James FitzJames, Duke of Berwick

James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick-upon-Tweed (August 21, 1670- June 12, 1734) was a French military leader, illegitimate son of King James II of England and VII of Scotland by Arabella Churchill, sister of the Duke of Marlborough. In 1695 he married Honora Burke, the widow of Patrick Sarsfield, who died in 1698. His second marriage, with Anne Bulkeley, took place in 1700. ImageMetadata File history File links Berwick. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Berwick. ... August 21 is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1670 was a common year beginning on a Saturday in countries using the Julian calendar and a Wednesday in countries using the Gregorian calendar. ... June 12 is the 163rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (164th in leap years), with 202 days remaining. ... Events January 8 - Premiere of George Frideric Handels opera Ariodante at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden. ... James II of England and VII of Scotland ( 14 October 1633–16 September 1701 ) became King of England, King of Scots, and King of Ireland from 6 February 1685. ... Arabella Churchill (February 23, 1648 - May 30, 1730) was the mistress of King James II of England and VII of Scotland, and the mother of at least four of his children. ... John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, in his Garter robes The Most Noble John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough (May 26, 1650 – June 16, 1722), in full The Most Noble Captain-General John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, Earl of Marlborough, Baron Churchill of Sandridge, Lord Churchill of Eyemouth, KG... Events January 27 - Change of emperor of the Ottoman Empire from Ahmed II to Mustafa II (1695-1703) July 17 - The Bank of Scotland is founded by an Act of Parliament of the old Scottish Parliament. ... Patrick Sarsfield, 1st Earl of Lucan Patrick Sarsfield (d. ... Events January 4 - Palace of Whitehall in London is destroyed by fire. ... Events January 1 - Russia accepts Julian calendar. ...

FitzJames was born at Moulins in France before his father's accession to the throne, and was brought up a Roman Catholic and educated by the Jesuits. He went into the service of Charles, Duke of Lorraine and was present at the siege of Buda. FitzJames was created Duke of Berwick by his father in 1687, as well as Baron of Bosworth and Earl of Tinmouth. He then returned to Hungary and participated at the Battle of Mohács. Moulins or Moulin (French for mill) is the name or part of the name of several communes in France. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... The Society of Jesus (Latin: Societas Iesu), commonly known as the Jesuits, is a Roman Catholic religious order. ... Charles IV (* April 5, 1604 in Nancy – September 18, 1675 in Allenbach), was the titular Duke of Lorraine from 1661 to 1670 See also: Dukes of Lorraine family tree Categories: French people stubs | Dukes of Lorraine | 1604 births | 1675 deaths ... Buda (German: Ofen) is the western part of the Hungarian capital Budapest on the right bank of the Danube. ... The Dukedom of Berwick-upon-Tweed was created in 1687 for James FitzJames, the illegitimate son of King James II of England. ... Events March 19 - The men under explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle murder him while searching for the mouth of the Mississippi River. ... The Battle of Mohács (Hungarian: mohácsi csata or mohácsi vész, Turkish: Mohaç Savaşı or Mohaç Meydan Savaşı) was fought on August 29, 1526 between the Hungarian army led by Louis II and the Ottoman army led by Suleiman the Magnificent. ...

He returned to England and was made Governor of Portsmouth. King James made Fitzjames a Knight of the Garter, but due to the invasion of the Prince of Orange, the installation never took place. In the following year, James was overthrown and Berwick went into exile with him, taking an active part in the Irish campaign, including the Battle of the Boyne. After his father's final exile, Berwick served in the French army. He fought at the battles of Steinkirk and Landen. At the latter, Berwick was taken prisoner, but was exchanged for the Duke of Ormonde. This article is about the English city of Portsmouth. ... A garter is one of the Orders most recognisable insignia. ... William III of England (14 November 1650–8 March 1702; also known as William II of Scotland and William III of Orange) was a Dutch aristocrat and a Protestant Prince of Orange from his birth, King of England and King of Ireland from 13 February 1689, and King of Scots... For the context of this war see Jacobitism and Glorious Revolution. ... William III (William of Orange) King of England, Scotland and Ireland, Stadtholder of the Netherlands The Battle of the Boyne was a turning point in the Williamite war in Ireland between the deposed King James II of England and VII of Scotland and his son-in-law and successor, William... The Battle of Steinkeerke was fought on August 3, 1692 and resulted the victory of French under marshall Luxembourg-Montmorency against British-Dutch-German army under King William of Orange. ... The Battle of Landen (or Neerwinden), in the current Belgian province of Flemish Brabant, was a battle in the War of the Grand Alliance, fought in the Netherlands on July 29, 1693 between the French army of Marshal Luxembourg and the Allied army of King William III of England. ... James Butler, 2nd Duke of Ormonde (April 29, 1665 - November 16, 1745), Irish statesman and soldier, son of Thomas, Earl of Ossory, and grandson of James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde, was born in Dublin and was educated in France and afterwards at Christ Church, Oxford. ...

As a soldier, Berwick was highly esteemed for his courage, abilities and integrity. As a result of distinguished service in the War of the Spanish Succession, he became a French subject and was appointed a Marshal of France after his successful expedition against Nice in 1706. On the April 25, 1707, Berwick won the great and decisive victory of Almanza, where an Englishman at the head of a French army defeated Ruvigny, a Frenchman at the head of an English army. After Almanza, Berwick was created Duc de Fitz-James in the peerage of France by Louis XIV, and Duque de Liria y Xéreca and lieutenant of Aragon by Philip V of Spain. The last great event of the War of the Spanish Succession was the storming of Barcelona by Berwick, after a long siege, on September 11, 1714. Charles II was the last Habsburg King of Spain. ... The Marshal of France (maréchal de France) was one of the Great Officers of the Crown of France. ... City motto: Nicæa civitas. ... Events March 27 - Concluding that Emperor Iyasus I of Ethiopia had abdicated by retiring to a monastery, a council of high officials appoint Tekle Haymanot I Emperor of Ethiopia May 23 - Battle of Ramillies September 7 - The Battle of Turin in the War of Spanish Succession - forces of Austria and... April 25 is the 115th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (116th in leap years). ... Events January 1 - John V is crowned King of Portugal March 26 - The Act of Union becomes law, making the separate Kingdoms of England and Scotland into one country, the Kingdom of Great Britain. ... The Battle of Almansa, part of the War of the Spanish Succession, took place in 1707. ... Henri de Massue, Marquis de Ruvigny, afterwards Earl of Galway (April 9, 1648 - September 3, 1720), was a French soldier and diplomat who was influential in the Nine Years War and the War of Spanish Succession. ... The status of Peer of France was held by the greatest and highest-ranking of the French nobility. ... Louis XIV King of France and Navarre By Hyacinthe Rigaud (1701) Louis XIV (Louis-Dieudonné) (September 5, 1638–September 1, 1715) reigned as King of France and King of Navarre from May 14, 1643 until his death. ... King Philip V of Spain (December 19, 1683 – July 9, 1746) or Philippe of Anjou was king of Spain from 1700 to 1746, the first of the Bourbon dynasty in Spain. ... Barcelona within Barcelonès Population (2003) 1,582,738 Area 100. ... September 11 is the 254th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (255th in leap years). ... // Events August 1 - George, elector of Hanover becomes King George I of Great Britain. ...

Not long thereafter, Berwick was appointed military governor of the province of Guienne, where he became friendly with Montesquieu. In 1718 he found himself under the necessity of once more entering Spain with an army; and this time he had to fight against Philip V. Many years of peace followed this campaign, and Berwick was not again called to serve in the field until 1733. In that year he was chosen to lead the army of the Rhine in the War of the Polish Succession, but was killed by a cannon ball at the siege of Philippsburg, June 12, 1734. Portrait of Montesquieu in 1728 Charles-Louis de Secondat, Baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu (January 18, 1689 – February 10, 1755), more commonly known as Montesquieu, was a French political thinker who lived during the Enlightenment and is famous for his articulation of the theory of separation... // Events July 21 - Treaty of Passarowitz signed November 22 - Off the coast of Virginia, English pirate Edward Teach (best known as Blackbeard) is killed in battle when a British boarding party cornered and then shot and stabbed him more than 25 times. ... Events February 12 - British colonist James Oglethorpe founds Savannah, Georgia. ... At 1,320 kilometres (820 miles) and an average discharge of more than 2,000 cubic meters per second, the Rhine (German Rhein, French Rhin, Dutch Rijn, Romansch: Rein, Italian: Reno) is one of the longest and most important rivers in Europe. ... The War of the Polish Succession (1733-1738) was a European war and a Polish civil war, with considerable interference from other countries, to determine the succession to Augustus II, King of Poland, as well as an attempt by the Bourbon powers to check the power of Austria in western... Philippsburg is a small town in Germany, in the district of Karlsruhe in Baden-Württemberg. ... June 12 is the 163rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (164th in leap years), with 202 days remaining. ... Events January 8 - Premiere of George Frideric Handels opera Ariodante at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden. ...

FitzJames had children by both his marriages: to Honora Burke and Anne Bulkely. His descendants were the French Ducs de Fitz-James and the Spanish Duques de Liria.Blanca Estelle Silva de Balboa, born Fitz-James Marquiss de Balboa The duc de Fitz-James, Luis Eduardo Silva de Balboa y Fitz-James / Blanca Estelle Fitz-James /as is known the King of England James II left for France and had a relationship with Anabella Churchill, from whom the first Fitz-James ( illegitimate son of James ) was born. ... The word balboa, when used alone, has several possible meanings in the English language: Vasco Núñez de Balboa, Spanish explorer, for whom are named: Balboa (currency), official currency of Panama Balboa, a port city in Panama Balboa, California, a subsection of Newport Beach, California, and also called the Balboa...

¡¡¡The last annotation is a fake, made by Luis Eduardo Silva de Balboa, a well know Chilean swindler!!!!

The Dukedom of Berwick-upon-Tweed, from Berwick-upon-Tweed in England by the border with Scotland, was created in 1687 for James FitzJames, the illegitimate son of King James II of England. ...

References

• A more detailed bio of him
• Petrie, Sir Charles (1953) The Marshal Duke of Berwick: The Picture of an Age. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode

This article incorporates text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, which is in the public domain. Charles Petrie (September 28, 1895 - December 13, 1977) was a popular historian. ... Supporters contend that the Eleventh Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica (1910-1911) represents the sum of human knowledge at the beginning of the 20th century; indeed, it was advertised as such. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...