Jamaican Americans are Americans of Jamaican heritage or Jamaican-born people who live in the United States of America. American citizenship is not a prerequisite of being a Jamaican American as permanent residents are also given this title. The largest proportion of Jamaicans live in New York City which has various of other Caribbean cultural elements such as food and music. There is also a community of Jamaican-Americans residing in South Florida and New England. New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... Location of metropolitan area in the state of Florida Major cities Miami, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida West Palm Beach, Florida Area  - Total  - Water 15,896 km² (6,137 mi²) 2,621 km² (1,011 mi²) 16. ... When used by itself in a sentence, the term Hartford can refer to one of several places in the United States. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... Jamaican Creole, also known as Patois/(Patwa) or simply Jamaican, is an English/African-based language --not to be confused with Jamaican English nor with the Rastafarian use of English-- used primarily on the island of Jamaica. ... For other uses, see Christian (disambiguation). ... Jamaican Canadian is a Canadian-born person of Jamaican descent, or a Jamaican-born person with Canadian citizenship. ... Chinese Jamaicans refer to the small but nonetheless influential group of Jamaicans with Chinese ancestry. ... Jamaican British is a term that is used in the UK to refer people who were born in Jamaica or who are of Jamaican descent. ... Indo-Jamaican or East Indian Jamaicans are People who are born in Jamaica who are descents of East Indian immigrants who came from India to the island as indentured workers. ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... West Indies redirects here. ... Location of metropolitan area in the state of Florida Major cities Miami, Florida Fort Lauderdale, Florida West Palm Beach, Florida Area  - Total  - Water 15,896 km² (6,137 mi²) 2,621 km² (1,011 mi²) 16. ... This article is about the region in the United States of America. ...

The first Jamaicans in America

The documented history of black emigration from Jamaica and other Caribbean islands into what is now the United States dates back to 1619 when 20 voluntary indentured workers arrived in Jamestown, Virginia, on a Dutch frigate. They lived and worked as "free persons" even when a Portuguese vessel arrived with the first shipload of blacks enslaved in 1629. Since Jamaica was a major way station and clearing house for slaves en route to North America, the history of Jamaican immigration in the United States is inseparably tied to slavery and post-emancipation migration. A memorial statue in Hanko, Finland, commemorating the thousands of emigrants who left the country to start a new life in the United States Emigration is the act and the phenomenon of leaving ones native country to settle in another country. ... Events May 13 - Dutch statesman Johan van Oldenbarnevelt is executed in The Hague after having been accused of treason. ... // Jamestown may refer to: Jamestown, South Australia Mount Olive-Silverstone-Jamestown, a neighbourhood of Toronto, Ontario Jamestown, Ghana, a district of the city of Accra Jamestown, Dublin Jamestown, Laois Jamestown, Offaly Jamestown, County Leitrim I live there! Jamestown, Saint Helena, a harbour and the capital of Saint Helena Jamestown, the... This article is about the U.S. state. ... This article is about the color. ... Wiktionary has related dictionary definitions, such as: slave Slave may refer to: Slavery, where people are owned by others, and live to serve their owners without pay Slave (BDSM), a form of sexual and consenual submission Slave clock, in technology, a clock or timer that synchrnonizes to a master clock... North America North America is a continent[1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ... Wiktionary has related dictionary definitions, such as: slave Slave may refer to: Slavery, where people are owned by others, and live to serve their owners without pay Slave (BDSM), a form of sexual and consenual submission Slave clock, in technology, a clock or timer that synchrnonizes to a master clock...

After 1838, European colonies in the Caribbean with expanding sugar industries imported large numbers of immigrants to meet their acute labor shortage. Large numbers of Jamaicans were recruited to work in Panama and Costa Rica in the 1850s. After slavery was abolished in the United States in 1865, American planters imported temporary workers, called "swallow migrants," to harvest crops on an annual basis. These workers, many of them Jamaicans, returned to their countries after harvest. Between 1881 and the beginning of World War I, the United States recruited over 250,000 workers from the Caribbean, 90,000 of whom were Jamaicans, to work on the Panama Canal. During both world wars, the United States again recruited Jamaican men for service on various American bases in the region. For comparison - population wise the Jamaican American population is larger than the Jamaican British population, however the UK has a larger percentage of Jamaican people than the USA. For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... This article is about sugar as food and as an important and widely traded commodity. ... Abolition is the act of formally destroying something through legal means, either by making it illegal, or simply no longer allowing it to exist in any form. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ... Two Panamax running the Miraflores Locks The Panama Canal (Spanish: ) is a major ship canal that traverses the Isthmus of Panama in Central America, connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. ... Jamaican British is a term that is used in the UK to refer people who were born in Jamaica or who are of Jamaican descent. ...

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Significant Immigration Waves

Since the turn of the twentieth century, three distinct waves of Caribbean immigration into the United States have occurred — most of these immigrants came from Jamaica. The first wave took place between 1900 and the 1920s, bringing a modest number of Caribbean immigrants. Official black immigration increased from 412 in 1899 to 12,245 in 1924, although the actual number of black aliens entering the United States yearly was twice as high. By 1930, 178,000 documented first-generation blacks and their children lived in the United States. About 100,000 were from the British West Indies, including Jamaica. The second and weakest immigration wave occurred between the 1930s and the new immigration policy of the mid-1960s. The McCarran-Walter Act reaffirmed and upheld the quota bill, which discriminated against black immigrants and allowed only 100 Jamaicans into the United States annually. During this period, larger numbers of Jamaicans migration to Britain rather than to the United States due to the immigration restrictions. (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s The 20th century lasted from 1901 to 2000 in the Gregorian calendar (often from (1900 to 1999 in common usage). ... Immigration is the act of moving to or settling in another country or region, temporarily or permanently. ... Äž: For the film, see: 1900 (film). ... 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... West Indies redirects here. ... Roadtown, Tortola The term British West Indies refers to territories in and around the Caribbean which were colonised by Great Britain. ...

The final and largest wave of immigration began in 1965 and continues to the present. This wave began after Britain began to restrict the number of immigrants it accepted from the newly independent, black-majority former colonies, whereas prior to that, as citizens of a Commonwealth of Nations country, Jamaicans and other West Indian immigrants enjoyed a relatively unrestricted ability to move to the United Kingdom. The 1965 Hart-Celler Immigration Reform Act changed American immigration policy and, inadvertently, opened the way for a surge in immigration from the Caribbean. In 1976, Jamaicans again relocated to the United States in large numbers after Congress increased immigration from the Western Hemisphere to a maximum of 20,000 persons per country. Although about 10,000 Jamaicans migrated to the United States legally from 1960 to 1965, the number skyrocketed in succeeding years — 62,700 (1966-1970), 61,500 (1971-1975), 80,600 (1976-1980) and 81,700 (1981-1984) — to an aggregate of about 300,000 documented immigrants in just under a quarter of a century. The Commonwealth of Nations as of 2006 Headquarters Marlborough House, London, UK Official languages English Membership 53 sovereign states Leaders  -  Queen Elizabeth II  -  Secretary-General Don McKinnon (since 1 April 2000) Establishment  -  Balfour Declaration 18 November 1926   -  Statute of Westminster 11 December 1931   -  London Declaration 28 April 1949  Area  -  Total... Immigration is the movement of people into one place from another. ...

At present, Jamaicans are the largest group of American immigrants from the English-speaking Caribbean. However, it is difficult to verify the exact number of Jamaican Americans in this country. The 1990 census placed the total number of documented Jamaican Americans at 435,025, but the high Jamaican illegal alien phenomenon and the Jamaican attitude toward census response may increase that number to 800,000 to 1,000,000 Jamaicans living in the United States. Government statistics report that 186,430 Jamaicans live in New York, but the number is closer to 600,000.

Jamaican migration became so large that it caused a national crisis in Jamaica. The exodus has resulted in a serious "brain drain" and an acute shortage of professionals, such as skilled workers, technicians, doctors, lawyers, and managers, in essential services in Jamaica. For example, the mail often takes one to three months to reach its final destination because of a shortage of postal service supervisors. During the 1970s and early 1980s about 15 percent of the population left the country. In the early 1990s the government began offering incentives to persons with technical, business, and managerial skills to return to Jamaica for short periods of time to aid in management and technical skills training.

Reasons for migrating

Jamaicans migrate to the United States for many socio-economic reasons. Migration is encouraged by economic hardship caused by a failing economy based upon plantation agriculture, lack of economic diversity, and scarcity of professional and skilled jobs. Since the nineteenth century Jamaica has had a very poor land distribution track record. The uneven allotment of arable crown lands and old plantations left farmers without a sufficient plot for subsistence or cash crop farming, which contributed to high unemployment statistics and economic hardship. During the 1970s the standard of living declined due to economic inflation and low salaries. When companies and corporations lost confidence in Michael Manley's democratic socialist government and his anti-American rhetoric and close business ties to Cuba, the flight of capital from Jamaica and the shift in U.S. capital investments worsened the situation. Jamaica's huge foreign debt and the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) restructuring of the economy further exacerbated the island's economic woes in the 1980s and 1990s. An increase in crime, fueled by unemployment and aggravated by the exporting of criminals from the United States back to Jamaica, forced thousands of Jamaicans to flee the island for safety. Today, unemployment and under-employment continue to rise above 50 percent, wages continue to fall, the dollar weakens, and the cost of goods and services continues to increase. A memorial statue in Hanko, Finland, commemorating the thousands of emigrants who left the country to start a new life in the United States Emigration is the act and the phenomenon of leaving ones native country to settle in another country. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Anti-American sentiment is a hostility towards or disapproval of the government, culture, history, and/or people of the United States of America. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

The Jamaican mentality that one must "go ah foreign" and "return to him country" to "show off" evidence of success has become a rite of passage for thousands of Jamaicans. This began when the United States imported Jamaicans to work on various projects in the 1800s and early twentieth century. Before long, Jamaicans saw migration as an attractive solution to the harsh social and economic conditions on island. In addition, many Jamaican students and trainees study at American institutions. Not all return to Jamaica upon completion of their studies. Many stay because of the lack of job opportunities at home and an entrenched British-colonial bias among Jamaica's elite against American education. (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s The 20th century lasted from 1901 to 2000 in the Gregorian calendar (often from (1900 to 1999 in common usage). ... See: Look up Attractive in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Economics (deriving from the Greek words οίκω [okos], house, and νέμω [nemo], rules hence household management) is the social science that studies the allocation of scarce resources to satisfy unlimited wants. ...

Settlement

Of the Jamaicans documented in the 1990 census, 410,933 reported to have at least one Jamaican ancestry. Of this number 94.5 percent are first generation Jamaican immigrants, and the remaining 5.5 percent are of second generation or children of Jamaican descent. The regional composition is as follows: 59 percent live in New York; 4.8 percent in the Midwest; 30.6 percent in the South, particularly Florida; and 5.6 percent in the West. New York City and Florida have the largest number of Jamaican immigrants in the United States and Florida are home to the highest number of illegal Jamaicans whereas most Legal immigrants tend to reside in Brooklyn. Jamaicans refer to Miami and Brooklyn colloquially as "Kingston 22" and "Little Jamaica" respectively. Accessibility, family connections, the help of friends or church, jobs, group psychology (including gangs), access to college and university education, and weather conditions explain the heavy concentration of Jamaican immigrants in Brooklyn, Miami, Ft Lauderdale, as well as along the eastern coast. This article is about the city in Florida. ... This article is about the borough of New York City. ... The City of Kingston is the capital and largest city of Jamaica. ... Known on the streets as Eglinton West, Little Jamaica is a retail section of Toronto situated along Eglinton Avenue West from Caledonia Road to Keele Street. ... College (Latin collegium) is a term most often used today to denote an educational institution. ...

Jamaicans have a saying, "Anywhere you go in the world you meet a Jamaican." According to the 1990 census, there are Jamaicans in every state in the Union. The census shows that regionally, there are 30,327 in New England, 223,310 in the middle Atlantic, 18,163 in east north central, 2,698 in the west north central, 121,260 in the south Atlantic, 2,882 in the east south central, 9,117 in the west south central, 2,696 in the mountain region, and 21,571 in the Pacific region. This article is about the region in the United States of America. ...

Music

Many Jamaican festivals celebrate Jamaica's rich musical tradition. In the 1960s, Count Ossie merged native Jamaican, Afro-Caribbean, and Afro-American musical rhythms with rock and other influences to create a distinctively black music called "reggae." This music, which the Rastafarians and Bob Marley popularized, is a plea for liberation and a journey into black consciousness and African pride. Like calypso, reggae began as a working-class medium of expression and social commentary. Reggae is the first distinctly Caribbean music to become global in scope. Each August, Jamaica stages its internationally acclaimed music festival at the Jamworld Center in Kingston. Over the five-day period, the premier music festival of the Caribbean attracts over 200,000 visitors. Each year it features top reggae stars like Ziggy Marley, Jimmy Cliff, Third World, and Stevie Wonder. This is followed immediately by the Reggae Sunfest at the Bob Marley Performing Center in Montego Bay. In the post Lenten period, the streets of Kingston come alive to the pulsating sounds of calypso and soca music. For nine emotionally charged days, local and international artists treat revelers to the best of reggae, soca and calypso "under the tents." During this time, thousands of glittering costumed celebrants revel and dance through the streets in a festive mood. The National Mento Yard is kicked off in Manchester in October with a potpourri of traditional and cultural folk forms which have contributed to Jamaica's rich cultural heritage. Many of these cultural events are observed by Jamaican Americans in local public celebrations or in the privacy of their homes. Haile Selassie Ras Tafari was the title used by Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia during his time as tenure Regent and Crown Prince (1916-1928). ... This article is about the reggae musician. ... Calypso might refer to one of several things: Calypso is the name of a sea nymph in Greek mythology; Calypso music is a style of Caribbean folk music; Calypso is the name of an album sung by Harry Belafonte; Calypso is the name of a moon of Saturn; 53 Kalypso... Reggae is a music genre developed in Jamaica in the late 1960s. ... Look up medium in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Reggae is a music genre developed in Jamaica in the late 1960s. ... The music of the Caribbean is a diverse grouping of musical genres. ... The adjective global and adverb globally imply that the verb or noun to which they are applied applies to the entire Earth and all of its species and regions. ... For other uses, see Festival (disambiguation). ... Reggae is a music genre developed in Jamaica in the late 1960s. ... Sunfest is an annual Canadian world music music festival that happens in London, Ontario primarily in Victoria Park. ...

Dances and songs

Jamaica is known worldwide for its African folk dances, Jonkonnu and Accompong. Jamaica's carnival Jump-up is now very popular in Kingston and Ocho Rios. The National Dance Theater (NDTC), established temporarily in 1962, is a world-renowned troupe that celebrates the unique traditional dance and rich musical heritage of Jamaica and the other Caribbean islands. Under the distinguished leadership of Professor Rex Nettleford, NDTC has made many tours to the United States, Britain, Canada and other countries. View of Ocho Rios, taken from Shaw Park Gardens - 2006 Ocho Rios is a town on the northern coast of Jamaica, located in the parish of Saint Ann. ...

Jamaica's most popular musical forms are Reggae and Dancehall, as well as Gospel. There is also others such as "dub poetry" or chanted verses, Ska, and Rocksteady, with its emotionally charged, celebrative beat. Jamaican Americans also listen to a great variety of other music such as: jazz, calypso, soca, ska, rap, classical music, gospel, and "high-church" choirs. For other uses, see Jazz (disambiguation). ... Calypso might refer to one of several things: Calypso is the name of a sea nymph in Greek mythology; Calypso music is a style of Caribbean folk music; Calypso is the name of an album sung by Harry Belafonte; Calypso is the name of a moon of Saturn; 53 Kalypso... See: Soca River (pronounced Socha River), ( Slovenian original reka Soča). ... For other uses, see SKA (disambiguation). ... RAP may mean: the IATA airport code for Rapid City Regional Airport Rassemblement pour lalternative progressiste, a Québecois political party. ... This article is about Western art music from 1000 AD to the 2000s . ... Gospel, from the Old English good tidings is a calque of Greek () used in the New Testament (see Etymology below). ...

Cuisine

The national dish in Jamaica is ackee and saltfish (codfish), but curried goat and rice, and fried fish and bammy (a flat, baked cassava bread) are just as popular and delicious. A large variety of dishes are known for their spicy nature. Patties, which can either be mild or hot and spicy, turtle soup, Jerk chicken, and pepper pot may contain meats such as pork and beef, as well as greens such as okra and kale. Spices such as pimento or allspice, ginger, and peppers are used commonly in a number of dishes. Other Jamaican foods are: plantain, rice and peas, cow-foot, goat head, jerk chicken, pork, oxtail soup, stew peas and rice, rundown, liver and green bananas, calaloo and dumplings, mannish water from goat's intestine, and hard dough bread and pastries. A national dish is a dish, food or a drink that represents a particular country, nation or region. ... Binomial name K.D.Koenig The Ackee or Akee (Blighia sapida) is a member of the Sapindaceae (soapberry family), native to tropical West Africa in Cameroon, Gabon, Sao Tome and Principe, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cote DIvoire, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo. ... A bagel topped with salt beef and mustard Salt-cured meat or salted meat, for example ham, bacon or kippered herring, is meat or fish preserved or cured by salt or brine. ... Jerk spices packaged in jars Jerk chicken being cooked Jerk chicken as London festival food Jerk is a style of cooking native to Jamaica in which meats (traditionally pork, but now including chicken, fish, beef and even tofu) are dry-rubbed with a fiery spice mixture called Jamaican jerk spice. ... For other uses, see Pork (disambiguation). ... Oxtail is the culinary name for the tail of a beef animal. ... For other uses, see Soup (disambiguation). ... This article needs to be wikified. ...

Dessert is usually fruit or a dish containing fruit. An example is matrimony, which is a mixture of orange sections, star apples, or guavas in coconut cream with guava cheese melted over it. Other desserts are cornmeal pudding, sweet potato pudding, totoes, plantain tarts, and many other "sweet-tooth" favorites. Coffee and tea are popular nonalcoholic beverages, as are carrot juice, roots, and Irish or sea moss, while rum, Red Stripe Beer, Dragon and Guinness stouts are the national alcoholic beverages. In Miami and Brooklyn, especially in the neighborhood of Flatbush along Flatbush, Nostrand, Utica, and Church Avenues, one sees groceries filled with a variety of Caribbean cuisines, including sugar cane, jelly coconut, and yams. The Red Stripe logo This article refers to the beer. ... Guinness logo Guinness is Good for You — Irish language advertisement. ... Flatbush is a neighborhood of the Borough of Brooklyn, a part of New York City. ... A variety of pre-packaged gelatin dessert products for sale at a supermarket in the U.S. state of Wisconsin in 2004 Jelly, as sold in UK The most popular culinary use for gelatin is as a main ingredient in varieties of gelatin desserts also known as Jelly. ... For other uses, see Coconut (disambiguation). ... For the Levantine god of the untamed sea, see Yaw. ...

Traditional costumes

Jamaica's traditional folk costume for women is a bandana skirt worn with a white blouse with a ruffled neck and sleeves, adorned with embroidery depicting various Jamaican images. A head tie made of the same bandana material is also worn. Men wear a shirt that is also made of the same fabric. The colors of the national flag are black, green, and gold. However, because of the popularity of the clothes and colors of Rastafari, many people mistake Rastas' colors (red, green, and gold) as Jamaica's national colors. Jamaicans wear their costumes on Independence Day, National Heroes Day, and other national celebrations. In New York City Jamaican Americans participate in the Caribbean Labor day parade in Brooklyn annually and dress in lavish and colorful costumes during the Brooklyn celebration along Eastern Parkway. Haile Selassie Ras Tafari was the title used by Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia during his time as tenure Regent and Crown Prince (1916-1928). ...

Health issues

There are no documented medical problems that are unique to Jamaicans. In the 1950s and 1960s, polio appeared in some communities but was later contained by medical treatment. Since the 1980s, drug abuse and alcoholism have also plagued Jamaicans. Crime and economic hardship have taken a heavy toll on the health and life expectancy in Jamaica during the last two decades. This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

In 1994, the government of Jamaica admitted that most violent crimes committed in the country are drug related. Many of the Caribbean drug kingpins in Brooklyn and Jamaica were trained in the slums of Kingston. The distribution and use of marijuana (Also called Ganja in Patois) and crack cocaine accompany Jamaican gang members to New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Florida, Massachusetts, California, and West Virginia, thus perpetuating drug abuse problems. Violence is a general term to describe actions, usually deliberate, that cause or intend to cause injury to people, animals, or non-living objects. ... This article is about the state. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Capital Harrisburg Largest city Philadelphia Largest metro area Delaware Valley Area  Ranked 33rd  - Total 46,055 sq mi (119,283 km²)  - Width 280 miles (455 km)  - Length 160 miles (255 km)  - % water 2. ... Official language(s) English Capital Tallahassee Largest city Jacksonville Largest metro area Miami metropolitan area Area  Ranked 22nd  - Total 65,795[1] sq mi (170,304[1] km²)  - Width 361 miles (582 km)  - Length 447 miles (721 km)  - % water 17. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Largest metro area Greater Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ... Official language(s) English Capital Charleston Largest city Charleston Largest metro area Charleston metro area Area  Ranked 41st  - Total 24,244 sq mi (62,809 km²)  - Width 130 miles (210 km)  - Length 240 miles (385 km)  - % water 0. ...

Sports

A number of Jamaicans and Jamaican Americans have excelled in international competition and carried home many trophies. Sir Herbert McDonald was an Olympian; Donald Quarrie won the 200 and the 4 X 100 meters Olympic Gold Medal; Marlene Ottey won the 200 and the 4 X 100 meters. Some of the world's most outstanding cricketers were Jamaicans; they include: O. J. Collier Smith, Alfred Valentine, Roy Gilcrist, Michael Holding, Easton McMorris, Franze Alexander, and George Headley, who was born in Panama in 1909, transported to Cuba, grew up in Jamaica and lived in the United States. Categories: Stub | West Indian cricketers | Jamaica cricketers | West Indian test cricketers | West Indian batsmen | Wisden Cricketers of the Year ...

List of prominent Jamaican-Americans

Acting

• Tyson Beckford^[2]
• Corbin Bleu (1989 - ) film/television actor (High School Musical)^[3]
• Sheryl Lee Ralph^[4]
• Camille McDonald
• Delroy Lindo^[5]
• Grace Jones^[6]
• Madge Sinclair^[7]
• Shari Belafonte^[8]

Tyson Craig Beckford (born December 19, 1970 in Bronx, New York) is an American male supermodel and actor, known worldwide for his muscular physique, facial structure, and tattoos; and also as the lead model for Ralph Lauren. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... For other uses, see High School Musical (disambiguation). ... Sheryl Lee Ralph (born on December 30, 1956 in Waterbury, Connecticut, USA) is an African-American actress and singer of Jamaican descent, best known for her work in musical theatre productions such as Dreamgirls, her co-starring role in the 1980s television sitcom Its A Living and as Brandy... Delroy Lindo (born November 18, 1952, Eltham, London, England, UK) is a British actor. ... Grace Jones (born Grace Mendoza on May 19, 1948, in Spanish Town, Jamaica) is a model, singer and actress. ... Madge Dorita Sinclair, born Madge Dorita Walters (April 28, 1938 in Kingston, Jamaica— December 20, 1995 in Los Angeles, California) was an Emmy-winning Jamaican actress. ... Mrs Belafonte is an avid cigar smoker On the cover of Playboy, September 2000 Shari Belafonte (born September 22, 1954) is an American actress. ...

Aviation

• Barrington Irving

Barrington Irving, Jr. ...

Modelling

• Karin Taylor

Karin Katherine Taylor (born November 28, 1971 in Kingston, Jamaica) is a former fashion model, chosen by Playboy as their Playmate of the Month June 1996. ...

Music

• Special Ed
• Sandra Denton
• Harry Belafonte^[9]
• Bushwick Bill
• Grace Jones^[10]
• Alicia Keys^[11]
• Sean Kingston
• will.i.am^[12]
• Busta Rhymes^[13]
• Winston Grennan
• Grace Jones^[14]
• Beat Prophets^[15]
• Canibus^[16]
• Chubb Rock^[17]
• Ernie Smith^[18]
• Heavy D^[19]
• Kool DJ Herc^[20]
• Notorious BIG^[21]
• Renee Neufville^[22]
• KRS-One
• Shawn Mims
• Black Chiney

Special ed is the performing name of Edward Archer (born May 16, 1972 in Brooklyn, New York), an American hip hop musician of Jamaican descent. ... Sandra Pepa Denton Sandra Pepa Denton (born November 9, 1964 in Kingston, Jamaica) is an jamaican/american R&B / hip-hop singer, and a member of the female rap trio known as Salt-N-Pepa. ... Harold George Belafonete, Jr. ... Cover of the Geto Boys album We Cant be Stopped (1990) Dr. Wolfgang Von Bushwickin the Barbarian Mother Funky Stay High Dollar Billstir, aka Bushwick Bill, (born as Richard Shaw, December 8, 1966 in Kingston, Jamaica) is a member of the rap group Geto Boys. ... Grace Jones (born Grace Mendoza on May 19, 1948, in Spanish Town, Jamaica) is a model, singer and actress. ... Alicia Keys (born Alicia J. Augello-Cook on January 25, 1980[1][2]) is an American R&B and soul singer, songwriter, pianist, record producer, actress, philanthropist, and author who has sold over twenty million albums worldwide and has won numerous awards, including nine Grammy Awards, eleven Billboard Music Awards... Kisean Anderson (born February 3, 1990) better known by his stage name Sean Kingston, is a Jamaican American Reggae singer and rapper. ... For other persons named William Adams, see William Adams (disambiguation). ... Trevor Smith (born on May 20, 1972), better known as Busta Rhymes, is an American hip hop musician and actor. ... Winston Grennan (September 16, 1944 - October 27, 2000). ... Grace Jones (born Grace Mendoza on May 19, 1948, in Spanish Town, Jamaica) is a model, singer and actress. ... Germaine Williams (born December 9, 1974), better known as Canibus and also as Can-I-Bus and Rip the Jacker, is a Jamaican-born American MC and rapper. ... Chubb Rock Chubb Rock (born Richard Simpson on May 28, 1968 in Jamaica) is rapper who released several commercially successful hip hop albums circa 1990. ... Ernest Frederick Smith (born November 26, 1909 in Spearfish, SD and died April 25, 1985 in Los Angeles) was an offensive tackle under coach Howard Jones of the University of Southern California. ... Heavy D. & the Boyz was an American hip hop group led by 250-lb Heavy D., who is known for his wild boastings about his sexual prowess. ... DJ Kool Herc was the originator of break-beat DJing, where the breaks of funk songs—being the most danceable part, often featuring percussion—were isolated and repeated for the purpose of all-night dance parties (AMG [1]). Later DJs such as Grandmaster Flash refined and developed the use of... Christopher Wallace (May 21, 1972 - March 9, 1997), also known as Biggie Smalls (after a stylish gangster in the 1975 comedy, Lets Do it Again), but best known as The Notorious B.I.G. (Business Instead of Game). ... Zhané (pronounced Jah-Nay) was an American R&B/hip hop soul duo, best known for their 1993 hit Hey, Mr. ... KRS-One (born Lawrence Krisna Parker on August 20, 1965 in Brooklyn, New York. ... This article is about the musician. ... Black Chiney is a Jamaican sound system based in Miami, Florida. ...

Sports

• Ramon Bailey (1984 - ) soccer midfielder and forward, who played for the MetroStars of Major League Soccer^[23]
• Jeff Cunningham -Major League Soccer and United States national soccer team player
• Chili Davis - Major League Baseball star^[24]
• Robin Fraser -Major League Soccer and United States national soccer team player
• Patrick Ewing - NBA basketball player^[25]

Ramon Bailey (born February 22, 1984 in Kingston, Jamaica) is a Jamaican soccer midfielder and forward, who played for the MetroStars of Major League Soccer. ... Jeff Cunningham (born August 21, 1976 in Montego Bay, Jamaica) is a Jamaican-American soccer striker, who currently plays for Real Salt Lake of Major League Soccer. ... Charles Theodore Chili Davis (born January 17, 1960 in Kingston, Jamaica) is a former center fielder/designated hitter who played in Major League Baseball with the San Francisco Giants (1981-87), California Angels (1988-90, 1993-96), Minnesota Twins (1991-92), Kansas City Royals (1997) and New York Yankees (1998... Robin Fraser (born December 17, 1966, in Kingston, Jamaica) is a former soccer defender, one of the best defenders in Major League Soccers history. ... First International Unofficial: USA 0 - 1 Canada (Newark, USA; November 28, 1885) Official: Sweden 2 - 3 USA (Stockholm, Sweden; August 20, 1916) Largest win USA 8 - 1 Cayman Islands (Mission Viejo, USA; November 14, 1993) USA 7 - 0 El Salvador (Los Angeles, USA; December 5, 1993) USA 7 - 0 Barbados... Patrick Aloysius Ewing (born August 5, 1962) is a Jamaican-born American former professional basketball player. ...

Public service

• Colin Powell - 65th United States Secretary of State^[26]

General Colin Luther Powell, United States Army (Ret. ... Seal of the United States Department of State. ...

Religion

• Louis Farrakhan - leader of the Nation of Islam^[27]

Louis Farrakhan (born Louis Eugene Walcott, May 11, 1933), is the head of the Nation of Islam (NOI) and the National Reprensentative of Elijah Muhammad. ... The Nation of Islam (NOI) is a religious and social/political organization founded in the United States by Wallace Fard Muhammad in 1930 with the self-proclaimed goal of resurrecting the spiritual, mental, social, economic condition of the black man and woman of America and belief that God will bring...

External links

• najaa
• jamaicanamericanassoc

References