The Reverend James McCosh (April 1, 1811 - November 16, 1894) was a Scottish philosophical writer. April 1 is the 91st day of the year (92nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 274 days remaining. ... 1811 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... November 16 is the 320th day of the year (321st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 45 days remaining. ... 1894 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Transport in Scotland Timeline of Scottish history Caledonia List of not fully sovereign nations Subdivisions of Scotland National parks (Scotland) Traditional music of Scotland Flower of Scotland Wars of Scottish Independence National Trust for Scotland Historic houses in Scotland Castles in Scotland Museums in Scotland Abbeys and priories in Scotland... Philosophy, (Greek: Φιλοσοφία, philo-sophia, love of wisdom) // Meaning and use of Philosophy The word once included all forms of knowledge, and all methods for attaining it. ...

He was born of a Covenanting family in Ayrshire, and studied at the University of Glasgow and University of Edinburgh, obtaining his M.A. at the latter, at the suggestion of Sir William Hamilton, for an essay on Stoicism. He became a minister of the Established Church of Scotland, first at Arbroath and then at Brechin, and took part in the Free Church movement of 1843. Ayrshire (Scottish Gaelic, Siorrachd Inbhir Àir) is a traditional county in south-west Scotland, located on the shores of the Firth of Clyde. ... The University of Glasgow, founded in 1451, is the largest of the three universities in Glasgow, Scotland. ... The University of Edinburgh, founded in 1583, is a renowned centre for teaching and research in Edinburgh, Scotland. ... Sir William Hamilton, Bart (March 8, 1788 - May 6, 1856) was a Scottish metaphysician. ... Stoicism is a school of philosophy founded (308 BCE) in Athens by Zeno of Citium (Cyprus). ... The Church of Scotland (C of S, also known informally as The Kirk; until the 17th century officially the Kirk of Scotland) is the Christian national church of Scotland. ... The ruined Arbroath Abbey, built from local red sandstone. ... Brechin is a burgh in Angus, Scotland. ... A free church is a Christian church or denomination that is intrinsically separated from any government (as opposed to a theocracy or the state church). ...

Internationally respected in his day as one of the greatest minds of his generation, in 1852 he was appointed professor of logic and metaphysics in Queen's College, Belfast (now The Queen's University of Belfast); and in 1868 was chosen president and professor of philosophy of the college of New Jersey (Princeton University). He resigned the presidency in 1888, but continued as lecturer on philosophy till his death. 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Logic, from Classical Greek λόγος (logos), originally meaning the word, or what is spoken, (but coming to mean thought or reason) is most often said to be the study of arguments, although the exact definition of logic is a matter of controversy among philosophers. ... Metaphysics (Greek words meta = after/beyond and physics = nature) is a branch of philosophy concerned with the study of first principles and being (ontology). ... For other educational establishments called Queens, see Queens College and Queens University (disambiguation) Queens University, Belfast (QUB) - or officially The Queens University of Belfast - is a university in Belfast, Northern Ireland. ... Queens University, Belfast - or officially The Queens University of Belfast (QUB; in Irish, Ollscoil na Banríona, Béal Feirste) - is a university in Belfast, Northern Ireland. ... 1868 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Princeton University, located in Princeton, New Jersey, is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States. ...

He was most successful in college administration, a good lecturer and an effective preacher. His general philosophical attitude and method were Hamiltonian; he insisted on separating religious and philosophical data from the merely physical, and though not an original thinker, he clearly restated and used the conclusions of others. In his controversial writings, he often failed to understand the real significance of the views which he attacked, and much of his criticism is superficial.

His chief works are:

• Method of Divine Government, Physical and Moral (Edinburgh, 1850, 5th ed., 1856, and frequently republished in New York)
• The Typical Forms and Special Ends in Creation (Edinburgh, 1855; new editions, New York, 1871-1880)
• Intuitions of the Mind inductively investigated (London and New York, 1860; 3rd rev. ed., 1872)
• An Examination of Mr J. S. Mill's Philosophy (London and New York, 1866; enlarged 1871, several eds.)
• Philosophical Papers containing (1)"Examination of Sir W. Hamilton's Logic," (2)"Reply to Mr Mill's third edition," and (3) "Present State of Moral Philosophy in Britain."
• Religious Aspects of Evolution (New York, 1888, 2nd ed., 1890). For a complete list of his writings see JH Dulles, McCosh Bibliography (Princeton, 1895).

This article incorporates text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, which is in the public domain. In 1851 Mill married Harriet Taylor after 21 years of an at times intense friendship and love affair. ... Supporters contend that the Eleventh Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica (1910-1911) represents the sum of human knowledge at the beginning of the 20th century; indeed, it was advertised as such. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...