Jacquard loom on display at Museum of Science and Industry in Manchester, England

The Jacquard Loom is a mechanical loom, invented by Joseph Marie Jacquard in 1801, that has holes punched in pasteboard, each row of which corresponds to one row of the design. Multiple rows of holes are punched on each card and the many cards that compose the design of the textile are strung together in order. It is based on earlier inventions by the Frenchmen Basile Bouchon (1725), Jean Falcon (1728) and Jacques Vaucanson (1740) [1]. Jacquard loom on display at the museum of science and industry. ... Jacquard loom on display at the museum of science and industry. ... Museum of Science and Industry. ... This article is about the City of Manchester in England. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Loom (disambiguation). ... This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The Union Jack, flag of the newly formed United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ... Basile Bouchon was a textile worker in Lyon who invented a way to control a loom with a perforated paper tape in 1725. ... Jacques de Vaucanson. ...

Each hole in the card corresponds to a "Bolus" hook, which can either be up or down. The hook raises or lowers the harness, which carries and guides the warp thread so that the weft will either lie above or below it. The sequence of raised and lowered threads is what creates the pattern. Each hook can be connected via the harness to a number of threads, allowing more than one repeat of a pattern. A loom with a 400 hook head might have four threads connected to each hook, resulting in a fabric that is 1600 warp ends wide with four repeats of the weave going across. WaRp. ... WEFT Champaign 90. ... WaRp. ...

The Jacquard loom was the first machine to use punch cards to control a sequence of operations. Although it did no computation based on them, it is considered an important step in the history of computing hardware. The ability to change the pattern of the loom's weave by simply changing cards was an important conceptual precursor to the development of computer programming. Specifically, Charles Babbage planned to use cards to store programs in his Analytical engine. The punch card (or Hollerith card) is a recording medium for holding information for use by automated data processing machines. ... Computing hardware has been an important component of the process of calculation and computer data storage since it became useful for numerical values to be processed and shared. ... Programming redirects here. ... Babbage redirects here. ... The analytical engine, an important step in the history of computers, was the design of a mechanical general-purpose computer by the British professor of mathematics Charles Babbage. ...

Close-up view of comber board, harness, mails, weights (Lingoes) and warp with 1040 ends

Close-up view of the 8 × 26 hole punch cards – one card per pick (weft) in the fabric

The term "Jacquard loom" is a misnomer. It is the "Jacquard head" that adapts to a great many dobby looms such as the "Dornier" brand that allow the weaving machine to then create the intricate patterns often seen in Jacquard weaving. Close-up view of hooks in Jacquard loom on display at the museum of science and industry. ... Close-up view of hooks in Jacquard loom on display at the museum of science and industry. ... Close-up view of the punch cards used by Jacquard loom on display at the museum of science and industry. ... Close-up view of the punch cards used by Jacquard loom on display at the museum of science and industry. ... A Dobby Loom is a type of floor loom that controls the warp threads using a device called a dobby. ... Lindauer DORNIER GmbH is a textile machinery manufacturer located in Lindau, Germany. ... Jacquard weaving makes possible in almost any loom the programmed raising of each warp thread independently of the others. ...

Jacquard looms, whilst relatively common in the textile industry, are not as ubiquitous as dobby looms which are usually faster and much cheaper to operate. However unlike jacquard looms they are not capable of producing so many different weaves from one warp. Modern jacquard looms are computer controlled and can have thousands of hooks. And inevitably, unlike Jacquard's original invention there is now no need for the use of punched cards – instead the patterns are controlled by electronic computer. WaRp. ...

The threading of a Jacquard loom is so labor intensive that many looms are threaded only once. Subsequent warps are then tied in to the existing warp with the help of a knotting robot which ties each new thread on individually. Even for a small loom with only a few thousand warp ends the process of re-threading can take days.
WaRp. ... WaRp. ...

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Jacquard loom

• Timeline of clothing and textiles technology
• Luddite
• Jacquard weaving

This article was originally based on material from the Free On-line Dictionary of Computing, which is licensed under the GFDL. Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Timeline of clothing and textiles technology. ... The Luddites were a social movement of English textile artisans in the early nineteenth century who protested — often by destroying textile machines — against the changes produced by the Industrial Revolution, which they felt threatened their livelihood. ... Jacquard weaving makes possible in almost any loom the programmed raising of each warp thread independently of the others. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... “GFDL” redirects here. ...

v • d • e Weaving
Weaves:	Basketweave · Double weave · Evenweave · Pile weave · Pique · Plain weave · Satin weave · Twill
Components:	Textiles · Warp · Weft · Yarn
Tools and techniques:	Coverlet · Heddle · Ikat · Inkle weaving · Jacquard weaving · Kasuri · Loom · Navajo rug · Shuttle · Tablet weaving · Tāniko · Tapestry
Types of looms:	Dobby loom · Jacquard loom · Power loom