Coordinates: 38°26′N 27°09′E Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

İzmir
Clock tower in Konak square
Symbol of İzmir Municipality
Map
Location in Turkey
Province
Population	3,500,000 [] (2005)
Area	km²
Population density	/km²
Elevation	25 m
Coordinates	38°26′ N 27°09′ E
Postal code	35x xx
Area code	0232
Licence plate code	35
Mayor	Aziz Kocaoğlu (Republican People's Party)
Website	http://www.izmir.bel.tr/

İzmir (Greek: Σμύρνη, Armenian: Zmyurnia) is the third most populous city of Turkey and the country's largest port after İstanbul. It is located on the Aegean Sea near the Gulf of İzmir. It is the capital of İzmir Province. The city of İzmir is composed of 9 metropolitan districts (Balçova, Bornova, Buca, Çiğli, Gaziemir, Güzelbahçe, Karşıyaka, Konak and Narlıdere) and the 2000 population of this urban zone was 2,409,000. (2005 est. 3,500,000). Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x768, 332 KB) Summary Clock tower in Konak, Izmir. ... Konak is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Bullet for locations in Ireland, displays location and not area. ... Image File history File links Izmirb-logo. ... Bullet for locations in Ireland, displays location and not area. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Provinces of Turkey are called iller in Turkish (singular is il, see Turkish alphabet for capitalization of i). ... Area is a physical quantity expressing the size of a part of a surface. ... Basic Definition In geography, the elevation of a geographic location is its height above mean sea level (or some other fixed point). ... See Cartesian coordinate system or Coordinates (elementary mathematics) for a more elementary introduction to this topic. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Turkish car number plates are license plates found on Turkish vehicles. ... A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning larger,greater) is in modern times the title of the highest ranking municipal officer, who discharges certain judicial and administrative functions, in many systems an elected politician, who serves as chief executive and/or ceremonial official of many types of municipalities. ... The Republican Peoples Party (Turkish: Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi or CHP) is a social democratic and secular Turkish nationalist political party in Turkey. ... Website - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Istanbul (other names) is Turkeys most populous city, and its cultural and economic center. ... The Aegean Sea. ... The Gulf of Ä°zmir, formerly known as the Gulf of Smyrna, is an inlet of the Aegean Sea. ... Shows the Location of the Province Ä°zmir Ä°zmir is a province of Turkey in the western Anatolia on the Aegean coast. ... Provinces of Turkey are called iller in Turkish (singular is il, see Turkish alphabet for capitalization of i). ... Balçova is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Bornova is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Buca is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... ÇiÄŸli is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Gaziemir is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Güzelbahçe is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Karsiyaka,Izmir Karsiyaka, a suburb of Izmir, in Izmir province, situated north of the Gulf of Izmir, an inlet of the Aegean Sea, Karsiyaka borders an industrial zone and a shipping yard to the east and a large forested area to the north. ... Konak is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Narlıdere is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... This article is about the year 2000. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Etymology

The name of a locality called Ti-smurna is mentioned in some of the Level II tablets from the Assyrian colony in Kültepe (first half of the 2nd millennium B.C.), with the prefix ti- identifying a proper name, although it is not established with certainty that this name refers to İzmir.^[1] Some would see in the city's name a reference to the name of an Amazon called Smirna. The oldest Greek rendering of the city's name we know is the Aeolic Greek Μύῥρα Mýrrha, corresponding to the later Ionian and Attic Σμύρνη Smýrnē, both presumably descendants of a Proto-Greek form *Smúrnā. Relief from Assyrian capital of Dur Sharrukin, showing transport of Lebanese cedar (8th c. ... Kültepe is the modern Turkish name for an ancient city in central eastern Anatolia, also called Kârum Kanesh merchant-colony city of Kanes in Assyrian (rendered Karum KaniÅŸ in Turkish). ... In Greek mythology, the , Amazons were either an ancient legendary nation of female warriors or a land dominated by women at the outer edges of their known world. ... Aeolic Greek is a linguistic term used to describe a set of rather archaic Greek sub-dialects, spoken mainly in Boeotia (a region in Central Greece), in Lesbos (an island close to Asia Minor) and in other Greek colonies. ... Ionic Greek was a sub-dialect of the Attic-Ionic dialectal group of Ancient Greek (see Greek dialects). ... Attic Greek is the ancient dialect of the Greek language that was spoken in Attica, which includes Athens. ... The Proto-Greek language is the common ancestor of the Greek dialects, including the Mycenean language, the classical Greek dialects Attic-Ionic, Aeolic, Doric and North-Western Greek, and ultimately the Koine and Modern Greek. ...

Smyrna is the Greek name of the Myrrha commifera shrub, also known as the dindin tree, a plant that produces the aromatic resin called myrrh and is indigenous to the Middle East and northeastern Africa. The Romans took this name over as Smyrna which is the name used in English for the pre-Turkish periods. The name İzmir is the Turkish version of the same name. 100g of Myrrh. ... A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ... For other uses, see Africa (disambiguation). ... The Roman Empire was a phase of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by an autocratic form of government. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...

History

Ancient age

The city is one of the oldest cities of the Mediterranean basin. Until recently, the original urban site was thought to be established in the 3rd millennium B.C. on a small hill (possibly an island at that time) in the northernmost corner of the gulf's end (in present day Bayraklı, Karşıyaka) making it one of the most advanced cultures in Anatolia of its time (on a par with Troy). But the recent discovery (2004) of two höyük (mound), very close to each other (Yeşilova and Yassıtepe), situated more to south (dotted in red in the image below) in the plain of Bornova, and the findings of the first season of excavations carried out in the Yeşilova Höyük in 2005 by a team of archaeologists from İzmir's Ege University under the direction of Associate Professor Zafer Derin, resets the starting date of the city's history three millenia back in time. Indeed, the mound contains three levels, first of which is a loose tissue of occupation from the late Roman-early Byzantine periods, while the Level 2 bears traces of early to mid-Chalcolithic, and the Level 3 of Neolithic settlements, with continuity. These two levels would have been inhabited, very roughly, between 6500 to 4000 BCE. With the seashore drawing away in time, the place had been transformed into a cemetery (several graves containing artefacts dating, roughly, from 3000 BCE were found [2]). Satellite image The Mediterranean Sea is a part of the Atlantic Ocean almost completely enclosed by land, on the north by Europe, on the south by Africa, and on the east by Asia. ... The Gulf of Ä°zmir, formerly known as the Gulf of Smyrna, is an inlet of the Aegean Sea. ... Karsiyaka,Izmir Karsiyaka, a suburb of Izmir, in Izmir province, situated north of the Gulf of Izmir, an inlet of the Aegean Sea, Karsiyaka borders an industrial zone and a shipping yard to the east and a large forested area to the north. ... Asia Minor lies east of the Bosporus, between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. ... Walls of the excavated city of Troy Troy (Ancient Greek Τροία Troia, also Ίλιον Ilion; Latin: Troia, Ilium) is a legendary city, center of the Trojan War, described in the Trojan War cycle, especially in the Iliad, one of the two epic poems attributed to Homer. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Bornova is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Ege University (or Aegean University; Ege Ãœniversitesi in Turkish) is a public university in Ä°zmir, Turkey. ... The Roman Empire was a phase of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by an autocratic form of government. ... Byzantine Empire (native Greek name: - Basileia tōn Romaiōn) is the term conventionally used since the 19th century to describe the Greek-speaking Roman Empire of the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... The Chalcolithic (Greek khalkos + lithos copper stone) period, also known as the Eneolithic (Aeneolithic) or Copper Age period, is a phase in the development of human culture in which the use of early metal tools appeared alongside the use of stone tools. ... An array of Neolithic artefacts, including bracelets, axe heads, chisels, and polishing tools Excavated dwellings at Skara Brae Scotland, Europes most complete Neolithic village. ...

The location of Yeşilova-Yassıtepe mounds; source: Ege University.

Possibly in connection with the silt brought by the five torrents that join the sea along the straight coastline of the gulf's end (clockwise, the Bornova, Laka, Manda, Arap and Meles brooks), the settlement known as Myrrha, and that later formed the core of Old Smyrna was founded more to north, on the Bayraklı hill, in the 3rd millennium BCE. The presence of a vineyard of İzmir's Wine and Beer Factory on this hill called Tepekule prevented the urbanization of the site and facilitated the excavations that started in the 1960s by Ekrem Akurgal. Image File history File links YeÅŸilovaHöyüğü.jpg Summary location of the YeÅŸilova Mound (source&permission: Aegean University Excavation Team) Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links YeÅŸilovaHöyüğü.jpg Summary location of the YeÅŸilova Mound (source&permission: Aegean University Excavation Team) Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Ege University (or Aegean University; Ege Ãœniversitesi in Turkish) is a public university in Ä°zmir, Turkey. ... The Gulf of Ä°zmir, formerly known as the Gulf of Smyrna, is an inlet of the Aegean Sea. ... Professor Ekrem Akurgal was, during a career that spanned more than fifty years, a prominent and internationally famous Turkish archaeologist, who has conducted marking research in several sites along the western coast of Anatolia such as Phokaia (Foça), Pitane (Çandarlı), Erythrai (Ildırı) and old Smyrna (the Bayraklı tumulus...

By 1500 BCE, old Smyrna had fallen under the influence of the Central Anatolian Hittite Empire. The Hittites possessed a written language and mentioned several localities in the area in their records. (Redirected from 1500 BCE) Centuries: 17th century BC - 16th century BC - 15th century BC Decades: 1550s BC 1540s BC 1530s BC 1520s BC 1510s BC - 1500s BC - 1490s BC 1480s BC 1470s BC 1460s BC 1450s BC Events and Trends Stonehenge built in Wiltshire, England The element Mercury has been... Relief of Suppiluliuma II, last known king of the Hittite Empire Hittites is the conventional English-language term for an ancient people who spoke an Indo-European language and established a kingdom centered in Hattusa (Hittite URU) in north-central Anatolia from the 18th century BC. In the 14th century...

However, in 1200s BCE, invasions from the Balkans destroyed Troy VII and Hattusas, the capital of the Central Anatolian Hittite Empire. Central and Western Anatolia fell back into a Dark Age that lasted till the emergence of the Phrygian civilization in the 8th century BCE. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Walls of the excavated city of Troy Troy (Ancient Greek Τροία Troia, also Ίλιον Ilion; Latin: Troia, Ilium) is a legendary city, center of the Trojan War, described in the Trojan War cycle, especially in the Iliad, one of the two epic poems attributed to Homer. ... Hattusa (also known as Hattusas or Hattush) was the capital of the Hittite Empire. ... Relief of Suppiluliuma II, last known king of the Hittite Empire Hittites is the conventional English-language term for an ancient people who spoke an Indo-European language and established a kingdom centered in Hattusa (Hittite URU) in north-central Anatolia from the 18th century BC. In the 14th century... Asia Minor lies east of the Bosporus, between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. ... The Dark Ages (or Dark Age) is a metaphor with multiple meanings and connotations. ... Phrygian can refer to: A person from Phrygia The Phrygian language This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

During the Iron Age the houses were small, one roomed buildings. The oldest house that has been unearthed is dated at 925 to 900 BCE. The walls of this well-preserved one-roomed house (2.45 x 4 m) were made of sun-dried bricks and the roof of the house was made of reeds. Around that time, people started to protect the city with thick ramparts made of sun-dried bricks. From then on Smyrna achieved an identity of city-state. About 1000 lived inside the city walls, with others living in near-by villages, where fields, olive trees, vineyards, and the workshops of potters and stonecutters were located. People generally made their living on agriculture and fishing. Iron Age Axe found on Gotland This article is about the archaeological period known as the Iron Age, for the mythological Iron Age see Iron Age (mythology). ... Centuries: 11th century BC - 10th century BC - 9th century BC Decades: 950s BC 940s BC 930s BC 920s BC 910s BC - 900s BC - 890s BC 880s BC 870s BC 860s BC 850s BC Events and trends 909 BC - Zhou xiao wang becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of China. ... An old brick wall in English bond laid with alternating courses of headers and Brick is an artificial stone made by forming clay into rectangular blocks which are hardened, either by burning in a kiln or sometimes, in warm and sunny countries, by sun-drying. ... Reed can refer to: People Alfred Reed, American composer Andre Reed, American football player for the Buffalo Bills Carol Reed, British film director David P. Reed, telecommunications expert, creator of Reeds law Davin Reed, American botanist Donna Reed, American actress Edward James Reed, Victorian era naval architect Evelyn Reed... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Separation barrier. ... A city-state is a region controlled exclusively by a city. ... The defensive wall of Braşov, Romania. ... Binomial name Olea europaea L. 19th century illustration The Olive (Olea europaea) is a species of small tree in the family Oleaceae, native to coastal areas of the eastern Mediterranean region, from Syria and the maritime parts of Asia Minor and northern Iran at the south end of the Caspian... A vineyard Vineyard with bird netting Wine grapes with netting as protection against birds A vineyard (vignoble in French, vigna or vigneto in Italian, vinha in Portuguese, viña or viñedo in Spanish, Weinberg in German) is a place where grapes are grown for making wine, raisins, or table... Fishing is the activity of hunting for fish. ...

Homer

Homer, referred to as Melesigenes which means "Child of Meles Brook" is said to have been born in Smyrna. Meles Brook is located within the city of İzmir, still carrying the same name. Aristotle recounts: "Kriteis... gives birth to Homer near Meles Brook and dies after. Maion brings this child up and names him as Melesigenes ("Child of Meles") to emphasize the place where he was born." Six other cities claimed that Homer was their countryman. These cities are Salamis, Argos, Athens, Rhodes, Colophon and Chios, but the main belief is that Homer was born in Ionia. Combined with written evidence, it is generally admitted that Smyrna and Chios puts forth the strongest arguments in Homer's claim. The Homère Caetani bust at the Louvre, a 2nd century Roman copy of a 2nd century BC Greek original. ... Aristotle (Ancient Greek: , AristotélÄ“s) (384 BC – March 7, 322 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. ... Salamis may refer to Salamis Island in the Saronic Gulf of the Aegean Sea, near Athens, Greece, where the Battle of Salamis was fought in 480 B.C.. Salamis, Cyprus, an ancient city on the east coast of Cyprus. ... Argos (Greek: Άργος, Árgos, IPA argos) is a city in Greece in the Peloponnese near Nafplio, which was its historic harbor, named for Nauplius. ... Athens (Greek: Αθήνα, Athína IPA: ) is the capital of Greece and one of the most famous cities in the world, named after goddess Athena. ... Rhodes, Greek: Ρόδος (pron. ... Colophon (Greek Κολοφών; see also list of traditional Greek place names) was a titular see of Asia Minor. ... Chios (Greek: Χίος; Turkish:Sakız); alternative transliterations Khios and Hios, see also List of traditional Greek place names) is a Greek island in the Aegean Sea 5 miles off the Turkish coasts. ... Ionia (Greek Ιωνία; see also List of traditional Greek place names) was an ancient region of southwestern coastal Anatolia (now in Turkey) on the Aegean Sea. ... For other meanings of Smyrna, see Smyrna (disambiguation). ... Chios (Greek: Χίος; Turkish:Sakız); alternative transliterations Khios and Hios, see also List of traditional Greek place names) is a Greek island in the Aegean Sea 5 miles off the Turkish coasts. ...

From the 8th century BCE

The term Old Smyrna is generally used to describe the urban settlement of Bayraklı Höyük (mound), in order to make a distinction with Smyrna re-built later on the slopes of Mount Pagos (Kadifekale today). The most important sanctuary of Old Smyrna was the Temple of Athena. The most ancient ruins preserved to our day date back to 725-700 BCE Helmeted Athena, of the Velletri type. ... ...

Greek settlement in Old Smyrna is attested by the presence of pottery dating from about 1000 BCE onwards. According to the Greek historian Herodotus, the city was first established by the Aeolians, but shortly thereafter seized by the Ionians who developed it into one of the world's largest cultural and commercial centers of that period. According to Herodotus, the seizure of the city from Aeolians by Ionians had occurred in the following manner: Colophonians fleeing internal strife within their Ionian city had taken refuge in Old Smyrna. But soon afterwards, these defectors had taken advantage of an opportunity that had presented itself when native Aeolian Smyrniots had gone outside the city remparts for a festival in honor of Dionysos, and had taken possession of the city. They forced an agreement upon the former inhabitants who saw themselves obliged to take all their movable property in the city and leave. Thanks to this hijacking, Smyrna was added to the twelve Ionian cities that were later to play a brilliant role and share destinies in common in the history of civilization. Bust of Herodotus at Naples Herodotus of Halicarnassus (Greek: , Herodotos) was a historian who lived in the 5th century BC (484 BC-ca. ... Aeolis (Aiolis) or Aeolia (Aiolia) was an area in west and northwest Asia Minor, mostly along the coast and offshore islands (particularly Lesbos), where the Aeolian Greek city_states were located. ... Ionia (Greek Ιωνία; see also List of traditional Greek place names) was an ancient region of southwestern coastal Anatolia (now in Turkey) on the Aegean Sea. ... Bacchus by Caravaggio Dionysus, the name of a god, is occasionally confused with one of several historical figures named Dionysius. ...

The period in which Old Smyrna had reached its peak was between 650-545 BCE. This period was considered to be the most powerful period of the whole Ionian civilization. Under the leadership of the city of Miletus, Ionian colonies were established in Egypt, Syria, the west coasts of Lebanon, the Marmara region, around the Black Sea and in eastern Greece. The colonies competed amongst themselves and were a match for Greece proper in many areas. Smyrna by this point was no longer a small town, but an urban center that took part in the Mediterranean trade. Miletus (Greek: Μίλητος transliterated Miletos) was an ancient city on the western coast of Anatolia (in what is now the Aydin Province of Turkey), near the mouth of the Maeander River. ... Map of the Sea of Marmara Satellite view of the Sea of Marmara The Sea of Marmara (Turkish: Marmara Denizi, Modern Greek: Θάλασσα του Μαρμαρά or Προποντίδα) (also known as the Sea of Marmora or the Marmara Sea) is an inland sea that connects the Black Sea to the Aegean Sea, thus separating the... Map of the Black Sea. ... Satellite image The Mediterranean Sea is a part of the Atlantic Ocean almost completely enclosed by land, on the north by Europe, on the south by Africa, and on the east by Asia. ...

One of the most important signs of that period is the widespread use of writing beginning with 650 BCE. There are many inscriptions on presentations of the gifts dedicated to the goddess Athena, whose temple dates to 640-580 BCE. Helmeted Athena, of the Velletri type. ...

The oldest model of a many-roomed-type house of this period was found in ancient Smyrna. Known to be the oldest house having so many rooms under its roof, this house was built in the second half of 7th century BCE The house has two floors and has five rooms with a courtyard. The houses before this type were composed of megarons standing adjacent to each other. Smyrna was built on the Hippodamian system in which streets run north-south and east-west and intersec at right angles. The houses all faced to the south. (8th century BC - 7th century BC - 6th century BC - other centuries) (700s BC - 690s BC - 680s BC - 670s BC - 660s BC - 650s BC - 640s BC - 630s BC - 620s BC - 610s BC - 600s BC - other decades) (2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium AD) Events Scythians arrived in Asia Collapse... The megaron is the great hall of Minoan-Mycenaean culture, a rectangular hall, fronted by an open, two-columned porch and a more or less central hearth traditional in Greece since Mycenaean times. ... Hippodamus of Miletus (sometimes also called Hippodamos), was a Greek architect of the 5th century BC. It was he who introduced order and regularity into the planning of cities, in place of the previous intricacy and confusion. ...

This city plan, which took the name Hippodamus later in the 5th century BCE, followed a pattern familiar in the Near East. The city plan in the Bayraklı Mound is the earliest example of this type in the Western Hemisphere. The most ancient paved streets of the Ionian civilization have been discovered in ancient Smyrna. The Near East is a term commonly used by archaeologists and historians, less commonly by journalists and commentators, to refer to the region encompassing the Levant (modern Israel, Palestine, Jordan, Syria and Lebanon), Asia Minor (modern Turkey), Mesopotamia (Iraq and eastern Syria), and the Iranian Plateau (Iran, Afghanistan and western... The geographical western hemisphere of Earth, highlighted in yellow. ...

The riches of the city impressed the Lydians and attracted them to Smyrna. The Lydian army conquered the city in about 610-600 BCE and burned and destroyed parts of the city. Lydia is a historic region of western Anatolia, congruent with Turkeys modern provinces of Ä°zmir and Manisa. ... Lydia is a historic region of western Anatolia, congruent with Turkeys modern provinces of Ä°zmir and Manisa. ... Centuries: 8th century BC - 7th century BC - 6th century BC Decades: 650s BC 640s BC 630s BC 620s BC 610s BC - 600s BC - 590s BC 580s BC 570s BC 560s BC 550s BC Events and Trends Fall of the Assyrian Empire and Rise of Babylon 609 BC _ King Josiah...

The city began to decline soon after due to the Persian invasion. The Persian emperor had ordered the towns of the Aegean coast to raise against the Lydians while the Persian army was advancing in Anatolia. In order to punish the towns that refused to give him support in his campaign against the Lydians, the Persian emperor attacked Smyrna as well as the other coastal towns after having conquered Sardis, the capital of Lydia. As a result of the Persian attacks, old Smyrna was destroyed in 545 BCE. No urban settlement was to re-emerge in Bayraklı and the period of old Smyrna effectively ended. The Persian Empire was a series of historical empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau. ... The Aegean Sea. ... Asia Minor lies east of the Bosporus, between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. ... Sardis, (also Sardes) the capital of the ancient kingdom of Lydia, the seat of a conventus under the Roman Empire, and the metropolis of the province Lydia in later Roman and Byzantine times, was situated in the middle Hermus valley, at the foot of Mt. ...

Alexander the Great refounded the city in about 300 BCE. Alexander had defeated the Persians in several battles and finally the emperor Darius himself at Issus in 333 BCE. The cities of the region witnessed a great resurgence in their population. During this period, Rhodes and Pergamon reached populations of over 100,000. Ephesus, Antioch and Alexandria reached a population of over 400,000. Old Smyrna, which had been founded on a small hill, was only sufficient for a few thousand people, so the new and larger city had been founded on the slopes of Mount Pagos (Kadifekale) in 300 BCE. The flat-topped hill seemed destined by nature to be the acropolis of an ancient city. Alexander the Great (Greek: Μέγας Αλέξανδρος[1] Megas Alexandros; July 356 BC — June 11, 323 BC), also known as Alexander III, king of Macedon (336–323 BC), is considered one of the most successful military commanders in history, conquering most of his known world before his death. ... Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC - 300s BC - 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC Years: 305 BC 304 BC 303 BC 302 BC 301 BC - 300 BC - 299 BC 298 BC... Darius is the coolest kid on earth. ... Issus can refer to the: Battle of Issus, fought by Alexander the Great in 333 BC, which took place near Issus (town), along the Issus (river) This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title. ... Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 380s BC 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC - 330s BC - 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 338 BC 337 BC 336 BC 335 BC 334 BC - 333 BC - 332 BC 331 BC 330... Rhodes, Greek: Ρόδος (pron. ... The Kingdom of Pergamon (colored olive) shown at its greatest extent in 188 BC. Pergamon or Pergamum (Greek: Πέργαμος, modern day Bergama in Turkey, ) was an ancient Greek city, in Mysia, northwestern Anatolia, 16 miles from the Aegean Sea, located on a promontory on the north side of the river Caicus... Ephesus (Greek: Έφεσος see also List of traditional Greek place names, Turkish: Efes) was one of the great cities of the Ionian Greeks in Asia Minor, located in Lydia where the Cayster river flows into the Aegean Sea (in modern day Turkey). ... Antioch on the Orontes (Greek: Αντιόχεια η επί Δάφνη, Αντιόχεια ή επί Ορόντου or Αντιόχεια η Μεγάλη; Latin: Antiochia ad Orontem, also Antiochia dei Siri), the Great Antioch or Syrian Antioch was an ancient city located on the eastern side (left bank) of the Orontes River about 30 km from the sea and its port, Seleucia of Pieria (Suedia, now Samanda... For other uses, see Alexandria (disambiguation). ... Centuries: 4th century BC - 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC Decades: 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC 310s BC - 300s BC - 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 250s BC Years: 305 BC 304 BC 303 BC 302 BC 301 BC - 300 BC - 299 BC 298 BC... Acropolis in Athens. ...

Becoming a Roman territory in 133 BCE, Smyrna enjoyed a golden period for the second time. Due to the importance that the city achieved, the Roman emperors who came to Anatolia also visited Smyrna. Emperor Hadrian also visited Smyrna in his journey in A.D. 121 to 125. The Roman Forum was the central area around which ancient Rome developed. ... (Redirected from 133 BCE) Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC - 130s BC - 120s BC 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC Years: 138 BC 137 BC 136 BC 135 BC 134 BC - 133 BC... Roman Emperor is the term historians use to refer to rulers of the Roman Empire, after the epoch conventionally named the Roman Republic. ... Publius Aelius Traianus Hadrianus (January 24, 76–July 10, 138), known as Hadrian in English, was Roman emperor from 117–138, and a member of the gens Aelia. ... For other uses, see number 121. ... Events Construction of the Pantheon (Rome) as it stands today by Hadrian. ...

In 178 CE the city was devastated by an earthquake. Considered to be one of the most severe disasters that the city has faced in its history, the earthquake razed the town to the ground. The destruction was so great that the support of the Empire for re-building was necessary. Emperor Marcus Aurelius brought a great contribution in the rebuilding activities and the city was re-founded again. Events First condemnation of the Montanist heresy Last (7th) year of Xiping era and start of Guanghe era of the Chinese Han Dynasty. ... An earthquake is a phenomenon that results from and is powered by the sudden release of stored energy that radiates seismic waves. ... Marcus Aurelius Imperator Caesar Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus (April 26, 121 – March 17, 180) was Roman Emperor from 161 to his death. ...

Various works of architecture are thought to have been built in the city during the Roman Empire period. The streets were completely paved with stones and paved streets became preponderant in the city. The Roman Empire was a phase of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by an autocratic form of government. ...

After the Roman Empire's division into two distinct entities, Smyrna became a territory of the Eastern Roman Empire. It preserved its status as a notable religious center as of the early times of the Byzantine Empire. However, the city did not grow much. The Roman Empire was a phase of the ancient Roman civilization characterized by an autocratic form of government. ... Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered around its capital in Constantinople. ... Byzantine Empire (native Greek name: - Basileia tōn Romaiōn) is the term conventionally used since the 19th century to describe the Greek-speaking Roman Empire of the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ...

Smyrna becomes İzmir

Turks first captured Smyrna under the command of Çaka Bey in 1076. He conquered Clazomenae, Foça, Chios, Samos and Kos and used İzmir as a base for his raids against the Byzantine Empire in the Aegean Sea and Çanakkale Strait (Dardanelles). After his death, the town and its vicinity was re-conquered by the Byzantines in 1098. Smyrna was then captured by the Knights of Rhodes when Constantinople was conquered by the Crusaders in 1242. Events February 14 - Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor. ... Clazomenae (modern Kelisinan), was an ancient town of Ionia and a member of the Ionian Dodecapolis (Confederation of Twelve Cities), on the Gulf of Smyrna, about 20 miles west of that city. ... Satellite photo showing location of the ancient cities of Phocaea, Cyme and Smyrna Phocaea (modern-day Foça in Turkey) was an ancient Ionian Greek city on the western coast of Anatolia. ... Chios (Greek: Χίος; Turkish:Sakız); alternative transliterations Khios and Hios, see also List of traditional Greek place names) is a Greek island in the Aegean Sea 5 miles off the Turkish coasts. ... Samos (Greek Σάμος) is a Greek island in the Eastern Aegean Sea, located between the island of Chios to the North and the archipelagic complex of the Dodecanese islands to the South and in particular the island of Patmos and off the coast of Turkey, on what was formely known as... Port of Kos Archaeological site Tree of Hippocrates Roman amphitheater Kos town view Kos or Cos (, Greek Κως, Turkish Ä°stanköy, Italian Coo; formerly Stanchio in English) is a Greek island in the Dodecanese group of islands, in the Aegean Sea, which it separates from the Gulf of Cos. ... The Çanakkale seafront, with wooden horse from the 2004 film Troy Çanakkale, pronounced , is a town and seaport in Turkey, in Çanakkale Province, on the southern (Asiatic) coast of the Dardanelles (or Hellespont). ... Map of the Dardanelles The Dardanelles (Turkish: Çanakkale BoÄŸazı, Greek: Δαρδανελλια), formerly known as the Hellespont, is a narrow strait in northwestern Turkey connecting the Aegean Sea with the Sea of Marmara. ... Events First Crusade: end of the siege of Antioch. ... The Knights Hospitaller (the or Knights of Malta or Knights of Rhodes) is a tradition which began as a Benedictine nursing Order founded in the 11th century based in the Holy Land, but soon became a militant Christian Chivalric Order under its own charter, and was charged with the care... Map of Constantinople. ... This article is about the medieval crusades. ... // Events April 5 - During a battle on the ice of Chudskoye Lake, Russian forces rebuff an invasion attempt by the Teutonic Knights. ...

Smyrna became a Turkish land, and became İzmir in the early 14th century when Turkish sailor Umur Bey, son of the founder of the Beylik of Aydın, took the city back from the Knights Templar. He first captured the fort of Kadifekale on top the city, still intact today, in 1310, and then the lower castle (St. Peter in European sources, "Okkale" in Turkish) and, as Çaka Bey had done 150 years before, used the city as a base for naval raids. The northern coastline of the Gulf of İzmir (Karşıyaka today) was, in the meantime, held by the sons of Saruhan, another Beylik based in Manisa. In 1344, taking advantage of a distracted Aydınoglu, the Genoese took back the lower castle. A sixty-year period of uneasy cohabitation between the three powers, the Aydınoglu, the Saruhan and the Genoese, ensued, with the first holding the upper castle of İzmir, the second İzmir's opposite coasts and the third the sea-side castle of St. Peter (Okkale), commanding the little inner bay where the port was formerly situated (this inner bay was been filled in the 17th century to constitute the present-day Kemeraltı bazaar area). This 14th-century statue from south India depicts the gods Shiva (on the left) and Uma (on the right). ... Anatolian beyliks (also Turkmen beyliks, Tevâif-i mülûk (in Ottoman Turkish) were small Turkish emirates or muslim principalities (beylik) governed by tribal beys, which were founded in several locations of Anatolia as of the end of the 13th century. ... The Seal of the Knights — the two riders have been interpreted as a sign of poverty or the duality of monk/soldier. ... Events May 11 - In France, 64 members of the Knights Templar are burned at the stake for heresy Abulfeda becomes governor of Hama. ... According to tradition, Peter was crucified upside-down, as shown in this painting by Caravaggio. ... The Gulf of Ä°zmir, formerly known as the Gulf of Smyrna, is an inlet of the Aegean Sea. ... Karsiyaka,Izmir Karsiyaka, a suburb of Izmir, in Izmir province, situated north of the Gulf of Izmir, an inlet of the Aegean Sea, Karsiyaka borders an industrial zone and a shipping yard to the east and a large forested area to the north. ... Manisa is the capital of the Turkish province of Manisa. ... Events English king Edward III introduces three new gold coins, the florin. ... Alternate uses, see Genoa (disambiguation). ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ...

İzmir was first taken by the Ottomans in 1389 by Bayezid I, who led his armies toward the five Western Anatolian Turkish Beyliks in the winter of that same year he had ascended the throne, in keeping with his nickname of Yıldırım (the Thunderbolt). The take-over by the Ottomans took place virtually without a fight, through agreements, arrangements and marriages. But in 1402 the Mongol Tamerlane won a victory against the Ottomans and put a serious check on the fortunes of the Ottoman state for the following decades. Tamerlane gave back most of the Anatolian Turkish Beyliks to their former ruling families, and he came in person to İzmir to lodge the only battle of his career against a non-Muslim power, finally taking back the lower castle of Okkale (St. Peter) from the Genoese, and he destroyed the castle. Imperial motto (Ottoman Turkish) دولت ابد مدت Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (The Eternal State) The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power (1683) Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital Söğüt (1299-1326), Bursa (1326-1365), Edirne (1365-1453), Constantinople (1453-1922) Imperial anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Sovereigns Padishah of the Osmanl... Events February 24 - Margaret I defeats Albert in battle, thus becoming ruler of Denmark, Norway and Sweden June 28 - Battle of Kosovo between Serbs and Ottomans. ... Beyazid I Bayezid I (in Turkish Bayezıt, nicknamed Yıldırım, the Thunderbolt; ca 1354–1403) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1389 to 1402. ... Events September 14 - Battle of Homildon Hill. ... Honorary guard of Mongolia. ... For the chess engine Tamerlane, see Tamerlane. ... Imperial motto (Ottoman Turkish) دولت ابد مدت Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (The Eternal State) The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power (1683) Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital Söğüt (1299-1326), Bursa (1326-1365), Edirne (1365-1453), Constantinople (1453-1922) Imperial anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Sovereigns Padishah of the Osmanl... A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Turkish: Müslüman, Persian and Urdu: مسلمان) is an adherent of Islam. ...

In 1425, Murad II re-captured İzmir for the Ottomans from the last bey of Aydın, İzmiroğlu Cüneyd Bey, in a campaign in which he was assisted by the forces of the Templars. One detail of this siege that is pertinent for our day is that, in exchange for their assistance, the Knights Templar had asked the sultan the permission to re-build the European castle of İzmir (St. Peter, Okkale), but the sultan refused despite their insistence and even momentary tensions between the the two forces. He gave the Templars the permission to build the well-known Bodrum (Petrum) Castle of our day instead. Events Foundation of the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium Births John II, Duke of Lorraine (died 1470) Edmund Sutton, English nobleman (died 1483) Deaths January 18 - Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March, English politician (born 1391) March 17 - Ashikaga Yoshikazu, Japanese shogun (born 1407) May 24 - Murdoch Stewart, 2nd Duke of... Murad II Murad II (1404 – February 3, 1451) (Arabic: مراد الثاني) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1421 to 1451 (except for a period from 1444 to 1446). ... Bodrum Castle can be seen on the upper left corner, Bodrum marina is located on the right side of the bay Bodrum (formerly Budrum, previously Petronium, originally Halicarnassus) is a Turkish port in MuÄŸla Province. ...

The city became a typical Ottoman sanjak (sub-province) inside the larger Ottoman vilayet (province) of Aydın. One notable development that took place in end-15th century and early-16th century was the arrival of Jews of Spain from where they were evicted. Along with İstanbul and Selanik, İzmir was one of their primary destinations of settlement. In 1597, on the ruins of St. Peter Castle, Hisar Mosque, İzmir's oldest important Ottoman landmark was built, the word hisar meaning the fort in Turkish. As stated above, the inner bay was filled through both the work of nature and the preference of men in the 17th century, in place of which Kemeraltı bazaar now bustles with hectic activity. ^[2] Sanjak and Sandjak (other variants: sinjaq, sanjaq) are the most common English transliterations of the Turkish word Sancak, which literally means banner. In Arabic the sanjaks were also called liwas. ... Vilâyet (also eyalet or pashaluk) was the Turkish name for the provinces of the Ottoman Empire. ... shows the Location of the Province Aydın Aydın is a province of Turkey, and its located in the southwestern Anatolian district, or more specifically in the Aegan region, in Turkish called Ege bölgesi. ... (14th century - 15th century - 16th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 15th century was that century which lasted from 1401 to 1500. ... (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ... The location of Istanbul Province Maiden Tower and Historical Peninsula of Istanbul Istanbul (Turkish: Ä°stanbul) (the former Constantinople, Greek: Κωνσταντινούπολις) is the largest city in Turkey, and arguably the most important. ... The White Tower The Arch of Galerius Map showing the Thessaloníki prefecture Thessaloníki (Θεσσαλονίκη) is the second-largest city of Greece and is the principal city and the capital of the Greek region of Macedonia. ...

With the privileged trading conditions accorded to foreigners in 1620 (the infamous capitulations that were later to cause a serious threat and setback for the Ottoman state in its decline), İzmir set out on its way for becoming one of the most important commercial centers of the Empire. Consulates of foreign countries moved in from Sakız (Chios) and were established in the city (1619 for the French Consulate, 1621 for the British), serving as trade centers for their nations. Each consulate had its own quay and the ships under their flag would anchor there. The long campaign for the conquest of Crete (22 years between 1648-1669) also considerably enhanced İzmir's position within the Ottoman realm since the city served as port of dispatch and supply for the troops. Events September 6 - English emigrants on the Mayflower depart from Plymouth, England for the future New England and arrive at the end of the year. ... Capitulations of the Ottoman Empire are contracts between Ottoman Empire and European powers. ... Chios (Greek: Χίος; Turkish:Sakız); alternative transliterations Khios and Hios, see also List of traditional Greek place names) is a Greek island in the Aegean Sea 5 miles off the Turkish coasts. ... Events May 13 - Dutch statesman Johan van Oldenbarnevelt is executed in The Hague after having been accused of treason. ... Events February 9 - Gregory XV is elected pope. ... Crete (Greek Κρήτη Kriti; called Candia in the Venetian period) is the largest of the Greek islands and the fifth largest in the Mediterranean Sea. ... // Events January 17 - Englands Long Parliament passes the Vote of No Address, breaking off negotiations with King Charles I and thereby setting the scene for the second phase of the English Civil War. ... // Events Samuel Pepys stopped writing his diary. ...

In the meantime, a middle class, composed of Greeks and, some time later and to a lesser extent, by Armenians, as well as some among the generally poorer Jews, started to take hold. The attraction the city exercised for merchants and middlemen gradually changed the demographic structure of the city, its culture and its Ottoman character.

The city faced a 1676 plague, the 1688 earthquake and the 1743 fire, but continued to grow. In 1866 the British-built 130 km railway line to Aydın was opened (the first Ottoman Empire line). As of the 18th century and especially of the 19th century, İzmir had a non-negligible segment of the population was composed of merchants of French, English, Dutch and Italian merchants, adding to numerous immigrants coming from other parts of the Ottoman Empire. One initiative that saved the city in late 19th century by putting an end to the fill of silt in the Gulf of İzmir, that had started to jeopardize access to the city's port, was the moving of Gediz River bed to its present-day northern course, instead of letting it flow into the Gulf. Events January 29 - Feodor III becomes Tsar of Russia First measurement of the speed of light, by Ole Rømer Bacons Rebellion Russo-Turkish Wars commence. ... // Events A high-powered conspiracy of notables, the Immortal Seven, invite William and Mary to depose James II of England. ... // Events February 14 - Henry Pelham becomes British Prime Minister February 21 - - The premiere in London of George Frideric Handels oratorio, Samson. ... 1866 (MDCCCLXVI) is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... Ongoing excavation work in Tralleis (source&permission: Aydın Governorship). ... Turkish Public Railways Logo Turkish State Railways (TCDD, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Demiryolları) is the state corporation that operates the public railway system in Turkey. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Motto: (French for God and my right) Anthem: Multiple unofficial anthems Capital London Largest city London Official language(s) English Government Constitutional monarchy  - Queen Queen Elizabeth II  - Prime Minister Tony Blair MP Unification    - by Athelstan 927  Area    - Total 130,395 km² (1st in UK)   50,346 sq mi   - Water (%) Population...

After World War I and the defeat of the Ottoman Empire, the victors had, for a time, intended to carve up large parts of its territory under respective zones of influence and offered the western regions of Turkey to Greece under the Treaty of Sèvres. On 15 May 1919 the Greek Army occupied the city after but the Greek expedition into Anatolia turned into a disaster both for that country and for the Greeks in Turkey. Combatants Allied Powers: British Empire France Italy Russia United States Central Powers: Austria-Hungary Bulgaria Germany Ottoman Empire Casualties Military dead: 5 million Military dead: 4 million The First World War, also known as The Great War, The War to End All Wars, and World War I (abbreviated WWI) was... Imperial motto (Ottoman Turkish) دولت ابد مدت Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (The Eternal State) The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power (1683) Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital Söğüt (1299-1326), Bursa (1326-1365), Edirne (1365-1453), Constantinople (1453-1922) Imperial anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Sovereigns Padishah of the Osmanl... The Treaty of Sèvres of August 10, 1920, was a peace treaty between the Entente and Associated Powers[1] and the Ottoman Empire after World War I. The treaty was signed by the Ottoman Government, but Sultan Mehmed VI never signed that treaty. ... May 15 is the 135th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (136th in leap years). ... 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Hellenic Army, (Greek: Ελληνικός Στράτος) is the land force of Greece (The Hellenic Republic). ... Asia Minor lies east of the Bosporus, between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. ...

The Old City of İzmir

The Turkish army re-took possession of İzmir on the 9 September 1922, effectively ending the Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922) in the field. Part of the Greek population of the city was forced to seek refuge in the nearby Greek islands together with the Greek troops, while the rest was left in the frame of the ensuing 1923 agreement for the Exchange of Greek and Turkish Populations, part of the Lausanne Treaty. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (827x415, 274 KB)from Il Modulo encyclopedia, 1976 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (827x415, 274 KB)from Il Modulo encyclopedia, 1976 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... September 9 is the 252nd day of the year (253rd in leap years). ... 1922 (MCMXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Combatants Greece Turkish Revolutionaries Commanders Gen Leonidas Paraskevopoulos, Gen Anastasios Papoulas, Gen Georgios Hatzianestis Ali Fethi Okyar, Ismet Inonu, Mustafa Kemal Strength 120,000 men 450,000 men [1] Casualties 30,000 dead; 20,820 captured 20,000 dead; 10,000 wounded The Greco–Turkish War of 1919–1922, also... 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Cartoon The 1923 Exchange of Populations between Greece and Turkey refers to the first large scale population exchange, or agreed mutual expulsion in the 20th century. ... West boarders of Turkey The Treaty of Lausanne was a peace treaty that was signed in Lausanne, Switzerland on July 24, 1923 by Turkey and Entente powers that fought in the First World War and in the Turkish Independence War. ...

The war, its events specific to İzmir, and the fire that broke out on 13 September 1922, one of the greatest disasters İzmir experienced in its history, the still controversial Great Fire of Smyrna, influenced the psyches of the two nations to this day. For the Turks, the occupation was marked from its very first day by the "first bullet" fired on Greek detachments by the journalist Hasan Tahsin and the killing by bayonet coups of Colonel Fethi Bey and his unarmed soldiers in the historic casern of the city (Sarı Kışla—the Yellow Casern), for refusing to shout "Zito Venizelos". The Turkish side, on the other hand, was accused of a number of atrocities against the Greek and Armenian communities in İzmir, including the lynching of the Orthodox Metropolitan Chrysostomos.^[3] The lack of comprehensive and reliable sources from the period combined with nationalist feelings running high on both sides and mutual distrust between the conflicting parties has led to each side accusing each other for decades of committing atrocities during the period. September 13 is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years). ... 1922 (MCMXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Occupation of Ä°zmir. ... Venizelos may be: Eleftherios Venizelos: Greek politician (1864-1936) Sophoklis Venizelos: Greek politician (1894-1964), his son. ... Chrysostomos of Smyrna Chrysostomos of Smyrna (birth name Kalafatis, in Greek Καλαφάτης), was a Metropilitan of the Greek Orthodox population of Smyrna (now Ä°zmir in Turkey). ...

The city was, once again, gradually rebuilt after the proclamation of the Turkish Republic in 1923. The period after the 1960s and the 1970s saw another blow to the İzmir's tissue—as serious as the 1922 fire for many inhabitants—when local administrations tended to neglect İzmir's traditional values and landmarks, with some not always in tune with the central government in Ankara and regularly falling short of subsidies, and also with huge immigration waves from the Anatolian inlands causing a population explosion and modifying its human capital. Many Smyrniots—in line with native-born citizens of such other prominent Turkish cities as İstanbul, Bursa, Manisa, Adana and Mersin—look back to their cosier and more manageable city that came to end in the last few decades with nostalgia. Floor Ownership Law of 1965 (Kat Mülkiyeti Kanunu), allowing and encouraging arrangements between house or land proprietors and building contractors, in which each would share the benefits in rent of 8-floor apartment blocks built in the place of the former single house, proved especially disastrous for the urban landscape. The Republic of Turkey is a country located in Southwest Asia with a small part of its territory (3%) in southeastern Europe. ... 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969, inclusive. ... The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, inclusive. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Occupation of Ä°zmir. ... Ankara is the capital of Turkey and the countrys second largest city after Istanbul. ... Asia Minor lies east of the Bosporus, between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. ... Bursa (formerly known as Brusa, Greek Prusa, Προύσσα) is a city in northwestern Turkey and the capital of Bursa Province. ... Manisa is the capital of the Turkish province of Manisa. ... Adana is the capital of Adana Province. ... Mersin is the capital city of İçel Province, in Turkey. ... 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar). ...

İzmir is also home to Turkey's second largest Jewish community after İstanbul, still 2,500 strong.^[4] The community is still concentrated in their traditional quarter of Karataş. The most famous figures the Jewish community of İzmir has produced are Sabbatai Zevi and Dario Moreno. The word Jew ( Hebrew: יהודי) is used in a wide number of ways, but generally refers to a follower of the Jewish faith, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity and often a combination of these attributes. ... Sabbatai Zevi, (שבתאי צבי Shabtai Tzvi in Hebrew) (also known as Shabbethai, Shabbetai, Sabbetai, or Shabtai; Zvi or Tzvi) (July 23, 1626–possibly September 30, 1676) was a claimed Messiah and Kabbalist. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ...

Modern İzmir

İzmir from space, June 1996.

Today, İzmir is Turkey's third largest city and is nicknamed "Occidental İzmir" or "The pearl of the Aegean". It is widely regarded as one of the most liberal Turkish cities in terms of values, ideology, lifestyle, dynamism and gender roles. It is a stronghold of the political party CHP. Download high resolution version (639x639, 166 KB)Izmir, Turkey - June 1996 image description here File links The following pages link to this file: Izmir Categories: NASA images ... Download high resolution version (639x639, 166 KB)Izmir, Turkey - June 1996 image description here File links The following pages link to this file: Izmir Categories: NASA images ... Nuclei from Toba Pearl Island, Japan A pearl is a hard, rounded object produced by certain animals, primarily mollusks such as oysters. ... The Aegean Sea. ... This article discusses liberalism as a major worldwide political ideology, its development, and some of its many modern-day variations. ... The Republican Peoples Party (Turkish: Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi or CHP) is a social democratic and secular Turkish nationalist political party in Turkey. ...

The city hosts an international arts festival during June/July, and İzmir International Fair in the beginning of September every year.

Modern İzmir also incorporates world-famous ancient cities like Ephesus, Pergamon, and Sardis. Ephesus (Greek: Έφεσος see also List of traditional Greek place names, Turkish: Efes) was one of the great cities of the Ionian Greeks in Asia Minor, located in Lydia where the Cayster river flows into the Aegean Sea (in modern day Turkey). ... The Kingdom of Pergamon (colored olive) shown at its greatest extent in 188 BC. Pergamon or Pergamum (Greek: Πέργαμος, modern day Bergama in Turkey, ) was an ancient Greek city, in Mysia, northwestern Anatolia, 16 miles from the Aegean Sea, located on a promontory on the north side of the river Caicus... Sardis, (also Sardes) the capital of the ancient kingdom of Lydia, the seat of a conventus under the Roman Empire, and the metropolis of the province Lydia in later Roman and Byzantine times, was situated in the middle Hermus valley, at the foot of Mt. ...

There is one modern rapid transit line running Southwest to Northeast. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Main sights

Ancient landmarks

The oldest civil work of Greek architecture in ancient Smyrna is the stone fountain, built in the first half of 7th century. The restored Stoa of Attalus, Athens This article discusses architecture in Ancient Greece. ...

Standing on Mount Yamanlar, the Tomb of Tantalus is an example of the tholos type monumental tombs. The grave room of Tantalus' tumulus was in the plan of the fountain, displaying a style called isopata, meaning the construction has a rectangle plan, covered by vaults made with corbel technique. This monumental work is thought to be the tomb of the Basileus or Tyrant who ruled ancient Smyrna in 580-520 BCE. The Treasure of Atreus tholos in 2004 Beehive tombs, also known as Tholos tombs (plural tholoi), are a style of Mycenaean chamber tomb from the Bronze Age. ... Burial of Oleg of Novgorod in a tumulus in 912. ... In geometry, a rectangle is defined as a quadrilateral polygon in which all four angles are right angles. ... In architecture, a vault is an arched structure of masonry, forming a ceiling or canopy. ... Elaborately decorated classical-style stone corbels support balconies on a building in Indianapolis. ... A silver coin of the Seleucid king Antiochus I Soter. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 570s BC - 560s BC - 550s BC - 540s BC - 530s BC - 520s BC - 510s BC - 500s BC - 490s BC - 480s BC - 470s BC Events 529 BC - Cambyses II succeeds his father Cyrus as ruler of Persia. ...

The Agora of Smyrna is well preserved, altough the parts buried under modern buildings are still to be brought to daylight. Serious consideration has also been given to excavating the ancient theatre which is today buried under an urban zone on the slopes of Kadifekale (Mount Pagos) on top which the ancient castle soars, one of the landmarks of İzmir. The theatre of Smynrna was where St. Polycarp had been martyred. An agora (αγορά), translatable as marketplace, was an essential part of an ancient Greek polis or city-state. ... For other meanings of Smyrna, see Smyrna (disambiguation). ... Polycarp of Smyrna (69?-155?, 80?-166?, 81?-167?, 79?-165?, or 70?-156?) was a Christian bishop of Smyrna (now in Asiatic Turkey) in the second century. ...

There are nine synagogues in İzmir, concentrated either in the traditional Jewish quarter of Karataş or in Havra Sokak (Synagogue street) in Kemeraltı, and they all bear the signature of the 19th century when they were built or re-constructed in depth on the basis of former buildings. A synagogue (from Greek synagoge place of assembly literally meeting, assembly,) is a Jewish house of prayer and study. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Birds Paradise

İzmir Bird's Paradise is in Çiğli, located 15 km west of Karşıyaka, has 205 species of birds. There are 63 species of domestic birds, 54 species of summer migratory birds, 43 species of winter migratory birds, 30 species of transit birds. 56 species of birds have been breeding in the Park. İzmir Bird's Paradise which covers 80 square kilometres was registered as "The protected area for water birds and for their breeding" by Ministry of Forestry in 1982. Karsiyaka,Izmir Karsiyaka, a suburb of Izmir, in Izmir province, situated north of the Gulf of Izmir, an inlet of the Aegean Sea, Karsiyaka borders an industrial zone and a shipping yard to the east and a large forested area to the north. ...

Climate

İzmir is characterized by long, hot summers and mild, rainy winters. The total precipitation for İzmir averages 706 mm (27.8 inches) per year; however, 77 % of that falls during November through March.

The average maximum temperatures during the winter months vary between 12 and 14°C. Although it's rare, snow has been recorded in İzmir in January and February. The summer months—June through September—bring average daytime temperatures of 28°C or higher.

İzmir International Fair

İzmir's coastline

for the main title, see İzmir International Fair. Image File history File links Izmir_coast. ... Image File history File links Izmir_coast. ...

The İzmir International Fair (IEF), the oldest member from Turkey of the International Union of Fairs is held in Kültürpark, covering an area of 421,000m² in the heart of the city. Aside from this main event, organized in the beginning of September each year, there are up to forty notable fairs and expositions events held around the year in different areas of activity. These fairs have made a great contributions to İzmir’s social and cultural life with its vast ground, open-air theatres, Painting and Sculpture Museum, art centers, amusement park, zoo and parachute tower.

Cuisine of İzmir

İzmir’s cuisine has largely been affected by its multicultural history, hence the large variety of food originating from the Aegean, Mediterranean and Anatolian regions. Another factor is the large area of land surrounding the region which grows a rich selection of vegetables. Some of the common dishes found here are, tarhana soup (made from dried yoghurt and tomatoes), İzmir meatballs, keskek (boiled wheat with meat) zerde (sweetened rice with saffron) and mucver (made from squash and eggs). The Aegean Sea. ... The Mediterranean Sea is an intercontinental sea positioned between Europe to the north, Africa to the south and Asia to the east, covering an approximate area of 2. ... Anatolian can refer to: Someone or something from Anatolia The Anatolian Shepherd Dog This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Please wikify (format) this article as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ...

Historically, as a result of the influx of Greek refugees from İzmir (as well as from other parts of Asia Minor and Istanbul) to mainland Greece after 1922, the cuisine of İzmir has had an enormous impact on Greek cuisine, exporting many sophisticated spice and foods. Istanbul (other names) is Turkeys most populous city, and its cultural and economic center. ... Greek cuisine is the cuisine deriving from Greece mainland and its associated islands. ...

Festivals

The İzmir International Festival beginning in mid-June and continuing to mid-July, has been organized since 1987. During the annual festival, many world-class performers-soloists and virtuosi, orchestras, dance companies, rock and jazz groups including Ray Charles, Paco de Lucia, Joan Baez, Martha Graham Dance Company, Tanita Tikaram, Jethro Tull, Leningrad Philarmonic Orchestra, Chris De Burgh, Sting, Moscow State Philarmony Orchestra, Jan Garbarek, Red Army Chorus, Academy of St. Martin in the Field, Kodo, Chick Corea and Origin, New York City Ballet, Nigel Kennedy, Bryan Adams, James Brown, Elton John, Kiri Te Kanawa, Mikhail Barishnikov and Josè Carreras gave recitals and performances at various venues in the city and surrounding areas, including the ancient theatres at Ephesus and Metropolis (an antique Ionian city situated near the town of Torbalı). 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the musical term solo; for other uses, see solo. ... Niccolò Paganini - widely regarded as the first ever virtuoso violinist A virtuoso (from Italian virtuoso, late Latin virtuosus, latin virtus meaning: skill, manliness, excellence) is an individual who possesses outstanding technical ability at singing or playing a musical instrument. ... The Boston Pops orchestra performing on the Charles River Esplanade in Boston, Massachusetts. ... Rock is a form of popular music from the late 20th century which typically features a vocal melody (often with vocal harmony) that is supported by accompaniment of electric guitars, a bass guitar, and drums, often with a strong back beat. ... Jazz is an original American musical art form originating around the start of the 20th century in New Orleans. ... Ray Charles was the stage name of Ray Charles Robinson (September 23, 1930 – June 10, 2004). ... Paco de Lucía is an internationally recognized Spanish flamenco guitarist, and leading exponent of the New Flamenco style. ... Joan Chandos Báez (born January 9, 1941) is an American folk singer and songwriter known for her highly individual vocal style. ... Tanita Tikaram (born August 12, 1969) is a pop/folk singer/songwriter. ... Jethro Tull is a progressive rock band that formed in Blackpool, England in the 1960s. ... The St. ... The Beautiful Dreams album cover. ... Gordon Matthew Thomas Sumner, CBE (born 2 October 1951), usually known by his stage name Sting, is a British musician from Newcastle upon Tyne. ... Jan Garbarek (born March 4, 1947 in Mysen, Norway) is a Norwegian tenor and soprano saxophonist, active in the jazz, classical, and world music genres. ... Kodō is one of the most elite taiko drumming groups today. ... Chick Corea on the cover of sheet music book Chick Corea Collection Armando Anthony Chick Corea (born June 12, 1941) is an American jazz pianist/keyboardist and composer. ... Logo of the New York City Ballet The New York City Ballet is a ballet company founded in 1948 by choreographer George Balanchine and Lincoln Kirstein originally known as the American Ballet. ... Nigel Kennedy (born December 28, 1956 in Brighton, England) is a violinist and violist. ... Bryan Adams, OC, OBC b. ... James Brown, known variously as: Soul Brother Number One, the Godfather of Soul, Mr. ... Sir Elton Hercules John, CBE[1] (born March 25, 1947) is an English pop/rock singer, composer and pianist. ... Dame Kiri Te Kanawa ONZ, AC, DBE (born March 6, 1944), is an internationally famous New Zealand opera singer. ... Mikhail Nikolaevitch Baryshnikov (in Russian Михаил Николаевич Баришников) (born January 27, 1948) is a famous dancer and actor. ... The Catalan tenor Josep Carreras (born December 5, 1946) is a famous opera singer much admired for his Verdi and Puccini roles. ... Ephesus (Greek: Έφεσος see also List of traditional Greek place names, Turkish: Efes) was one of the great cities of the Ionian Greeks in Asia Minor, located in Lydia where the Cayster river flows into the Aegean Sea (in modern day Turkey). ... Ionia (Greek Ιωνία; see also List of traditional Greek place names) was an ancient region of southwestern coastal Anatolia (now in Turkey) on the Aegean Sea. ... Torbalı is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ...

The Izmir European Jazz Festival is among the numerous events organized every year by İKSEV (The İzmir Foundation for Culture, Arts and Education) since 1994. The festival aims to bring together masters and lovers of jazz in attempt of generating feelings of love, friendship and peace. The Izmir European Jazz Festival, (Turkish: Izmir Avrupa Caz Festivali) is a cultural event held in the first half of every March in Izmir, Turkey. ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal. // Events January Bill Clinton January 1 : North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) goes into effect. ... Jazz is an original American musical art form originating around the start of the 20th century in New Orleans. ...

Sports

Notable football clubs in İzmir are: Altay SK, Altınordu, Göztepe, İzmirspor and Karşıyaka SK. Football (soccer) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Category: ... Göztepe A.Åž. is a Turkish sports club in Güzelyalı, Ä°zmir. ... Karşıyaka SK is a Turkish football club from Ä°zmir. ...

International sport events

• 1971 - Mediterranean Games,
• 7 - 22 August, 2005 - Summer Universiade, the International University Sports Games,
• 2 - 7 September, 2005 - preliminary games of European Women's Basketball Championship,
• 4 - 9 July, 2006 - European Seniors Fencing Championship.
• 14 - 23 July, 2006 - U20 European Basketball Championship for Men

1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1971 calendar). ... The Mediterranean Games are a multi-sport games held every four years for nations bordering the Mediterranean Sea. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The 2005 Summer Universiade, also known as the XXIII Summer Universiade, took place in Izmir, Turkey. ... Eurobasket 2005 Women logo The 2005 European Women Basketball Championship, commonly called Eurobasket 2005 Women, was held in Turkey between 2 September and 11 September 2005. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Education

Following universities are located in İzmir:

• Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi
• Ege Üniversitesi
• İzmir University of Economics
• İzmir Institute of Technology
• Yaşar Üniversitesi

İzmir is also home to the fifth U.S. Space Camp in the world, Space Camp Turkey. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Ege University (or Aegean University; Ege Ãœniversitesi in Turkish) is a public university in Ä°zmir, Turkey. ... General Information Izmir University of Economics was established as a public corporation on April 14, 2001 by the Izmir Chamber of Commerce Education and Health Foundation with the initiative of the Izmir Chamber of Commerce according to Law No. ... Towering rockets in Rocket Park are a daily sight for campers at U.S. Space Camp. ...

Media and art mentioning İzmir

• The solo piano piece "In Smyrna" by Edward Elgar (1905);
• The novel/play Slow Train to Izmir by Mark Angus(date?);
• The book "Scotch and Holy Water" by John D. Tumpane (1981);
• The movie "You can't win'em all" with Tony Curtis and Charles Bronson (1970);
• The novel "Farewell Anatolia" by Dido Sotiriou (1991);
• The novel "Middlesex" by Jeffrey Eugenides (2002);
• The novel "Birds without Wings" by Louis de Bernières (2004);
• The novel/tv series "The Witches of Smyrna" by Mara Meimaridi (2005);

Sir Edward Elgar Sir Edward Elgar, 1st Baronet, OM, GCVO (2 June 1857 â€“ 23 February 1934) was an English composer. ... Slow Train to Izmir is a play written by Mark Angus. ... Roger Moore and Tony Curtis in The Persuaders! Tony Curtis (born June 3, 1925) is an American film actor. ... Charles Bronson This is about the actor. ... Jeffrey Kent Eugenides (b. ... Louis de Bernières (born London, UK on December 8, 1954) is a British novelist. ...

Famous people from İzmir

alphabetical order

• Sezen Aksu - Pop Singer
• Édouard Balladur - Former French Prime Minister
• Yakovos Bilek, German Basketball trainer
• Mahir Çağrı, Turkish internet phenomenon
• Necati Cumalı - Turkish novelist born in Florina, raised in nearby Urla
• Meltem Cumbul - Actress
• Nehir Erdoğan - Actress
• Gül Gölge - TV show host, model and actress
• Forbes Family
• Homer - Greek epic poet, see discussion above
• Attila İlhan
• Sir Alec Issigonis, British car designer whose most famous work is the Mini
• Manolis Kalomiris, Greek Composer
• Adamantios Korais, Greek Scholar and Writer
• Dario Moreno - Turkish-Jewish singer who made a remarkable career in France;
• James Justinian Morier, British Diplomat, Traveler and Writer
• Metin Oktay - Footballer
• Aristotelis Onassis - Famous Greek tycoon
• Alpay Özalan - Footballer
• Yüksel Pazarkaya, Writer
• Osman Pepe, Turkish minister
• Ahmet Adnan Saygun, Turkish Composer, Musician and Writer
• Giorgos Seferis - Greek poet, a Nobel laureate, born in nearby Urla
• Quintus Smyrnaeus - Greek epic poet
• Alev Tekinay, Linguist and Writer
• Yıldız Tilbe - Singer
• Sabbatai Zevi - Self-proclaimed messiah and founder of the community of Sabbateans

Sezen Aksu (13 July 1954) is a Turkish pop music singer, song-writer and producer, popular both with a mass audience in Turkey, and with world music fans internationally. ... Edouard Balladur, French statesman Édouard Balladur (born May 2, 1929) is a French politician. ... Mahir ÇaÄŸrı Mahir ÇaÄŸrı (IPA pron. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Necati Cumalı Necati Cumalı is a Turkish novelist, short-story writer and poet born in Florina, in Greece, in 1921 and whose family had settled in Urla near Ä°zmir in the framework of the 1923 agreement for Exchange of Greek and Turkish Populations. ... Florina (Greek: Φλώρινα; Bulgarian: Лерин/Lerin) is a town in Greece. ... Urla is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Meltem Cumbul Meltem Cumbul (born January 1, 1970 in Izmir) is a Turkish actress and TV personality. ... Nehir ErdoÄŸan (born June 16, 1980) is a Turkish actress from Izmir. ... Gül Gölge(born September 28,1981 in Izmir,Turkey)Gül is a well known anchor of the program Canlı Canlı aired on Kanal D.She is a model,actress and anchor. ... The Homère Caetani bust at the Louvre, a 2nd century Roman copy of a 2nd century BC Greek original. ... Attila Ä°lhan (June 15, 1925 – October 11, 2005) was a Turkish poet and author. ... Sir Alec Arnold Constantine Issigonis KBE FRS (November 18, 1906–October 2, 1988) was a designer of cars, now remembered chiefly for the development of the Austin Mini in 1959. ... For the new MINI, see MINI (BMW). ... Manolis Kalomiris, (1883–1962), was a greek composer. ... Adamantios Korais (April 27, 1748 - April 6, 1833) was a graduate of the University of Montpellier in 1788 and he spent most of his life as an expatriate in Paris. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ... The word Jew ( Hebrew: יהודי) is used in a wide number of ways, but generally refers to a follower of the Jewish faith, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity and often a combination of these attributes. ... James Justinian Morier (1780? - 1849), traveller and novelist, son of Isaac Morier, descended from a Huguenot family resident at Smyrna, where he was born, was educated at Harrow. ... Metin Oktay, born 1936 in Izmir,Turkey, was a legendary Turkish footballer in striker position. ... Aristotle Onassis Aristotle Onassis (Αριστοτέλης Ωνάσης) (January 15, 1906–March 15, 1975) was the most famous Greek shipping magnate of the 20th century. ... Alpay Özalan (born 29 May 1973 in Ä°zmir) is a Turkish football player. ... Ahmet Adnan Saygun (born in Izmir on September 7, 1907 - Died in Istanbul on January 6, 1991) was a Turkish composer, musicologist and writer on music. ... Giorgos Seferis (Γιώργος Σεφέρης) (February 19, 1900 – September 20, 1971) was one of the most important Greek poets of the 20th century. ... Nobel, (Swedish pronunciation: nou´bell ), can mean: Nobel Prize - awarded annually since 1901, from the request of Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel Nobel Prize in Physics Nobel Prize in Chemistry Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Nobel Prize for Literature Nobel Peace Prize Laureates/Winners of the Nobel Prize By Country... Urla is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Quintus Smyrnaeus, Greek epic poet, probably flourished in the latter part of the 4th century AD. He is sometimes called Quintus Calaber, because the only manuscript of his poem was discovered at Otranto in Calabria by Cardinal Bessarion in 1450. ... Yıldız Tilbe is a Turkish singer. ... Sabbatai Zevi, (שבתאי צבי Shabtai Tzvi in Hebrew) (also known as Shabbethai, Shabbetai, Sabbetai, or Shabtai; Zvi or Tzvi) (July 23, 1626–possibly September 30, 1676) was a claimed Messiah and Kabbalist. ... In Judaism, the Messiah (מָשִׁיחַ Standard Hebrew , Tiberian Hebrew , Aramaic ) initially meant any person who was anointed by a prophet of God. ...

Sister Cities

Image File history File links Flag_of_Azerbaijan. ... Satellite view of Baku The Baku harbour on the south of Absheron peninsula The Maiden Tower in old town Baku Baku (Azerbaijani: Bakı), sometimes known as Baky or Baki, is the capital of Azerbaijan. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_States. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Washington. ... City nickname Emerald City City bird Great Blue Heron City flower Dahlia City mottos The City of Flowers The City of Goodwill City song Seattle, the Peerless City Mayor Greg Nickels County King County Area   - Total   - Land   - Water   - % water 369. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Australia. ... Melbourne is the state capital and largest city in the Australian state of Victoria, and the second-largest city in Australia, with a population of approximately 3. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Germany. ... Bremen may mean: Bremen (city), the city in Germany itself Bremen Airport Bremen (state), which comprises the cities of Bremen and Bremerhaven Archbishopric of Bremen, a historical state to the north of the city Duchy of Bremen, a historical state created on the secularization of the archbishopric in 1648 Bremen... Image File history File links Flag_of_India. ... This article or section should be merged with Mumbai Mumbai (previously known as Bombay) is the worlds most populous conurbation, and is the sixth most populous agglomeration in the world. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Romania. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus. ... Famagusta (Greek: Αμμόχωστος, Ammochostos; Turkish: GazimaÄŸusa) is a city on the east coast of Cyprus and capital of the Famagusta District. ... Political status de facto: Independent de jure: Recognized only by Turkey Official language Turkish Capital LefkoÅŸa (Nicosia) , Founder Rauf DenktaÅŸ President Mehmet Ali Talat Prime Minister Ferdi Sabit Soyer House Speaker Fatma EkenoÄŸlu Area  - Total  - % water 3,355 km² 2. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Tel-Aviv was founded on empty dunes north of the existing city of Jaffa. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Uzbekistan. ... Colour photograph of a Madrasa taken in Samarkand ca. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_States. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_California. ... Location Location within Los Angeles County in the state of California Coordinates: Government Country State County United States California Los Angeles County Mayor Bob Foster Geographical characteristics Area 170. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Italy. ... Naples (Italian Napoli, Neapolitan Nàpule, from Greek Νέα Πόλις - Néa Pólis - meaning New City; see also List of traditional Greek place names) is the largest city in southern Italy and capital of Campania Region and the Province of Naples. ...

See also

• Smyrna
• İzmir International Fair

For other meanings of Smyrna, see Smyrna (disambiguation). ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

İzmir

• Photos of İzmir
• Tourist Information for İzmir
• İzmir International Fair
• Summer Universiade İzmir 2005
• İzmir Folk Music
• İzmir Guide and Photo Album
• İzmir Clock Tower Video
• (Turkish) Information about İzmir

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Wikimedia Commons logo by Reid Beels The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ...

References

Footnotes

The Artemis of Versailles, a Roman copy of a Hellenistic marble sculpture, now at the Louvre Museum. ... Professor Ekrem Akurgal was, during a career that spanned more than fifty years, a prominent and internationally famous Turkish archaeologist, who has conducted marking research in several sites along the western coast of Anatolia such as Phokaia (Foça), Pitane (Çandarlı), Erythrai (Ildırı) and old Smyrna (the Bayraklı tumulus... 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Balçova is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Narlıdere is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Lord Byron, English poet Lord Byron (1803), as painted by Elisabeth Vigee-Lebrun George Gordon Byron, 6th Baron Byron, (January 22, 1788 – April 19, 1824) was the most widely read English language poet of his day. ... March 8 is the 67th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (68th in Leap years). ... 1810 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

	Districts of İzmir
İzmir Metropolitan Districts: Balçova | Bornova | Buca | Çiğli | Gaziemir | Güzelbahçe | Karşıyaka | Konak | Narlıdere External districts: Aliağa | Bayındır | Bergama | Beydağ | Çeşme | Dikili | Foça | Karaburun | Kemalpaşa | Kınık | Kiraz | Menderes | Menemen | Ödemiş | Seferihisar | Selçuk | Tire | Torbalı | Urla Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Turkey. ... Balçova is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Bornova is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Buca is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... ÇiÄŸli is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Gaziemir is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Güzelbahçe is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Karsiyaka,Izmir Karsiyaka, a suburb of Izmir, in Izmir province, situated north of the Gulf of Izmir, an inlet of the Aegean Sea, Karsiyaka borders an industrial zone and a shipping yard to the east and a large forested area to the north. ... Konak is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Narlıdere is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... AliaÄŸa is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Bayındır is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Bergama, Turkey is the modern-day city that was known two millennia ago as Pergamum or Pergamon, home to the great world library. ... BeydaÄŸ is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... ÇeÅŸme is a small village on the west coast of Turkey. ... Dikili is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Satellite photo showing location of the ancient cities of Phocaea, Cyme and Smyrna Phocaea (modern-day Foça in Turkey) was an ancient Ionian Greek city on the western coast of Anatolia. ... Karaburun is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... KemalpaÅŸa is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Kınık is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Kiraz is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Menderes is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Menemen is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... ÖdemiÅŸ is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Seferihisar is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Ceremonies at St. ... Tire is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Torbalı is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ... Urla is a district of Ä°zmir Province of Turkey. ...