Jacob's tomb in the crypt of his church in Nisibis.
Jacob (appointed 308, died ca 338) was the first catholicus (Mar Jacob) or bishop of the Christian community of Nisibis in Mesopotamia. Jacob of Nisibis is recorded as a signatory at the First Council of Nicaea in 325. Jump to: navigation, search The newly excavated Church of Saint Jacob in Nisibis. ... Events November 11 - The Congress of Carnuntum: Attempting to keep peace within the Roman Empire, the leaders of the Tetrarchy declare Maxentius Augustus, and rival contender Constantine I is declared Caesar (junior emperor of Britain and Gaul) Births Deaths Categories: 308 ... A bishop is an ordained member of the Christian clergy who, in certain Christian churches, holds a position of authority. ... Jump to: navigation, search The newly excavated Church of Saint Jacob in Nisibis. ... Mesopotamia (Greek: Μεσοποταμία, translated from Old Persian Miyanrudan the fertile cresent; Aramaic name being Beth-Nahrain House of Two Rivers) is a region of Southwest Asia. ... Jump to: navigation, search The First Council of Nicaea, convoked by the Roman Emperor Constantine the Great in 325 AD, was the first ecumenical (from Greek oikumene, worldwide) conference of bishops of the Christian Church. ...
He founded the School of Nisibis after the model of the school of Diodorus of Tarsus in Antioch. It was not until the 10th century that the "Persian Sage" identified with Jacob of Nisibis was finally identified with Aphraates. During the first Christian centuries the school of Nisibis was the spiritiual center of the Assyrian Church of the East. ... After the early School of Antioch came into decline, the presbyter Diodore of Tarsus re-founded it in the middle of the fourth century as a semi-monastic community. ... Jump to: navigation, search The city of Antioch-on-the-Orontes (modern Antakya; Greek Αντιοχεια ἡ επι Δαφνη; see also List of traditional Greek place names) is located in what is now Turkey. ... Aphraates (a Greek form of the Persian name Aphrahas or arhadh) was a Syriac writer belonging to the middle of the 4th century AD, who composed a series of twenty-three expositlosis homilies on points of Christian doctrine and practice. ...
Under the auspices of Mar Jacob, St Awgin founded the first monastery of Mesopotamia that followed the new cenobitic model from Egypt. It was set up on Mt. Izla above the city. Buddhist monastery near Tibet A monastery is the habitation of monks. ... The cenobitic tradition is a monastic tradition that stresses community life. ...
Hence he was already by Gennadius of Marseilles (before 496) confused with Jacob, bishop of Nisibis; and the ancient Armenian version of nineteen of the homilies has been published under this latter name.
But (1) Jacob of Nisibis, who attended the council of Nicaea, died in 338; and (2) our author, being a Persian subject, cannot have lived at Nisibis, which became Persian only by Jovian's treaty of 363.
George, bishop of the Arabs, writing in A.D. 714 to a friend who had sent him a series of questions about the "Persian sage," confesses ignorance of his name, home and rank, but infers from his homilies that he was a monk, and of high esteem among the clergy.
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