- For other people with the same name, see James Gregory.
James Gregory (November 1638 – October 1675), was a Scottish mathematician and astronomer. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Several notable persons have been named James Gregory: James Gregory (astronomer and mathematician) James Gregory (mineralogist) James Gregory (actor) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
Events March 29 - Swedish colonists establish first settlement in Delaware, called New Sweden. ...
Events January 5 - The Battle of Turckeim June 18 - Battle of Fehrbellin August 10 - King Charles II of England places the foundation stone of the Royal Greenwich Observatory in London - construction begins November 11 - Guru Gobind Singh becomes the Tenth Guru of the Sikhs. ...
Motto (Latin) No one provokes me with impunity Cha togar mfhearg gun dioladh (Scottish Gaelic)1 Wha daur meddle wi me?(Scots)1 Anthem (Multiple unofficial anthems) Scotlands location in Europe Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow Official languages English, Gaelic Government Constitutional monarchy - Queen Queen Elizabeth II - Prime...
Leonhard Euler is considered by many to be one of the greatest mathematicians of all time A mathematician is the person whose primary area of study and research is the field of mathematics. ...
An astronomer or astrophysicist is a person whose area of interest is astronomy or astrophysics. ...
He was born at Drumoak, Aberdeenshire, and died at Edinburgh. He was successively professor at the University of St Andrews and the University of Edinburgh. Drumoak is a growing village situated between Peterculter and Banchory in North Deeside, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. ...
Aberdeenshire (Siorrachd Obar Dheathain in Gaelic) is one of 32 unitary council regions in Scotland. ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
The meaning of the word professor (Latin: one who claims publicly to be an expert) varies. ...
St Marys College Bute Medical School St Leonards College[5][6] Affiliations 1994 Group Website http://www. ...
The University of Edinburgh, founded in 1582,[4] is a renowned centre for teaching and research in Edinburgh, Scotland. ...
In 1663 he published his Optica Promota, in which the compact reflecting telescope known by his name, the Gregorian telescope, is described. // Events Prix de Rome scholarship established for students of the arts. ...
A reflecting telescope (reflector) is an optical telescope which uses a combination of curved and plane (flat) mirrors to reflect light and form an image (catoptric), rather than lenses to refract or bend light to form an image (dioptric). ...
The Gregorian telescope is a type of reflecting telescope designed by Scottish mathematician and astronomer, James Gregory in the 17th century. ...
The telescope design attracted the attention of several people in the scientific establishment: Robert Hooke, the Oxford physicist who eventually built the telescope, Sir Robert Moray, polymath and founding member of the Royal Society and Isaac Newton, who was at work on a similar project of his own. Robert Hooke, FRS (July 18, 1635 – March 3, 1703) was an English polymath who played an important role in the scientific revolution, through both experimental and theoretical work. ...
Robert Moray (? - July 4,1673) was the son of Sir Mungo Murray. ...
Leonardo da Vinci is seen as an epitome of the Renaissance man or polymath A polymath (Greek polymathēs, πολυμαθής, meaning knowing, understanding, or having learnt in quantity, compounded from πολυ- much, many, and the root μαθ-, meaning learning, understanding[1]) is a person well educated in a wide variety of subjects or...
The premises of The Royal Society in London (first four properties only). ...
Sir Isaac Newton, (4 January 1643 – 31 March 1727) [ OS: 25 December 1642 – 20 March 1727][1] was an English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher, and alchemist, regarded by many as the greatest figure in the history of science. ...
The Gregorian telescope was the first practical reflecting telescope and remained the standard observing instrument for a century and a half. However, the Gregorian telescope design is rarely used today, as other types of reflecting telescopes are known to be more efficient for standard applications.
In the Optica Promata he also described the method for using the transit of Venus to measure the distance of the Earth from the Sun, which was later advocated by Edmund Halley and adopted as the basis of the first effective measurement of the Astronomical Unit. Edmond Halley. ...
The astronomical unit (AU or au or a. ...
Later, Gregory, who was an enthusiastic supporter of Newton, carried on much friendly correspondence with him and incorporated his ideas into his own teaching, ideas which at that time were controversial and considered quite revolutionary.
In 1667 he issued his Vera Circuli et Hyperbolae Quadratura, in which he showed how the areas of the circle and hyperbola could be obtained in the form of infinite convergent series. This work contains a remarkable geometrical proposition to the effect that the ratio of the area of any arbitrary sector of a circle to that of the inscribed or circumscribed regular polygons is not expressible by a finite number of terms. Hence he inferred that the quadrature of the circle was impossible; this was accepted by Montucla, but it is not conclusive, for it is conceivable that some particular sector might be squared, and this particular sector might be the whole circle. Nevertheless Gregory was effectively among the first to speculate about the existence of what are now termed transcendental numbers. In addition the first proof of the fundamental theorem of calculus and the discovery of the Taylor series can both be attributed to him. // Events January 20 - Poland cedes Kyiv, Smolensk, and eastern Ukraine to Russia in the Treaty of Andrusovo that put a final end to the Deluge, and Poland lost its status as a Central European power. ...
Circle illustration This article is about the shape and mathematical concept of circle. ...
A graph of a hyperbola. ...
In mathematics, a series is a sum of a sequence of terms. ...
A ratio is a quantity that denotes the proportional amount or magnitude of one quantity relative to another. ...
A regular pentagon A regular polygon is a simple polygon (a polygon which does not intersect itself anywhere) which is equiangular (all angles are equal) and equilateral (all sides have the same length). ...
The quadrature of the circle, better known as squaring the circle, is a classical problem of mathematics, or more specifically, of geometry. ...
Jean-Étienne Montucla (September 5, 1725 – December 18, 1799), French mathematician, was born at Lyons. ...
In mathematics, a transcendental number is any irrational number that is not an algebraic number, i. ...
The fundamental theorem of calculus is the statement that the two central operations of calculus, differentiation and integration, are inverse operations: if a continuous function is first integrated and then differentiated, the original function is retrieved. ...
As the degree of the Taylor series rises, it approaches the correct function. ...
The book also contains series expansions of sin(x), cos(x), arcsin(x) and arccos(x). (The earliest enunciations of these expansions were made by Madhava in India in the 14th century). It was reprinted in 1668 with an appendix, Geometriae Pars, in which Gregory explained how the volumes of solids of revolution could be determined. In mathematics, the trigonometric functions are functions of an angle, important when studying triangles and modeling periodic phenomena. ...
In mathematics, the trigonometric functions are functions of an angle, important when studying triangles and modeling periodic phenomena. ...
Madhavan (മാധവനàµ) of Sangamagramam (1350–1425) was a prominent mathematician-astronomer from Kerala, India. ...
This 14th-century statue from south India depicts the gods Shiva (on the left) and Uma (on the right). ...
1668 (MDCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ...
In mathematics, engineering, and manufacturing, a solid of revolution is a solid figure obtained by rotating a plane figure around some straight line (the axis) that lies on the same plane. ...
In 1671, or perhaps earlier, he rediscovered the theorem that 14th century Indian mathematician Madhava of Sangamagrama had originally discovered, the arctangent series Events May 9 - Thomas Blood, disguised as a clergyman, attempts to steal the Crown Jewels from the Tower of London. ...
This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...
Madhavan (മാധവനàµ) of Sangamagramam (1350–1425) was a prominent mathematician-astronomer from Kerala, India. ...
In mathematics, the trigonometric functions are functions of an angle, important when studying triangles and modeling periodic phenomena. ...
 for θ between −π/4 and π/4. This formula was used by Madhava to calculate digits of π and later used in Europe for the same purpose, although more efficient formulas were later discovered. When a circles diameter is 1, its circumference is Ï€. The mathematical constant Ï€ is an irrational real number, approximately equal to 3. ...
This article is 150 kilobytes or more in size. ...
James Gregory discovered the diffraction grating by passing sunlight through a bird feather and observing the diffraction pattern produced. In particular he observed the splitting of sunlight into its component colours - this occurred a year after Newton had done the same with a prism and the phenomenon was still highly controversial. The intensity pattern formed on a screen by diffraction from a square aperture Diffraction refers to various phenomena associated with wave propagation, such as the bending, spreading and interference of waves passing by an object or aperture that disrupts the wave. ...
Prism splitting light High Resolution Solar Spectrum Sunlight in the broad sense is the total spectrum of the electromagnetic radiation given off by the Sun. ...
See: Prism (geometry) Prism (optics) Prism (band) PRISM is an abbreviation for Probabilistic Symbolic Model Checker PRISM was an aborted RISC processor effort at DEC, see DEC PRISM This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
A crater on the moon is named for him, see Gregory (lunar crater). The mathematician David Gregory was his nephew. Gregory is a lunar crater on the far side of the Moon. ...
David Gregory (June 3, 1659—October 10, 1708) was a Savilian Professor of astronomy at Oxford and a commentator on Isaac Newtons Principia. ...
See also
Colin Maclaurin Colin Maclaurin (February, 1698 - June 14, 1746) was a Scottish mathematician. ...
A telescope (from the Greek tele = far and skopein = to look or see; teleskopos = far-seeing) is an instrument designed for the observation of remote objects. ...
The Kerala School was a school of mathematics and astronomy founded by Madhava of Sangamagrama in Kerala, South India which included as its prominent members Parameshvara, Nilakantha Somayaji, Jyeshtadeva, Achyuta Pisharati, Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri and Achyuta Panikkar. ...
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