NationMaster - Encyclopedia: James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth

James Crofts, later James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth and of Buccleuch (April 9, 1649 – July 15, 1685), was an English nobleman who was executed in 1685 after making an unsuccessful attempt to claim the British throne, the Monmouth Rebellion. He was born in Rotterdam in the Netherlands, the illegitimate son of Charles II and his mistress, Lucy Walter, who had followed him into continental exile after the execution of Charles II's father, King Charles I. Image File history File links James_Scott. ... The title of Duke of Buccleuch (pronounced Bucloo) was created in the Peerage of Scotland on 20 April 1663 for the Duke of Monmouth, eldest illegitimate son of Charles II of England, who had married Anne Scott, 4th Countess of Buccleuch. ... The title of Duke of Buccleuch (IPA ) was created in the Peerage of Scotland on 20 April 1663 for the Duke of Monmouth, eldest illegitimate son of Charles II of England, who had married Anne Scott, 4th Countess of Buccleuch. ... This is an incomplete list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant for Staffordshire. ... This is a list of people who have served as Custos Rotulorum of Staffordshire. ... The title of Duke of Buccleuch (IPA ) was created in the Peerage of Scotland on 20 April 1663 for the Duke of Monmouth, eldest illegitimate son of Charles II of England, who had married Anne Scott, 4th Countess of Buccleuch. ... is the 99th day of the year (100th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... // Events January 30 - King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland is beheaded. ... Nickname: Motto: Sterker door strijd (Stronger through Struggle) Location of Rotterdam Coordinates: Country Netherlands Province South Holland Government - Mayor Ivo Opstelten - Aldermen Jeannette Baljeu Hamit Karakus Orhan Kaya Lucas Bolsius Jantine Kriens Dominic Schrijer Roelf de Boer Leonard Geluk Area [1] - City 319 kmÂ² (123. ... is the 196th day of the year (197th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events February 6 - James Stuart, Duke of York becomes King James II of England and Ireland and King James VII of Scotland. ... Tower Hill is an elevated spot outside the Tower of London and just outside the limits of the City of London in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... Anne Scott, 1st Duchess of Buccleuch (February 11, 1651â€“February 6, 1732) was a wealthy Scottish peeress. ... Charles II (29 May 1630 â€“ 6 February 1685) was the King of England, Scotland, and Ireland. ... Lucy Walter (c. ... is the 99th day of the year (100th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... // Events January 30 - King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland is beheaded. ... is the 196th day of the year (197th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events February 6 - James Stuart, Duke of York becomes King James II of England and Ireland and King James VII of Scotland. ... The Monmouth Rebellion of 1685, also known as the Pitchfork Rebellion, was an attempt to overthrow the King of England, James II, who became king when his elder brother, Charles II, died on 6 February 1685. ... Nickname: Motto: Sterker door strijd (Stronger through Struggle) Location of Rotterdam Coordinates: Country Netherlands Province South Holland Government - Mayor Ivo Opstelten - Aldermen Jeannette Baljeu Hamit Karakus Orhan Kaya Lucas Bolsius Jantine Kriens Dominic Schrijer Roelf de Boer Leonard Geluk Area [1] - City 319 kmÂ² (123. ... Illegitimacy was a term in common usage for the condition of being born of parents who are not validly married to one another; the legal term is bastardy. ... Charles II (29 May 1630 â€“ 6 February 1685) was the King of England, Scotland, and Ireland. ... Madame de Pompadour the mistress of King Louis XV of France. ... Lucy Walter (c. ... Charles I (19 November 1600 â€“ 30 January 1649) was King of England, King of Scotland and King of Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. ...

Biography

Lucy Walter had almost as bad a reputation as the prince himself, and it is not at all certain that Charles was the natural father of James. There were rumours that Charles and Lucy did marry, secretly, which would have made James the true and legitimate heir to the throne. Whatever the truth, Charles recognised James as his son, but did not make him his heir. After succeeding to the throne, Charles married the Portuguese princess, Catherine of Braganza; by this time Lucy Walter was dead. Catherine of Braganza (November 25, 1638 â€“ November 30, 1705) (Catherine Henrietta, Portuguese: Catarina Henriqueta de BraganÃ§a), was the queen consort of King Charles II of England. ...

In 1663, at the age of 14, shortly after having been brought to England, James was created Duke of Monmouth with the subsidiary titles of Earl of Doncaster and Baron Scott of Tynedale, all three in the Peerage of England, and married off to the wealthy Anne Scott, 4th Countess of Buccleuch. The day after his marriage, they were made Duke and Duchess of Buccleuch. Although he showed no aptitude for government, James was popular, particularly since he was a Protestant, whereas the official heir to the throne, the brother of Charles II, James, Duke of York, was a Catholic. // Events Prix de Rome scholarship established for students of the arts. ... Monmouth (Welsh: Trefynwy) is a town in south Wales, county town of the historic county of Monmouthshire. ... The title of Duke of Buccleuch (pronounced Bucloo) was created in the Peerage of Scotland on 20 April 1663 for the Duke of Monmouth, eldest illegitimate son of Charles II of England, who had married Anne Scott, 4th Countess of Buccleuch. ... The title of Duke of Buccleuch (IPA ) was created in the Peerage of Scotland on 20 April 1663 for the Duke of Monmouth, eldest illegitimate son of Charles II of England, who had married Anne Scott, 4th Countess of Buccleuch. ... The Peerage of England comprises all peerages created in the Kingdom of England before the Act of Union in 1707. ... Anne Scott, 1st Duchess of Buccleuch (February 11, 1651â€“February 6, 1732) was a wealthy Scottish peeress. ... The title of Duke of Buccleuch (IPA ) was created in the Peerage of Scotland on 20 April 1663 for the Duke of Monmouth, eldest illegitimate son of Charles II of England, who had married Anne Scott, 4th Countess of Buccleuch. ... Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... James II of England (also known as James VII of Scotland; 14 October 1633 â€“ 16 September 1701) became King of England, King of Scots, and King of Ireland on 6 February 1685, and Duke of Normandy on 31 December 1660. ...

In 1665, at the age of 16, Monmouth served in the English fleet under his uncle the Duke of York in the Second Anglo-Dutch War. Later in the war, he returned to England to assume his first military command as commander of a troop of cavalry. In 1669 he was made colonel of the King's Life Guards, one of the most senior appointments in the army. When the Captain General of the army, George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle, died in 1670, Monmouth became the senior officer in the army at the age of 21. At the outbreak of the Third Anglo-Dutch War in 1672, a brigade of 6,000 British troops was sent to serve as part of the French army (in return for money paid to King Charles), with Monmouth as its commander. In the campaign of 1673 and in particular at the Siege of Maastricht, Monmouth gained a considerable reputation as one of Britain's finest soldiers. Year 1665 (MDCLXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... The Royal Prince and other vessels at the Four Days Fight, 11â€“14 June 1666 by Abraham Storck depicts a battle of the Second Anglo-Dutch War. ... // Events Samuel Pepys stopped writing his diary. ... George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle by Sir Peter Lely, painted 1665–1666. ... 1670 was a common year beginning on a Saturday in countries using the Julian calendar and a Wednesday in countries using the Gregorian calendar. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Events England, France, Munster and Cologne invade the United Provinces, therefore this name is know as Â´het rampjaarÂ´ (the disaster year) in the Netherlands. ... 1673 (MDCLXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Combatants France United Provinces Spain Commanders Louis XIV Jacques de Fariaux Strength 24,000 infantry 16,000 cavalry 5,000 infantry 1,200 cavalry Casualties Unknown Comte DArtagnan 6,000 dead, wounded, or captured The Siege of Maastricht was one of the key elements in King Louis XIVs...

In 1678 Monmouth was commander of the Anglo-Dutch brigade, now fighting for the United Provinces against the French. He distinguished himself at the battle of St Denis, further increasing his reputation. The following year, after his return to Britain, he commanded the small army raised to put down the rebellion of the Scottish Covenanters. Despite being heavily outnumbered, he decisively defeated the (admittedly poorly equipped) Covenanter rebels at the Battle of Bothwell Bridge on June 22, 1679. By this time it was becoming apparent that Charles II would have no legitimate heir, and Monmouth was regarded by many as preferable to the Duke of York. Events August 10 - Treaty of Nijmegen ends the Dutch War. ... Map of Dutch Republic by Joannes Janssonius United Netherlands redirects here. ... The Battle of Saint-Denis was fought on August 14 & 15 1678 between the French army under Marshal Luxembourg and the Dutch army under William III near Saint-Denis, a little village outside Mons, Belgium. ... Motto (Latin) No one provokes me with impunity Cha togar mfhearg gun dioladh (Scottish Gaelic) Wha daur meddle wi me?(Scots)1 Anthem (Multiple unofficial anthems) Scotland() â€“ on the European continent() â€“ in the United Kingdom() Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow Official languages English, Gaelic Government Constitutional monarchy - Monarch Queen... James VI of Scotland (James I of England) was opposed by the Covenanters in his attempt to bring the Anglican Church into Scotland The Covenanters formed an important movement in the religion and politics of Scotland in the 17th century. ... Combatants Covenanter rebels Royal army Commanders Robert Hamilton James Scott, Duke of Monmouth Strength 4000 5000 Casualties 400 killed light The Battle of Bothwell Brig or the Battle of Bothwell Bridge was fought on on 22 June 1679 in Lanarkshire between an army of Covenanters and a government army commanded... is the 173rd day of the year (174th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events January 24 - King Charles II of England disbands Parliament August 7 - The brigantine Le Griffon, which was commissioned by RenÃ© Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, is towed to the southern end of the Niagara River, to become the first ship to sail the upper Great Lakes. ...

Following the discovery of the so-called Rye House Plot in 1683, Monmouth was obliged to go into exile in the Dutch United Provinces. On his father's death Monmouth led the "Monmouth Rebellion", an attempt to take the throne from his uncle. He declared himself King on June 20, 1685 at Taunton. On July 6, 1685 the two armies met at the Battle of Sedgemoor, the second last to be fought on English soil. Monmouth's makeshift force could not compete with the regular army, and was soundly defeated. Monmouth himself was captured and arrested in Dorset. Following this, Parliament passed an Act of Attainder, 1 Ja. II c. 2. ^[1] Despite begging for mercy, he was executed by Jack Ketch on July 15, 1685, on Tower Hill. It is said that it took eight blows of the axe to sever his head. Rye House 1823 The Rye House Plot of 1683 was a plan to assassinate King Charles II of England and his brother (and heir to the throne) James, Duke of York. ... Events June 6 - The Ashmolean Museum opens as the worlds first university museum. ... Map of Dutch Republic by Joannes Janssonius United Netherlands redirects here. ... The Monmouth Rebellion of 1685, also known as the Pitchfork Rebellion, was an attempt to overthrow the King of England, James II, who became king when his elder brother, Charles II, died on 6 February 1685. ... is the 171st day of the year (172nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events February 6 - James Stuart, Duke of York becomes King James II of England and Ireland and King James VII of Scotland. ... Taunton is the county town of Somerset, England. ... is the 187th day of the year (188th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events February 6 - James Stuart, Duke of York becomes King James II of England and Ireland and King James VII of Scotland. ... The Battle of Sedgemoor was fought on 6 July 1685. ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem No official anthem - the United Kingdom anthem God Save the Queen is commonly used England() â€“ on the European continent() â€“ in the United Kingdom() Capital (and largest city) London (de facto) Official languages English (de facto) Unified - by Athelstan 927 AD Area - Total 130... The English parliament in front of the King, c. ... A bill of attainder (or act of attainder) was an act of legislature declaring a person or group of persons guilty of some crime, and punishing them, without benefit of a trial. ... John (Jack) Ketch (died 1686) was an executioner employed by King Charles II. He became famous through the way he performed his duties during the tumults of the 1680s, when he was often mentioned in broadsheet accounts that circulated throughout the Kingdom of England. ... is the 196th day of the year (197th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events February 6 - James Stuart, Duke of York becomes King James II of England and Ireland and King James VII of Scotland. ... Tower Hill is an elevated spot outside the Tower of London and just outside the limits of the City of London in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. ...

His dukedoms of Monmouth and Buccleuch were forfeited, but the subsidiary titles of the dukedom of Monmouth were restored to the Duke of Buccleuch. The title of Duke of Buccleuch (IPA ) was created in the Peerage of Scotland on 20 April 1663 for the Duke of Monmouth, eldest illegitimate son of Charles II of England, who had married Anne Scott, 4th Countess of Buccleuch. ...

According to legend^[2], a portrait was painted of Monmouth after his execution. The tradition states that it was realised after the execution that there was no official portrait of the Duke -- for a son of a King, and someone who had claimed the throne, albeit in vain, this was unheard of. So his body was exhumed, the head stitched back on the body, and it was sat for its portrait to be painted. However, there is at least one formal portrait of Monmouth^[3] tentatively dated to before his death currently in the National Portrait Gallery in London, and another painting once identified with Monmouth^[4] that shows a sleeping or dead man that could have given rise to the story. Roman-Egyptian funeral portrait of a young boy A portrait is a painting (portrait painting), photograph (portrait photography), or other artistic representation of a person, in which the face and its expression is predominant. ... The National Portrait Gallery is an art gallery in central London which was opened in 1856. ...

The theory that the Duke of Monmouth was in fact The Man in the Iron Mask seems to be based on the reasoning that James II would not execute his own nephew; someone else was executed instead; and James II arranged for Monmouth to be taken to France and put in the custody of Louis XIV of France.^{[citation needed]} This article does not cite any references or sources. ... â€œSun Kingâ€ redirects here. ...

Children

His affair with pedia/Mistress-%28lover%29" onmouseover="pv(event, 132)" onmouseout="unpv(132)" style="">mistress Eleanor Needham, daughter of Sir Robert Needham of Lambeth resulted in the birth of three children: August 24 is the 236th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (237th in leap years), with 129 days remaining. ... Events England, France, Munster and Cologne invade the United Provinces, therefore this name is know as Â´het rampjaarÂ´ (the disaster year) in the Netherlands. ... is the 40th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1673 (MDCLXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Events February 19 - England and the Netherlands sign the Treaty of Westminster. ... James Scott, Earl of Dalkeith (23 May 1674 â€“ 14 March 1705) was the son of James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth and Anne Scott, 1st Duchess of Buccleuch. ... is the 143rd day of the year (144th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events February 19 - England and the Netherlands sign the Treaty of Westminster. ... March 14 is the 73rd day of the year (74th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... // Events Construction begins on Blenheim Palace, in Oxfordshire, England. ... January 2 is the 2nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events January 11 - Eruption of Mt. ... Events February 6 - The colony Quilombo dos Palmares is destroyed. ... Laurence Hyde, 1st Earl of Rochester (March, 1641 - May 2, 1711), was an English statesman and writer. ... Francis Scott, 2nd Duke of Buccleuch KT FRS (11 January 1694/95 - 22 April 1751) was a Scottish nobleman. ... February 17 is the 48th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1675 (MDCLXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 225th day of the year (226th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events February 6 - James Stuart, Duke of York becomes King James II of England and Ireland and King James VII of Scotland. ... Events January 29 - Feodor III becomes Tsar of Russia First measurement of the speed of light, by Ole RÃ¸mer Bacons Rebellion Russo-Turkish Wars commence. ... December 25 is the 359th day of the year (360th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 6 days remaining in the year. ... Events Pope Clement XII elected September 17 - Change of emperor of the Ottoman Empire from Ahmed III (1703-1730) to Mahmud I (1730-1754) Anna Ivanova (Anna I of Russia) became czarina Births April 16 - Henry Clinton, British general (d. ... Events January 11 - Eruption of Mt. ... William Duncombe (January 19, 1690 - February 26, 1769) was a British author and playwright. ... The Four Courts The headquarters of the Irish judicial system since 1804. ... March 14 is the 73rd day of the year (74th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events George Friderich Handel becomes a British subject. ... This article or section needs copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone and/or spelling. ... Philip Howard (born July 10, 1976 ) is a British-born British composer and pianist, at present best known for his performances of music by Morton Feldman and Iannis Xenakis. ... Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Berkshire (8 October 1587-16 July 1669) was the second son of Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk and Catherine Knyvett. ... Events August 10 - Treaty of Nijmegen ends the Dutch War. ... is the 342nd day of the year (343rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events January 24 - King Charles II of England disbands Parliament August 7 - The brigantine Le Griffon, which was commissioned by RenÃ© Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, is towed to the southern end of the Niagara River, to become the first ship to sail the upper Great Lakes. ... February 18 is the 49th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events April 24 - A congress assembles at Aix-la-Chapelle with the intent to conclude the struggle known as the War of Austrian Succession - at October 18 - The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle is signed to end the war Adam Smith begins to deliver public lectures in Edinburgh Building of... September 5 is the 248th day of the year (249th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events June 6 - The Ashmolean Museum opens as the worlds first university museum. ... Madame de Pompadour the mistress of King Louis XV of France. ... Lambeth is a place in the London Borough of Lambeth. ...

Toward the end of his life he conducted an affair with Henrietta, Baroness Wentworth. Events February 23 - First performance of Handels Orlando, in London June 9 - James Oglethorpe is granted a royal charter for the colony of Georgia. ... Events March 11 â€“ Chelsea hospital for soldiers is founded in England May 6 - Louis XIV of France moves his court to Versailles. ... is the 58th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events July 30 - Baltimore, Maryland is founded. ... Events Pope Clement XII elected September 17 - Change of emperor of the Ottoman Empire from Ahmed III (1703-1730) to Mahmud I (1730-1754) Anna Ivanova (Anna I of Russia) became czarina Births April 16 - Henry Clinton, British general (d. ... Events September 11 - Battle of Zenta, Prince Eugene of Savoy crushed Ottoman army of Mustafa II September 20 - The Treaty of Ryswick December 2 â€“ St Pauls Cathedral opened in London Peter the Great travels in Europe officially incognito as artilleryman Pjotr Mikhailov Use of palanquins increases in Europe Christopher... Charles Paulet, 2nd Duke of Bolton (1661-January 21, 1722), was a member of parliament for Hampshire and a supporter of William III of Orange. ...

Duke of Monmouth in fiction

Monmouth rebellion sets the stage for the premise of a classic adventure novel Captain Blood by Rafael Sabatini. 2007 e-book edition cover Captain Blood is an adventure novel by Rafael Sabatini, originally published in 1922. ... Rafael Sabatini (April 29, 1875 - February 13, 1950) was an Italian/British writer of novels of romance and adventure. ...

Duke of Monmouth is one of the secondary characters in Neil Stephenson's work Quicksilver. Neal Town Stephenson (born October 31, 1959) is an American writer, known primarily for his science fiction works in the postcyberpunk genre with a penchant for explorations of society, mathematics, currency, and the history of science. ... Quicksilver by Neal Stephenson is the first volume of his series The Baroque Cycle. ...

Contents

Biography

Children

Duke of Monmouth in fiction

See also

References

External links

Contents

Biography GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

Children

Duke of Monmouth in fiction

See also

References

External links

Biography