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Dr. Gugum Gumbira Tirasondjaja, often known just as Gugum Gumbira, is a Sundanese composer, orchestra leader, choreographer, and entrepreneur from Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. The Sundanese are an ethnic group in the western part of the island of Java in Indonesia. ...
A composer is a person who writes music. ...
An orchestra is a musical ensemble used most often in classical music. ...
Choreography (also known as dance composition) is the art of making structures in which movement occurs, the term composition may also refer to the navigation or connection of these movement structures. ...
It has been suggested that Entrepreneurial mindset be merged into this article or section. ...
A view of Bandung from the northern highlands Bandung (formerly spelled: Bandoeng) is the provincial capital of West Java, Indonesia. ...
Map showing West Java in Indonesia West Java (Jawa Barat) is a province of Indonesia, located on the island of Java. ...
Jaipongan
In 1961, Indonesian President Sukarno prohibited rock and roll and other western genres of music, and challenged Indonesian musicians to revive the indigenous arts. Gugum Gumbira took up the challenge, and studied rural dance and festival music for twelve years. Jaipongan, or Jaipong, was the most popular result of his study, derived from the updating of a village ritual music called ketuk tilu, with moves from Pencak Silat, the Indonesian martial art, and music from the masked theater dance, Topeng Banjet, and the Wayang Golek puppet theater. 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ...
Sukarno Sukarno (June 6, 1901 – June 21, 1970) was the first President of Indonesia. ...
Rock and roll (also spelled Rock n Roll, especially in its first decade), also called rock, is a form of popular music, usually featuring vocals (often with vocal harmony), electric guitars and a strong back beat; other instruments, such as the saxophone, are common in some styles. ...
The word western is an adjective used to refer to things that are in the West. ...
Pencak Silat or Silat (fighting by using techniques of self-defence) is an Asian martial art with roots in the culture of the Malay World. ...
Topeng is an Indonesian form of dance drama in which one or more dancers wear masks and perform ancient stories, often concerning semi-mythical kings and princes. ...
Wayang is the Indonesian term for puppet, and the term refers to any and all of the numerous varieties of puppetry found in the archipelago. ...
In the original ketuk tilu, the group typically consists of the ketuk tilu pot-gong, other small gongs, a rebab (spike fiddle), barrel drums, and a female singer-dancer (ronggeng) who is often also a prostitute, who invites men to dance with her sensually. Gugum expanded the drum section as part of an urban gamelan orchestra, sped up the music, redefined the singer as just a singer (sinden), and came up with the catchy onomatopoeic name. Many listeners consider the music very complex, with the dynamic rhythm liable to change seemingly randomly. The rebab is a musical string instrument which was heavily used in old Arabic music its considered as part of the Lute familiy (Oud in Arabic). ...
Ronggeng is a type of Malay social dance in which couples exchange poetic verses as they dance to the music of a violin or a gong. ...
Prostitution is the sale of sexual services (typically manual stimulation, oral sex, sexual intercourse, or anal sex) for cash or other kind of return, generally indiscriminately with many persons. ...
Saron - Indonesian Embassy in Canberra A gamelan is a musical ensemble of Indonesian origin typically featuring metallophones, xylophone(s), drums, and gongs. ...
Jaipongan debuted in 1974 when Pak Gugum and his gamelan and dancers first performed in public. Sporadic government attempts to suppress it due to its perceived immorality (it inherited some of the sensuality of ketuk tilu) just made it more popular. It survived even after the official Indonesian ban on foreign pop music was lifted after a few years, and became a craze in the 1980s. Since the mid-1980s Jaipongan’s importance as a social dance has waned, but it remained popular as a stage dance, performed by women, mixed couples or as a solo. 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (the link is to a full 1974 calendar). ...
The most widely available album of Jaipongan outside Indonesia is "Tongerret", featuring singer Idjah Hadidjah and Gugum Gumbira's Jugala orchestra, released in 1987, and re-released as part of "WestJava: Sundanese Jaipong and other Popular Music", by Nonesuch Records under their Explorer Series label. Nonesuch Records is currently a Warner Bros. ...
Jugala Gugum Gumbira's Jugala Studios in Bandung serves as the base for his own Jugala orchestra and dance troupe, and has hosted and recorded many other musicians, including Sabah Habas Mustapha, and The Residents. The Residents The Residents are an avant garde music and visual arts group. ...
The Jugala orchestra includes Sundanese gamelan instruments, drums, rebab and suling flute, and plays Jaipongan and contemporary degung music. Saron - Indonesian Embassy in Canberra A gamelan is a musical ensemble of Indonesian origin typically featuring metallophones, xylophone(s), drums, and gongs. ...
Gamelan Degung is a Sundanese musical ensemble that utilises a subset of modified gamelan instruments with a particular mode of pelog scale. ...
Personal Gugum Gumbira is married to Euis Komariah, who sings for the Jugala Orchestra. Their daughter, Mira Tejaningrum (born March 4, 1969), is a dancer and choreographer for the Jugala dance troupe.
References - Jaipongan Description and history, from the Harsanari Indonesian Dance Company website.
- Mira Tejaningrum From "The Power of Music" website
- Jaipongan dance, created by Gugum Gumbira in West Java Short MOV video from a Jean Hellwig film on popular dancing in West Java (1989)
- Indonesian Music Overview at the Indonesian Music Shop
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