 | This article documents a current event.
Information may change rapidly as the event progresses. | | Politics - Politics portal | | Italy |
This article is part of the series:
Politics and government of
Italy Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
To suggest a relevant news story for the Main Page, refer to the criteria then add your suggestion at the candidates page. ...
Politics, sometimes defined as the art and science of government. ...
Image taken from Presidenza della Repubblica, in Italian. ...
Politics of Italy takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the Prime Minister of Italy is the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. ...
| | | | | See also History of Italy | | Flag of the President of the Italian Republic This is the list of Presidents of the Italian Republic with the title Presidente della Repubblica since 1948. ...
Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (born in Livorno, 9 December 1920) was elected as the tenth President of the Italian Republic on May 13, 1999. ...
This is a list of Prime Ministers of Italy. ...
(born 29 September 1936) is an Italian politician, entrepreneur, media proprietor. ...
To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
The Italian Senate (Italian: Senato della Repubblica, Senate of the Republic) is the upper house of the Parliament of Italy. ...
The Italian Chamber of Deputies (Italian: Camera dei Deputati) is the lower house of the Parliament of Italy. ...
Political parties in Italy are organized into two dominant political coalitions. ...
Casa delle Libertà , or House of Freedoms in English, is an Italian right of center party alliance led by national media tycoon Silvio Berlusconi. ...
LUnione (The Union in English) is an Italian left-wing coalition of parties. ...
Elections in Italy gives information on election and election results in Italy. ...
The Italian elections of 1948 were the first democratic elections with universal suffrage ever held in Italy. ...
An early national general election was held in Italy on April 21, 1996 to elect members of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic. ...
A national general election was held in Italy on May 13, 2001 to elect members of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic. ...
The Constitution of Italy provides for legally binding referenda. ...
The Regions of Italy were granted a degree of regional autonomy in the 1948 constitution, which states that the constitutions role is: to recognize, protect and promote local autonomy, to ensure that services at the State level are as decentralized as possible, and to adapt the principles and laws...
The European Union or EU is a supranational and intergovernmental union of 25 European states. ...
Image File history File links European_flag. ...
This article describes the foreign relations of Italy. ...
This is a list of major political scandals in Italy: Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconis many corruption charges Tax evasion bribing members of the judicary immunity legislation Media manipulation fro political propaganda P2 scandal, 1980s Tangentopoli (diffuse corruption cases in national politics), early 1990s Categories: Incomplete lists | Politics of Italy...
A map of the Italian peninsula circa 1494. ...
|
A general election for the renewal of the two Chambers of the Parliament of Italy was held on April 9 and April 10, 2006. In the election, incumbent prime minister Silvio Berlusconi, leader of the center-right House of Freedoms, faced Romano Prodi, leader of the center-left The Union. Initial exit polls suggested a victory for Prodi, but the results narrowed as the count progressed. On April 11, Prodi declared victory, but Berlusconi has yet to concede defeat.[1] To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
April 9 is the 99th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (100th in leap years). ...
April 10 is the 100th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (101st in leap years). ...
2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
// In politics The incumbent, in politics, is the current holder of a political office. ...
This is a list of Prime Ministers of Italy. ...
(born 29 September 1936) is an Italian politician, entrepreneur, media proprietor. ...
Casa delle Libertà , or House of Freedoms in English, is an Italian right of center party alliance led by national media tycoon Silvio Berlusconi. ...
(born 9 August 1939) is an Italian politician. ...
LUnione (The Union in English) is an Italian left-wing coalition of parties. ...
April 11 is the 101st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (102nd in leap years). ...
Preliminary results showed The Union leading the House of Freedoms in the Chamber of Deputies, with 341 seats to 277, thanks to obtaining a majority bonus (actual votes were distributed 49.81% to 49.74%). The House of Freedoms had secured a slight majority of Senate seats elected within Italy (155 seats to 154), but The Union won 4 of the 6 seats allocated to voters outside Italy, giving them control of both chambers. [4] On April 19, Italy's Supreme Court (Corte di Cassazione) ruled that Prodi had indeed won the election, winning control of the Chamber of Deputies by only 24,755 votes out of more than 38 million votes cast, and winning 158 seats in the Senate to 156 for Berlusconi's coalition. Even so, Berlusconi refused to concede defeat, claiming fraud. [5] A general election for the renewal of the two Chambers of the Parliament of Italy was held on April 9 and April 10, 2006. ...
The Italian Chamber of Deputies (Italian: Camera dei Deputati) is the lower house of the Parliament of Italy. ...
April 19 is the 109th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (110th in leap years). ...
The corte di Cassazione (English: Court of cassation) is the supreme court of Italy. ...
The political battle
The House of Freedoms The House of Freedoms, the government coalition currently led by the Prime Minister of Italy Silvio Berlusconi, will be made up mainly by the same parties as in the previous general election. This is the coalition of parties for the election: Portrait of Silvio Berlusconi This work is copyrighted. ...
Portrait of Silvio Berlusconi This work is copyrighted. ...
(born 29 September 1936) is an Italian politician, entrepreneur, media proprietor. ...
Casa delle Libertà , or House of Freedoms in English, is an Italian right of center party alliance led by national media tycoon Silvio Berlusconi. ...
This is a list of Prime Ministers of Italy. ...
(born 29 September 1936) is an Italian politician, entrepreneur, media proprietor. ...
| Logo | Party | Description | 2001[6] | 2004[7] |
 | Forza Italia
Forza Italia | Personality-driven party led by Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi. | 29.4% | 20.1% |
 | National Alliance
Alleanza Nazionale, AN | Conservative party led by Minister for Foreign Affairs and former vice-premier Gianfranco Fini. | 12.0% | 11.5% |
 | UDC
UDC | Moderate Catholic centrist party, officially led by Lorenzo Cesa; however its main member is Pierferdinando Casini, the current Speaker of the Lower House. | 3.2% | 5.9% |
 | Northern League-Movement for Autonomy
Lega Nord-Movimento per l'Autonomia | Joint ticket of Northern League, an autonomous regionalist Northern Italian party, led by former Reform Minister Umberto Bossi, and Movement for Autonomy, a Southern Italy-based, centrist minor party led by Raffaele Lombardo. | 3.9%[8] | 5.0%[9] |
 | New DC-NPSI
Nuova DC-Nuovo PSI | Joint ticket of Christian Democracy for the Autonomies (sometimes New DC), a centrist minor party led by Gianfranco Rotondi, and Socialist Party New PSI, a minor socialist party led by Gianni De Michelis. | 1.0%[10] | 2.0%[11] |
 | Social Alternative
Alternativa Sociale | Confederation of far right and fascist movements, led by Alessandra Mussolini, granddaughter of the former dictator of Italy. | — | 1.2% |
 | Tricolour Flame
Fiamma Tricolore | Small neo-fascist party led by Luca Romagnoli, a MEP elected in 2004 for Social Alternative. | — | — |
 | Liberal Reformers
Riformatori Liberali | Small libertarian movement, born as split of the Italian Radicals and led by Benedetto Della Vedova. It is closely associated to Forza Italia. | — | — |
 | No Euro Movement
No Euro | Negligible eurosceptic movement led by Renzo Rabellino. | — | < 0.1%[12] | | ↑ Result in the Italian general election of 2001
↑ Result in the European election of 2004
↑ Only Northern League; the Movement for Autonomy was not present in these elections.
↑ Only NPSI; the Christian Democracy for the Autonomies was not present in these elections.
↑ Present only in the North-Western costituency, in which it took 0.8% of votes.
A national general election was held in Italy on May 13, 2001 to elect members of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic. ...
Elections to the European Parliament were held in Italy on June 13, 2004. ...
Image File history File links Logo_ForzaItalia_2006. ...
Forza Italia is an Italian political party. ...
(born 29 September 1936) is an Italian politician, entrepreneur, media proprietor. ...
Image File history File links Logo_AN_2006. ...
National Alliance (Italian: Alleanza Nazionale, often shortened to AN) is a right-wing Italian political party. ...
Gianfranco Fini Gianfranco Fini (born January 3, 1952 in Bologna) is an Italian politician, currently Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister in the Government led by Silvio Berlusconi. ...
Image File history File links Logo_UDC_2006. ...
The Union of Christian and Centre Democrats (Italian: Unione dei Democratici Cristiani e Democratici di Centro) is a political party in Italy formed by a merger of the former Centro Cristiano Democratico and Christiani Democratici Uniti parties. ...
Lorenzo Cesa Lorenzo Cesa (born on 16 August 1951 in Arcinazzo R.) is a Italian politician and Member of the European Parliament for Southern with the Cristiani Democratici Uniti, a Vice-Chairman of the European Peoples Party and sits on the European Parliaments Committee on Budgetary Control and...
Pierferdinando (or Pier Ferdinando) Casini (born on 3 December 1955 in Bologna, Italy) is a Italian politician, President of the Chamber of Deputies, and member of the Democrats Centre Union (UDC) party. ...
Image File history File links Logo_LegaNord-MPA_2006. ...
The Northern League (Italian: Lega Nord) is an Italian political party which advocates autonomy for that part of Northern Italy which they call Padania. ...
The Movement for Autonomy (Italian: Movimento per lAutonomia or MPA) is a minor Italian political party, founded on April 30, 2005 by a number of Southern Italian, especially Sicilian, centre-of-right autonomist dissidents, notably from Democrats Centre Union and National Alliance. ...
Umberto Bossi, with a green Padania-inspired handkerchief. ...
Raffaele Lombardo Raffaele Lombardo (born on 29 October 1950 in Catania) is a Italian politician and Member of the European Parliament for Islands with the Cristiani Democratici Uniti, part of the European Peoples Party and sits on the European Parliaments Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (739x740, 636 KB) Summary Logo of the joint ticket Christian Democracy for the Autonomies-Socialist Party New PSI for the Italian general election, 2006. ...
Christian Democracy for the Autonomies (Italian: Democrazia Cristiana per le Autonomie), often referred to as New DC (Nuova DC), is a minor centrist political party founded in 2005 by former Democrats Centre Union MP Gianfranco Rotondi. ...
The Partito Socialista – Nuovo PSI (NPSI) is a small Italian party which professes a social-democratic ideology and claims to be the successor to the old Italian Socialist Party, which was disbanded after the judiciary tempest of the early 1990s (see Mani Pulite). ...
Gianfranco Rotondi (born 25 July 1960 in Avellino) is an Italian politician, the current leader of the Christian Democracy for the Autonomies since June 2005. ...
Gianni De Michelis Gianni De Michelis (born on 26 November 1940 in Venezia) is an Italian politician and Member of the European Parliament for Southern with the NPSI, and is therefore a Non-Inscrit in the European Parliament waiting for the acceptance of his partys request of membership in...
Image File history File links Alternativa_Sociale. ...
Alternativa Sociale (English language: Social Alternative) is an Italian political coalition of neo-fascist parties. ...
Alessandra Mussolini (born December 30, 1962) is an Italian fascist politician and Member of the European Parliament. ...
Image File history File links Fiamma_tricolore. ...
The Movimento Sociale Fiamma Tricolore is a hardline Italian right-wing party. ...
Luca Romagnoli Luca Romagnoli (born on 12 September 1961 in Roma) is a Italian politician and Member of the European Parliament for Southern with the Fiamma Tricolore, and is therefore a Non-Inscrit in the European Parliament. ...
Image File history File links Logo_Riformatori_liberali. ...
Liberal Reformers is a party founded in 2005 by a split from Italian Radicals of those radicals that were against the alliance with Italian Democratic Socialists. ...
Italian Radicals (Radicali Italiani) is an Italian political group that describes itself as a liberal, liberista and libertarian political movement. ...
Benedetto Della Vedova is the leader of Liberal Reformers, a minor liberal and libertarian party, member of the House of Freedoms coalition. ...
Image File history File links Logo_No_Euro_Movement. ...
The No Euro Movement is a small political party that aims to remove the Euro as the Italian currency, returning to the Italian lira, and advocates governmental control of the Italian Central Bank. ...
Renzo Rabellino is the leader of the No Euro Movement, a political party in Italy that advocates the return of the Italian lira for the Italian currency and government control of the central bank. ...
| The Socialist Party New PSI, a small party composed of former socialists of the late Italian Socialist Party and led by former 1980s and 1990s minister Gianni De Michelis, which is part of the Berlusconi III government with a minister without portfolio, suffered a split on its last national congress (October 21–October 23, 2005), with a left-wing side, led by Bobo Craxi, son of the late Bettino, who decided to immediately leave the House of Freedoms and unilaterally elected Craxi himself as new party leader. The NPSI will take part in the election in a joint list with the centrist Christian Democracy for the Authonomies. The Partito Socialista – Nuovo PSI (NPSI) is a small Italian party which professes a social-democratic ideology and claims to be the successor to the old Italian Socialist Party, which was disbanded after the judiciary tempest of the early 1990s (see Mani Pulite). ...
Bettino Craxi, longtime secretary of the party and for many a symbol of corruption. ...
Gianni De Michelis Gianni De Michelis (born on 26 November 1940 in Venezia) is an Italian politician and Member of the European Parliament for Southern with the NPSI, and is therefore a Non-Inscrit in the European Parliament waiting for the acceptance of his partys request of membership in...
A Minister without Portfolio is a government minister with no specific responsibilities. ...
October 21 is the 294th day of the year (295th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 71 days remaining. ...
October 23 is the 296th day of the year (297th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 69 days remaining. ...
2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Vittorio Craxi, commonly known as Bobo, (born in Milan on 6 June 1964) is an Italian politician, son of Bettino Craxi, Formerly a prominent member of the Nuovo PSI, has left the party in late January 2006 after the rejection, by a judicial court, of his claim of having being...
Bettino Craxi Bettino Craxi (born Benedetto Craxi in Milan, Italy on February 24, 1934, died in Hammamet on January 19, 2000) was an Italian politician. ...
A party founded in 2005 by former Democrats Centre Union Gianfranco Rotondi. ...
About the candidate who will lead the coalition to the general election, Berlusconi experienced an actual loss of support from UDC, who asked for a reform of the electoral law in a proportional way (which would likely favour it) and a sort of primary election for deciding formally the next candidate. But recent developments, who are going to bring straightforward to a reform in a proportional sense of the current electoral law (but much different than the UDC proposal) and resignation of Marco Follini, critic of several reforms imposed by Berlusconi to the whole coalition, from the UDC secretarship, have actually dissolved for now the possibility of a change of leadership inside the House of Freedoms. On October 27, Lorenzo Cesa was appointed as new UDC secretary, becoming the successor of Follini himself. The coalition announced a "three-forwards" system, meaning that the PM candidate will be the political leader, amongst Casini, Fini and Berlusconi, whose party will win more votes. As the populist Forza Italia obtained around 20% of national votes against a 11% of the second-placed party in the coalition, the "post-fascist" National Alliance of Gianfranco Fini, in the 2004 European Parliament election, it seems easy to suppose Berlusconi to be the actual candidate. October 27 is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 65 days remaining. ...
Lorenzo Cesa Lorenzo Cesa (born on 16 August 1951 in Arcinazzo R.) is a Italian politician and Member of the European Parliament for Southern with the Cristiani Democratici Uniti, a Vice-Chairman of the European Peoples Party and sits on the European Parliaments Committee on Budgetary Control and...
Populism is a political ideology or rhetorical style that holds that the common person is oppressed by the elite in society, which exists only to serve its own interests, and therefore, the instruments of the State need to be grasped from this self-serving elite and instead used for the...
Elections to the European Parliament were held in Italy on June 13, 2004. ...
One event which has caused heavy criticism from the opposition has been the support, sought and obtained by Berlusconi, of a number of nationalist movements and parties, notably the Social Alternative of Alessandra Mussolini, granddaughter of the former dictator of Italy. However, supporters of Berlusconi have responded to this by highlighting the opposition's flirtation with Communist and other far left groups. Nationalism is an ideology that creates and sustains a nation as a concept of a common identity for groups of humans. ...
Alternativa Sociale is an Italian far right political party. ...
Alessandra Mussolini (born December 30, 1962) is an Italian fascist politician and Member of the European Parliament. ...
The term far left refers to the relative position a person or group occupies within the political spectrum. ...
The Union The former Olive Tree coalition, expression of the Italian centre-left, now renamed as The Union (L'Unione), will be led for the election by former Prime Minister and former President of the European Commission Romano Prodi, who has already beaten Berlusconi in the 1996 elections. Prodi's candidacy was confirmed by a national primary election, held on October 16, 2005 (for more information about the primary election, see the related paragraph below). © European Communities, 1995-2003 © This image is copyrighted. ...
© European Communities, 1995-2003 © This image is copyrighted. ...
(born 9 August 1939) is an Italian politician. ...
LUnione (The Union in English) is an Italian left-wing coalition of parties. ...
For the Italian political alliance see Olive Tree, and the color, olive (color). ...
LUnione (The Union in English) is an Italian left-wing coalition of parties. ...
The President of the European Commission is notionally the highest ranking unelected official within the European Union. ...
(born 9 August 1939) is an Italian politician. ...
An early national general election was held in Italy on April 21, 1996 to elect members of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic. ...
The examples and perspective in this article do not represent a worldwide view. ...
October 16 is the 289th day of the year (290th in Leap years). ...
2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Moreover, the former coalition was enlarged in order to cover the whole ensemble of Italian left-wing factions. The parties in the alliance are:
| Logo | Party | Description | 2001[13] | 2004[14] |
 | Olive Tree
L'Ulivo | Confederation of three national parties: Democrats of the Left, the major social-democratic part of Italy, led by Piero Fassino; The Daisy, centre-left party led by Francesco Rutelli; and the MRE, a minor centre-left party led by Luciana Sbarbati. The coalition is present only in the Chamber of Deputies, whereas the single parties will present their own symbols for the Senate. | 31.1% [15] | 31.1% |
 | Communist Refoundation Party
Rifondazione Comunista, PRC | Reformed communist party led by Fausto Bertinotti. Their refusal to join the Union at the last election kept it from winning and allowed Berlusconi to stay in office. | 5.0% | 6.0% |
 | Rose in the Fist
Rosa nel Pugno | Liberal and libertarian movement, composed by the Italian Democratic Socialists of Enrico Boselli and the Italian Radicals of Daniele Capezzone. | 1.2%[16] | 2.2%[17] |
 | Party of Italian Communists
Comunisti Italiani, PdCI | Euro-communist party led by Oliviero Diliberto. It is part of a joint ticket with the Greens and the Consumers' List for the Senate. | 1.7% | 2.4% |
 | Federation of the Greens
Federazione dei Verdi, Verdi | Green party led by Alfonso Pecoraro Scanio. It is part of a joint ticket with the Party of Italian Communists and the Consumers' List for the Senate. | 2.2%[18] | 2.5% |
 | Italy of Values
Italia dei Valori | Moderate centre-left movement led by former magistrate Antonio Di Pietro. | 4.0% | 2.1% |
 | Popular-UDEUR
Popolari-UDEUR | Small centrist party led by Clemente Mastella. | —[19] | 1.3% |
 | The Socialists
I Socialisti | Small socialist party, born in January 2006 as split of the NPSI, and led by Bobo Craxi, son of the late Bettino. | — | — |
 | Pensioners' Party
Partito dei Pensionati | Small single issue party for the defence of retirement plans, led by MEP Carlo Fatuzzo. It was allied with the House of Freedoms in 2001. | < 0.1% | 1.1% | | ↑ Result in the Italian general election of 2001
↑ Result in the European election of 2004
↑ Sum of the results of Left-Wing Democrats (16.6%) and The Daisy (14.5%). The MRE was not present in the election.
↑ Result of the Italian Radicals; the SDI was part of an electoral alliance with the Greens, which obtained 2.2% of votes.
↑ Result of the Italian Radicals; the SDI joined the Olive Tree in the election.
↑ Result of the joint list with the SDI (Italian Democratic Socialists).
↑ Not present in the election, as the party was part of the Daisy.
A national general election was held in Italy on May 13, 2001 to elect members of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic. ...
Elections to the European Parliament were held in Italy on June 13, 2004. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (615x614, 25 KB) Summary Logo of the Olive Tree confederation of parties for the Italian general election, 2006. ...
For the Italian political alliance see Olive Tree, and the color, olive (color). ...
Democrats of the Left (Italian: Democratici di Sinistra) is the main Italian left-wing political party, part of the Ulivo electoral coalition. ...
Piero Fassino (born October 7, 1949 in Avigliana, Torino) is the national secretary of the Democrats of the Left (DS), currently the major opposition party in the Italian parliament. ...
Daisy-Democracy is Freedom (full name in Italian: Democrazia è Libertà – La Margherita: Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy) is a centrist political Party in Italy. ...
Francesco Rutelli (Rome, June 14, 1954) is an Italian politician, formerly mayor of Rome. ...
The European Republican Movement (Italian: Movimento Repubblicani Europei) of Italy is a small center left liberal party, part of the Olive Tree coalition and the ALDE group in the European Parliament. ...
Luciana Sbarbati Luciana Sbarbati (born on 10 May 1946 in Roma) is a Italian politician and Member of the European Parliament for Central with the Movimento Repubblicani Europei, Member of the Bureau of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe and sits on the European Parliaments Committee on...
Image File history File links Rifondazione_comunista. ...
The Communist Refoundation Party (Italian: Partito della Rifondazione Comunista) is an Italian reformed communist party. ...
Eurocommunism was an attempt in the 1970s by various European communist parties to widen their appeal by embracing middle-class themes, rejecting unquestioning support of the Soviet Union and express more clearly their fidelity to the democratic institutions. ...
Fausto Bertinotti Fausto Bertinotti (born on 22 March 1940 in Sesto San Giovanni, Milan) is an Italian politician and leader of the Partito della Rifondazione Comunista. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1299x1299, 438 KB) Summary Logo of the Rose in the Fist, a political federation of parties in Italy. ...
The Rose in the Fist is an Italian political federation of parties founded in 2005. ...
Look up liberal on Wiktionary, the free dictionary Liberal may refer to: Politics: Liberalism American liberalism, a political trend in the USA Political progressivism, a political ideology that is for change, often associated with liberal movements Liberty, the condition of being free from control or restrictions Liberal Party, members of...
Libertarian socialism is any one of a group of political philosophies dedicated to opposing coercive forms of authority and social hierarchy, in particular the institutions of capitalism and the State. ...
The Italian Democratic Socialists (Italian: Socialisti Democratici Italiani), or SDI, is a small social democratic party of moderate-left policies, heir of the old Italian Socialist Party and led by Enrico Boselli. ...
Enrico Boselli Enrico Boselli (born 7 January 1957 in Bologna) is an Italian politician, and leader of the Italian Democratic Socialists party. ...
Italian Radicals (Radicali Italiani) is an Italian political group that describes itself as a liberal, liberista and libertarian political movement. ...
Daniele Capezzone, secretary of the Italian Radicals Daniele Capezzone (born 1972 in Rome) is the secretary of Radicali Italiani, a liberal, pro-market economy, libertarian movement associated with the Transnational Radical Party. ...
Image File history File links Logo of the Party of Italian Communists. ...
The Party of Italian Communists (Italian: Partito dei Comunisti Italiani, also translated into English as Italian Communists Party) is a political party in Italy. ...
Eurocommunism was an attempt in the 1970s by various European communist parties to widen their appeal by embracing public sector middle-class workers, new social movements such as feminism and gay liberation, rejecting support of the Soviet Union, and expressing more clearly their fidelity to democratic institutions. ...
Oliviero Diliberto Oliviero Diliberto (born 13 October 1956 in Cagliari) is an Italian politician. ...
Image File history File links Official logo of the Italian Federation of Greens, minor left-wing green party, and member of The Union coalition. ...
The Federation of the Greens (Federazione dei Verdi, or just Verdi) is the Italian Green Party. ...
Alfonso Pecoraro Scanio (Salerno, March 13, 1959), is an Italian politician. ...
Official logo of Italy of Values, small liberal party founded and led by former nationwide magistrate Antonio Di Pietro, and member of the left-wing coalition The Union. ...
Italy of Values (Italian: Italia dei Valori, also known as Lista Di Pietro) is a liberal party and anti-corruption political movement in Italy, headed by former magistrate and Mani Pulite campaigner Antonio Di Pietro. ...
Antonio di Pietro Antonio Di Pietro (born Montenero di Bisaccia, Italy, October 2, 1950) is an Italian Senator and was a magistrate in the team of the so-called Mani Pulite. Born to a poor rural family of Molise, very young he went Germany to work as a waiter in...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (734x733, 48 KB) Summary Logo of the Popular-UDEUR for the Italian general election, 2006. ...
The Popular-UDEUR (Italian: Popolari-UDEUR) is a small centrist political party in Italy, led by Clemente Mastella. ...
Mario Clemente Mastella (born 5 February 1947 in Ceppaloni, Benevento) is an Italian politician. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1400x1400, 243 KB) Summary Logo of The Socialists (Italian: I Socialisti), a minor political party in Italy. ...
The Socialists (Italian: I Socialisti) is a minor Italian political party, born in February 7, 2006, as split of the Socialist Party New PSI wing favourable to a political alliance with The Union and an immediate discontinuance to the ties with the House of Freedoms. ...
The Partito Socialista – Nuovo PSI (NPSI) is a small Italian party which professes a social-democratic ideology and claims to be the successor to the old Italian Socialist Party, which was disbanded after the judiciary tempest of the early 1990s (see Mani Pulite). ...
Vittorio Craxi, commonly known as Bobo Craxi, (born in Milan on 6 June 1964) is an Italian politician, son of Bettino Craxi, He is the new leader of Nuovo PSI since the Vth Congress, confirmed by a judicial decision of December 31, 2005. ...
Bettino Craxi Bettino Craxi (born Benedetto Craxi in Milan, Italy on February 24, 1934, died in Hammamet on January 19, 2000) was an Italian politician. ...
Image File history File links Partito_Pensionati. ...
The Pensioners Party of Italy (Italian: Partito Pensionati) is led by Carlo Fatuzzo. ...
Single-issue politics involves political campaigning or political support based on one essential policy area or idea. ...
A retirement plan is an arrangement to provide people with an income, or pension, during retirement, when they are no longer earning a steady income from employment. ...
Carlo Fatuzzo Carlo Fatuzzo (born on 14 March 1944 in Genova) is a Italian politician and Member of the European Parliament for North-West with the Partito dei Pensionati, part of the European Peoples Party and sits on the European Parliaments Committee on Employment and Social Affairs. ...
| The Rose in the Fist was officially founded in September 25, 2005, when the Italian Radicals, a historical libertarian, laicist and socially leftist party of Italy, officially declared an alliance with the Italian Democratic Socialists in the form of confederation, with explicit references on politics of Tony Blair, José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero and Loris Fortuna, an Italian politician in the 1970s who became famous for his laicist proposals, and considered as the father of the law on divorce. This confederation immediately caused some stir for not having signed the political platform of The Union, being the only center-left party not to do that; the Rose in the Fist, represented by Emma Bonino in the final platform meeting, in fact protested about insufficient mentions to social issues such as legalization of civil unions. September 25 is the 268th day of the year (269th in leap years). ...
2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Italian Radicals (Radicali Italiani) is an Italian political group that describes itself as a liberal, liberista and libertarian political movement. ...
Libertarian socialism is any one of a group of political philosophies dedicated to opposing coercive forms of authority and social hierarchy, in particular the institutions of capitalism and the State. ...
REDIRECT Laïcité ...
Anthony Charles Lynton Blair (born 6 May 1953) is the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, First Lord of the Treasury and Minister for the Civil Service. ...
(help· info) (born August 4, 1960 in Valladolid) is the President of the Government of Spain. ...
Loris Fortuna (Breno, Brescia, 29 August 1924 - Rome, 5 December 1985) was a Italian politician, and former Member of Parliament since 1963. ...
The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, inclusive. ...
Divorce or dissolution of marriage is the ending of a marriage before the death of either spouse, which can be contrasted with an annulment, which is a declaration that a marriage is void, though the effects of marriage may be recognized in such unions, such as spousal support, child custody...
Emma Bonino was born on March 9, 1948 in Bra, is an Italian politician and is now a Member of the European Parliament. ...
A civil union is one of several terms for a civil status similar to marriage, typically created for the purposes of allowing same-sex couples access to the benefits enjoyed by married opposite-sex peoples (see also same-sex marriage); it can also be used by opposite-sex couples who...
The Socialists, which is the left wing of the Socialist Party New PSI led by Bobo Craxi and came out of the House of Freedoms, was supposed to join that confederation, but eventually did not do it, instead reorganizing itself in a single party, which however does not seem to be able to get over the 2% of national votes. However, Bobo Craxi should anyway be able to enter in the Lower House, as he is one of the leading candidates for the Olive Tree in Lombardy. The Socialists (Italian: I Socialisti) is a minor Italian political party, born in February 7, 2006, as split of the Socialist Party New PSI wing favourable to a political alliance with The Union and an immediate discontinuance to the ties with the House of Freedoms. ...
The Partito Socialista – Nuovo PSI (NPSI) is a small Italian party which professes a social-democratic ideology and claims to be the successor to the old Italian Socialist Party, which was disbanded after the judiciary tempest of the early 1990s (see Mani Pulite). ...
The Union is also supported by a number of minor parties and movements, of which the one and only who elected a representative in a relevant political component is the Pensioners' Party (1 Member of European Parliament). The Pensioners Party of Italy (Italian: Partito Pensionati) is led by Carlo Fatuzzo. ...
Debates Silvio Berlusconi and Romano Prodi faced each other in two televised debates, in accordance to a disposition of the Parliamentary Committee of Inspection on RAI, which has the goal to ensure an equal treatment for the different political sides. RAI (Radio Audizioni Italiane) is an Italian public service broadcaster. ...
However, Prodi contested the deliberation of this Committee, which allowed Berlusconi to hold a final televised speech after the debates as Prime Minister; for that reason, Prodi denied his participation to any debate until the final speech had been cancelled. The issue was solved on March 3, when Berlusconi renounced the final speech.
The debates last about 90 minutes, do not include commercials, and have a previously set number of minutes for each answer and the obligation to only film a candidate when he is making an intervention. The candidates are also forbidden to bring any kind of notes with them and no audience is allowed to participate in the debates, a very unusual thing in Italian political talk shows. Questions to candidates are posted by two journalists from the Italian press, and the moderator is not allowed to ask any questions. At the end of the debates, the candidates are allowed to make a final speech of 3 minutes aimed at the electors.
The first televised debate, held on March 14, was broadcast live on Rai Uno, and moderated by Clemente Mimun, Director of TG1. It featured questions from journalists Roberto Napoletano of Il Messaggero and Marcello Sorgi of La Stampa. It was watched by over 16 million people, a record for a political TV show. During his final speech, Berlusconi, who often overran his intervention times, attacked the rules of the debate, in his opinion too strict, whereas Prodi praised them, pointing out the fact that they are used in US debates this way, as well. March 14 is the 73rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (74th in Leap years) with 292 days remaining in the year. ...
Rai Uno is part of RAI, the Italian government broadcasting agency, which owns other channels, such as Rai Uno, Rai Due and Rai Tre (amongst others). ...
Il Messaggero is an Italian newspaper based in Rome. ...
La Stampa is one of the best-known and most widely sold Italian daily newspapers, published in Turin and distributed in Italy and in other nations in Europe. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
The second debate [20], moderated by Bruno Vespa, an Italian journalist and anchorman, was held on April 3 and broadcasted live on Rai Uno, featuring questions from Napoletano and Sorgi (as well as the first debate), was dominated by the proposals on economic policies, and was far more intense, with reciprocal insults between Prodi and Berlusconi. The final speech saw Berlusconi proposing the abolition of ICI, the local housing tax imposed by the local city councils, on first homes; successively, it was quickly understood that Berlusconi's proposal was not fitted with the rest of the House of Freedoms, and Prodi, immediately after the debate (as he had no opportunity to reply the final speech of Berlusconi), noted "about ICI, I want to know what the centre-right mayors think about". April 3 is the 93rd day of the year (94th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 272 days remaining. ...
Platforms
The Union After a long discussion, the centre-left coalition released its official platform on February 10, 2006, [21] and presented it to the public the next day. However, the Rose in the Fist refused to sign it in, because it did not explicitly include some issues, such as civil unions and gay rights. The platform has been criticized by the House of Freedoms because of its 280 page length. February 10 is the 41st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The Rose in the Fist is an Italian political federation of parties founded in 2005. ...
A civil union is one of several terms for a civil status similar to marriage, typically created for the purposes of allowing same-sex couples access to the benefits enjoyed by married opposite-sex peoples (see also same-sex marriage); it can also be used by opposite-sex couples who...
The gay rights movement is a collection of loosely aligned civil rights groups, human rights groups, support groups and political activists seeking acceptance, tolerance and equality for non-heterosexual, (homosexual, bisexual), and transgender people - despite the fact that it is typically referred to as the gay rights movement, members also...
A reduced, more readable, version of the official political platform [22] has been released since then by the coalition, in order to answer the critics from the centre-right coalition.
The main points of the centre-left platform are:
- More safety, by moving police resources from immigration and escort issues to the control of the territory;
- Controlled immigration and promotion of legal ways to immigrate in Italy;
- A quicker and more reliable judicial system;
- Full condemnation and fight of dodging and regularization of concealed labour;
- More integration with the European Union;
- Recognition of rights for civil, unmarried couples;
- Immediate withdrawal of the Italian troops in Iraq;
- Numerical restraint and regulation of the typologies of flexible labour;
House of Freedoms The platform of the House of Freedoms was released on February 25. It is 22 pages long [23], and it is defined as the continuance of the first five years of centre-right government. It is different by the contract with Italians (just five basic points) which characterized the 2001 election. It was criticized as "vague" and "propaganda". February 25 is the 56th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
The main points of the centre-right platform are:
- Increase of fiscal autonomy for Regions (federalismo fiscale, fiscal federalism);
- Realization of the so-called grandi opere (big works), notably the Strait of Messina Bridge;
- Support for the smaller and familiar companies, and the Made in Italy export goods business;
- Tax reduction;
- Consolidation of relationships with the USA and reaffirmation of the commitment to the European Union;
- Defence of the values of family as based on marriage;
- Rise of legal penalties for criminal offences;
- Keeping up with the current politics for creating jobs, especially for the young Italians and the women;
- Restrictions on immigration
Satellite photo of the Strait of Messina, taken June 2002. ...
Opinion polling According to the opinion pollings released, mainly commissioned for national newspapers, magazines and TV stations, The Union is clearly leading the race to the general election. It must be noted that the three surveys which show a majority of votes for the House of Freedoms have been all commissioned by Berlusconi's party Forza Italia. Notably, the surveys of Penn, Schoen & Berland, a U.S. research firm, were commissioned by Berlusconi because he claimed the national surveys to be politically biased. Penn, Schoen & Berland Associates describes itself as an innovative strategic market research firm with offices in New York, Washington, D.C. and Denver. ...
The United States of America — also referred to as the United States, the U.S.A., the U.S., America, the States, or (archaically) Columbia—is a federal republic of 50 states located primarily in central North America (with the exception of two states: Alaska and Hawaii). ...
According to the Italian par condicio law, it is forbidden to publish any opinion polling in the 15 days which precede the election (March 25, in this case). March 25 is the 84th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (85th in leap years). ...
The final result (49.8% Union vs 49.7% House of Freedoms) was about 3% different from almost all polls (including all the exit polls) reducing the expected 5% gap between the coalition to a difference of about 0.1%. In the Italian TV some have tried to explain this discrepancy claiming that some House of Freedoms voters are ashamed to admit their vote.
Image File history File links Logo_unione. ...
LUnione (The Union in English) is an Italian left-wing coalition of parties. ...
Image File history File links Logo_House_Of_Freedoms. ...
Casa delle Libertà , or House of Freedoms in English, is an Italian right of center party alliance led by national media tycoon Silvio Berlusconi. ...
April 10 is the 100th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (101st in leap years). ...
2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
April 10 is the 100th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (101st in leap years). ...
2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
April 10 is the 100th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (101st in leap years). ...
2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
22 March is the 81st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (82nd in Leap years). ...
2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
March 20 is the 79th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (80th in Leap years). ...
GFK is an abbreviation for: Gesellschaft für Konsumforschung, a German market research institute Government Fury Kills, a Canadian hardcore/metal band This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
March 20 is the 79th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (80th in Leap years). ...
March 20 is the 79th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (80th in Leap years). ...
March 17 is the 76th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (77th in Leap years). ...
March 16 is the 75th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (76th in Leap years). ...
March 15 is the 74th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (75th in Leap years). ...
March 13 is the 72nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (73rd in leap years). ...
March 13 is the 72nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (73rd in leap years). ...
March 12 is the 71st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (72nd in Leap years). ...
March 10 is the 69th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (70th in Leap years). ...
Penn, Schoen & Berland Associates describes itself as an innovative strategic market research firm with offices in New York, Washington, D.C. and Denver. ...
March 9 is the 68th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (69th in Leap years). ...
March 9 is the 68th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (69th in Leap years). ...
March 9 is the 68th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (69th in Leap years). ...
March 7 is the 66th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (67th in Leap years). ...
March 7 is the 66th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (67th in Leap years). ...
March 6 is the 65th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (66th in Leap years). ...
March 3 is the 62nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (63rd in leap years). ...
March 1 is the 60th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (61st in leap years). ...
March 1 is the 60th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (61st in leap years). ...
February 27 is the 58th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
February 23 is the 54th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
February 22 is the 53rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
February 21 is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
February 20 is the 51st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
February 17 is the 48th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
February 16 is the 47th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
February 16 is the 47th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
February 15 is the 46th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
February 13 is the 44th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
February 10 is the 41st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
February 8 is the 39th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
February 7 is the 38th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
February 6 is the 37th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
February 4 is the 35th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
February 1 is the 32nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
February 1 is the 32nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
January 31 is the 31st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
January 30 is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
January 28 is the 28th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
January 25 is the 25th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
January 25 is the 25th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
January 23 is the 23rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
January 22 is the 22nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
January 18 is the 18th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
January 18 is the 18th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
January 18 is the 18th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
January 16 is the 16th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
January 16 is the 16th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
January 11 is the 11th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
January 11 is the 11th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
January 5 is the 5th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
December 11 is the 345th day (346th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
November 7 is the 311th day of the year (312th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 54 days remaining. ...
October 25 is the 298th day of the year (299th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 67 days remaining. ...
Political issues
The election date In July 2005, President Carlo Azeglio Ciampi asked current PM Silvio Berlusconi about the opportunity for an early election for the first half of April 2006, in order to prevent a big political deadlock (the mandate of President Ciampi himself will be over in May 2006 and a newly-elected government will not likely be in office within three weeks). Berlusconi has however refused the deal, claiming he will stay in office until the due date of his term.[2] [3] Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (born in Livorno, 9 December 1920) was elected as the tenth President of the Italian Republic on May 13, 1999. ...
(born 29 September 1936) is an Italian politician, entrepreneur, media proprietor. ...
But, on October 18, Berlusconi announced that the election would be held on April 9, 2006, eventually following the suggestions from President Ciampi. Berlusconi also announced that the next administrative elections (which include the mayoral elections of Rome, Milan and Naples) will be held in May, the day after Romano Prodi had asked to vote for all elections the same day, in April.[4][5] Berlusconi stated this was due to his fear that good government by center-left mayors could favour the center-left in the general election. Critics say holding all elections in the same day could save millions of euros in public expenditure. October 18 is the 291st day of the year (292nd in Leap years). ...
April 9 is the 99th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (100th in leap years). ...
2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
A number of elections for the renewal of both municipal councils and mayors will be held in Italy on May 28 and 29, 2006. ...
City motto: Senatus Populusque Romanus – SPQR (The Senate and the People of Rome) Founded 21 April 753 BC mythical, 1st millennium BC Region Latium Area - City Proper 1285 km² Population - City (2004) - Metropolitan - Density (city proper) 2,553,873 almost 4,300,000 1. ...
Milan (Italian: Milano; Milanese -dialect of Lombard-: Milán) is the main city in northern Italy, and is located in the plains of Lombardy, the most populated and developed region in Italy. ...
Naples panorama Naples (Italian Napoli, Neapolitan Nà pule, from Greek ÎÎα Πόλις - Néa Pólis - meaning New City; see also List of traditional Greek place names) is the largest city in southern Italy and capital of Campania Region and the Province of Naples. ...
The par condicio law One of the main topics that might be relevant for this general election is the par condicio law. Its name, in Latin, means equal treatment; it is a special law which guarantees all the main majority and opposition political forces to have equal media treatment, in terms of times and spaces, and, furthermore, denies political commercials for TV and radio outside some dedicated transmissions. Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in the region around Rome called Latium. ...
Berlusconi has declared several times that he wants the par condicio law to be either abrogated or at least changed in a much lighter way.[6][7][8] Critics and opponents say that Berlusconi's willingness to have the law abolished are dictated by his almost complete control of 6 channels (he is owner of Mediaset, which broadcasts three national private channels, and controls indirectly, as Head of Government, the three RAI public broadcasting channels). Mediaset is the first Italian commercial television network. ...
RAI (Radio Audizioni Italiane) is an Italian public service broadcaster. ...
In his latter government years, Berlusconi attempted to accelerate his desires; however UDC, who is part of the Berlusconi government, declared several times its opposition to either abolish or change the par condicio law, with secretary Lorenzo Cesa, after his election as party leader, who pointed out his refusal of any change of the law.[9]
Tax breaks Before winning the 2001 election and becoming Prime Minister of Italy, Berlusconi signed in a TV show a Contract with Italians, where he promised, if elected, to fulfil at least four of the five points included in it. One of the main points regarded a tax break for income levels, whereas the Olive Tree policy was essentially to maintain a progressive taxation system. A national general election was held in Italy on May 13, 2001 to elect members of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic. ...
This is a list of Prime Ministers of Italy. ...
For the Italian political alliance see Olive Tree, and the color, olive (color). ...
The generalised tax break was somewhat enacted in 2005, and included in the last Financial Measure. The opposition blamed Berlusconi for doing the tax break in one of the worst economic periods for the country, with no coverage for the resulting debt, and accused Berlusconi's allies of accepting the tax break in return for better power positions; during the negotiations for the Financial Measure, the Alleanza Nazionale leader, and, at that date, vice-premier, Gianfranco Fini, was moved to the Ministry for Foreign Affairs, and UDC leader Marco Follini, who had no ministerial role before that date, was chosen to replace Fini. The National Alliance (Alleanza Nazionale) is a right-wing Italian party, formed from most of the former Italian Social Movement (Movimento Sociale Italiano, MSI) and conservative elements of the former Christian Democrats, the National Alliance (Alleanza Nazionale, AN) was created in 1994. ...
Gianfranco Fini Gianfranco Fini (born January 3, 1952 in Bologna) is an Italian politician, currently Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister in the Government led by Silvio Berlusconi. ...
In the electoral campaign, Berlusconi and the whole centre-right coalition almost daily criticized the left, alleging that Prodi would increase taxes if elected, pointing out the centre-left proposal to have a 5% cut of the tax wedge. The tax wedge is the difference between workers take home pay and the costs of employing them (taking into account social security contributions and tax). ...
Taxes have become the main topic for the end of the electoral campaign, with Berlusconi citing Prodi would reintroduce the inheritance tax, abrogated in 2001, and increase the current tax system on treasury bills (BOT, CCT) and would tax also the stockmarket tradings. Prodi pointed out the fact that he would reintroduce the inheritance tax only for the very rich people, and would not increase the taxes on treasury bills.
Foreign reputation A good friend of George W. Bush and Vladimir Putin, Berlusconi supported the American invasion of Iraq, and, during the Italian EU presidency, suggested to Chairman of the Socialist Group in the European Parliament Martin Schulz, during a talk, a role of kapo (concentration-camp inmate appointed as supervisor) for a hypothetical movie, claiming he would be "perfect" for the role. When Berlusconi entered the Strasburg Parliament he was welcomed with posters in various languages adressing him as "Godfather of Europe", explicitly referring to Coppola's series about mafia, without respecting his high institutional role as EU-Council president. Afterwards Mr Berlusconi exploded at the insisting questions of MP Schulz. This diplomatic incident cooled down the Italy-Germany foreign relations for a period. Eventually a phone call between the Prime Minister and German Chancellor Schröder put an end to the dispute. Gerhard Fritz Kurt Schröder [] (born April 7, 1944), German politician, was Chancellor of Germany from 1998 to 2005. ...
Another of Berlusconi's criticized statements was made in 2001, when he declared Western civilization to be "superior to Islam".[10]
Several times, before and after his election as prime minister, the weekly worldwide magazine The Economist accused Berlusconi to be essentially "unfit to lead Italy".[11][12][13] The Economist is a weekly news and international affairs publication of The Economist Newspaper Limited in London. ...
Recently, even other worldwide newspapers and magazines, such as Financial Times and Newsweek, criticized the Berlusconi government's work. The Financial Times (FT) is an international business newspaper printed on distinctive salmon pink broadsheet paper. ...
The Newsweek logo Newsweek is a weekly news magazine published in New York City and distributed throughout the United States and internationally. ...
Vote abroad For the first time in Italian history, Italian citizens living abroad voted in the Italian election for 12 deputies and 6 senators who will represent them in the Italian Parliament, an unusual system that was supported by Silvio Berlusconi and promoted by Tremaglia. The change is the result of a thirty-year struggle to recognize the rights and special interests of Italians who have migrated abroad but retain their Italian identity. These parliamentary seats are organized into four constituencies (Europe, North & Central America, Latin America, and Africa/Asia/Oceania). Candidates must live in their respective constituencies.
Forty-two percent of eligible voters abroad participated in the elections. Prodi's L’Unione managed to secure 4 of the 6 Senate seats, while Berlusconi's Forza Italia and an Independent candidate each gained 1 of the remaining 2 seats, aiding Prodi in gaining a majority in the Italian Senate. In the House of Deputies, 7 seats went to l'Unione, 4 to Berlusconi's coalition, and one to an Independent candidate. Berlusconi has claimed, in challenging the election results, that there were irregularities in the vote abroad.
The result of the vote may have been influenced by the fact that numerous Right-wing parties put forward candidates in the constituencies abroad, while there were few Left-wing candidates, thereby splitting the right-wing vote. This tactical error may be explained through the novelty of the vote abroad.
Constitutional reform During the last few months of 2004, the House of Freedoms coalition proposed a large and consistent reform of the current Italian Constitution, which was formulated in 1948.[14] It proposes several changes to the current political system: it reduces the number of MPs from about 950 to 750, it gives more power to the prime minister (no longer called president of the council), there will be no possibility to express a vote of no confidence against the prime minister without indicating his successor (similar to Germany's constructive vote of no confidence); it puts an end to the necessity of a law being approved by both Chambers, attributing a clear competence to each of them; it gives more power to the regions, with several references to devolution, the main programme point of the autonomist government party Northern League, still guaranteeing, according to the new version of article 127, the national interest, which had been cancelled by the previous reform of the left. The Constructive Vote of No Confidence (in German: konstruktives Misstrauensvotum) is a specialty of the 1949 German constitution, the Grundgesetz (Basic Law). ...
For devolution as a term sometimes misapplied to evolution, see devolution (fallacy) Devolution or home rule is the granting of powers from central government to government at regional or local level. ...
The Northern League (Italian: Lega Nord) is an Italian political party which advocates autonomy for that part of Northern Italy which they call Padania. ...
The Italian Constitution prescribes that both chambers must accept every modification to the constitution twice within three months, and, if it passes with less than two thirds of the votes at the second scrutiny, a national referendum on the modification can be held (the reform will make it always possible to call such a referendum). Since the centre-left opposition opposed to the new constitutional reform, describing it as "dangerous", "separatist", and "antidemocratic".[15], the first procedural step, that is, the approval by the Chamber of Deputies, was done successfully in October 2004, but with less than 2/3 of the lower-house votes, making possible the confirmative referendum[16]. The second favourable polling, in Senate, was done on March 2005, whereas the third one occurred on October 20. During the third polling, former UDC leader Marco Follini announced he would abstain from the final vote, not support anymore the constitutional reform, followed by his party fellow Bruno Tabacci.[17] [18] A referendum (plural: referendums or referenda) or plebiscite (from Latin plebiscita, a decree of the Concilium Plebis) is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. ...
October 20 is the 293rd day of the year (294th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 72 days remaining. ...
On November 17, the Senate approved the constitutional reform in its final instance; Northern League leader Umberto Bossi attended the discussion and the voting, returning back to the Parliament, even if just as spectator, after his illness. During the vote, Domenico Fisichella announced his opposition to the reform, and his immediate resignment from the party, going against the party line about the issue. Italian MPs quite easily change party and even coalition: in the legislature between 1996 and 2001 15% of MPs did so. [19] 17 November is also the name of a Marxist group in Greece. ...
The House of Freedoms' proposal of constitutional reform has been done in a unilateral way - no agreement with the opposition, whereas the current Italian Constitution was written after World War II by all the national political forces (except the fascists), ranging from liberals, to christian democrats, to socialists, to communists and others. According to the House of Freedom, this policy was adopted in order to correct the constitutional reform approved by the former center-left majority in 2001 (Constitutional law 3/2001) with the same modus - no agreement with the opposition. However the new reform deeply modifies constitutional system of Italy, while the 2001 reform just partially modified a section of the Constitution. Combatants Allies: Poland, British Commonwealth, France/Free France, Soviet Union, United States, China, and others Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan, and others Casualties Military dead:17 million Civilian dead:33 million Total dead:50 million Military dead:8 million Civilian dead:4 million Total dead:12 million World War II...
The Italian Liberal Party (Italian: Partito Liberale Italiano, PLI) was an Italian free market liberal party. ...
SITO ISTITUZIONALE DELLA DEMOCRAZIA CRISTIANA Christian Democracy, (Democrazia Cristiana), the Christian democratic party of Italy, commonly called the democristiani or DC, dominated government for nearly half a century until its demise amid a welter of corruption allegations in 1992-94. ...
Bettino Craxi, longtime secretary of the party and for many a symbol of corruption. ...
The Partito Comunista Italiano (PCI) or Italian Communist Party emerged as Partito Comunista dItalia or Communist Party of Italy from a secession by the Leninist comunisti puri tendency from the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) during that bodys congress on 21 January 1921 at Livorno. ...
The national referendum, requested by the center-left opposition and a number of associations and regions - even by the center-right ruled Lombardy, must be held between April 15th and June 15th, according to the referendum law (352/1970).
The 2005 regional elections - Further information: Italian Regional Elections, April 3 and 4, 2005 and Regional Election of Basilicata, April 17 and 18, 2005
On April 3 and 4, 2005, regional elections were held in 13 Italian regions (the election in Basilicata was put off for two weeks because of irregularities). The final result actually reversed the political scenario of Italy, with left-wing opposition coalition The Union winning in 11 regions, while right-wing government coalition House of Freedoms maintaining only two of the eight regions they were ruling before the election. These results have brought some right-wing members, including vice-premier Marco Follini, to ask for early national election. The Italian Regional elections of April 3 and 4, 2005 were a major victory (11-2) for the centre-left coalition LUnione, led by Romano Prodi. ...
Due to some legal issues with the presentation of the list of Alternativa Sociale, Basilicata did not vote along with the other Italian regions in the Italian Regional Elections, April 3 and 4, 2005, but a couple of weeks later instead. ...
Basilicata is a region in the south of Italy, bordering on Campania to the west, Puglia to the east, Calabria to the south, it has one short coastline on the Tyrrhenian Sea and another of the Gulf of Taranto in the Ionian Sea to the south-east. ...
The left-wing primary election - Further information: The Union (political coalition)#Primary elections
On October 16, 2005, a primary election was held to officially declare the one and only candidate for the left-wing coalition The Union.[20] Over four million voters have participated to the election. LUnione (The Union in English) is an Italian left-wing coalition of parties. ...
October 16 is the 289th day of the year (290th in Leap years). ...
2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Major candidate Romano Prodi, who has been one of the main supporters of the primary election, gained a clear win, obtaining about 75% of the votes and defeating euro-communist leader Fausto Bertinotti, green Alfonso Pecoraro Scanio, popular former magistrate Antonio Di Pietro, Catholic centrist politician Clemente Mastella, independent candidate Ivan Scalfarotto and far left-wing candidate Simona Panzino. The election was also opened to non-Italian official residents, even if they will not be eligible to vote for the general election. (born 9 August 1939) is an Italian politician. ...
Fausto Bertinotti Fausto Bertinotti (born on 22 March 1940 in Sesto San Giovanni, Milan) is an Italian politician and leader of the Partito della Rifondazione Comunista. ...
Alfonso Pecoraro Scanio (Salerno, March 13, 1959), is an Italian politician. ...
Antonio di Pietro Antonio Di Pietro (born Montenero di Bisaccia, Italy, October 2, 1950) is an Italian Senator and was a magistrate in the team of the so-called Mani Pulite. Born to a poor rural family of Molise, very young he went Germany to work as a waiter in...
Mario Clemente Mastella (born 5 February 1947 in Ceppaloni, Benevento) is an Italian politician. ...
Economic issues Italy is the only European country in which there is an almost-zero rate of growth in economy, and one of the highest debts in the whole EU, which brought Berlusconi to ask successfully to have the Treaty of Maastricht parameters relaxed. This led to several critics of the Berlusconi's policy on economy, strictly linked to the work of the Italian Ministry of Economy Giulio Tremonti, which was forced to resign in 2004 after heavy protests from parties of his own coalition, especially the National Alliance, and returned to his previous cabinet position one year later, following the resignation of Domenico Siniscalco; Tremonti's work for trying to fill the cash deficit was often based on amnesties for infringement of tax and building regulations. Prodi and the centre-left often criticized that facet of the centre-right politics. The Maastricht treaty (formally, the Treaty on European Union) was signed on 7 February 1992 in Maastricht between the members of the European Community and entered into force on 1 November 1993. ...
ÃÃGiulio Tremonti (August 18, 1947, Sondrio, Lombardy) is an Italian politician and economist, and the current Italian minister of Economy and Finance under the government of Silvio Berlusconi. ...
Job security The regulation of temporary employment was first introduced as "pacchetto Treu" during the 1996–2001 centre-left government. It was then changed by Ministry of Labour Roberto Maroni in 2003, introducing a high number of temporary labour forms and made temporary labour cheaper than permanent. Roberto Maroni (born March 15, 1955 in Varese) is the Italian Minister of Welfare and a member of the Northern League. ...
The centre-left heavily criticized the current law, claiming it has damaged the future of the younger people. More recently, Prodi defined the current labour law as "much worse than French CPE". Demonstration against CPE, March 28, 2006, Paris The contrat première embauche (CPE), translated first employment contract, is a proposed law that would be created by an amendment to the eighth article of the Statute on the Equality of Opportunities law. ...
The centre-left has proposed to put temporary and permanent job costs on the same level, contain the number of temporary labour forms, and regulate internships. For information about a medical intern, see the article on Medical residency. ...
The electoral system Since 1994 general election and through the 2001 general election, Italy had a mixed electoral system, with 75% of the seats assigned through a plurality voting system, and 25% through a proportional one. A national general election was held in Italy on May 13, 2001 to elect members of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Plurality. ...
The Italian Chamber of Deputies has 630 seats, the Senate 315 (exactly half).
Approval of a new voting system - Further information: The new electoral system
A white paper for a proportional-only electoral system was presented to the Chamber of Deputies on September 13, 2005, only seven months before the 2006 general election. This reform, strongly backed by the Catholic centre-right Democrats' Centre Union, proposed a 4% threshold before a party gained any seats, and a majority bonus of (at least) 340 seats for the winning coalition, the total votes for each coalition being the sum of the votes of those coalition parties which had won at least 4% of the national votes. The new proposal was approved by parliament, overturning the 1993 referendum which brought about the abolition of the old proportional voting system.[21] To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
September 13 is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years). ...
2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The Democrats Centre Union or Union of Christian and Centre Democrats (Italian: Unione Democratici di Centro or Unione dei Democratici Cristiani e Democratici di Centro) is a political party in Italy formed by a merger of the former Centro Cristiano Democratico and Cristiani Democratici Uniti parties. ...
An electoral survey published on September 15, 2005 by the national left newspaper La Repubblica [22] claimed that, with the initial proposal of electoral reform become law, the House of Freedoms would win the next elections 340-290, even if they won only 45% of votes and the opposition coalition The Union won 50%, because the Union also includes several small parties with less than 4% of national votes. This could have been avoided if the small opposition parties melted togehther. Aim of this bill of reform was to reduce the number of parties, and particularly the moderate Left would have taken advantage in respect to the smaller extreme left parties. September 15 is the 258th day of the year (259th in leap years). ...
2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The Democrats' Centre Union, commenting on the proposal, asked for the abolition of the 4% cut-off clause, whereas the National Alliance did not show any favour to this attempt of reform, with its leader Gianfranco Fini claiming to want first to vote for the constitutional reform, and then for the new voting system, on condition that the 4% cut-off were not repealed. [23] The Democrats Centre Union or Union of Christian and Centre Democrats (Italian: Unione Democratici di Centro or Unione dei Democratici Cristiani e Democratici di Centro) is a political party in Italy formed by a merger of the former Centro Cristiano Democratico and Cristiani Democratici Uniti parties. ...
National Alliance (Italian: Alleanza Nazionale, often shortened to AN) is a right-wing Italian political party. ...
Gianfranco Fini Gianfranco Fini (born January 3, 1952 in Bologna) is an Italian politician, currently Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister in the Government led by Silvio Berlusconi. ...
This proposal of law was strongly questioned by the opposition coalition, who defined it an "attempted coup". Opposition leader Romano Prodi said it was "totally unacceptable" [24]. Several newspapers politically oriented to the left nicknamed the electoral system proposal by the House of Freedoms as "Truffarellum", after "truffa" (Italian for "fraud") and the "Mattarellum", the most common name for the previous Italian electoral law. (born 9 August 1939) is an Italian politician. ...
Notably, some smaller opposition parties, such as Communist Refoundation Party and Popular-UDEUR, support a proportional electoral law; nevertheless, they declared they were against an electoral reform by this parliament, because the current law would be changed too close to the 2006 general election. The Communist Refoundation Party (Italian: Partito della Rifondazione Comunista) is an Italian reformed communist party. ...
The Popular-UDEUR (Italian: Popolari-UDEUR) is a small centrist political party in Italy, led by Clemente Mastella. ...
The Italian prime minister Silvio Berlusconi had previously been a strong supporter of the plurality-based electoral law; in 1995, talking about his coalition, he even defined the plurality principle as "our religion". [25] After the elections in 1996, when the Left wing won, he changed his mind. The center-left coalition Olive Tree got the majority of seats in parliament but considering Berlusconi's coalition and the Lega Nord, which was not in his coalition, the Right wing had over 2 million votes more then the Left at the Senate, and even 3 at the Senate. [26] (born 29 September 1936) is an Italian politician, entrepreneur, media proprietor. ...
1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
A changed version of the first proposal, this time with a 2% threshold for entering Parliament and without vote of preference for candidates, but still without the support of the opposition, was presented to the Chamber of Deputies. The voting count started on October 11; the lower house of Italian parliament then approved the electoral reform on October 14. [27] The new electoral was then eventually approved on December 16, 2005, and countersigned by President Ciampi on December 23, 2005.[28] October 11 is the 284th day of the year (285th in leap years). ...
October 14 is the 287th day of the year (288th in Leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
December 16 is the 350th day of the year (351st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
December 23 is the 357th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (358th in leap years). ...
Roberto Calderoli, the main author of this electoral reform, defined this law "a rascality" (using the swearword "porcata"). Roberto Calderoli is an Italian politician, currently the Reforms Minister, member of the Lega Nord. ...
Finally the new electoral law allows Mr Prodi to count on a large majority in the Chamber and to get the majority also in the Senate, where The House of Freedom actually had more votes (50,41% vs. 48,96% of the Union)
Results
Chamber of Deputies ("Camera dei Deputati") (Lower house) edit
Summary of the 9–10 April 2006 Chamber of Deputies of Italy election results (percentages exclude overseas ballots.) | Coalitions | Votes | % | Seats | Parties inside coalitions | Votes | % | Seats |
The Union
(L'Unione) | 19,061,104 | 49.86 | 348[24] | Olive Tree (L'Ulivo) | 11,928,362 | 31.20 | 220 | | Communist Refoundation Party (Rifondazione Comunista) | 2,229,604 | 5.83 | 41 | | Rose in the Fist (Rosa nel Pugno) | 991,049 | 2.59 | 18 | | Party of Italian Communists (Partito dei Comunisti Italiani) | 884,912 | 2.31 | 16 | | Italy of Values (Italia dei Valori) | 877,159 | 2.29 | 16 | | | abroad: 1 | | Federation of the Greens (Federazione dei Verdi) | 783,944 | 2.05 | 15 | | Popular-UDEUR (Popolari-UDEUR) | 534,553 | 1.40 | 10 | | Pensioners' Party (Partito dei Pensionati) | 335,118 | 0.88 | 0 | | South Tyrolean People's Party (Südtiroler Volkspartei) | 182,703 | 0.48 | 4 | | The Socialists (I Socialisti) | 115,105 | 0.30 | 0 | | Consumers' List (Lista Consumatori) | 73,720 | 0.19 | 0 | | League for Autonomy-Lombard Alliance (Lega Alleanza Lombarda) | 44,580 | 0.12 | 0 | | Autonomy Liberty Democracy (Autonomie Liberté Démocratie) | 34,167 | 0.09 | 1 | | Aosta Valley (Valee d'Aoste) | 24,118 | 0.06 | 0 | | Veneto Front League (Liga Fronte Veneto) | 22,010 | 0.06 | 0 | | The Union (L'Unione) | | | abroad: 6 |
House of Freedoms
(Casa delle Libertà) | 18,995,697 | 49.69 | 281 | Forza Italia | 9,045,384 | 23.66 | 137 | | | abroad: 3 | | National Alliance (Alleanza Nazionale) | 4,706,654 | 12.31 | 71 | | Union of Christian and Centre Democrats (Unione dei Democratici Cristiani e dei Democratici di Centro) | 2,582,233 | 6.75 | 39 | | Northern League-Movement for Autonomy | 1,749,632 | 4.58 | 26 | | Christian Democracy-New PSI (DC-Nuovo PSI) | 285,744 | 0.75 | 4 | | Social Alternative (Alternativa Sociale) | 256,997 | 0.67 | 0 | | Tricolour Flame (Fiamma Tricolore) | 231,743 | 0.61 | 0 | | No Euro Movement (No Euro) | 58,757 | 0.15 | 0 | | United Pensioners (Pensionati Uniti) | 28,317 | 0.07 | 0 | | Environmental List-Ecological Democrats (Ambienta-Lista-Ecologisti Democratici) | 17,574 | 0.05 | 0 | | Forza Italia-National Alliance (Forza Italia-Alleanza Nazionale) | 13,372 | 0.03 | 0 | | Italian Liberal Party (Partito Liberale Italiano) | 12,334 | 0.03 | 0 | | S.O.S. Italy (S.O.S. Italia) | 6,956 | 0.02 | 0 | | For Italy in the World with Tremaglia (Partito per Italia nel mondo con Tremaglia) | | | abroad: 1 | | Other Parties | | | 1 | Italian Association in South America (Associazioni Italiane in Sud America) | | | abroad: 1 | | Progetto Nordest | 92,079 | 0.24 | 0 | | All other parties | 81,184 | 0.21 | 0 | | Total | | | 630 | | | | 630 | ↑ Includes bonus seats allocated to largest coalition, according to the new electoral system A lower house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the upper house. ...
Chamber of Deputies or Camera dei Deputati, one house of the bicameral parliamentary system, seats 630 members of which 475 are directly elected and 155 by regional proportional representation. ...
Image File history File links Logo_unione. ...
LUnione (The Union in English) is an Italian left-wing coalition of parties. ...
For the Italian political alliance see Olive Tree, and the color, olive (color). ...
Democrats of the Left (Italian: Democratici di Sinistra) is the main Italian left-wing political party, part of the Ulivo electoral coalition. ...
Daisy-Democracy is Freedom (full name in Italian: Democrazia è Libertà – La Margherita: Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy) is a centrist political Party in Italy. ...
The European Republican Movement (Italian: Movimento Repubblicani Europei) of Italy is a small center left liberal party, part of the Olive Tree coalition and the ALDE group in the European Parliament. ...
The Communist Refoundation Party (Italian: Partito della Rifondazione Comunista) is an Italian reformed communist party. ...
The Rose in the Fist is an Italian political federation of parties founded in 2005. ...
The Italian Democratic Socialists (Italian: Socialisti Democratici Italiani), or SDI, is a small social democratic party of moderate-left policies, heir of the old Italian Socialist Party and led by Enrico Boselli. ...
Italian Radicals (Radicali Italiani) is an Italian political group that describes itself as a liberal, liberista and libertarian political movement. ...
The Party of Italian Communists (Italian: Partito dei Comunisti Italiani, also translated into English as Italian Communists Party) is a political party in Italy. ...
Italy of Values (Italian: Italia dei Valori, also known as Lista Di Pietro) is a liberal party and anti-corruption political movement in Italy, headed by former magistrate and Mani Pulite campaigner Antonio Di Pietro. ...
The Federation of the Greens (Federazione dei Verdi, or just Verdi) is the Italian Green Party. ...
The Popular-UDEUR (Italian: Popolari-UDEUR) is a small centrist political party in Italy, led by Clemente Mastella. ...
The Pensioners Party of Italy (Italian: Partito Pensionati) is led by Carlo Fatuzzo. ...
The South Tyrolese Peoples Party (German: Südtiroler Volkspartei) was founded 1945 and is a political party in the South Tyrol region of Italy. ...
The Socialists (Italian: I Socialisti) is a minor Italian political party, born in February 7, 2006, as split of the Socialist Party New PSI wing favourable to a political alliance with The Union and an immediate discontinuance to the ties with the House of Freedoms. ...
The Consumers List (Italian: Lista Consumatori) is a political party in Italy. ...
The League for Autonomy-Lombard Alliance of Italy (Italian: Lega Alleanza Lombarda) is a political party in Italy, especially in the region of Lombardy. ...
Autonomy Liberty Democracy (French: Autonomie Liberté Démocratie) is a political party in Italy, active in Val dAosta. ...
The Aosta Valley (in French: Vallée dAoste, Italian: Valle dAosta, Arpitan: Val dOuta) is a mountainous region in north-western Italy. ...
Liga Fronte Veneto is a splinter party of the Northern League which claims independence from Italy for the Veneto. ...
LUnione (The Union in English) is an Italian left-wing coalition of parties. ...
Image File history File links Logo_House_Of_Freedoms. ...
Casa delle Libertà , or House of Freedoms in English, is an Italian right of center party alliance led by national media tycoon Silvio Berlusconi. ...
Forza Italia is an Italian political party. ...
National Alliance (Italian: Alleanza Nazionale, often shortened to AN) is a right-wing Italian political party. ...
The Union of Christian and Centre Democrats (Italian: Unione dei Democratici Cristiani e dei Democratici di Centro), commonly abbrieviated to UDC, is a political party in Italy formed by a merger of the former Christian Democratic Centre (CCD, led by Pierferdinando Casini from 1994 to 2001, then by Marco Follini...
The Northern League (Italian: Lega Nord) is an Italian political party which advocates autonomy for that part of Northern Italy which they call Padania. ...
The Movement for Autonomy (Italian: Movimento per lAutonomia or MPA) is a minor Italian political party, founded on April 30, 2005 by a number of Southern Italian, especially Sicilian, centre-of-right autonomist dissidents, notably from Democrats Centre Union and National Alliance. ...
The Northern League (Italian: Lega Nord) is an Italian political party which advocates autonomy for that part of Northern Italy which they call Padania. ...
The Movement for Autonomy (Italian: Movimento per lAutonomia or MPA) is a minor Italian political party, founded on April 30, 2005 by a number of Southern Italian, especially Sicilian, centre-of-right autonomist dissidents, notably from Democrats Centre Union and National Alliance. ...
Christian Democracy for the Autonomies (Italian: Democrazia Cristiana per le Autonomie), often referred to as New DC (Nuova DC), is a minor centrist political party founded in 2005 by former Democrats Centre Union MP Gianfranco Rotondi. ...
The Partito Socialista – Nuovo PSI (NPSI) is a small Italian party which professes a social-democratic ideology and claims to be the successor to the old Italian Socialist Party, which was disbanded after the judiciary tempest of the early 1990s (see Mani Pulite). ...
Christian Democracy for the Autonomies (Italian: Democrazia Cristiana per le Autonomie), often referred to as New DC (Nuova DC), is a minor centrist political party founded in 2005 by former Democrats Centre Union MP Gianfranco Rotondi. ...
The Partito Socialista – Nuovo PSI (NPSI) is a small Italian party which professes a social-democratic ideology and claims to be the successor to the old Italian Socialist Party, which was disbanded after the judiciary tempest of the early 1990s (see Mani Pulite). ...
Alternativa Sociale (English language: Social Alternative) is an Italian political coalition of neo-fascist parties. ...
Azione Sociale (Social Action), previously known as Libertà di Azione (Freedom of Action), is an Italian extremely-conservative and neo-fascist political party, led by Alessandra Mussolini, and a splinter group from Alleanza Nazionale. ...
Fronte Sociale Nazionale is an Italian far right political party. ...
Forza Nuova (New Force) is an Italian nationalist and neo-fascist movement, a member of the European National Front. ...
The Movimento Sociale Fiamma Tricolore is a hardline Italian right-wing party. ...
The No Euro Movement is a small political party that aims to remove the Euro as the Italian currency, returning to the Italian lira, and advocates governmental control of the Italian Central Bank. ...
The United Pensioners of Italy (Italian: Pensionati Uniti) is a political party in Italy. ...
The Environmental List-Ecological Democrats of Italy (Italian: Ambienta-Lista-Ecologisti Democratici) is a political party in Italy. ...
The Italian Liberal Party (Italian: Partito Liberale Italiano, PLI) was an Italian free market liberal party. ...
The S.O.S. Italy (Italian: ) is a political party in Italy. ...
The For Italy in the World with Tremaglia (Italian: Partito per Italia nel mondo con Tremaglia) is a political party in Italy, active with voters living abroad. ...
AISA symbol The Italian Association in South America (Italian: Associazioni Italiane in Sud America) is an Italian political party. ...
To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
Source: Interior Ministry of Italy, Votes, Seats
Senate (of the Republic) ("Senato della Repubblica") (Upper house) edit
Breakdown of the 9–10 April 2006 Italian Senate election results (percentages exclude overseas ballots) | Coalitions | Votes | % | Seats | Parties inside coalitions | Votes | % | Seats |
The Union
(L'Unione) | 17,141,937 | 49.25 | 158 | Democrats of the Left (Democratici di Sinistra) | 5,977,313 | 17.17 | 62 | | Daisy-Democracy is Freedom (Margherita - Democrazia è Libertà) | 3,664,622 | 10.53 | 39 | | Communist Refoundation Party (Rifondazione Comunista) | 2,518,624 | 7.24 | 27 | | Together with the Union (Insieme con L'Unione) | 1,423,226 | 4.09 | 11 | | Italy of Values (Italia dei Valori) | 986,046 | 2.83 | 4 | | Rose in the Fist (Rosa nel Pugno) | 851,875 | 2.45 | 0 | | Popular-UDEUR (Popolari-UDEUR) | 476,938 | 1.37 | 3 | | Pensioners' Party (Partito dei Pensionati) | 357,731 | 1.03 | 0 | | The Union-South Tyrolese People's Party [25] | 198,153 | 0.57 | 3 | | The Socialists (I Socialisti) | 126,625 | 0.36 | 0 | | League for Autonomy-Lombard Alliance (Lega Alleanza Lombarda) [26] | 90,943 | 0.26 | 0 | | South Tyrolese People's Party (Südtiroler Volkspartei) [27] | 117,500 | 0.34 | 2 | | Consumers' List (Lista Consumatori) | 72,139 | 0.21 | 1 | | Olive Tree (L'Ulivo) [28] | 59,499 | 0.17 | 1 | | Italian Democratic Socialist Party (Partito Socialista Democratico Italiano) | 57,339 | 0.16 | 0 | | European Republican Movement (Movimento Repubblicani Europei) | 51,001 | 0.15 | 0 | | Autonomy Liberty Democracy (Autonomie Liberté Démocratie) [29] | 32,553 | 0.09 | 1 | | The Union (L'Unione) [30] | 27,629 | 0.07 | 0 | | | abroad: 4 | | Aosta Valley (Vallèe d'Aoste) [31] | 23,573 | 0.07 | 0 | | Veneto Front League (Liga Fronte Veneto) [32] | 23,209 | 0.07 | 0 | | United Democratic Christians (Democratici Cristiani Uniti) | 5,399 | 0.02 | 0 |
House of Freedoms
(Casa delle Libertà) | 17,359,754 | 49.87 | 156 | Forza Italia | 8,201,688 | 23.56 | 78 | | | abroad: 1 | | National Alliance (Alleanza Nazionale) | 4,234,693 | 12.17 | 41 | | Union of Christian and Centre Democrats (Unione dei Democratici Cristiani e dei Democratici di Centro) | 2,311,448 | 6.64 | 21 | | Northern League-Movement for Autonomy | 1,531,939 | 4.40 | 13 | | Social Alternative (Alternativa Sociale) | 215,668 | 0.62 | 0 | | Tricolour Flame (Fiamma Tricolore) | 219,707 | 0.63 | 0 | | Christian Democracy-New PSI (DC-Nuovo PSI) | 190,724 | 0.55 | 0 | | House of Freedoms (Casa delle Libertà) [33] | 175,137 | 0.50 | 2 | | United Pensioners (Pensionati Uniti) | 61,824 | 0.18 | 0 | | Italian Republican Party (Partito Repubblicano Italiano) | 45,133 | 0.13 | 0 | | Environmental List-Ecological Democrats (Ambienta-Lista - Ecologisti Democratici) | 37,656 | 0.11 | 0 | | New Sicily (Nuova Sicilia) [34] | 33,437 | 0.10 | 0 | | No Euro Movement (No Euro) | 30,515 | 0.09 | 0 | | Pact for Sicily (Patto per la Sicilia) [35] | 20,833 | 0.06 | 0 | | Italian Liberal Party (Partito Liberale Italiano) | 15,762 | 0.05 | 0 | | Forza Italia-National Alliance (Forza Italia-Alleanza Nazionale) [36] | 11,505 | 0.03 | 0 | | Christian Extended Pact (Patto Cristiano Esteso) | 9,730 | 0.03 | 0 | | Liberal Reformers (Riformatori Liberali) | 7,668 | 0.02 | 0 | | S.O.S. Italy (S.O.S. Italia) | 4,963 | 0.01 | 0 | | Other parties | | | 1 | Italian Association in South America (Associazioni Italiane in Sud America) [37] | | | abroad: 1 | | North-East Project (Progetto Nordest) [38] | 93,159 | 0.27 | 0 | | Sicilian Alliance (Alleanza Siciliana) [39] | 36,160 | 0.10 | 0 | | Marxist-Leninist Italian Communist Party (Partito Comunista Italiano Marxista-Leninista) [40] | 26,029 | 0.08 | 0 | | Pensions and Labour (Pensioni e Lavoro)[41] | 19,765 | 0.06 | 0 | | All other parties | 132,231 | 0.38 | 0 | | Total | | | 315 | | | | 315 | Source: Interior Ministry of Italy, Votes, Seats An upper house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the lower house. ...
The Italian Senate (Italian: Senato della Repubblica, Senate of the Republic) is the upper house of the Parliament of Italy. ...
Image File history File links Logo_unione. ...
LUnione (The Union in English) is an Italian left-wing coalition of parties. ...
Democrats of the Left (Italian: Democratici di Sinistra) is the main Italian left-wing political party, part of the Ulivo electoral coalition. ...
Daisy-Democracy is Freedom (full name in Italian: Democrazia è Libertà – La Margherita: Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy) is a centrist political Party in Italy. ...
The Communist Refoundation Party (Italian: Partito della Rifondazione Comunista) is an Italian reformed communist party. ...
The Federation of the Greens (Federazione dei Verdi, or just Verdi) is the Italian Green Party. ...
The Party of Italian Communists (Italian: Partito dei Comunisti Italiani, also translated into English as Italian Communists Party) is a political party in Italy. ...
The United Consumers (Italian: Consumatori Uniti) is a political party in Italy. ...
Italy of Values (Italian: Italia dei Valori, also known as Lista Di Pietro) is a liberal party and anti-corruption political movement in Italy, headed by former magistrate and Mani Pulite campaigner Antonio Di Pietro. ...
The Rose in the Fist is an Italian political federation of parties founded in 2005. ...
The Italian Democratic Socialists (Italian: Socialisti Democratici Italiani), or SDI, is a small social democratic party of moderate-left policies, heir of the old Italian Socialist Party and led by Enrico Boselli. ...
Italian Radicals (Radicali Italiani) is an Italian political group that describes itself as a liberal, liberista and libertarian political movement. ...
The Popular-UDEUR (Italian: Popolari-UDEUR) is a small centrist political party in Italy, led by Clemente Mastella. ...
The Pensioners Party of Italy (Italian: Partito Pensionati) is led by Carlo Fatuzzo. ...
LUnione (The Union in English) is an Italian left-wing coalition of parties. ...
The South Tyrolese Peoples Party (German: Südtiroler Volkspartei) was founded 1945 and is a political party in the South Tyrol region of Italy. ...
The Socialists (Italian: I Socialisti) is a minor Italian political party, born in February 7, 2006, as split of the Socialist Party New PSI wing favourable to a political alliance with The Union and an immediate discontinuance to the ties with the House of Freedoms. ...
The League for Autonomy-Lombard Alliance of Italy (Italian: Lega Alleanza Lombarda) is a political party in Italy, especially in the region of Lombardy. ...
The South Tyrolese Peoples Party (German: Südtiroler Volkspartei) was founded 1945 and is a political party in the South Tyrol region of Italy. ...
The Consumers List (Italian: Lista Consumatori) is a political party in Italy. ...
For the Italian political alliance see Olive Tree, and the color, olive (color). ...
The Italian Democratic Socialists (Italian: Socialisti Democratici Italiani), or SDI, is a small social democratic party of moderate-left policies, heir of the old Italian Socialist Party and led by Enrico Boselli. ...
The European Republican Movement (Italian: Movimento Repubblicani Europei) of Italy is a small center left liberal party, part of the Olive Tree coalition and the ALDE group in the European Parliament. ...
Autonomy Liberty Democracy (French: Autonomie Liberté Démocratie) is a political party in Italy, active in Val dAosta. ...
LUnione (The Union in English) is an Italian left-wing coalition of parties. ...
The Valdotanian Union (Union Valdotaine) is a regionalist political party in Italy, Val dAosta. ...
Liga Fronte Veneto is a splinter party of the Northern League which claims independence from Italy for the Veneto. ...
The United Democratic Christians (Italian: Democratici Cristiani Uniti) is a political party in Italy. ...
Image File history File links Logo_House_Of_Freedoms. ...
Casa delle Libertà , or House of Freedoms in English, is an Italian right of center party alliance led by national media tycoon Silvio Berlusconi. ...
Forza Italia is an Italian political party. ...
National Alliance (Italian: Alleanza Nazionale, often shortened to AN) is a right-wing Italian political party. ...
The Union of Christian and Centre Democrats (Italian: Unione dei Democratici Cristiani e dei Democratici di Centro), commonly abbrieviated to UDC, is a political party in Italy formed by a merger of the former Christian Democratic Centre (CCD, led by Pierferdinando Casini from 1994 to 2001, then by Marco Follini...
The Northern League (Italian: Lega Nord) is an Italian political party which advocates autonomy for that part of Northern Italy which they call Padania. ...
The Movement for Autonomy (Italian: Movimento per lAutonomia or MPA) is a minor Italian political party, founded on April 30, 2005 by a number of Southern Italian, especially Sicilian, centre-of-right autonomist dissidents, notably from Democrats Centre Union and National Alliance. ...
The Northern League (Italian: Lega Nord) is an Italian political party which advocates autonomy for that part of Northern Italy which they call Padania. ...
The Movement for Autonomy (Italian: Movimento per lAutonomia or MPA) is a minor Italian political party, founded on April 30, 2005 by a number of Southern Italian, especially Sicilian, centre-of-right autonomist dissidents, notably from Democrats Centre Union and National Alliance. ...
Alternativa Sociale (English language: Social Alternative) is an Italian political coalition of neo-fascist parties. ...
Azione Sociale (Social Action), previously known as Libertà di Azione (Freedom of Action), is an Italian extremely-conservative and neo-fascist political party, led by Alessandra Mussolini, and a splinter group from Alleanza Nazionale. ...
Fronte Sociale Nazionale is an Italian far right political party. ...
Forza Nuova (New Force) is an Italian nationalist and neo-fascist movement, a member of the European National Front. ...
The Movimento Sociale Fiamma Tricolore is a hardline Italian right-wing party. ...
Christian Democracy for the Autonomies (Italian: Democrazia Cristiana per le Autonomie), often referred to as New DC (Nuova DC), is a minor centrist political party founded in 2005 by former Democrats Centre Union MP Gianfranco Rotondi. ...
The Partito Socialista – Nuovo PSI (NPSI) is a small Italian party which professes a social-democratic ideology and claims to be the successor to the old Italian Socialist Party, which was disbanded after the judiciary tempest of the early 1990s (see Mani Pulite). ...
Christian Democracy for the Autonomies (Italian: Democrazia Cristiana per le Autonomie), often referred to as New DC (Nuova DC), is a minor centrist political party founded in 2005 by former Democrats Centre Union MP Gianfranco Rotondi. ...
The Partito Socialista – Nuovo PSI (NPSI) is a small Italian party which professes a social-democratic ideology and claims to be the successor to the old Italian Socialist Party, which was disbanded after the judiciary tempest of the early 1990s (see Mani Pulite). ...
Casa delle Libertà , or House of Freedoms in English, is an Italian right of center party alliance led by national media tycoon Silvio Berlusconi. ...
The United Pensioners of Italy (Italian: Pensionati Uniti) is a political party in Italy. ...
The Italian Republican Party (Partito Repubblicano Italiano) is an old left liberal party in Italy, with roots to Giuseppe Mazzini. ...
The Environmental List-Ecological Democrats of Italy (Italian: Ambienta-Lista-Ecologisti Democratici) is a political party in Italy. ...
New Sicily (Italian: Nuova Sicilia) is a political party in Italy. ...
The No Euro Movement is a small political party that aims to remove the Euro as the Italian currency, returning to the Italian lira, and advocates governmental control of the Italian Central Bank. ...
The Pact for Sicily (Italian: Patto per la Sicilia) is a political party in Italy. ...
The Italian Liberal Party (Italian: Partito Liberale Italiano, PLI) was an Italian free market liberal party. ...
Forza Italia is an Italian political party. ...
This article refers to the United States-based organization. ...
The Christian Extended Pact (Italian: Patto Cristiano Esteso) is a political party in Italy. ...
Liberal Reformers is a party founded in 2005 by a split from Italian Radicals of those radicals that were against the alliance with Italian Democratic Socialists. ...
The S.O.S. Italy (Italian: ) is a political party in Italy. ...
AISA symbol The Italian Association in South America (Italian: Associazioni Italiane in Sud America) is an Italian political party. ...
The North-East Project is a strongly autonomist and federalist party founded in Veneto in 2004 by Giorgio Panto, former members of the Liga Veneta-Northern League and former members of Liga Fronte Veneto, as former leader and Venetist historian Ettore Beggiato. ...
Marxist-Leninist Italian Communist Party (in Italian: Partito Comunista Italiano Marxista-Leninista, PCIM-L) is a small communist party in Italy. ...
- ↑ Present only in Trentino-South Tyrol
- ↑ Present only in Lombardy
- ↑ Present only abroad and in Trentino-South Tyrol
- ↑ Present only in Campania
- ↑ Present only in Molise
- ↑ Present only in Aosta Valley
- ↑ Present only in Veneto
- ↑ Present only in Sicily
- ↑ Present only abroad
Note: 7 Senators a vita (for life): Francesco Cossiga (Former Italian President), Oscar Luigi Scalfaro (Former Italian President), Giulio Andreotti (Former Italian Prime Minister), Rita Levi Montalcini (Nobel Prize winner for Medicine 1986), Emilio Colombo (Former Italian Prime Minister), Giorgio Napolitano (Former President of Italian Chamber of Deputies and Former Leader of Communist Party), Sergio Pininfarina. Trentino-South Tyrol (German and Ladin: Trentino-Südtirol, Italian: Trentino-Alto Adige) is an Autonomic Region in Northern Italy. ...
Lombardy (Italian: Lombardia) is a region in northern Italy between the Alps and the Po river valley. ...
Campania is a region of Southern Italy, bordering on Lazio to the north-west, Molise to the north, Puglia to the north-east, Basilicata to the east, and the Tyrrhenian Sea to the west. ...
Molise is a region of central Italy, the second smallest of the regions. ...
The Aosta Valley (in French: Vallée dAoste, Italian: Valle dAosta, Arpitan: Val dOuta) is a mountainous region in north-western Italy. ...
Vèneto is one of the twenty Regions of Italy. ...
Sicily (Sicilia in Italian and Sicilian) is an autonomous region of Italy and the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, with an area of 25,700 sq. ...
Francesco Cossiga Francesco Cossiga (born July 26, 1928) is an Italian politician and former President of Italy. ...
Giulio Andreotti Giulio Andreotti (born in Rome, 14 January 1919) is an Italian political figure, among the most powerful in post-war Italy. ...
Rita Levi-Montalcini. ...
List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physiology or Medicine from 1901 to the present day. ...
1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Emilio Colombo (born April 14, 1920) was an Italian diplomat and politician. ...
Giorgio Napolitano (born June 29, 1925 in Naples) is an Italian politician and lifetime Senator. ...
Sergio Pininfarina is a famed automobile designer, like his father, Battista Pininfarina. ...
Vote Count Controversy Although The Union led initial exit polls and was quickly expected to win the election, the gap with House of Freedoms narrowed as the votes were tabluated. The initial Interior Ministry results showed that Prodi had won the Chamber of Deputies by 25,204 votes, and Prodi declared victory on April 11. Berlusconi, however, refused to concede, claiming discrepancies in the vote counting process, with 43,028 Chamber ballots and 39,822 Senate ballots to be re-checked by the Interior Ministry. Berlusconi also claims problems with the abroad vote, which was critical in giving L'Unione a majority in the Senate. Five ballot boxes were also found on the streets in Rome after the election.[29] On April 14, however, the Interior Ministry announced that there have been a mistake in the communication of the number of ballots to be rechecked and it will only be checking 2,131 Chamber ballots and 3,135 Senate ballots (reducing the total number of disputed ballots from the over 80,000 initially reported to just over 5,000). The result of this check added only few hundred votes to both coalition. Analysts also believe that the abroad vote was so overwhelmingly in favour of L'Unione that it would be highly unlikely to be overturned in Berlusconi's favour.[30] April 11 is the 101st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (102nd in leap years). ...
April 14 is the 104th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (105th in leap years). ...
References - ↑ Centre-left claims Italy victory, BBC News
- ↑ (Italian) Ciampi: "Meglio votare in anticipo" Casini: "Una scelta di buonsenso", La Repubblica
- ↑ (Italian) Berlusconi al Quirinale da Ciampi "Sulle elezioni è stato frainteso", La Repubblica
- ↑ (Italian) Prodi: "Si voti il 9 aprile per Politiche e amministrative", Centro Movimenti
- ↑ (Italian) Berlusconi a Prodi: «No all'election day», Corriere della Sera
- ↑ (Italian) Berlusconi parla ai giovani di FI "La par condicio legge bavaglio", La Repubblica
- ↑ (Italian) Berlusconi accelera sulla par condicio Ma Casini dice: "Non sono d'accordo", La Repubblica
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ (Italian) Udc, Cesa nuovo segretario "No a modifiche della par condicio", La Repubblica
- ↑ Berlusconi: West Superior to Islam, Radio Netherlands
- ↑ Fit to run Italy?, The Economist
- ↑ Italy and the EU, The Economist
- ↑ A capo's annual report, The Economist/Ivo Forni
- ↑ (Italian) Come cambia la Costituzione, La Repubblica
- ↑ (Italian) Rutelli: "Riforme, pagina nera", Fassino: "Pronti al referendum", La Repubblica
- ↑ (Italian) Riforme, la Camera approva esultano i leader del Polo, La Repubblica
- ↑ (Italian)Dal Senato ok alla Riforma tra le proteste dell'Unione, La Repubblica
- ↑ (Italian) La Camera approva la Devolution Berlusconi: "Ottima riforma", La Repubblica
- ↑ (Italian) Devolution, dal Senato sì definitivo L'Unione: "Un danno per il Paese", La Repubblica
- ↑ (Italian) Unione, accordo per le primarie Prodi: "Grande prova di democrazia", La Repubblica
- ↑ Pole Agrees to Go Back to Proportional Vote, Corriere della Sera
- ↑ (Italian) Dalla vittoria alla sconfitta la riforma "scippa" l'Unione, La Repubblica
- ↑ [2], Reuters
- ↑ (Italian) Legge elettorale, accordo nella Cdl Unione insorge: "Blocchiamo le Camere", La Repubblica
- ↑ (Italian) Nessun blitz prima delle elezioni, DS Milano
- ↑ (Italian)[3]
- ↑ Italy deputies back voting reform, BBC News
- ↑ (Italian) Ciampi ha firmato la legge elettorale, Corriere della Sera
- ↑ Italy in limbo over vote counting, BBC News
- ↑ Italian poll result set to stand, BBC News
The current BBC News logo BBC News and Current Affairs (sometimes abbreviated BBC NCA) is a major arm of the BBC responsible for the corporations newsgathering and production of news programmes on BBC television, radio and online. ...
La Repubblica is one of the best-known Italian daily newspapers, and has recently surpassed Corriere della Sera in sales, becoming #1 [1]. It was founded in 1976 in Rome by Eugenio Scalfari and it has since kept a moderately progressive political stance (much like the Independent in the UK). ...
Corriere della Sera is the leading Italian daily newspaper printed in Milan. ...
Radio Netherlands (RNW, short for Radio Nederland Wereldomroep in Dutch) is a public radio and television network based in Hilversum, producing and transmitting programmes for international audiences outside the Netherlands. ...
The Economist is a weekly news and international affairs publication of The Economist Newspaper Limited in London. ...
Reuters Group plc LSE: RTR NASDAQ: RTRSY is best known as a news service that provides reports from around the world to newspapers and broadcasters. ...
External links
See also
Elections in Italy gives information on election and election results in Italy. ...
After World War II and the overthrow of Mussolinis fascist regime, Italys history was dominated by the Democrazia Cristiana (DC - Christian-Democrats) party for fourty years, until the Tangentopoli scandal and operation Mani pulite, which led to the dissolving of most of the Italian parties. ...
Politics of Italy takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the Prime Minister of Italy is the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. ...
Elections to the European Parliament were held in Italy on June 13, 2004. ...
|
Feeds |
Contact