John Pierpont Morgan (April 17, 1837 – March 31, 1913) was an American financier, banker, philanthropist, and art collector who dominated corporate finance and industrial consolidation during his time. In 1892 Morgan arranged the merger of Edison General Electric and Thompson-Houston Electric Company to form General Electric. After financing the creation of the Federal Steel Company he merged the Carnegie Steel Company and several other steel and iron businesses to form the United States Steel Corporation in 1901. He bequeathed much of his large art collection to the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City and to the Wadsworth Atheneum of Hartford, Connecticut. At the height of Morgan's career during the early 1900s, he and his partners had financial investments in many large corporations. By 1901, he was one of the wealthiest men in the world. He died in Rome, Italy, in 1913 at the age of 75, leaving his fortune and business to his son, Jack Pierpont Morgan. JPMorgan Chase (NYSE: JPM) is one of the oldest financial services firms in the world. ... J. P. Morgan photo from http://teachpol. ... is the 107th day of the year (108th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Queen Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1837 - 1901) 1837 (MDCCCXXXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Hartford redirects here. ... is the 90th day of the year (91st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... For other uses, see Rome (disambiguation). ... Financier (IPA: /ËŒfi nãn ˈsjei/) is an elegant term for a person who handles large sums of money, usually involving money lending, financing projects, large-scale investing, or large-scale money management. ... For other uses, see Bank (disambiguation). ... John Pierpont Morgan, Jr. ... For other persons of the same name, see Anne Morgan (disambiguation). ... Junius Spencer Morgan (1813 - 1890) was a U.S. banker and financier. ... is the 107th day of the year (108th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Queen Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1837 - 1901) 1837 (MDCCCXXXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... is the 90th day of the year (91st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Domestic credit to private sector in 2005 Corporate finance is an area of finance dealing with the financial decisions corporations make and the tools and analysis used to make these decisions. ... Consolidation is the act of merging many things into one. ... “GE” redirects here. ... Carnegie-Illinois Steel blast furnaces in Etna, Pennsylvania (1941) Andrew Carnegie constructed a profitable steel mill at Braddock, Pennsylvania in the mid-1870s. ... The United States Steel Corporation (NYSE: X) is an integrated steel producer with major production operations in the United States and Central Europe. ... Metropolitan Museum of Art New York Elevation The Metropolitan Museum of Art, often referred to simply as the Met, is one of the worlds largest and most important art museums. ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... The Wadsworth Atheneum is the oldest public art museum in the United States and largest in the state of Connecticut. ... When used by itself in a sentence, the term Hartford can refer to one of several places in the United States. ... For other uses, see Rome (disambiguation). ... John Pierpont Morgan, Jr. ...

J.P. Morgan was born in Hartford, Connecticut to Junius Spencer Morgan (1813—1890) and Juliet Pierpont (1816—1884) of Boston, Massachusetts. Pierpont, as he preferred to be known, had a varied education due in part to interference by his father, Junius. In the fall of 1848, Pierpont transferred to the Hartford Public School and then to the Episcopal Academy in Cheshire, boarding with the principal. In September 1851, Morgan passed the entrance exam for English High School of Boston, a school specializing in mathematics to prepare young men for careers in commerce. Hartford redirects here. ... Junius Spencer Morgan (1813 - 1890) was a U.S. banker and financier. ... Boston redirects here. ... Location in Connecticut Coordinates: , NECTA Region Incorporated 1780 Government  - Type Council-manager  - Town manager Michael A. Milone  - Council Matt Hall, Mayor Elizabeth Esty, D-1 Thomas Ruocco, R-2 Diane Visconti, D-3 Tim White, R-4 Matthew Altieri D-at large Michael Ecke D-at large David Orsini, R... A sketch of the original Boston English School in the 1820s Founded in 1821, The English High School of Boston, Massachusetts, is the oldest public high school in America. ...

In the spring of 1852, illness that was to become more common as his life progressed struck; rheumatic fever left him in so much pain that he could not walk. Junius booked passage for Pierpont straight away on the ship Io, owned by Charles Dabney, to the Azores (Northern Portuguese islands) in order for him to recover. After convalescing for almost a year, Pierpont returned to the school in Boston to resume his studies. After graduating, his father sent him to Bellerive, a school near the Swiss village of Vevey. When Morgan had attained fluency in French, his father sent him to the University of Göttingen in order to improve his German. Attaining a passable level of German within six months, Morgan traveled back to London via Wiesbaden, his education complete. Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease which may develop after a Group A streptococcal infection (such as strep throat or scarlet fever) and can involve the heart, joints, skin, and brain. ... Motto (Portuguese for Rather die free than in peace subjugated) Anthem  (national)  (local) Capital Ponta Delgada1 Angra do Heroísmo2 Horta3 Largest city Ponta Delgada Official languages Portuguese Government Autonomous region  -  President Carlos César Establishment  -  Settled 1439   -  Autonomy 1976  Area  -  Total 2,333 km² (n/a) 911 sq mi... Bellerive is a village and a municipality of the Vully, situated in the district of Avenches, in the Canton of Vaud, in Switzerland. ... Vevey A house in Vevey Vevey is a town in Switzerland in the canton Vaud, on the north shore of Lake Geneva. ... The Georg-August University of Göttingen (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, often called the Georgia Augusta) was founded in 1734 by George II, King of Great Britain and Elector of Hanover, and opened in 1737. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... Wiesbaden is a city in central Germany. ...

Career

His Years

J.P. Morgan in his earlier years.

Morgan entered banking in his father's London branch in 1857, moving to New York City the next year where he worked at the banking house of Duncan, Sherman & Company, the American representatives of George Peabody & Company. From 1860 to 1864, as J. Pierpont Morgan & Company, he acted as agent in New York for his father's firm. By 1864-72, he was a member of the firm of Dabney, Morgan & Company; in 1871, he partnered with the Drexels of Philadelphia to form the New York firm of Drexel, Morgan & Company. During the American Civil War, Morgan was approached to finance the purchase of antiquated rifles being sold by the army for $3.50 each. Morgan's partner re-machined them and sold the rifles back to the army for $22 each. The military knew it was buying back its own guns, so the so-called 'scandal' turned out to be more about government inefficiency than any chicanery by Morgan (who never even saw the guns and acted only as a lender). Morgan himself, like many wealthy persons, including future Democratic president Grover Cleveland, avoided military service by paying $300 for a substitute.^[1] Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... Combatants United States of America (Union) Confederate States of America (Confederacy) Commanders Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee Strength 2,200,000 1,064,000 Casualties 110,000 killed in action, 360,000 total dead, 275,200 wounded 93,000 killed in action, 258,000 total...

After the 1893 death of Tony Drexel, the firm was rechristened J. P. Morgan & Company in 1895, and retained close ties with Drexel & Company of Philadelphia, Morgan, Harjes & Company of Paris, and J. S. Morgan & Company (after 1910 Morgan, Grenfell & Company), of London. By 1900, it was one of the most powerful banking houses of the world, carrying through many deals especially reorganizations and consolidations. Morgan had many partners over the years, such as George W. Perkins, but remained in firm charge.^[2] // Anthony Joseph Drexel I (1826-1893) Anthony Joseph Drexel I (September 13, 1826 – June 30, 1893) was a financier, banker, partner of J.P. Morgan and founder of Drexel University Birth He was born in 1826 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to Francis Martin Drexel (1792-1863) and Catherine Hookey (1795-?). Anthony... George W. Perkins George Walbridge Perkins, Sr. ...

Morgan's ascent to power was accompanied by dramatic financial battles. He wrested control of the Albany and Susquehanna Railroad from Jay Gould and Jim Fisk in 1869. He led the syndicate that broke the government-financing privileges of Jay Cooke, and soon became deeply involved in developing and financing a railroad empire by reorganizations and consolidations in all parts of the United States. Albany & Susquehanna Railroad was chartered April 19, 1851 Completed Albany to Schoharie Junction (35 mi. ... Jay Gould (1836-1892) Jason Gould (May 27, 1836 – December 2, 1892) was an American financier. ... James Fisk, Jr. ... Jay Cooke (August 10, 1821-February 8, 1905), American financier, was born at Sandusky, Ohio, the son of Eleutheros Cooke (1787-1864), a pioneer Ohio lawyer, and Whig member of Congress from that state in 1831-1833. ... This is the top-level page of WikiProject trains Rail tracks Rail transport refers to the land transport of passengers and goods along railways or railroads. ...

He raised large sums in Europe, but instead of only handling the funds, he helped the railroads reorganize and achieve greater efficiencies. He fought against the speculators interested in speculative profits, and built a vision of an integrated transportation system. In 1885, he reorganized the New York, West Shore & Buffalo Railroad, leasing it to the New York Central. In 1886, he reorganized the Philadelphia & Reading, and in 1888 the Chesapeake & Ohio. He was heavily involved with railroad tycoon James J. Hill and the Great Northern Railway. For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... The New York Central Railroad, known simply as the New York Central in its publicity and with the AAR reporting mark of NYC, was a railroad operating in the North-Eastern United States. ... The Chesapeake and Ohio Railway (C&O) was a Class I railroad formed in 1869 in Virginia from many smaller railroads begun in the 19th century. ... James J. Hill at about age 35, ca. ... A Great Northern train pauses for the photographer four miles west of Minot, North Dakota in 1914. ...

After Congress passed the Interstate Commerce Act in 1887, Morgan set up conferences in 1889 and 1890 that brought together railroad presidents in order to help the industry follow the new laws and write agreements for the maintenance of "public, reasonable, uniform and stable rates." The conferences were the first of their kind, and by creating a community of interest among competing lines paved the way for the great consolidations of the early 20th century. The American Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 created the Interstate Commerce Commissirs of the commission were appointed by the President with the consent of the Senate. ...

Morgan's process of taking over troubled businesses to reorganize them was known as "Morganization".^[3] Morgan reorganized business structures and management in order to return them to profitability. His reputation as a banker and financier also helped bring interest from investors to the businesses he took over.^[4]

In 1895, at the depths of the Panic of 1893, the Federal Treasury was nearly out of gold. President Grover Cleveland arranged for Morgan to create a private syndicate on Wall Street to supply the U.S. Treasury with $65 million in gold, half of it from Europe, to float a bond issue that restored the treasury surplus of $100 million. The episode saved the Treasury but hurt Cleveland with the agrarian wing of his Democratic party and became an issue in the election of 1896, when banks came under withering attack from William Jennings Bryan. Morgan and Wall Street bankers donated heavily to Republican William McKinley, who was elected in 1896 and reelected in 1900 on a gold standard platform. ^[5] The Panic of 1893 was a serious decline in the economy of the United States that began in 1893 and was precipitated in part by a run on the gold supply. ... Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837 – June 24, 1908), the twenty-second and twenty-fourth President of the United States, was the only President to serve non-consecutive terms (1885–1889 and 1893–1897). ... The History of the Democratic Party is an account of a continuously supported political party in the United States of America. ... For other persons of the same name, see William Bryan. ... This article is about the 25th President of the United States; for other people named William McKinley, see William McKinley (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Gold standard (disambiguation). ...

In 1902, J. P. Morgan & Co. purchased the Leyland line of Atlantic steamships and other British lines, creating an Atlantic shipping combine, the International Mercantile Marine Company, which eventually became the owner of White Star Line, builder and operator of RMS Titanic. Damaged package The Panama canal. ... The International Mercantile Marine Co. ... For other uses, see White star. ... For other uses, see Titanic (disambiguation). ...

Later years

J.P. Morgan, photographed by Edward Steichen in 1903

After the death of his father in 1890, Morgan took control of J. S. Morgan & Co (re-named Morgan, Grenfell & Company in 1910). Morgan began talks with Charles M. Schwab, president of Carnegie Co., and businessman Andrew Carnegie in 1900 with the intention of buying Carnegie's business and several other steel and iron businesses to consolidate them to create the United States Steel Corporation.^[6] Carnegie agreed to sell the business to Morgan for $480 million.^[6] The deal was closed without lawyers and without a written contract. News of the industrial consolidation arrived to newspapers in mid-January 1901. U.S. Steel was founded later that year and was the first billion-dollar company in the world with an authorized capitalization of $1.4 billion.^[6][7] Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Edward Steichen, photographed by Fred Holland Day Edward Steichen (March 27, 1879–March 25, 1973) was an American photographer, painter, and art gallery and museum curator, born in Bivange, Luxembourg. ... Year 1903 (MCMIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ... J. S. Morgan & Co. ... Charles Michael Schwab; the hand-written dedication is to Andrew Carnegie For the founder and CEO of the Charles Schwab Corporation brokerage firm, see Charles R. Schwab. ... Andrew Carnegie (last name pronounced IPA: )[1] (November 25, 1835 – August 11, 1919) was a Scottish industrialist, businessman, a major philanthropist, and the founder of Pittsburghs Carnegie Steel Company which later became U.S. Steel. ... The United States Steel Corporation (NYSE: X) is an integrated steel producer with major production operations in the United States and Central Europe. ... Capitalization (or capitalisation) is writing a word with its first letter as a majuscule (upper case letter) and the remaining letters in minuscules (lower case letters), in those writing systems which have a case distinction. ...

Titties, titties, big fat titties. U.S. Steel aimed to achieve greater economies of scale, reduce transportation and resource costs, expand product lines, and improve distribution.^[6] It was also planned to allow the United States to compete globally with Britain and Germany. U.S. Steel's size was claimed by Schwab and others to allow the company to pursue distant international markets-globalization.^[6] U.S. Steel was regarded as a monopoly by critics, as the business was attempting to dominate not only steel but also the construction of bridges, ships, railroad cars and rails, wire, nails, and a host of other products. With U.S. Steel, Morgan had captured two-thirds of the steel market, and Schwab was confident that the company would soon hold a 75 percent market share.^[6] However, since 1901 the businesses' market share dropped, never reaching Schwab's dream of 75 percent market share. The increase in output from Q to Q2 causes a decrease in the average cost of each unit from C to C1. ... The rise of multinational corporations and outsourcing have played a crucial part in globalization. ... This article is about the economic term. ...

Morgan also financed manufacturing and mining businesses and controlled banks, insurance companies, shipping lines, and communications systems. Through his firm came enormous funds from abroad to help develop American resources. This article is about mineral extractions. ... Insurance, in law and economics, is a form of risk management primarily used to hedge against the risk of a contingent loss. ...

Enemies of banking attacked Morgan for the terms of his loan of gold to the federal government in the 1895 crisis, for his financial resolution of the Panic of 1907, and for bringing on the financial ills of the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad. In December 1912, Morgan testified before the Pujo Committee, a subcommittee of the House Banking and Currency committee. The committee ultimately found that the partners of J.P. Morgan & Co. along with the directors of First National and National City Bank controlled aggregate resources of $22.245 billion. Louis Brandeis, the former U.S. Supreme Court Justice, compared this sum to the value of all the property in the twenty-two states west of the Mississippi River.^[8] A federal government is the common government of a federation. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad (AAR reporting mark NH) was a railroad that operated in the northeast United States. ... The Pujo Committee was a congressional subcommittee which was formed between May 1912 and January 1913 to investigate the so-called money trust, a small group of Wall Street bankers that exerted powerful control over the nations finances. ... Louis Dembitz Brandeis (November 13, 1856 – October 5, 1941) was an American litigator, Supreme Court Justice, advocate of privacy, and developer of the Brandeis Brief. ... For the river in Canada, see Mississippi River (Ontario). ...

In 1900, Morgan financed inventor Nikola Tesla and his Wardenclyffe Tower with $150,000 for experiments in radio. However, in 1903, when the tower structure was near completion, it was still not yet functional due to last-minute design changes that introduced an unintentional defect. When Morgan wanted to know "Where can I put the meter?", Tesla had no answer. Tesla's vision of free power did not agree with Morgan's worldview; nor would it pay for the maintenance of the transmission system. Construction costs eventually exceeded the money provided by Morgan, and additional financiers were reluctant to come forth. By July 1904, Morgan (and the other investors) finally decided they would not provide any additional financing. Morgan also encouraged other investors to avoid the project. Nikola Tesla (1856-1943)[1] was a world-renowned Serbian inventor, physicist, mechanical engineer and electrical engineer. ... Wardenclyffe Tower located in Shoreham], Long Island, New York. ...

At the height of Morgan's career during the early 1900s, he and his partners controlled directly and indirectly assets worth $1.3 billion. ^[9]

Personal life

Self-conscious about his rosacea, Morgan hated being photographed.

Morgan was a lifelong member of the Protestant Episcopal Church, and by 1890 was one of its most influential leaders. Image File history File links Jpmorgan. ... Image File history File links Jpmorgan. ... Rosacea (IPA: ) is a common but often misunderstood condition that is estimated to affect over 45 million people worldwide. ... This article is about the Episcopal Church in the United States. ...

In 1861, he married Amelia Sturges, known as Mimi (1835–1862). After her death the next year, he married Frances Louisa Tracy, known as Fanny (1842–1924) on May 3, 1863. They had four children:

• John Pierpont Morgan (1867–1943),
• Louisa Pierpont Morgan (1866–1946) who married Herbert Penny Livingston Satterlee <ref: J. Pierpont Morgan, Satterlee, Herbert L., New York: The Macmillan Company, 1939> (1863–1947),
• Juliet Morgan (1870–1952), and
• Anne Morgan (1873–1952).

He often had a tremendous physical effect on people; one man said that a visit from Morgan left him feeling "as if a gale had blown through the house."^[10] This was because he had a massive 16" dick and whipped that shit out at social events whenever possible. Morgan was physically large with massive shoulders, piercing eyes and a purple nose, because of a childhood skin disease, boom shaka lakarosacea.^[11] His grotesquely deformed nose was due to a disease called rhinophyma, which is the end result of acne rosacea. As the deformity worsens, pits, nodules, fissures, lobulations, and pedunculation contort the nose into grotesque cosmetic problems. This condition inspired the taunt "Johny Morgan's nasal organ has a purple hue."^[12] Surgeons could have shaved away the rhinophymous growth of sebaceous tissue during Morgan's lifetime, but as a child Morgan suffered from infantile seizures, and it is suspected that he did not seek surgery for his nose because he feared the seizures would return. His social and professional self-confidence were too well established to be undermined by this affliction. It appeared as if he dared people to meet him squarely and not shrink from the sight, asserting the force of his character over the ugliness of his face.^[13] He was known to dislike publicity and hated being photographed; as a result of his self-consciousness of his rosacea, all of his professional portraits were retouched. John Pierpont Morgan, Jr. ... For other persons of the same name, see Anne Morgan (disambiguation). ... Rosacea (IPA: ) is a common but often misunderstood condition that is estimated to affect over 45 million people worldwide. ... Rhinophyma is a descriptive term for a large, bulbous, ruddy appearance of the nose caused by granulomatous infiltration. ...

Morgan smoked dozens of cigars per day and favored large Havana cigars dubbed Hercules' Clubs by observers.^[14] This article is about the capital of Cuba. ...

His house on Madison Avenue was the first electrically lit private residence in New York. His interest in the new technology was a result of his financing Thomas Edison's Edison Electric Illuminating Company in 1878.^[15] Edison redirects here. ... This company was organized on December 17, 1880, to construct generating stations in New York City. ... 1878 (MDCCCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

J. P. Morgan's yacht Corsair, later bought by the U.S. Government and renamed the USS Gloucester to serve in the Spanish-American War. Photograph by J. S. Johnston.

An avid yachtsman, Morgan owned several sizable yachts. The well-known quote, "If you have to ask the price, you can't afford it" is commonly attributed to Morgan in response to a question about the cost of maintaining a yacht, but the actual wording of the original statement is a bit obscure.^[16] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 574 pixelsFull resolution (900 × 646 pixel, file size: 95 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) J. P. Morgans yacht Corsair - later the USS Gloucester - as photographed about 1893. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 574 pixelsFull resolution (900 × 646 pixel, file size: 95 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) J. P. Morgans yacht Corsair - later the USS Gloucester - as photographed about 1893. ... USS Gloucester The first USS Gloucester was a gunboat in the United States Navy. ... Combatants United States Republic of Cuba Philippine Republic Spain Commanders Nelson A. Miles William R. Shafter George Dewey Máximo Gómez Emilio Aguinaldo Patricio Montojo Pascual Cervera Arsenio Linares Ramón Blanco Casualties 3,289 U.S. dead (432 from combat); considerably higher although undetermined Cuban and Filipino casualties... Yacht Valkyrie III as photographed by John S. Johnston in 1895. ...

Morgan was scheduled to travel on the maiden voyage of RMS Titanic, but canceled at the last minute.^[17] The Titanic was owned and operated by the White Star Line, and Morgan had his very own private suite and promenade deck on the ship. For other uses, see Titanic (disambiguation). ...

Morgan died while traveling abroad in Rome. On March 31, 1913, just shy of his seventy-sixth birthday, Morgan died in his sleep at the Grand Hotel. Nearly 4,000 condolence letters were received there overnight and flags on Wall Street flew at half-staff. The stock market was also closed for two hours when his body passed through Wall Street. ^[18] For other uses, see Rome (disambiguation). ... is the 90th day of the year (91st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Elaborate marble facade of NYSE as seen from the intersection of Broad and Wall Streets For other uses, see Wall Street (disambiguation). ... This does not cite any references or sources. ... Elaborate marble facade of NYSE as seen from the intersection of Broad and Wall Streets For other uses, see Wall Street (disambiguation). ...

At the time of his death, he had an estate worth $68.3 million ($1.39 billion in today's dollars), of which about $30 million represented his share in the New York and Philadelphia banks. The value of his art collection was estimated at $50 million.^[19]

His remains were interred in the Cedar Hill Cemetery in his birthplace of Hartford, Connecticut. Hartford redirects here. ...

His son, J. P. Morgan, Jr., inherited the banking business.^[20] John Pierpont Morgan, Jr. ...

Art, book and gemstone collector

Morgan was a notable collector of books, pictures, and, other art objects, many loaned or given to the Metropolitan Museum of Art (of which he was president and was a major force in its establishment), and many housed in his London house and in his private library on 36th Street, near Madison Avenue in New York City. His son, J. P. Morgan, Jr., made the Pierpont Morgan Library a public institution in 1924 as a memorial to his father and kept Belle da Costa Greene, his father's private librarian, as its first director.^[21] Morgan was painted by many artists including the Peruvian Baca Flor and the Swiss-born American Adolfo Müller-Ury, who also painted a double portrait of Morgan with his favourite grandchild Mabel Satterlee that for some years stood on an easel in the Satterlee mansion but has now disappeared. Metropolitan Museum of Art New York Elevation The Metropolitan Museum of Art, often referred to simply as the Met, is one of the worlds largest and most important art museums. ... Madison Avenue is a north-south avenue in the borough of Manhattan in New York City which carries northbound one-way traffic. ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... John Pierpont Morgan, Jr. ... The Morgan Library & Museum (formerly The Pierpont Morgan Library) is a museum and research library in New York City. ... For the rap album, see 1924 (album). ... Belle da Costa Greene (December 13, 1883 - May 10, 1950) Librarian to J. P. Morgan and after his death she became the first director of the Pierpont Morgan Library. ... Adolfo Müller-Ury (1862-1947) was a Swiss-born American portrait painter. ...

The J.P. Morgan Library and Art Museum

By the turn of the century JP Morgan had become one of America's most important collectors of gems and had assembled the most important gem collection in the U.S. as well as of American gemstones (over 1000 pieces). Tiffany & Co. actually assembled his first collection — which basically implied that their "chief gemologist" George Frederick Kunz built the collection for JP Morgan — which was exhibited at the World's Fair in Paris in 1889. The exhibit won two golden awards and drew the attention of important scholars, lapidaries and the general public.^[22] Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Tiffany Blue seen here on a Tiffany gift box. ... George Frederick Kunz (September 29, 1856 – June 29, 1932) was an American mineralogist. ...

George Frederick Kunz then continued to build a second, even finer, collection which was exhibited in Paris in 1900. Collections have been donated to the American Museum of Natural History in New York where they were known as the Morgan-Tiffany and the Morgan-Bement collections.^[23] In 1911 Kunz named a newly found gem after his biggest customer: morganite. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Morganite is a pink coloured gem quality beryl, orange/yellow morganite is sometimes found also, it turns pink upon high temperature treatment. ...

A number of U.S. gemstones from the Morgan collection, considered the best in the world.

Morgan was a benefactor of the American Museum of Natural History, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Groton School, Harvard University (especially its medical school), Trinity College, the Lying-in Hospital of the City of New York, and the New York trade schools. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 367 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (526 × 859 pixel, file size: 33 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) George Frederick Kunz, History of Gems Found in North Carolina, Raleigh, 1907. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 367 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (526 × 859 pixel, file size: 33 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) George Frederick Kunz, History of Gems Found in North Carolina, Raleigh, 1907. ... Metropolitan Museum of Art New York Elevation The Metropolitan Museum of Art, often referred to simply as the Met, is one of the worlds largest and most important art museums. ... Groton School is a private, Episcopal, college preparatory boarding school located in Groton, Massachusetts, U.S. It enrolls approximately 350 boys and girls, from the eighth (Second Form) through twelfth grades (Sixth Form). ... Harvard redirects here. ... Harvard Medical School (HMS) is one of the graduate schools of Harvard University. ... Trinity College is a private liberal arts college in Hartford, Connecticut. ...

Morgan was also a patron to photographer Edward S. Curtis, offering Curtis $75,000 in 1906, for a series on the Native Americans. Curtis eventually published a 20-volume work entited "The North American Indian."^[24] Curtis went on to produce a motion picture In The Land Of The head Hunters (1914), which was later restored in 1974 and re-released as In The Land Of The War Canoes. Curtis was also famous for a 1911 Magic Lantern slide show The Indian Picture Opera which used his photos and original musical compositions by composer Henry F. Gilbert.^[25] For other persons named Edward Curtis, see Edward Curtis (disambiguation). ... This article is about the people indigenous to the United States. ... The Indian Picture Opera, A magic lantern slide show by Edward S. Curtis In the early 1900s, famed photographer Edward S. Curtis published the renowned 20-volume book subscription entitled The North American Indian. He compiled about 2400 photographs with detailed ethnological and language studies of tribes of the...

Legacy

His son, J. P. Morgan, Jr. took over the business at his father's death, but was never as influential. As required by the 1933 Glass-Steagall Act, the "House of Morgan" became three entities: J.P. Morgan and Co. and its bank, Morgan Guaranty Trust; Morgan Stanley, an investment house; and Morgan Grenfell in London, an overseas securities house. John Pierpont Morgan, Jr. ... Two separate United States laws are known as the Glass-Steagall Act. ... JPMorgan Chase (NYSE: JPM) is one of the oldest financial services firms in the world. ... Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) is one of the largest and the most reputed investment banks headquartered in New York City. ... J. S. Morgan & Co. ...

The gemstone Morganite was named in his honor. ^[26] Morganite is a pink coloured gem quality beryl, orange/yellow morganite is sometimes found also, it turns pink upon high temperature treatment. ...

Popular culture

In his satirical history of the United States, It All Started with Columbus, Richard Armour commented that "Morgan, who was a direct sort of person, made his money in money... He became immensely wealthy because of his financial interests, most of which were around eight or ten percent... This Morgan is usually spoken of as 'J.P.' to distinguish him from Henry Morgan, the pirate." Richard Armour (1906–1989) was an American poet. ... Sir Henry Morgan (Hari Morgan in Welsh), (ca. ...

Bertolt Brecht the German writer based the figure of Pierpont Mauler the beef tycoon in his play Saint Joan of the Stockyards on Morgan. {{dy justified his choice of form, and from about 1929 on he began to interpret its penchant for contradictions, much as had Eisenstein, in terms of the dialectic. ... Saint Joan of the Stockyards is a play written by Bertolt Brecht in 1928 after the success of his play, The Threepenny Opera. ...

In the musical How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying, the character J. Pierrepont Finch is portrayed as a rising, powerful businessman; his character is possibly an allegory of Morgan's. The character Mr. Bratt alludes to the nominal similarity in the beginning of the show: "Pierrepont. Say, maybe that ought to be J. Pierrepont Finch." How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying is a 1961 musical, initially running for 1,417 performances. ...

J. P. Morgan appears in E. L. Doctorow's novel Ragtime, and in the broadway musical inspired by it of the same name. E.L. Doctorow, photograph by Jill Krementz, from back cover of Doctorows 1975 novel Ragtime Edgar Lawrence Doctorow (born January 6, 1931, New York, New York) is the author of several critically acclaimed novels that blend history and social criticism. ... This article is about the 1975 novel. ... Ragtime is a musical with a book by Terrence McNally, lyrics by Lynn Ahrens, and music by Stephen Flaherty. ...

J.P. Morgan is mentioned, by name, by Oliver Warbucks in the broadway musical, Annie. Lieutenant General Oliver Daddy Warbucks is a fictional character from the comic strip Little Orphan Annie. ... Musical theater (or theatre) is a form of theater combining music, songs, dance, and spoken dialogue. ... For other uses, see Annie (disambiguation). ...

A highly fictionalized version of J. P. Morgan appears in Matt Fraction and Steven Sanders' graphic novel The Five Fists of Science. Matt Fraction at Heroes Con 2006. ... Cover of The Five Fists of Science graphic novel by Steven Sanders The Five Fists of Science is a steampunk graphic novel created by writer Matt Fraction and artist Steven Sanders and published by Image Comics. ...

It has been said that Morgan canceled his suite on the Titanic for its maiden voyage because his French mistress retained him in Paris. As a result, he missed the boarding in Cherbourg and was very angry. But he realized a few days later that his mistress had saved his life. This article is about the capital of France. ... Cherbourg is a city of Normandy, in northwestern France, in the Manche département, of which it is a sous_préfecture. ...

See also

• Dwight Morrow
• George Peabody
• H. B. Hollins
• JPMorgan Chase & Co.
• Morgan Stanley
• List of personalities associated with Wall Street

Image File history File links Wikisource-logo. ... The original Wikisource logo. ... Time Magazine, October 12, 1925 Dwight Whitney Morrow (January 11, 1873–October 5, 1931) was an American businessman, politician, and diplomat. ... George Peabody (February 18, 1795 – November 4, 1869) was an entrepreneur and philanthropist who founded the Peabody Institute. ... Harry Bowly Hollins (1854 – February 24, 1938) was an American financier, banker, and railroad magnate. ... JPMorgan Chase (NYSE: JPM) is one of the oldest financial services firms in the world. ... Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) is one of the largest and the most reputed investment banks headquartered in New York City. ... Over the years, certain persons associated with Wall Street have become famous, even legendary. ...

Notes

Howard Zinn (born August 24, 1922) is an American historian, political scientist, social critic, activist and playwright, best known as author of the bestseller[5] , A Peoples History of the United States. ... A Peoples History of the United States, 2003 hardcover edition A Peoples History of the United States is a nonfiction book by American historian and political scientist Howard Zinn, in which he seeks to present American history through the eyes of groups he says are rarely heard in... BusinessWeek is a business magazine published by McGraw-Hill. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 5th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Modern Marvels introductory title. ... is the 285th day of the year (286th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the band, see 1997 (band). ...

References

• Atwood, Albert W. and Erickson, Erling A. "Morgan, John Pierpont, (Apr. 17, 1837 - Mar. 31, 1913)," in Dictionary of American Biography, Volume 7 (1934)
• Auchincloss, Louis. J.P. Morgan : The Financier as Collector Harry N. Abrams, Inc. (1990) ISBN 0-8109-3610-0
• Brandeis, Louis D. Other People's Money and How the Bankers Use It. Ed. Melvin I. Urofsky. New York: Bedford Books, 1995. ISBN 0-312-10314-X
• Bryman Jeremy, J. P. Morgan: Banker to a Growing Nation : Morgan Reynolds Publishing (2001) ISBN 1-883846-60-9
• Carosso, Vincent P. The Morgans: Private International Bankers, 1854-1913. Harvard U. Press, 1987. 888 pp. ISBN 978-0674587298
• Carosso, Vincent P. Investment Banking in America: A History Harvard University Press (1970)
• Chernow, Ron. The House of Morgan: An American Banking Dynasty and the Rise of Modern Finance, (2001) ISBN 0-8021-3829-2
• Fraser, Steve. Every Man a Speculator: A History of Wall Street in American Life HarperCollins (2005)
• Garraty, John A. Right-Hand Man: The Life of George W. Perkins. (1960) ISBN 978-0313201868
• Geisst; Charles R. Wall Street: A History from Its Beginnings to the Fall of Enron. Oxford University Press. 2004. online edition
• John Moody; The Masters of Capital: A Chronicle of Wall Street Yale University Press, (1921) online edition
• Morris, Charles R. The Tycoons: How Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller, Jay Gould, and J. P. Morgan Invented the American Supereconomy (2005) ISBN 978-0805081343
• Strouse, Jean. Morgan: American Financier. Random House, 1999. 796 pp. ISBN 978-0679462750

Louis Dembitz Brandeis (November 13, 1856 – October 5, 1941) was an American litigator, Supreme Court Justice, advocate of privacy, and developer of the Brandeis Brief. ... Other Peoples Money and How the Bankers Use It is a collection of essays written by Louis Brandeis published as a book in 1914. ...

External links

• George LaBarre Galleries : J. Pierpont Morgan autographed New Jersey Junction Railroad 100-year Bond dated 1886.