, in the southern Aegean Sea. ...

Corfu

In Yugoslavia

Slovenia

When the Italian Army (with Germany's Wermacht) defeated Yugoslavia in April 1941, Slovenia was divided betwen Italy and Germany.

The southern area of Slovenia was subjected to Italian military occupation, but on May 1941 it was formally annexed by the Kingdom of Italy under the name of "Provincia di Lubiana". The province was created as a specific administration unit within Italy, until Sepember 1943 when was occupied by German troops. There have been several entities known as the Kingdom of Italy. ...

Montenegro

In 1941, Montenegro was reestablished as a constitutional monarchy (with a vacant throne, after it was refused by the Titular King of Montenegro and a prince of Romanov dynasty) and declared an Italian protectorate. This article is about the country in Europe. ... Forms of government Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A constitutional monarchy or limited monarchy is a form of government established under a constitutional system which acknowledges an elected or hereditary monarch as head of state, as opposed to an absolute monarchy, where the monarch is not... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The House of Romanov (Рома́нов, pronounced ) was the second and last imperial dynasty of Russia, which ruled the country for five generations from 1613 to 1761. ... This article is about states protected and/or dominated by a foreign power. ...

In September 1943, Germany seized control of Montenegro from the Italians.

Dalmatia

From April 1941 to September 1943 Italy occupied all the Dalmatian coast of Yugoslavia. Most of Dalmatia was annexed to the Kingdom of Italy as the Governatorato di Dalmazia. The western half of the fascist Croatia of Ante Pavelic was under Italian control. There have been several entities known as the Kingdom of Italy. ... The title given to this article lacks diacritics because of certain technical limitations. ...

In France

Main article: Italian-occupied France

Upon Italy entering the war in 1940 with France collapsing from invasion by Germany, the Italian army moved to take back territories lost from Italy to France in the 1850s, specifically, the province of Savoy, the ancestral homeland of the Italian monarchy and a province which had a mixed population of Italians and French. However Italy made little territorial gains but managed to take Grenoble and Nice from France before the remainder of unoccupied France made an armistice with Germany which resulted in the creation of Vichy France. Italy occupied a small section of south-east France during World War Two, during the time of the Vichy Government under German Control. ... Flag of Savoy This article is about the historical region of Savoy. ... Motto Travail, famille, patrie French: Unoccupied zone of Vichy France (until November 1942) Capital Vichy Capital-in-exile Sigmaringen (1944-1945) Language(s) French Religion Roman Catholic Government Dictatorship Chief of state  - 1940 — 1944 Philippe Pétain President of the Council  - 1940 — 1942 Philippe Pétain  - 1942 — 1944 Pierre Laval...

Nice and Corsica

In November 1942 with the internal collapse of Vichy France, Germany invaded the country and the Italian army occupied southern France, from the delta of the Rhone river to Corsica, far beyond the furthest extent of previous Italian control in the province of Savoy of the 1850s. Specifically Nice and Corsica were to be annexed to Italy, but this was not done because of the Italian surrender to the Allies in September 1943. The Rhône River, or the Rhône (French Rhône, Arpitan Rôno, Occitan Ròse, standard German Rhone, Valais German Rotten), is one of the major rivers of Europe, running through Switzerland and France. ... For other uses, see Corsica (disambiguation). ... Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Coordinates Administration Country Region Provence-Alpes-Côte dAzur Department Alpes-Maritimes (06) Intercommunality Community of Agglomeration Nice Côte dAzur Mayor Jacques Peyrat (UMP) (since 1995) Statistics Land area¹ 71. ... For other uses, see Corsica (disambiguation). ... Look up ally in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Idea of a New Roman Empire

The New Roman Empire (Italian: "Nuovo Impero Romano", Latin: "Novum Imperium Romanum") was the new "state" created by Mussolini to describe the Italian colonial empire, especially following Italy's occupation of Ethiopia. Historians like Davide Cologno ([2]) state that it was born during the height of Italian nationalism in the pre-WWII days, and contained references to the Roman period: For other uses, see Latins and Latin (disambiguation). ... Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew from a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula circa the 9th century BC to a massive empire straddling the Mediterranean Sea. ...

• The Adriatic Sea was called "Mare Nostro" (Italian for "Our Sea") after the Italians invaded Albania and thus gained almost complete control over the Adriatic. It is a direct reference to the Roman name for the Mediterranean, which was called "Mare Nostrum" as the Romans had complete control over the sea.
• Mussolini hinted at the creation of an Italian Mare Nostrum during WWII, in reference to the Italian control (directly and indirectly) on most of the Mediterranean shores in 1942.
• The name of the Italian regime's politics — "Fascism", comes from the Italian word Fascio, literally a bundle of reeds around an axe, used by the Romans as a symbol of office and power.^[1]
• The capital of the Italian state was Rome, just as in the early and middle Roman Empire, before power had shifted to Ravenna.
• King Victor Emmanuel III was crowned emperor (albeit of Ethiopia, and he never had the title of "Caesar").

A satellite image of the Adriatic Sea. ... The Mediterranean Sea is an intercontinental sea positioned between Europe to the north, Africa to the south and Asia to the east, covering an approximate area of 2. ... Greatest extent of Italian control of the Mediterranean littoral and seas (within green line & dots) in summer/fall 1942. ... Fascio (plural: fasci) is an Italian language word which was used in the late 19th century to refer to radical political groups of many different (and sometimes opposing) orientations. ... For other uses, see Rome (disambiguation). ... Province of Ravenna Ravenna is a city and comune in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. ... Victor Emmanuel III Victor Emmanuel III (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele III) (November 11, 1869 - December 28, 1947), nicknamed The Soldier, was the King of Italy (July 29, 1900 - May 9, 1946), and claimed the titles Emperor of Ethiopia (1936 - 1943) and King of Albania (1939 - 1943). ...

Imperial ambition

Italian armies were also able to occupy British Somaliland for one year. In 1941, coastal Dalmatia, parts of present-day Slovenia, and the area of Cattaro (Gulf of Kotor) in Montenegro were annexed. Coat of Arms of the Italian Army Dardo IFV on exercise in Capo Teulada Soldiers of the 33rd Field Artillery Regiment Acqui on parade The Italian Army (Esercito Italiano) is the ground defense force of the Italian Republic. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... Flag Capital Aden Religion Islam Political structure Protectorate History  - Established 1884  - Independence June 26, 1960  - Somaliland established 18 May, 1991 Currency British pound British Somaliland was a British protectorate in the north part of the Horn of Africa, and later part of Somalia and presently the unrecognized Republic of Somaliland. ... Dalmatia, highlighted, on a map of Croatia. ... Historic map of the Gulf, 16th century Gulf of Kotor or the Bay of Kotor (Serbian and Croatian: Бока которска Boka kotorska, Italian: ) in western Montenegro is a winding bay on the Adriatic sea. ...

Mussolini dearly wished to extend the Italian empire to include those territories, as well as Malta, Tunisia, French Somaliland and Corsica. Contemplating the fall of France and victory over Britain, Mussolini and foreign minister Ciano in June 1940 discussed seizing Algeria, Egypt and Sudan but these ideas were coolly received by their German counterparts. In november 1942 Italy's control in the Mediterranean area reached the biggest extension when Italian troops occupied Corsica, Nizza and Savoia, while fighting in Egypt the second battle of El Alamein. In those days Mussolini temporarily fulfilled his dream of a Greater Italy, but after summer 1943 all these projects vanished with the italian surrender to the Allies. The Republic of Djibouti (جيبوتي) is a country in eastern Africa, located in the Horn of Africa. ... For other uses, see Corsica (disambiguation). ... In World War II, Battle of France or Case Yellow (Fall Gelb in German) was the German invasion of France and the Low Countries, executed 10 May 1940 which ended the Phony War. ... Gian Galeazzo Ciano, Count of Cortellazzo and Buccari (March 18, 1903 – January 11, 1944), was Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs and Benito Mussolinis son-in-law. ... El Alamein is a town in northern Egypt on the Mediterranean Sea coast. ... Look up ally in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

End of Empire

The Italian Empire effectively came to an end by fall 1943. The surrender of Axis forces in Tunisia on May 7, 1943 led King Victor Emmanuele III to plot the downfall of Mussolini, who was arrested on July 25. The new government began secret negotiations with the Allies, and on the eve of the American landings at Salerno, Italy announced an armistice with the Allies. In Albania and the Dodecanese, Germany's successful attacks on its erstwhile Italian allies ended Italy's rule. This article is about the independent states that comprised the Axis powers. ... Salerno is a town in Campania, south-western Italy, the capital of the province of the same name. ...

Italy formally lost all her overseas possessions as a result of the Treaty of peace with Italy (1947). In November 1949 Italian Somaliland was made a United Nations Trust Territory under Italian administration until July 1, 1960 when it was granted its independence along with British Somaliland to form Somalia. The Treaty of peace with Italy is a treaty signed in Paris on February 10, 1947 between Italy and the victorious powers of the World War II, formally ending the hostilities. ... Italian Somaliland was an Italian colony that lasted, apart from a brief interlude of British rule, from the late 19th century until 1960 in the territory of the modern-day East African nation of Somalia. ... United Nations Trust Territories were the successors of the League of Nations mandates and came into being when the League of Nations ceased to exist in 1946. ... is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Flag Capital Aden Religion Islam Political structure Protectorate History  - Established 1884  - Independence June 26, 1960  - Somaliland established 18 May, 1991 Currency British pound British Somaliland was a British protectorate in the north part of the Horn of Africa, and later part of Somalia and presently the unrecognized Republic of Somaliland. ...

See also

• Italian Tunisian
• Venetian empire
• Genoese empire
• Italian Mare Nostrum
• Italian conquest of British Somaliland
• Italian guerrilla war in Ethiopia
• Italian empire style in Decorative arts
• Cabiria (film considered to glorify Italian Imperialism)
• Greater Italia

Borders of the Republic of Venice in 1796 Capital Venice Language(s) Venetian, Latin, Italian Religion Roman Catholic Government Republic Doge  - 1789–97 Ludovico Manin History  - Established 697  - Treaty of Zara June 27, 1358  - Treaty of Leoben April 17, 1797 * Traditionally, the establishment of the Republic is dated to 697. ... The Republic of Genoa, in full the Most Serene Republic of Genoa (known as the Ligurian Republic from 1798 to 1805) was an independent state in Liguria on the northwestern Italian coast from ca. ... Greatest extent of Italian control of the Mediterranean littoral and seas (within green line & dots) in summer/fall 1942. ... Belligerents United Kingdom British India British Somaliland Northern Rhodesia British East Africa Italy Italian East Africa Commanders Reade Godwin-Austen Arthur Chater Guglielmo Nasi Carlo De Simone Luigi Frusci Strength 4,000 24,000 Casualties and losses 38 killed[1] 71 wounded[1] 49 missing[1] Total:205[2] Destroyed... Italian Propaganda Poster (1942): We will return! (to the italian African colonies) When the italian army surrendered in Gondar in november 1941, many Italians decided to start a guerrilla warfare in the mountains and deserts of Ethiopia, Eritrea and Somalia. ... In the decorative arts, the phrase Italian Empire denotes the international Neoclassicism that was the official taste of the Napoleonic empire, a style that was written about by Mario Praz and which survived longer in 19th-century Italy than in most of Europe. ... Decorative metalwork designed in the Art Deco style by Maurice Ascalon and manufactured by the Pal-Bell Company during the 1940s. ... Gabriele dAnnunzios rôle in the films creation is highlighted in this movie poster. ...

References

• WorldStatesmen (also earlier Italian states)
• The Italian Colonial Empire
• Richard Lamb, War in Italy, 1943-45: A Brutal Story (New York: 1994).

External links

• Speech of the proclamation of the empire, 9 May 1936