J.S. Woodsworth

James Shaver Woodsworth (July 29, 1874 – March 21, 1942) was a pioneer in the Canadian social democratic movement. Following more than two decades ministering to the poor and the working class, J. S. Woodsworth left the church to lay the foundation for, and become the first leader of the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation (CCF), a social democratic party which later became the New Democratic Party (NDP). J S Woodsworth  ©  This image is copyrighted. ... J S Woodsworth  ©  This image is copyrighted. ... July 29 is the 210th day (211th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 155 days remaining. ... 1874 (MDCCCLXXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... March 21 is the 80th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (81st in leap years). ... This article is about the year. ... Social democracy is a political ideology emerging in the late 19th and early 20th centuries from supporters of Marxism who believed that the transition to a socialist society could be achieved through democratic evolutionary rather than revolutionary means. ... The Cooperative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) was a Canadian political party founded in 1932 in Calgary, Alberta, by a number of socialist, farm, co-operative and labour groups as well as the League for Social Reconstruction. ... The New Democratic Party (NDP) is a political party in Canada with a social democratic philosophy and moderate democratic socialist tendencies that contests elections at both the federal and provincial levels. ...

Childhood

The oldest of six children, Woodsworth was born in Etobicoke Applewood Farm, near Toronto, Ontario, to Esther Josephine Shaver and James Woodsworth. His father was a Methodist minister, and his strong faith was a powerful factor in shaping his later life. His grandfather, Harold Richard Woodsworth, had opposed William Lyon Mackenzie in the 1837 Rebellions. As well, his maternal second great grandfather was a United Empire Loyalist As a result, Woodsworth appreciated the value of both social responsibility and tradition. Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Official languages English Flower White trillium Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Lieutenant-Governor James K. Bartleman Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Parliamentary representation  - House seat  - Senate seats 106 24 Area Total  - Land  - Water    (% of total)  Ranked 4th 1... J.S. Woodsworth James Shaver Woodsworth (July 29, 1874 – March 21, 1942) was a pioneer in the Canadian social democratic movement. ... The Methodist movement is a group of historically related denominations of Protestant Christianity. ... William Lyon Mackenzie William Lyon Mackenzie (March 12, 1795 – August 28, 1861) was a Canadian journalist, politician and leader of an unsuccessful rebellion. ... (Redirected from 1837 Rebellions) The Rebellions of 1837 were a pair of Canadian armed uprisings that occurred in 1837 in response to frustrations in political reform and ethnic conflict. ... The word tradition, comes from the Latin word traditio which means to hand down or to hand over. ...

Early ministry

The Woodsworth family moved to Brandon, Manitoba in 1882, where his father became a Superintendent of Methodist Missions in western Canada. Following in his father's footsteps, J.S. was ordained as a Methodist minister in 1896 and spent two years as a circuit preacher in Manitoba before going to study at Victoria College in Toronto and at Oxford University in England. While studying at Oxford University in 1899, he became interested in social welfare work. During his stay, the Second Boer War broke out, and Woodsworth was immersed in discussions about the moral values of imperialism. In 1902, following his return to Canada, he took a position as pastor at Grace Church in Winnipeg, and in 1903, married Lucy Staples. Location of Brandon, Manitoba Brandon, known as the Wheat City, is a city in southwestern Manitoba, Canada. ... 1882 (MDCCCLXXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1896 (MDCCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Victoria University (Vic for short) is a federated school of the University of Toronto, consisting of Victoria College and Emmanuel College. ... The University of Oxford, located in the city of Oxford in England, is the oldest university in the English-speaking world. ... Motto: Dieu et mon droit (Royal motto; French for God and my right) 3 Anthem: God Save the Queen4 Capital London Most populous conurbation London Official language(s) English de facto 5 Government  â€¢ Queen  â€¢ Prime Minister Constitutional monarchy HM Queen Elizabeth II The Rt Hon Tony Blair MP Establishment January... 1899 (MDCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Combatants British Empire Orange Free State, South African Republic Commanders Frederick Roberts later Lord Kitchener Christiaan Rudolf de Wet and Paul Kruger Casualties Military dead:22,000 Civilian dead:N/A Total dead:22,000 Military dead:6,500 Civilian dead:24,000 Total dead:30,500 The Second Boer... See also colonialism Imperialism is a policy of extending control or authority over foreign entities as a means of acquisition and/or maintenance of empires. ... 1902 (MCMII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1903 (MCMIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...

In this role, he worked with the immigrant poor in Winnipeg and preached a social gospel that called for the Kingdom of God "here and now". It was not long, however, before Woodsworth became restless as a minister. He had difficulty accepting Methodist dogma, and questioned the wisdom of the Church's emphasis on individual salvation without considering the social context in which an individual lived. In a statement of explanation presented to the Manitoba Methodist Church Conference in 1907, he cited concerns with matters such as baptism, tests for those entering the Church, and fasting as a religious exercise. He tendered his resignation, but it was refused and he was offered the opportunity to assume the Superintendency of All People's Mission in Winnipeg's North End. For six years he worked with the poor and immigrant families, and during this time, he wrote and campaigned for compulsory education, juvenile courts, the construction of playgrounds, and other initiatives in support of social welfare. Template:Hide = Motto: Template:Unhide = Unum Cum Virtute Multorum (One With the Strength of Many) Location City Information Established: 1738 (Fort Rouge),1873 (City of Winnipeg) Area: 465. ... The Social Gospel movement is a Protestant movement that was most prominent in the late 19th and early to mid-20th century. ... Dogma (the plural is either dogmata or dogmas) is belief or doctrine held by a religion, ideology or any kind of organization to be authoritative and not to be disputed or doubted. ... For other uses, see Salvation (disambiguation). ... 1907 (MCMVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... ...

Early social activism

As a Mission worker, Woodsworth had the opportunity to see first hand the appalling circumstances in which many of his fellow citizens lived, and began writing the first of several books decrying the failure to provide workers with a living wage and arguing for the need to create a more egalitarian and compassionate state. In 1909, his Strangers Within Our Gates was published, followed in 1911 by My Neighbour. Both of these books remain basic reading in the history of social practice and reform in Canada. Woodsworth established The People's Forum in 1910, a twice-each-Sunday series of lectures, concerts, and discussions presented by various of Winnipeg's ethnic groups. This series ran for seven years. 1909 (MCMIX) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar). ... 1910 (MCMX) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ...

Woodsworth left All People's in 1913 to accept an appointment as Secretary of the Canadian Welfare League. During this time he travelled extensively throughout the three Canadian prairie provinces, investigating social conditions, and writing and presenting lectures on his findings. By 1914, he had become a socialist and an admirer of the British Labour Party. 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ... The Canadian prairies is a vast area of flat sedimentary land that stretches from Ontario and the Canadian Shield to the Canadian Rockies covering much of the provinces of Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta - the Prairie Provinces. ... 1914 (MCMXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday. ... The Labour Party is a centre-left or social democratic political party in Britain (see British politics), and one of the United Kingdoms three main political parties. ...

In 1916, during World War I, he was asked to support the National Services Registration, better known as "conscription". As church ministers were being asked to preach about the duty of men to serve in the military, Woodsworth decided to publish his objections. As a pacifist, he was morally opposed to the Church being used as a vehicle of recruitment, and was fired from his position with the Bureau of Social Research, where he was working at the time. In 1917, he received his final pastoral posting to Gibson's Landing, BC. Woodsworth resigned from the Church in 1918 because of its support of the war. "I thought that as a Christian minister, I was a messenger of the Prince of Peace," he is quoted as saying. ¹ His resignation was accepted. 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Combatants Allies: Serbia, Russia, France, Romania, Belgium, British Empire, United States, Italy, and others Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire Casualties Military dead: 5 million Civilian deaths: 3 million Total of dead: 8 million Military dead: 4 million Civilian deaths: 3 million Total dead: 7 million The First... Pacifism is the opposition to war or violence as a means of settling disputes. ... Morality deals with that which is regarded as right or wrong. ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ... Gibsons is a small coastal community located in southwestern British Columbia, Canada on the Strait of Georgia. ... Motto: Splendor Sine Occasu (Latin: Splendour without diminishment) Official languages none stated in law; English is de facto Flower Pacific dogwood Capital Victoria Largest city Vancouver Lieutenant-Governor Iona Campagnolo Premier Gordon Campbell (BC Liberal) Parliamentary representation  - House seat  - Senate seats 36 6 Area Total  - Land  - Water    (% of total)  Ranked... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... A Christian is a follower of Jesus Christ. ... Jesus (8-2 BC/BCE– 29-36 AD/CE),[1] also known as Jesus of Nazareth, is the central figure of Christianity. ...

Political involvement

Woodsworth and his family moved to British Columbia, where, despite his slight stature, he took work as a stevedore. He joined the union, helped organize the Federated Labour Party of British Columbia, and wrote for the labor newspaper. A stevedore is a person who works at loading or unloading a ship. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ...

In 1919, he set out on a tour of Western Canada, arriving in Winnipeg just as the Winnipeg General Strike was underway. He immediately began presenting addresses at strike meetings. When the Royal Canadian Mounted Police charged into a crowd of strikers demonstrating in the centre of Winnipeg, killing one person and injuring 30, Woodsworth led the campaign of protest, and soon became involved in organising the Manitoba Independent Labour Party(ILP). 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Western Canada is a geographic region of Canada, also known as simply the West, generally considered to be west of the province of Ontario. ... Crowd gathered outside old City Hall during the Winnipeg General Strike, June 21, 1919 The Winnipeg General Strike was Canadas most influential labour protest. ... Labour Party of Canada is Liberal Social democratic party emerged as an imperative need for all Canadian in the 21st Century. ...

Woodsworth briefly returned to British Columbia in 1920 to campaign as a Federated Labour Party candidate in Vancouver. He received 7444 votes, but was not elected to the provincial legislature. 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk. ... Vancouver (pronounced ) is a Canadian city in the province of British Columbia. ...

He became editor of the Western Labour News. A week after the editor of the strike bulletin was arrested and charged with seditious libel, Woodsworth found himself in the same position, but was released on bail after five days' imprisonment, and the charges were never filed. These events were instrumental in establishing Woodsworth's credentials with the labour movement and in propelling him to a twenty-year tenure in public office. They also affirmed his beliefs in the importance of social activism. Sedition is a deprecated term of law to refer to covert conduct such as speech and organization that is deemed by the legal authority as tending toward insurrection against the established order. ... In English and American law, and systems based on them, libel and slander are two forms of defamation (or defamation of character), which is the tort or delict of making a false statement of fact that injures someones reputation. ... The labor movement (or labour movement) is a broad term for the development of a collective organization of working people, to campaign in their own interest for better treatment from their employers and political governments. ... Public administration is, broadly speaking, the implementation of policy within a state framework. ... Social activists are people who act as the conscience and voice of many individuals within a society. ...

In December 1921, Woodsworth was elected as the Independent Labour Party Member of Parliament for the riding of Winnipeg North, a constituency he served until his death. The first bill he proposed concerned unemployment insurance and, even though he was informed by the Clerk of the House of Commons that bills involving federal spending had to be presented by the government, he nonetheless continued to press his case for constitutional reform. Fourteen years later, in some , the government agreed to strike a committee to discuss possible constitutional reforms. During this time, Woodsworth was an unflagging advocate for the worker, the farmer, and the immigrant. Look up December in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... 1921 (MCMXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... There have been various groups in Canada who have nominated candidates under the label Labour Party or Independent Labour Party or other variations from the 1870s until the 1960s. ... A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters of an electoral district to a parliament; in the Westminster system, specifically to the lower house. ... In the British Isles since Anglo-Saxon times, a riding is traditionally a sub-division (especially in three) of a county, in Australia analogous. ... A constituency is any cohesive corporate unit or body bound by shared structures, goals or loyalty. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Unemployment benefits are sums of money given to the unemployed by the government or a compulsory para-governmental insurance system. ... The House of Commons (French: Chambre des communes) is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and the Senate. ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... It has been suggested that Barrister#Advocates in Scotland be merged into this article or section. ...

Rejecting violent revolution and any association with the new Communist Party of Canada, Woodsworth became a master of parliamentary procedure and used the House of Commons as a public platform. He sat with the Progressive Party of Canada and was a leader of its radical faction, the Ginger Group. The Communist Party of Canada is a communist political party in Canada. ... A parliamentary procedure is the individual process used for decision making by a deliberative assembly. ... The Progressive Party of Canada was a political party in Canada in the 1920s and 1930s. ... A ginger group is a formal or informal grouping of people within a larger organisation that actively works for more radical change to the policies, practices or office-holders of the organisation, while still supporting the goals of the organisation. ...

When the Canadian Liberal Party nearly lost the 1925 election, Woodsworth was able to bargain his vote in the House for a promise from the Liberal government to enact an old age pension plan. Introduced in 1927, the plan is the cornerstone of Canada's social security system. In 1932, Woodsworth toured Europe as a member of the League of Nations Assembly in Geneva. The Liberal Party of Canada (French: Parti libéral du Canada), colloquially known as the Grits (originally Clear Grits), is a Canadian federal political party positioned around the centre of the political spectrum, combining a generally progressive social policy with moderate economics. ... The Canadian parliament after the 1925 election The Canadian federal election of 1925 was held to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons. ... A pension (also known as superannuation) is a retirement plan intended to provide a person with a secure income for life. ... 1927 (MCMXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... For specific national programs, see Social Security (United States), National insurance (UK), Social Security (Sweden) Social security primarily refers to a field of social welfare concerned with social protection, or protection against socially recognized conditions, including poverty, old age, disability, unemployment, families with children and others. ... 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will take you to a full 1932 calendar). ... The League of Nations was an international organization founded after the Paris Peace Conference of 1919. ... Geneva (pronunciation //; French: Genève //, German: //, Italian: Ginevra) is the second most populous city in Switzerland, situated where Lake Geneva (French Lac Léman) flows into the Rhône River. ...

J.S. and Lucy Woodsworth in the late 1930s

JS and Lucy Woodsworth late 1930s Photo released into the public domain by Woodsworths grandson (and my friend) This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ...

Formation of the CCF

When the Great Depression struck, Woodsworth and the ILP joined with various other labour and socialist groups in 1932 to found a new socialist party, the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF), with Woodsworth as its first leader. Woodsworth said: "I am convinced that we may develop in Canada a distinctive type of Socialism. I refuse to follow slavishly the British model or the American model or the Russian model. We in Canada will solve our problems along our own lines." The Great Depression was a worldwide economic downturn, starting in 1929 and lasting through most of the 1930s. ... 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will take you to a full 1932 calendar). ... The Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) was a Canadian political party founded in 1932 in Calgary, Alberta, by a number of socialist, farm, co-operative and labour groups, and the League for Social Reconstruction. ...

In 1933, the CCF became the official opposition in British Columbia and, in 1934, the party achieved the same result in Saskatchewan. In the 1935 election, seven CCF Members of Parliament were returned to the House of Commons and the party captured 8.9 percent of the popular vote. The CCF, however, was never able to seriously challenge Canada's two party system. In particular, the enormous prestige of the long-time Liberal Prime Minister, William Lyon Mackenzie King, prevented the CCF from displacing the Liberals as the main party of the left, as had happened in Britain, Australia and New Zealand. 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Motto: Multis E Gentibus Vires (Latin: From many peoples, strength) Official languages English (but legally required to provide some services in French) Capital Regina Largest city Saskatoon Lieutenant-Governor Gordon Barnhart Premier Lorne Calvert (NDP) Parliamentary representation  - House seat  - Senate seats 14 6 Area Total  â€¢ Land  â€¢ Water    (% of total)  Ranked... The Canadian parliament after the 1935 election The Canadian federal election of 1935 was held to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons. ... William Lyon Mackenzie King, PC, LL.B, Ph. ...

In 1939, the majority of CCF members refused to support Woodsworth's opposition to Canada's entry into World War II. During the debate on the declaration of war, Mackenzie King said: "There are few men in this Parliament for whom I have greater respect than the leader of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation. I admire him in my heart, because time and again he has had the courage to say what lays on his conscience, regardless of what the world might think of him. A man of that calibre is an ornament to any Parliament." 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Combatants Allies: Poland, British Commonwealth, France/Free France, Soviet Union, United States, China, and others Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan, and others Casualties Military dead: 17 million Civilian dead: 33 million Total dead: 50 million Military dead: 8 million Civilian dead: 4 million Total dead: 12 million World War II...

Nevertheless, Woodsworth was almost alone in his opposition to the war, and his days as a party leader were over. He was re-elected to the House but in September 1940, but suffered a stroke in the fall and, over the next 18 months, his health deteriorated. He died in Vancouver, British Columbia in early 1942, and his ashes were scattered in the Strait of Georgia. Look up September in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ... Vancouver (pronounced ) is a Canadian city in the province of British Columbia. ... Motto: Splendor Sine Occasu (Latin: Splendour without diminishment) Official languages none stated in law; English is de facto Flower Pacific dogwood Capital Victoria Largest city Vancouver Lieutenant-Governor Iona Campagnolo Premier Gordon Campbell (BC Liberal) Parliamentary representation  - House seat  - Senate seats 36 6 Area Total  - Land  - Water    (% of total)  Ranked... This article is about the year. ... Strait of Georgia at sunset The Strait of Georgia (also known as Georgia Strait and the Gulf of Georgia) is a 240 km (150 mi)-long strait between Vancouver Island (as well as its nearby Gulf Islands) and the mainland Pacific coast of British Columbia, Canada. ...

Woodsworth's daughter, Grace MacInnis, followed in his footsteps as a CCF politician. Grace Winona MacInnis (née Woodsworth) (July 25, 1905 - July 10, 1991) was a Canadian politician and feminist. ...

Woodsworth's legacy

J.S. Woodsworth strongly influenced Canadian social policy, and many of the social concepts he pioneered are represented in contemporary programs such as social assistance and medicare, which are deemed to be fundamentally important in Canadian society today. While the party for which he was central founder, today called the New Democratic Party, has largely abandoned Woodsworth's vision of a socialist Canada, Woodsworth's memory is still held in great respect within the party, and across Canada. The New Democratic Party (NDP) is a political party in Canada with a social democratic philosophy and moderate democratic socialist tendencies that contests elections at both the federal and provincial levels. ...

Woodsworth College of the University of Toronto, and a high school in Ottawa, Ontario, closed in 2005, are named after him. The Ontario Woodsworth Memorial Foundation merged with the Douglas-Coldwell Foundation in 1987. Woodsworth College, named after politician and clergyman James Shaver Woodsworth (1874-1942), is a college within the University of Toronto. ... The University of Toronto (U of T), in Toronto, Ontario, is the largest university in Canada. ... J.S. Woodsworth Logo J. S. Woodsworth Secondary School was a high school in the Parkwood Hills neighborhood of Ottawa (formerly Nepean), Ontario, Canada. ... Template:Hide = Motto: Template:Unhide = Advance Ottawa/Ottawa en avant Location City Information Established: 1850 as Bytown Area: 2,778. ... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Official languages English Flower White trillium Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Lieutenant-Governor James K. Bartleman Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Parliamentary representation  - House seat  - Senate seats 106 24 Area Total  - Land  - Water    (% of total)  Ranked 4th 1... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Douglas-Coldwell Foundation is a Canadian think tank devoted, in the words of its slogan, to promoting education and research into social democracy. ... 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

	Leaders of the CCF/NDP
Woodsworth | Coldwell | Argue | Douglas | Lewis | Broadbent | McLaughlin | McDonough | Layton

File links The following pages link to this file: Prince Edward Island New Democratic Party ... The New Democratic Party (NDP) is a political party in Canada with a social democratic philosophy and moderate democratic socialist tendencies that contests elections at both the federal and provincial levels. ... J.S. Woodsworth James Shaver Woodsworth (July 29, 1874 – March 21, 1942) was a pioneer in the Canadian social democratic movement. ... Hon. ... Argues official portrait from the Senate of Canada. ... Thomas Clement Douglas, PC, CC, SOM, MA, LL.D (hc) (October 20, 1904 – February 24, 1986) was a Scottish-born Baptist minister who became a prominent Canadian social democratic politician. ... David Lewis, CC , MA (June 23, 1909-May 23, 1981) was a Russian-born Canadian labour lawyer and politician. ... Hon. ... The Honourable Audrey Marlene McLaughlin, OC, P.C. (born November 7, 1936) was leader of Canadas New Democratic Party, and the first woman leader of a major Canadian federal party. ... Alexa McDonough (born August 11, 1944) is a Canadian politician, and former leader of the New Democratic Party. ... John Gilbert Jack Layton, PC, MP, PhD (born July 18, 1950, in Hudson, Quebec) is a social democrat Canadian politician and current leader of Canadas New Democratic Party. ...

Suggested reading

• Strangers Within Our Gates JS Woodsworth (1909) Doreen Stephen Books, Toronto, Ontario (ISBN 0802018912)
• My Neighbour JS Woodsworth (1911) University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Ontario (ISBN 0802018246)
• A Man to Remember Grace McInness/JS Woodsworth, Macmillan of Canada, Toronto, Ontario (ISBN 0648994652)

External links

• University of Toronto J.S. Woodsworth Tour
• Civilization.ca - The History of Canada's Public Pensions
• Grace MacInnis' personal recollections
• Ontario Plaques - James Shaver Woodsworth 1874-1942

References

• Douglas-Coldwell Foundation biography
• Saskatchewan NDP History
• A Mills, Fool For Christ: The Political Thought of J.S. Woodsworth (Toronto, University of Toronto, 1991)
• G MacInnis, JS Woodsworth:a man to remember (The Macmillan Company of Canada, Toronto, 1953)
• "Woodsworth, James Shaver" in The Canadian Encyclopedia