J. Posadas (1912-1981) (occasionally referred to as Juan Posadas), was the pseudonym of Homero Cristali, an Argentinian Trotskyist. Born in Argentina to Italian immigrants he gained fame playing football for La Plata Estudientes in his youth. In the 1930s he worked as a shoemaker and organised a shoemakers? and leather workers? union in Cordoba, Argentina. This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... 1912 is a leap year starting on Monday. ... 1981 is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A pseudonym (Greek: false name) is a fictitious name used by an individual as an alternative to their legal name (whereas an allonym is the name of another actual person assumed by one person in authorship of a work of art; e. ... Motto: En Unión y Libertad (English: In Union and Liberty) Anthem: Himno Nacional Argentino Capital Buenos Aires 34°20′ S 58°30′ W Largest city Buenos Aires Official languages Spanish Government President Democratic Republic Néstor Kirchner Independence - May Revolution - Declared - Recognised from Spain May 25, 1810 July 9... Trotskyism is the theory of Marxism as advocated by Leon Trotsky. ... The striker (wearing red jersey) has run past the defender (in white jersey) and is about to take a shot at the goal, while the goalkeeper positions himself to stop the ball. ... 1930 is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... Córdoba most commonly means Córdoba, Spain, a famous city in Spain inhabited since the time of ancient Rome, and the seat of the Emir of Córdoba and the Caliph of Córdoba. ...

During this period he stood as a candidate for election in Buenos Aires province for the Partido Socialista Obrero. He then joined the Partido de la Revolución Socialista, which affiliated to the Fourth International in 1941. Buenos Aires (Good Air in Spanish, originally meaning Fair Winds) is the capital of Argentina and its largest city and port, as well as one of the largest cities in South America. ... Emblem of the Fourth International The Fourth International was an international organisation of Trotskyist communists. ... 1941 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ...

In the Trotskyist movement

Posadas became the leader of the Latin America Bureau of the Fourth International and, under his guidance, the movement gained some influence in the region, particularly among Cuban railway workers, Bolivian tin miners and agricultural workers in Brazil.

When the Fourth International split in 1953, Posadas and his followers sided with Michel Pablo and the International Secretariat of the Fourth International. By 1959, however, he and his followers were quarrelling with the leadership of the ISFI accusing them of lacking confidence in the possibility of revolution. The also differed over the issue of nuclear war with Posadas taking the view that "?War?Revolution" would "settle the hash of Stalinism and capitalism" and that nuclear war was inevitable and desirable as a socialist society would rise from the ashes. Posadas and his international followers, who were concentrated in Latin America, split from the ISFI in 1962 prior to its rectification of the 1953 split with the International Committee of the Fourth International. 1953 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... Michel Pablo (August 24, 1911 - February 17, 1996 ) was the pseudonym of Michel N. Raptis, a Greek Trotskyist leader. ... Initially the title International Secretariat of the Fourth International was the name given to the executive committee responsible for the regular operation of the Fourth International (FI) founded in 1938. ... Nuclear War is a card game designed by Douglas Malewicki, and originally published in 1966. ... Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ... 1962 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... The International Committee of the Fourth International (ICFI) is a Trotskyist international. ...

Nuclear war

The "Posadists" founded the Fourth International (Posadist) in 1962. At their founding conference the movement proclaimed that ?Atomic war is inevitable. It will destroy half of humanity: it is going to destroy immense human riches. It is very possible. The atomic war is going to provoke a true inferno on Earth. But it will not impede Communism.? The Trotskyist-Posadist IVth International is a Trotskyist international organisation founded in 1962 by Juan Posadas who was leader of the Latin America Bureau of the Fourth International in the 1950s as well as the section of the FI in Argentina. ...

We are preparing ourselves for a stage in which before the atomic war we shall struggle for power, during the atomic war we shall struggle for power and we shall be in power. There is no beginning? there is an end to atomic war, because atomic war is simultaneous revolution in the whole world, not as a chain reaction, simultaneous. Simultaneous doesn't mean the same day and the same hour. Great historic events should not be measured by hours or days, but by periods? The working class will maintain itself, [and] will immediately have to seek its cohesion and centralisation?

After destruction commences, the masses are going to emerge in all countries - in a short time, in a few hours. Capitalism cannot defend itself in an atomic war except by putting itself in caves and attempting to destroy all that it can. The masses, in contrast, are going to come out, will have to come out, because it is the only way to survive, defeating the enemy? The apparatus of capitalism, police, army, will not be able to resist? It will be necessary to organise the workers' power immediately.

Poasdas wrote that ?Nuclear war [equals] revolutionary war. It will damage humanity but it will not ? it cannot ? destroy the level of consciousness reached by it? Humanity will pass quickly through a nuclear war into a new human society ? Socialism.?

J. Posadas' enthusiasm for nuclear war and "worker's bombs" escalated in the 1970s with the Posadist movement issuing demands that the Soviet Union and People's Republic of China begin a "preventative war" against the United States in order to finish off capitalism.

Cuba

The Posadist group in Cuba gained importance due to the Cuban Revolution in which it had a minor role. Posadist guerrillas fought alongside Fidel Castro and Che Guevara in 1959. When the Posadists split from the Fourth International in 1962 they took the Cuban section with them leaving meaning no other Trotskyist group was represented in Cuba in the 1960s. Czechoslovak poster saying: We greet the heroic Cuban people. The Cuban Revolution was the overthrow of Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista by the 26th of July Movement and the establishment of a new government led by Fidel Castro in the 1950s. ... Cuban President Fidel Castro Fidel Castro Ruz (born August 13, 1926), has led Cuba since 1959, when, leading the 26th of July Movement, he overthrew the regime of Fulgencio Batista, and transformed Cuba into the first Communist state in the Western Hemisphere. ... Che Guevara Dr. Ernesto Rafael Guevara de la Serna (June 14, 1928¹ – October 9, 1967), commonly known as Che Guevara or el Che, was an Argentine-born Marxist revolutionary and Cuban guerrilla leader. ... 1959 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The Posadist group took a provocative position arguing, in 1961, that the Cuban government should forcibly expel the American military base at Guantanamo Bay and going to the extent of trying to organise workers in the town of Guantánamo to march on the nearby military base. This alarmed the Cuban government which looked the other way when, in April 1961, the Stalinist party, the Partido Socialista Popular, raided the headquarters of the Posadas group and smashed their printing press which was in the process of printing an edition of Trotsky's The Permanent Revolution. Map of Cuba with location of Guantanamo Bay indicated. ... Map of Cuba with the location of Guantanamo Bay indicated Guantanamo (Spanish spelling: Guantánamo) is a city in southeast Cuba, capital of the Guantánamo Province. ... 1961 was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Stalinism is a brand of political theory, and the political and economic system implemented by Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union. ... 1915 passport photo of Trotsky Leon Davidovich Trotsky (Russian: Лев Давидович Троцкий; also transliterated Trotskii, Trotski, Trotzky) (October 26 (O.S.) = November 7 (N.S.), 1879 - August 21, 1940), born Lev Davidovich Bronstein (Лев Давидович Бронштейн), was a Bolshevik revolutionary and Marxist intellectual. ...

Guevara, when asked in an interview about this event, commented:

"That did happen. It was an error. It was an error committed by a functionary of second rank. They smashed the plates. It should not have been done. However, we consider the Trotskyist party to be acting against the revolution. For example, they were taking the line that the Revolutionary Government is petty bourgeois, and were calling on the proletariat to exert pressure on the government and even to carry out another revolution in which the proletariat would come to power. This was prejudicing the discipline necessary at this stage."

The Cuban Posadist group became increasingly bellicose and was banned by the government, Castro denonuncing them as "pestilential" at the Tricontinental Congress held in January 1966. Cuban Posadists went on to claim that Castro had Guevara killed when, it turned out, he was actually in Bolivia fighting with the guerrilla movement there. Conversely, after Guevara was executed by Bolivian authorities, Posadas claimed in 1967 that Che Gurevara wasn't actually dead but was being kept in prison by Castro's government. Petit-bourgeois or Anglicised petty bourgeois is a French term that reffered to the members of the lower middle social-classes. ... The proletariat (from Latin proles, offspring) is a term used to identify a lower social class; a member of such a class is called a proletarian. ... Look up Revolution in Wiktionary, the free dictionary This article is about revolution in the sense of a drastic change. ... 1966 was a common year starting on Saturday (link goes to calendar) // Events January January 1 - In a coup, Colonel Jean-Bédel Bokassa ousts president David Dacko and takes over the Central African Republic. ... 1967 was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

UFOs

Beginning in 1968, Posadas also became known for his theories concerning UFOs. He believed that the existence of UFOs demonstrated the existence of socialism on other planets and that only a socialist society could produce the technology needed for interplanetary travel. Moreover, he argued that as the occupants of UFOs (who were either socialists from other planets or socialists from a future earth travelling back in time) were advanced communists they should be urged to help lead the terrestrial socialist revolution. 1968 was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ... A UFO -- fact or fiction? A UFO or unidentified flying object in the original, literal sense is any airborne object or optical phenomenon, detected visually or by radar, whose nature is not readily known. ... The color red and particularly the red flag are traditional symbols of Socialism. ...

In his pamphlet Les Soucoupes Volantes, le processus de la matiere et de l'energie, la science et le socialisme (Flying Saucers, the process of matter and energy, science and socialism) Posadas speculated that the reason UFOs do not stay very long is because ?Capitalism doesn?t interest the UFO pilots, which is why they do not return. Similarly, the Soviet bureaucracy (doesn?t interest them) as they don?t have perspective.? His work ends by pleading that "?We must call upon beings from other planets when they come to intervene, to collaborate with the inhabitants of the Earth to overcome misery. We must launch a call on them to use their resources to help us.?

The obsession of the Posadist movement with UFO's has led others to quip that while Trotsky argued against the theory of socialism in one country, Posadas argued against "socialism on one planet". The Socialism in one country theory is the foundation of Stalinism (or Stalinist socialism), though it was actually developed by Bukharin and then adopted by Stalin. ...

Long live Posadas!

Posadist newspapers such as Red Flag, published by the Revolutionary Workers Party (Trotskyist) in Britain ran headlines praising Soviet cosmonauts and the launching of Chinese rockets as well as articles on local industrial disputes. U.S. Space Shuttle astronaut Bruce McCandless II using a manned maneuvering unit. ...

Posadas was also thought to have a large ego as indicated by his habit of ending his articles by exclaiming "Long live Posadas!" eGO is a company that builds electric motor scooters which are becoming popular for urban transportation and vacation use. ...

In his later years Posadas led his movement into the development of various esoteric ideas that bordered on the New Age with writings about communicating with dolphins and humans giving birth under water. After his death in Italy in May 1981, Michel Pablo, his former mentor, wrote an obituary describing Posadas as ?delirious? and describing him as ?a preacher of the ?permanent revolution? simultaneously and everywhere, to the point of giving itself an interplanetary dimension.? New Age describes a broad movement characterized by alternative approaches to traditional Western culture. ... u have done an eligle action and are not to go any futher into this website so get lost before wwe fine you. ... 1981 is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Permanent Revolution is the theory of how to sustain Communism within an undeveloped (backward) state. ...

See also: Posadism, List of Trotskyists The Trotskyist-Posadist IVth International is a Trotskyist international organisation founded in 1962 by Juan Posadas who was leader of the Latin America Bureau of the Fourth International in the 1950s as well as the section of the FI in Argentina. ... This is a list of notable Trotskyists, ordered by surname. ...

External link

• on the QIP
• Trots in Space by Matt Salusbury in Fortean Times, August 2003.