The Justice Society of America, or JSA, is a DC Comics superhero group, the first team of superheroes in comic book history. Conceived by editor Sheldon Mayer and writer Gardner Fox, the JSA first appeared in All-Star Comics #3 (Winter 1940). DC Comics (originally called Detective Comics, Inc. ... In comic books, first appearance refers to the date or issue of a characters first appearance. ... This article needs cleanup. ... Gardner Francis Fox (May 20, 1911, Brooklyn, New York – December 24, 1986) was an American writer best known for writing comic books and co-creating numerous comics characters, especially for DC Comics. ... Sheldon Mayer was an American comic book writer. ... Doctor Mid-Nite is the name of three fictional superheroes in the DC Comics universe. ... Jay Garrick is a fictional character in the DC Comics Universe and the first Flash. ... Alan Scott is a fictional hero from the DC Comics universe and the first superhero to bear the name Green Lantern. ... Jakeem Johnny Thunder (initially called J. J. Thunder, a name he dislikes) is a fictional character published by DC Comics and a member of the current version of the superhero team the Justice Society of America. ... Mister Terrific is the name of two different superheroes in the DC Comics universe. ... Sandy the Golden Boy is a DC Comics superhero created by Joe Simon and Jack Kirby. ... Power Girl (real name Kara Zor-L, also known as Karen Starr) is a comic book superhero in the DC Comics Universe. ... Courtney Whitmore is the fictional superheroine Stargirl in the DC Comics Universe. ... Wildcat is the name of four DC Comics characters, three of them superheroes. ... The Justice Society is a team of comic book superheroes published by DC Comics. ... DC Comics (originally called Detective Comics, Inc. ... Superman and Batman, two of the most recognizable and iconic superheroes. ... A comic book is a magazine or book containing the art form of comics. ... Sheldon Mayer was an American comic book writer. ... Gardner Francis Fox (May 20, 1911, Brooklyn, New York – December 24, 1986) was an American writer best known for writing comic books and co-creating numerous comics characters, especially for DC Comics. ... This article needs cleanup. ...

Unlike subsequent "all-star" teams, the JSA was limited to heroes not already featured in their own titles because the publisher wanted to expose their lesser known characters. Hence Superman and Batman were only honorary members and Flash, Green Lantern and Wonder Woman’s early tenures were brief. However, a 1944 change in policy allowed the above three back into the group. Other popular members were Hawkman, The Spectre, Hourman, Doctor Fate and The Atom. Superman is a fictional character and the staple superhero of DC Comics. ... Batman (originally referred to as the Bat-man, and still sometimes as the Batman) is a DC Comics fictional character and superhero who first appeared in Detective Comics #27 in May 1939. ... Look up flash in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Cover to Green Lantern: Rebirth #6, art by Ethan Van Sciver. ... Wonder Woman is a DC Comics superheroine. ... Carter Hall is a DC Comics superhero, the original Hawkman. ... Cover to The Spectre #31, November 1989. ... Hourman (spelled Hour-Man in his earliest appearances) is a fictional DC Comics superhero created by Ken Fitch and Bernard Bailey in Adventure Comics #48 (April 1940), during the Golden Age of Comic Books. ... Doctor Fate is a comic book superhero and wizard in the DC Comics universe, and a member of the Justice Society of America. ... The Atom is a superhero created in 1941 for All-American Comics, and recreated in 1962 in a self-named title, a part of DC Comics Silver Age of Comic Books. ...

The team was popular throughout the 1940s, but after superheroes fell out of favor, its series All-Star Comics became All-Star Western in 1951, ceasing the team’s adventures. During the Silver Age, DC reinvented several popular Justice Society members and banded many of them together in the Justice League of America. However, instead of considering the JSA replaced, DC revealed that the team existed on Earth-Two and the Justice League on Earth-One. This allowed for annual, cross-dimensional team-ups of the teams, lasting from 1963 until 1985. It also allowed for new series, such as All-Star Squadron, Infinity, Inc. and a new All-Star Comics, which featured the JSA, their children and their heirs. These series explored the issues of aging, generational differences and contrasts between the Golden Age and subsequent eras. // Events and trends World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrination, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atomic bomb. ... All-Star Western is a comic published by DC Comics. ... Showcase #4 (Oct. ... The Justice League is a DC Comics superhero team. ... In DC Comics, the Multiverse is a continuity construct in which multiple fictional versions of the universe exist in the same space, separated from each other by their vibrational resonances. ... The All-Star Squadron, featuring Doctor Mid-Nite, Star-Spangled Kid, Robotman, Uncle Sam, Phantom Lady, Commander Steel, Plastic Man, Starman, Sandman, Green Lantern, Atom, Flash, Liberty Belle, Hourman and Amazing-Man The All-Star Squadron was an American comic book (1981-1987) created by Roy Thomas and published by... Infinity Inc. ...

In 1986, DC rewrote its continuity in the Crisis on Infinite Earths maxi-series. The series merged all of the company's various realities into one, placing the JSA as World War II-era predecessors to the company's modern characters. A few unsuccessful and often controversial revivals were attempted, until a new series, titled JSA, was launched in 1999, continuing until present day. Crisis on Infinite Earths was a twelve-issue comic book limited series (identified as a 12 part maxi-series) and crossover event, produced by DC Comics in 1985 in order to simplify their fifty-year-old continuity. ... A maxiseries or maxi-series is an occasional title given to a comic book miniseries which lasts for eight issues or longer (usually twelve) and forms a complete story. ... Combatants Allies: Soviet Union, United Kingdom, France/Free France, United States, Canada, China, India, Australia, Poland, New Zealand, South Africa, Greece, and others Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan, Bulgaria, Finland, Romania, Hungary, Burma, Slovakia Casualties Military dead: 17 million Civilian dead: 33 million Total dead: 50 million Military dead: 8...

History

The Golden Age

The JSA first appeared in All-American Comics' All Star Comics #3 (Winter 1940/41), during the Golden age of comic books. It initially included National Comics' Doctor Fate, Hour-Man (as it was then spelled), the Spectre, and the Sandman, and All-American's Atom, the Flash, Green Lantern, and Hawkman. An in-house rule (explicity laid out on the last page of All-Star #5, reprinted on p. 206 of All-Star Comics Archive Vol.1, p. 206) required that whenever a member received his or her own title, he or she would leave All-Star Comics, becoming an "honorary member" of the JSA. Thus, the Flash was replaced by Johnny Thunder after #6; Green Lantern left shortly thereafter for the same reason. This also explains why Superman and Batman were established as already being "honorary" members prior to the All-Star #3; how these two heroes helped found the JSA before becoming honorary members was not explained until DC Special #29 in 1977. In comic books, the term first appearance refers to first comic book to feature a character. ... All-American Comics was the flagship title for its publisher, also called All-American Comics. ... This article is about the 1940s comic book series. ... Superman, catalyst of the Golden Age: Superman #14 (Feb. ... DC Comics (originally called Detective Comics, Inc. ... Doctor Fate is a comic book superhero and wizard in the DC Comics universe, and a member of the Justice Society of America. ... Hourman (spelled Hour-Man in his earliest appearances) is a fictional DC Comics superhero created by Ken Fitch and Bernard Bailey in Adventure Comics #48 (April 1940), during the Golden Age of Comic Books. ... The Spectre is a fictional cosmic entity and superhero who has appeared in numerous comic books published by DC Comics. ... The Sandman, alias Wesley Dodds, is a fictional masked crimefighter in the DC Comics universe. ... A number of DC Comics superheroes have shared the name Atom. ... Jay Garrick is a fictional character in the DC Comics Universe and the first Flash. ... Alan Scott is a fictional hero from the DC Comics universe and the first superhero to bear the name Green Lantern. ... Carter Hall is a DC Comics superhero, the original Hawkman. ... Johnny Thunder is the name of two fictional characters in comics published by DC Comics. ... Superman is a fictional character and the staple superhero of DC Comics. ... Batman (originally referred to as the Bat-man, and still sometimes as the Batman) is a DC Comics fictional character and superhero who first appeared in Detective Comics #27 in May 1939. ...

All Star Comics is also notable for featuring the first appearance of Wonder Woman, in #8 (Dec. 1941). Unlike the other characters who had their own titles, she was allowed to appear in the book, but only as the JSA's secretary, and did not actively take part in most adventures until much later in the series (a fact sometimes seen as chauvinistic today) although she was excluded from the title due to the rules that had excluded Flash, Green Lantern, Superman and Batman from the title. Wonder Woman is a DC Comics superheroine. ... Chauvinism is extreme and unreasoning partisanship on behalf of a group to which one belongs, especially when the partisanship includes malice and hatred towards a rival group. ...

The early JSA adventures were written by Gardner F. Fox and illustrated by a legion of artists including E. E. Hibbard, Jack Burnley, Jack Kirby and Joe Kubert. The first JSA story featured the team's first meeting, a framing sequence for each member telling a story of an individual exploit. In the next issue, the team worked together on a common case, but each story from there on still featured the members individually on a mission involving part of the case, and then banding together in the end to wrap things up. Gardner Francis Fox (May 20, 1911, Brooklyn, New York – December 24, 1986) was an American writer best known for writing comic books and co-creating numerous comics characters, especially for DC Comics. ... Jack Burnley is the pen name of Hardin Burnley, a comic-book artist active from 1929 until 1976. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Joe Kubert is a legendary comic book artist who went on to found the Joe Kubert School of Cartoon and Graphic Art. ...

By All Star Comics #24, a real-world schism between Detective Comics, Inc. and All-American Publications — a nominally independent company run by Charlie Gaines and Jack Liebowitz — had occurred, which resulted in the Detective Comics, Inc heroes being removed from the title. As a result, Flash and Green Lantern returned to the book. Eight months later, Detective Comics bought out Charlie Gaines' share of All-American and the two companies merged to form National Comics. However, the JSA roster remained mostly the same for the rest of the series. The All-American logo, used on their titles during the 1945 split with National All-American Publications is one of three American comic book companies that combined to form the modern-day DC Comics, one of the worlds two largest comics publishers. ...

All Star Comics and the Golden Age adventures of the JSA ended with #57, the title becoming All-Star Western, with no superheroes. While Superman, Batman and Wonder Woman continued to have their own adventures, most of the characters lay dormant for several years during the slump in superhero comic books in the early to mid-1950s.

The explanation for the teams disappearal and the inactivity of most of its roster after the early 1950s was first given in Adventure Comics (vol. 1) #466 ("The Defeat of the Justice Society!"; December, 1979) by writer Paul Levitz, which explained that most of the Society chose to disband and retire rather than appear in front of the real House Un-American Activities Committee which demanded that they unmask themselves. (This was later ret-conned into the fictional Joint Un-American Activities Committe.) Adventure Comics was a comic book published by DC Comics from 1935 to 1983. ... Paul Levitz (1956 - ) is an American comic book writer, editor and executive. ... HUAC hearings House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC or HCUA) (1938-1975) was an investigating committee of the United States House of Representatives. ...

The chairmanship of the Justice Society mostly resided with Hawkman, although initially the Flash and later Green Lantern took their turns at leading the team. For a brief period in 1942 they were known as the Justice Batallion, as they became an extension of the armed forces of the United States of America during World War II. It was later revealed that the reason the JSA didn't invade Europe and end the war was due to the influence of the Spear of Destiny which caused the JSA's most powerful members to fall under the control of its wielder, Adolf Hitler. It was also revealed in the 1980s that the JSA had a loose affiliation with the All-Star Squadron, a new team of the time, who's adventures were set in the past, of which each of its members were a part, as both teams were the brainchild of American president Franklin D. Roosevelt. Hitler redirects here. ... The All-Star Squadron, featuring Doctor Mid-Nite, Star-Spangled Kid, Robotman, Uncle Sam, Phantom Lady, Commander Steel, Plastic Man, Starman, Sandman, Green Lantern, Atom, Flash, Liberty Belle, Hourman and Amazing-Man The All-Star Squadron was an American comic book (1981-1987) created by Roy Thomas and published by... FDR redirects here. ...

The headquarters for the JSA was initially a hotel suite in New York City, and after the war the team settled on a brownstone building in Civic City and later in Gotham City. For a very brief period, the JSA was provided a satellite headquarters, much like their later day counterparts the JLA; however this turned out to be a deathtrap orchestrated by a crooked senator's henchman from Eliminations, Inc. The Gotham City brownstone remained unoccupied until years later, when the team was active again.

Golden Age Members

In order of appearance, and including issues of All-Star Comics in which each member appeared.

The Golden Age roster of the Justice Society of America.
Art by Alex Ross.

• Flash (# 3–7, 10, 24–57)
• Green Lantern (# 3–7, 10, 24–57)
• Hawkman (# 3–57)
• Sandman (# 3–21)
• Spectre (# 3–23)
• Doctor Fate (# 3–12, 14–21)
• Hourman (# 3–7)
• Atom (# 3–26, 28–35, 37–57)
• Johnny Thunder & Thunderbolt
  (# 3–4, 6–35, 37–39)
• Superman (# 7, 36)
• Batman (# 7, 36)
• Doctor Mid-Nite (# 8–57)
• Starman (# 8–23)
• Wonder Woman (# 11–22, 24–57; plus non-JSA origin story in # 8)
• Mister Terrific (# 24)
• Wildcat (# 24, 27)
• Black Canary (# 38–57)

The Red Tornado (# 3) - although sometimes depicted as a member, was never granted official membership. Hawkgirl and Sandy in the Golden Age stories chronicled in recent years have been shown as associates (if not members, per se) of the team. Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Superman, catalyst of the Golden Age: Superman #14 (Feb. ... Rosss rendition of the Golden Age Batman and Robin. ... Jay Garrick is a fictional character in the DC Comics Universe and the first Flash. ... Alan Scott is a fictional hero from the DC Comics universe and the first superhero to bear the name Green Lantern. ... Carter Hall is a DC Comics superhero, the original Hawkman. ... The Sandman, alias Wesley Dodds, is a comic book superhero in the DC Comics universe, best known for his stories set during the 1940s and his costume consisting of a green business suit, fedora, and gas mask. ... Cover to The Spectre #31, November 1989. ... Doctor Fate is a comic book superhero and wizard in the DC Comics universe, and a member of the Justice Society of America. ... Hourman (spelled Hour-Man in his earliest appearances) is a fictional DC Comics superhero created by Ken Fitch and Bernard Bailey in Adventure Comics #48 (April 1940), during the Golden Age of Comic Books. ... The Atom is a superhero created in 1941 for All-American Comics, and recreated in 1962 in a self-named title, a part of DC Comics Silver Age of Comic Books. ... Johnny Thunder is the name of two fictional characters in comics published by DC Comics. ... Superman is a fictional character and the staple superhero of DC Comics. ... Batman (originally referred to as the Bat-man, and still sometimes as the Batman) is a DC Comics fictional character and superhero who first appeared in Detective Comics #27 in May 1939. ... Doctor Mid-Nite is the name of three fictional superheroes in the DC Comics universe. ... Starman is Ted Knight, a comic book superhero in the DC Comics universe, and a member of the Justice Society of America. ... Wonder Woman is a DC Comics superheroine. ... Mister Terrific is the name of two different superheroes in the DC Comics universe. ... Wildcat is the name of four DC Comics characters, three of them superheroes. ... Black Canary is a female superhero in the DC Comics universe. ... For information on the Silver Age Red Tornado, see: Red Tornado. ... Hawkgirl is the name of several fictional superheroines in the DC Comics universe. ... Sand in the Justice League Unlimited episode Sandy the Golden Boy is a DC Comics superhero created by Joe Simon and Jack Kirby. ...

The Silver Age

Many of the characters were revived in different forms during the 1950s and early 1960s. Then, in Flash #123 (September 1961), the Silver Age Flash met his Golden Age counterpart. The rationale for this was that the two existed on parallel worlds in what came to be known as the Multiverse. The Silver Age Flash and his team, the Justice League of America, lived on "Earth-One", while the JSA lived on "Earth-Two" (this despite the fact that superheroes arose on Earth Two twenty years before they did on Earth One). Earth One was so named because the Flash from its world crossed into the second world, discovering it. Later, the Golden Age Flash informed his counterpart that the inhabitants of his Earth do not refer to their own planet as "Earth-Two" except when discussing it with the JLA. Showcase #4 (Oct. ... Barry Allen is a fictional superhero in the DC Comics Universe and the second Flash. ... In DC Comics, the Multiverse is a continuity construct in which multiple fictional versions of the universe exist in the same space, separated from each other by their vibrational resonances. ... The Justice League, sometimes called the Justice League of America or JLA for short, is a DC Comics superhero team. ...

Finally, in Justice League of America #21 (August 1963), the Justice Society emerged fully to team up with the Justice League to combat a team of villains from both worlds. This marked the beginning of annual summer team-ups by the two supergroups, which endured until 1985, and which included a number of notable events in JSA history, such as Black Canary leaving to join the Justice League, the return of a Golden Age group of heroes dubbed the Seven Soldiers of Victory, and the creation of a team called the Freedom Fighters composed of several one-time Quality Comics heroes. Black Canary is a female superhero in the DC Comics universe. ... The Seven Soldiers of Victory (also known as Laws Legionaires) is a team of comic book superheroes in the DC Comics universe. ... The Contras were often referred to as Freedom Fighters by US President Ronald Reagan. ... Crack Comics #1 (May, 1940), featuring the Clock, previously introduced as the first masked comic book superhero. ...

At the time, the JSA also occupied a unique position in comics in that they had aged since their early appearances, now being middle-aged — and often wiser — versions of their younger, contemporary counterparts.

Notable Silver Age Appearances

• The Flash vol. 1, #123, 129, 137, 170, 173, 215
• Justice League of America #21–22, 29–30, 37–38, 46–47, 55–56, 64–65, 73–74, 83–83, 91–92, 100–102, 107–108, 113, 123–124
• Showcase vol. 1, #55–56 (Doctor Fate & Hourman), 61, 64 (The Spectre)
• The Brave and the Bold #61–62 (Starman & Black Canary)
• The Spectre vol. 1, #1–7 (solo series)
• The Atom vol. 1, #29, 36 (Golden Age Atom)
• Green Lantern vol. 1, #45, 52, 61 (Golden Age Green Lantern)

Barry Allen is a fictional superhero in the DC Comics Universe and the second Flash. ... The Justice League, sometimes called the Justice League of America or JLA for short, is a DC Comics superhero team. ... A showcase is a performance or exhibit highlighting the work of a performer or group of performers, a particular culture or ethnic group, or of a nationality. ... The Brave and the Bold was a DC Comics superhero comic book which was published from August 1955 to July 1983. ... The Spectre is a fictional cosmic entity and superhero who has appeared in numerous comic books published by DC Comics. ... A number of DC Comics superheroes have shared the name Atom. ... Alan Scott is a fictional hero from the DC Comics universe and the first superhero to bear the name Green Lantern. ...

New Silver Age Members

• Robin (joined in JLofA #55)
• Red Tornado II (joined in JLofA #64), was destroyed in JLof A #102, then resurrected in #106 and subsequently joined the Justice League of America

A classic image of Batman and Robin reinterpreted by painter Alex Ross. ... Red Tornado is a fictional superhero in the DC Universe. ... The Justice League is a DC Comics superhero team. ...

The Modern Age

The JSA's popularity gradually grew until they regained their own title. All-Star Comics #58 (January–February 1976) saw the group return as mentors to a younger set of heroes (briefly called the "Super Squad", until they were integrated into the JSA proper). This run only lasted until #74, with a brief run thereafter in Adventure Comics #461–466, but it had three significant developments: It introduced the popular character Power Girl (All-Star Comics #58); it chronicled the death of the Golden Age Batman (Adventure Comics #461–462); and, after nearly 40 years, it finally provided the JSA with an origin story in DC Special #29. This run was mainly written by Gerry Conway and Paul Levitz, and artists included Wally Wood, Joe Staton, Keith Giffen and Bob Layton. Adventure Comics was a comic book published by DC Comics from 1935 to 1983. ... Power Girl (real name Kara Zor-L, also known as Karen Starr) is a comic book superhero in the DC Comics Universe. ... Batman (originally referred to as the Bat-man, and still sometimes as the Batman) is a DC Comics fictional character and superhero who first appeared in Detective Comics #27 in May 1939. ... Gerard F. Gerry Conway (September 10, 1952 - ) is an American writer of comic books and television shows. ... Paul Levitz (1956 - ) is an American comic book writer, editor and executive. ... Wallace Wally Wood (born June 17, 1927, Menahga, Minnesota, United States; died November 2, 1981), was an American writer-artist best known for his work in EC Comics and Mad. ... Joe Staton (born January 19, 1948 in Tennessee), is an American illustrator and writer of comic books. ... Keith Iath Giffen (November 30, 1952 - ) is an American writer, artist and penciller of comic books. ... Bob Layton is a USA comic book artist. ...

A series taking place in the team's original setting of the wartime 1940s called All-Star Squadron featured the JSA frequently along with several other Golden Age superheroes. This led to a spin-off, contemporary series entitled Infinity, Inc. which starred the children and heirs of the JSA members. Both series were written by noted JSA fan Roy Thomas and featured art by Rich Buckler, Jerry Ordway, Todd McFarlane and others. Combatants Allies: Soviet Union, United Kingdom, France/Free France, United States, Canada, China, India, Australia, Poland, New Zealand, South Africa, Greece, and others Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan, Bulgaria, Finland, Romania, Hungary, Burma, Slovakia Casualties Military dead: 17 million Civilian dead: 33 million Total dead: 50 million Military dead: 8... The All-Star Squadron, featuring Doctor Mid-Nite, Star-Spangled Kid, Robotman, Uncle Sam, Phantom Lady, Commander Steel, Plastic Man, Starman, Sandman, Green Lantern, Atom, Flash, Liberty Belle, Hourman and Amazing-Man The All-Star Squadron was an American comic book (1981-1987) created by Roy Thomas and published by... Infinity Inc. ... Roy Thomas (born November 22, 1940, Missouri, United States) is a comic book writer and editor, and Stan Lees first successor as editor-in-chief of Marvel Comics. ... Cover to Daredevil #131. ... The covers of both the hardcover and the softcover versions of the Power of Shazam! graphic novel by Ordway. ... Spawn #1 (1992), featuring one of McFarlanes most popular creations Todd McFarlane (born March 16, 1961 in Calgary, Alberta, Canada) is a cartoonist, comic book writer, artist, and media entrepreneur. ...

Meanwhile, the JSA continued their annual team-ups with the Justice League. Notable events included meeting the Fawcett Comics heroes, including Captain Marvel, the death of Mr. Terrific, and an explanation for why Black Canary hadn't aged much despite debuting in the 1940s. A particularly popular JLA/JSA team-up came in #195–197, in which the two teams had to contend with a reformed Secret Society of Super-Villains, lavishly drawn by George Pérez. Whiz Comics #2, the first appearance of Captain Marvel, the companys most popular character. ... Captain Marvel is a comic book superhero, originally published by Fawcett Comics and now owned by DC Comics. ... The Secret Society of Super Villains (SSOSV) is a group of comic book villains that exist in the DC Universe. ... New Teen Titans #1. ...

The post-Crisis version of the JSA's Golden Age roster.

In 1985, DC retconned many details of the DC Universe in Crisis on Infinite Earths. Among the changes, the Golden Age Superman, Batman, Robin and Wonder Woman ceased to exist, and the Earth-One/Earth-Two dichotomy was resolved by merging the Multiverse into a single universe. This posed a variety of problems for the JSA, whose history — especially in the 1980s comics — was strongly tied up in these four characters. The resulting confusion led to seemingly more time spent trying to resolve the problems than tell good stories, and soon both All-Star Squadron and Infinity, Inc. were cancelled. Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Crisis on Infinite Earths was a 12 issue comic book mini-series produced by DC Comics in 1985 in order to clean up their 50-year-old, convoluted and confusing continuity. ... Retroactive continuity — commonly contracted to the blend retcon — is the adding of new information to historical material, or deliberately changing previously established facts in a work of serial fiction. ... The DC Universe (DCU) is the fictional shared setting where most of the comic stories published by DC Comics take place. ... Crisis on Infinite Earths was a twelve-issue comic book limited series (identified as a 12 part maxi-series) and crossover event, produced by DC Comics in 1985 in order to simplify their fifty-year-old continuity. ...

The JLA/JSA team-ups ended during the Crisis with Justice League of America #244.

Notable Modern Age, Pre-Crisis Appearances

• All-Star Comics vol. 1, #58–74
• Adventure Comics vol. 1, #461–466
• DC Special #29
• Justice League of America #135–137, 147–148, 159–160, 171–172, 183–185, 193 (All-Star Squadron preview), 195–197, 207–209, 219–220, 231–232, 244
• Wonder Woman vol. 1, #231–232 (JSA guest-stars; part of a run of Earth-Two Wonder Woman stories set during World War II)
• All-Star Squadron #1–67, Annuals #1–3
• Infinity Inc. #1–10, 19, various other issues
• America vs. The Justice Society #1–4
• Secret Origins vol. 3, various issues; notably #1 (Golden Age Superman), #6 (Golden Age Batman)

This article needs cleanup. ... Adventure Comics was a comic book published by DC Comics from 1935 to 1983. ... The Justice League, sometimes called the Justice League of America or JLA for short, is a DC Comics superhero team. ... Wonder Woman is a DC Comics superheroine. ... Combatants Allies: Soviet Union, United Kingdom, France/Free France, United States, Canada, China, India, Australia, Poland, New Zealand, South Africa, Greece, and others Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan, Bulgaria, Finland, Romania, Hungary, Burma, Slovakia Casualties Military dead: 17 million Civilian dead: 33 million Total dead: 50 million Military dead: 8... The All-Star Squadron, featuring Doctor Mid-Nite, Star-Spangled Kid, Robotman, Uncle Sam, Phantom Lady, Commander Steel, Plastic Man, Starman, Sandman, Green Lantern, Atom, Flash, Liberty Belle, Hourman and Amazing-Man The All-Star Squadron was an American comic book (1981-1987) created by Roy Thomas and published by... Infinity Inc. ... Brian Bollands cover to the 1989 Secret Origins collection. ...

New Modern Age Members

• Star-Spangled Kid (joined in All-Star Comics #58) (later Skyman)
• Power Girl (joined in All-Star Comics #58)
• Huntress (first appeared in All-Star Comics #69) - deleted by retcon after the Crisis on Infinite Earths

The Star-Spangled Kid is the name of two DC Comics superheroes. ... Power Girl (real name Kara Zor-L, also known as Karen Starr) is a comic book superhero in the DC Comics Universe. ... The Huntress is a superheroine from DC Comics. ... Retroactive continuity — commonly contracted to the blend retcon — is the adding of new information to historical material, or deliberately changing previously established facts in a work of serial fiction. ... Crisis on Infinite Earths was a twelve-issue comic book limited series (identified as a 12 part maxi-series) and crossover event, produced by DC Comics in 1985 in order to simplify their fifty-year-old continuity. ...

Post-Crisis

One of JSA's most powerful line-ups as of JSA # 50.
Art by Carlos Pacheco.

One of Roy Thomas' efforts to resolve the Crisis-created inconsistencies was to introduce some analogues to Superman, Batman, and Wonder Woman, in a sequel to All-Star Squadron entitled The Young All-Stars. The series was dogged by rotating artists and didn't last long. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (996x584, 159 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (996x584, 159 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The JSA roster as drawn by Pacheco and Jesus Merino Carlos Pacheco is an Spanish comic book artist and penciller. ... The All-Star Squadron, featuring Doctor Mid-Nite, Star-Spangled Kid, Robotman, Uncle Sam, Phantom Lady, Commander Steel, Plastic Man, Starman, Sandman, Green Lantern, Atom, Flash, Liberty Belle, Hourman and Amazing-Man The All-Star Squadron was an American comic book (1981-1987) created by Roy Thomas and published by...

Meanwhile, DC apparently decided that the time had come to write off the JSA from active continuity. A 1986 one-shot issue called The Last Days of the Justice Society involved the JSA battling the forces of evil while merged with the Norse gods in an ever-repeating Ragnarok (written by Thomas, with art by David Ross and Mike Gustovich). Only Power Girl, the Star-Spangled Kid, the Spectre, and Dr. Fate escaped the cataclysm. In fiction, continuity is consistency of the characteristics of persons, plot, objects, places and events seen by the reader or viewer. ... Norse gods Divided between the Æsir and the Vanir, and sometimes including Jotun, the dividing line between these groups is less than clear. ... Look up Ragnarok in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Thomas also revised the JSA's origin for post-Crisis continuity in Secret Origins #31. Brian Bollands cover to the 1989 Secret Origins collection. ...

Fan interest, however, resulted in DC bringing back the JSA in the early 1990s. An eight-issue Justice Society of America limited series telling an untold JSA story set in the 1950s was published in 1991. In the final issues of the four-issue Armageddon: Inferno limited series, the JSA returned to the modern-day DC Universe when a primitive superpowered tribe volunteered to substitute for the JSA in the Ragnarok cycle, allowing the team to return to Earth.

A subsequent ongoing series was cancelled after ten issues, and most of the team was incapacitated or killed off in a controversial 1994 crossover series called Zero Hour. James Robinson's series Starman, however, brought new attention to the JSA legacy. The JSA was once again revived in 1999 in a critically and popularly acclaimed series which mixed the few remaining original members with younger counterparts. Although slated for cancellation, the series is to be relaunched as Justice Society of America. Zero Hour was a 1994 comic book miniseries and crossover storyline that ran in DC Comics. ... James Dale Robinson is a writer of comic books and screenplays, notably of the comic book series Starman. ... Starman VII is Jack Knight, a comic book superhero in the DC Comics universe, and a member of the Justice Society of America. ...

As a result of the events of Infinite Crisis, some of the surviving Golden Age characters, such as Wildcat and the Gentleman Ghost, are either aware of the existence of Earth-Two or are starting to remember their history from that universe. Cover to Infinite Crisis #1. ... Wildcat is the name of four DC Comics characters, three of them superheroes. ... The Gentleman Ghost is a DC Comics supervillain. ...

Notable Post-Crisis Appearances

The new roster presented in JSA Secret Files & Origins # 1.

• The Last Days of the Justice Society Special 1986
• Secret Origins vol. 3, #31
• The Young All-Stars, various issues
• The Justice Society of America vol. 1, #1–8 (occurs in the 1950s)
• The Justice Society of America vol. 2, #1–10 (contemporary)
• The Golden Age #1–4 (alternate history story based on the All-Star Squadron set-up, written by James Robinson and drawn by Paul Smith)
• Zero Hour #4–0 (this series was published with numbering in reverse order, reflecting a "countdown")
• Wonder Woman #130–133 (1940s adventure by John Byrne)
• Sandman Mystery Theatre #1–70, Annual #1 (1940s solo Sandman series written by Matt Wagner)
• JLA #28–31 ("Crisis Times Five," introduces Jakeem Thunder)
• The Justice Society Returns! issues (issues named with various 1940s-era titles, set in the 1940s)
• JLA/JSA: Virtue And Vice (first modern JLA/JSA team-up)
• Infinite Crisis #4
• JSA #1–87
• JSA: Classified #1— (still ongoing as of 2006)

Image File history File links Download high resolution version (376x800, 106 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (376x800, 106 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Brian Bollands cover to the 1989 Secret Origins collection. ... The All-Star Squadron was an American comic book (1981–1987) created by Roy Thomas and published by DC Comics about the adventures of a large team of superheroes which comprised of most of the feature characters owned by the company that appeared in the Golden Age of Comic Books... Alternate history (fiction) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... James Dale Robinson is a writer of comic books and screenplays, notably of the comic book series Starman. ... Paul Smith may refer to: In music: Paul Smith (music industry), British record label manager and art event producer Paul Smith (pianist) (born 1922), Los Angeles jazz pianist Paul Smith (singer), British Indie Rock In television: Paul Smith (Television) (born 1959), Executive for British childrens television Paul Smith (writer... Zero Hour was a 1994 comic book miniseries and crossover storyline that ran in DC Comics. ... Wonder Woman is a DC Comics superheroine. ... John Byrne. ... Sandman Mystery Theatre #29 (August, 1995) Sandman Mystery Theatre is a comic book series published by Vertigo, the mature-readers imprint of DC Comics, which ran for 70 issues between 1993 and 1999. ... The Sandman, alias Wesley Dodds, is a comic book superhero in the DC Comics universe, best known for his stories set during the 1940s and his costume consisting of a green business suit, fedora, and gas mask. ... Matt Wagner is an American writer and artist of comic books. ... The Justice League, sometimes called the Justice League of America or JLA for short, is a DC Comics superhero team. ... Jakeem Johnny Thunder (initially called J. J. Thunder, a name he dislikes) is a fictional character published by DC Comics and a member of the current version of the superhero team the Justice Society of America. ...

New Post-Crisis Members

Most of these members are from the current JSA series. A few heroes have been retconned after the Crisis as having been members (e.g., Miss America as a replacement for Wonder Woman — though it is not clear if this particular retcon is still valid — see below). Others were honorary members at some point but it is not clear whether they became full members (e.g., Johnny Quick or Hawkgirl Shiera Sanders), and they haven't been listed as members in this article. Retroactive continuity — commonly contracted to the blend retcon — is the adding of new information to historical material, or deliberately changing previously established facts in a work of serial fiction. ... Miss America is a DC Comics superhero. ... Johnny Quick is the name of two DC Comics characters, each with the power of superhuman speed. ... Hawkgirl is the name of several fictional superheroines in the DC Comics universe. ...

Until recently the JSA official line-up. Cover to JSA Secret Files & Origins # 2.

• Wonder Woman III (Queen Hippolyta) - revealed by John Byrne as having been the Golden Age Wonder Woman. (joined in Wonder Woman v2 #133)
• Starman VII (joined in JSA #2)
• Sand - formerly The Sandman's sidekick, Sandy the Golden Boy. (joined in JSA #2)
• Black Canary II (joined in JSA #2)
• Hourman III (joined in JSA #2)
• Atom Smasher - formerly Nuklon of Infinity, Inc. (joined in JSA #2)
• Doctor Fate IV - formerly Silver Scarab of Infinity, Inc. (joined in JSA #4)
• Hawkgirl II (joined in JSA #4)
• Stargirl - formerly Star-Spangled Kid II (joined in JSA #4)
• Mister Terrific II (joined in JSA #11)
• Doctor Mid-Nite II (joined in JSA #11)
• Jakeem Thunder (joined in JSA Secret Files #2)
• Black Adam (joined in JSA #29)
• Captain Marvel (joined in JSA #37)
• Hourman II - formerly of Infinity Inc. (joined in JSA #37)

Image File history File links Jsa_sfo2. ... Image File history File links Jsa_sfo2. ... Hippolyta as the 3rd Wonder Woman. ... John Byrne. ... Starman VII is Jack Knight, a comic book superhero in the DC Comics universe, and a member of the Justice Society of America. ... Sandy the Golden Boy is a DC Comics superhero created by Joe Simon and Jack Kirby. ... Black Canary is a female superhero in the DC Comics universe. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Atom Smasher (sometimes spelled with a hyphen) is a fictional superhero in the DC Comics Universe. ... Doctor Fate is a comic book superhero and wizard in the DC Comics universe, and a member of the Justice Society of America. ... Silver Scarab, real name Hector Sanders Hall, is a superhero who has appeared in DC Comicss Infinity, Inc. ... Hawkgirl is the name of several fictional superheroines in the DC Comics universe. ... Courtney Whitmore is the fictional superheroine Stargirl in the DC Comics Universe. ... Mister Terrific is the name of two different superheroes in the DC Comics universe. ... Doctor Mid-Nite is the name of three fictional superheroes in the DC Comics universe. ... Jakeem Johnny Thunder (initially called J. J. Thunder, a name he dislikes) is a fictional character published by DC Comics and a member of the current version of the superhero team the Justice Society of America. ... Black Adam is a fictional comic book character, appearing in DC Comics, whose morally ambiguous nature has his character fall between the lines of heroism and villainy; as a result, he has associated himself with both superheroes and supervillians in the past. ... Captain Marvel is a comic book superhero, originally published by Fawcett Comics and now owned by DC Comics. ... Hourman (Rick Tyler) is a fictional character, a superhero who was created by Roy Thomas, Dann Thomas and Todd McFarlane and first appeared in Infinity Inc. ...

2006 series

Newsarama.com reported in an undated, mid-2006 article [1] that the 1999 series JSA will end with issue #87 (July 2006), to be replaced in October with Justice Society of America written by Geoff Johns and pencilled by Dale Eaglesham, with covers by Alex Ross, who also has what he calls the "honorary" title of "creative advisor". The story reported that the series will include a new Starman, whose costume resembles that of the Starman from Ross's Kingdom Come miniseries, and will include Power Girl, Hourman (Rick Tyler) and Damage. Geoff Johns at a book signing at Midtown Comics East on 24 June 2004 in New York City. ... Dale Eaglesham is a veteran comic book illustrator who has been working in the industry since 1986. ... Rosss rendition of the Golden Age Batman and Robin. ... Starman, in comic books, refers to several different fictional characters in the DC Comics universe. ... A DC Comics Elseworld story written by Mark Waid and painted by Alex Ross, Kingdom Come is a limited series depicting a world after Superman. ... Damage was a comic book series from DC Comics. ...

Other versions

Justice Guild Of America

Main article: Justice Guild of America

A Justice League two-part episode called Legends pays homage to the Justice Society with a team of imaginary comic book superheroes in a perfect world. The team was called the Justice Guild of America. A Justice League two-part episode called Legends pays homage to the Justice Society with a team of imaginary comic book superheroes in a perfect world. ... Justice League is an American animated television series about a team of superheroes which ran from 2001 to 2004 on Cartoon Network. ... A Justice League two-part episode called Legends pays homage to the Justice Society with a team of imaginary comic book superheroes in a perfect world. ...

Appearances in other media

Many members of the current incarnation of the JSA have been featured in Justice League Unlimited, including Atom Smasher, Stargirl (with STRIPE), Sand, Mr. Terrific, Dr. Mid-Nite, Wildcat and the second Hourman. Stargirl and Mr. Terrific were the two with the most exposure; Stargirl had a speaking part in at least two episodes, while Mr. Terrific took over Martian Manhunter's job of manning the Watchtower. Wildcat had one episode, "Cat and the Canary" in which he was prominently featured. A version of Power Girl appeared as Galatea, and Jay Garrick appeared in an issue of the (non-continuity) JLU comic (his helmet can be seen in the episode "Flash and Substance"). Atom Smasher (sometimes spelled with a hyphen) is a fictional superhero in the DC Comics Universe. ... Courtney Whitmore is the fictional superheroine Stargirl in the DC Comics Universe. ... A stripe may be one of a pattern of areas created by a family of parallel lines, as on the flag of the United States, also known as the stars and stripes in a candy-stripe pattern, on a diagonal and twisted round a cylinder, as for a candy cane... Sandy the Golden Boy is a DC Comics superhero created by Joe Simon and Jack Kirby. ... Mister Terrific was a camp superhero television series. ... Cover to JSA: All-Stars #3. ... The term wildcat or wild cat may refer to several concepts: Wild Cat is a species of cat. ... Hourman (spelled Hour-Man in his earliest appearances) is a fictional DC Comics superhero created by Ken Fitch and Bernard Bailey in Adventure Comics #48 (April 1940), during the Golden Age of Comic Books. ... The Martian Manhunter (Jonn Jonzz), alternately known as the Manhunter from Mars, is a comic book superhero appearing in DC Comics. ... Power Girl (real name Kara Zor-L, also known as Karen Starr) is a comic book superhero in the DC Comics Universe. ... Jay Garrick is a fictional character in the DC Comics Universe and the first Flash. ...

Awards

The JSA received a 1965 Alley Award for Strip or Book Most Desired for Revival. The Alley Awards are comic book awards originally sponsored by Alter-Ego magazine, edited by Jerry Bails, Roy Thomas, Ronn Foss, and, in 1978, Mike Friedrich. ...

Trivia

• The first two issues of All-Star Comics were anthology issues featuring separate stories of mostly the same heroes.
• Hawkman is the only member to appear in every JSA adventure in the original run of All-Star Comics. The Atom missed two issues.
• The entire original run of All-Star Comics has been collected in hardcover volumes in DC's series of Archive Editions.

Cover to Hawkman v4 # 1. ... A number of DC Comics superheroes have shared the name Atom. ... DC Archive Editions, edited by Dale Crain for DC Comics, collect early, sometimes rare, comic books published by DC and other publishers into a permanent hardcover series. ...

References

• Roy Thomas, The All-Star Companion (TwoMorrows Publishing, 2000)

Roy Thomas (born November 22, 1940, Missouri, United States) is a comic book writer and editor, and Stan Lees first successor as editor-in-chief of Marvel Comics. ...

See also

• List of Justice Society members

The Justice Society is a team of comic book superheroes published by DC Comics. ...

External links

• The Annotated Justice Society Checklist
• DC Cosmic Teams: JSA
• Fact File: The Justice Society of America 1940–2004
• Index of the Earth-Two adventures of the JSA
• Comics Nexus - A look at the JSA's Golden Age heart and Modern Age influences