James I of Aragon

James I of Aragon (Catalan: Jaume I, Spanish: Jaime I, Occitan: Jacme I) (Montpellier, February 2, 1208 – July 27, 1276) surnamed the Conqueror, was the king of Aragon, count of Barcelona and Lord of Montpellier from 1213 to 1276. Catalan in Europe Catalan IPA: (català ) is a Romance language, the official language of Andorra and co-official in the Spanish autonomous communities of Balearic Islands, Valencia (under the name Valencian) and Catalonia. ... Occitan, known also as Lenga dòc or Langue doc (Occitan: occitan, lenga dòc) is a Romance language spoken in Occitania (i. ... Montpellier (Occitan Montpelhièr) is a city in the south of France. ... February 2 is the 33rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events Philip of Swabia King of Germany and rival Holy Roman Emperor to Otto IV, assassinated June 21 in Bamberg by German Count Otto of Wittelsbach because Philip had refused to give him his daughter in marriage. ... July 27 is the 208th day (209th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 157 days remaining. ... For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ... Here is a list of the rulers of Aragon, now a region of north-eastern Spain. ... Location Coordinates : Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) - summer: CEST (GMT +2) General information Native name Barcelona (Catalan) Spanish name Barcelona Postal code 08001-08080 Area code 34 (Spain) + 93 (Barcelona) Website http://www. ... Montpellier (Occitan Montpelhièr) is a city in the south of France. ... Events September 12 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester defeats Peter II of Aragon, the king of Aragon at the Battle of Muret. ... For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ...

He was the only child of Peter II of Aragon and Marie of Montpellier. His maternal grandparents were William VIII of Montpellier and Eudokia Komnene. Peter II of Aragon (1174 – September 12, 1213), surnamed the Catholic, was the king of Aragon (as Pedro II) and count of Barcelona (as Pere I) from 1196 to 1213. ... {{}} ...

As a child James was a pawn of power politics in Provence, where his father was engaged in struggles in the wars between the Cathars of Albi and Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester. Peter endeavoured to placate the northern crusaders by arranging a marriage between his son James and Simon's daughter, entrusting the boy to be educated in Montfort's care in 1211, but Peter was soon forced to take up arms against them, and he was slain at the Battle of Muret September 12, 1213. Montfort would willingly have used James as a means of extending his own power. The Aragonese and Catalans, however, appealed to Pope Innocent III, who insisted that Montfort surrender him. James was handed over, at Carcassonne in May or June 1214, to the papal legate Peter of Benevento. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The Cathars, also known as the Albigensians, were adherent to the beliefs of Catharism. ... Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester, also Simon IV de Montfort (1160 – June 25, 1218) was a French nobleman who took part in the Fourth Crusade (1202 - 1204) and was a prominent leader of the Albigensian Crusade. ... At the Battle of Muret on September 12, 1213 the Crusading army of Simon IV de Montfort defeated the Aragonese and Catalonian forces of Peter II of Aragon. ... Portal:Currentevents September 12 is the 255th day of the year (256th in leap years). ... Events September 12 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester defeats Peter II of Aragon, the king of Aragon at the Battle of Muret. ... Capital Zaragoza Official language(s) Spanish; Aragonese and Catalan also used Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % of Spain Ranked 4th  47,719 km²  9. ... Anthem: Els Segadors Capital Barcelona Official language(s) Catalan, Spanish; In Aran Valley, also Aranese Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % of Spain Ranked 6th  32,114 km²  6. ... Innocent III, born Lotario de Conti di Segni (Gavignano, near Anagni, ca. ... Carcassonne (Carcassona in Occitan) is a fortified French town, in the Aude département of which it is the préfecture, in the former province of Languedoc. ... Pope John Paul II has reigned since 22 Oct 1978. ... The word legate comes from the Latin legare (to send). It has several meanings, all related to representatives: A legate is a member of a diplomatic embassy. ...

James was sent to Monzon (Aragon) and entrusted to the care of Guillen de Monredon, the head of the Knights Templar in Spain and Provence; the regency fell to his great uncle Sancho, Count of Roussillon, and his son, the king's cousin, Nuño. The kingdom was given over to confusion till in 1216 the Templars and some of the more loyal nobles brought the young king to Zaragoza. Image File history File links JaumeI.jpg This image is in the public domain because its copyright has expired in the United States and those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 100 years or less. ... The Seal of the Knights — the two riders have been interpreted as a sign of poverty or the duality of monk/soldier. ... Sancho (1161 – 1223) was the count of Cerdanya from 1168, Provence from 1181 to 1185, and Roussillon from 1185. ... Seal of Nuño with the arms of Aragón and those of Lara displayed. ... Location Coordinates : Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) - summer: CEST (GMT +2) General information Native name Zaragoza (Spanish) Spanish name Zaragoza Founded 24 Postal code 50001 - 50018 Website http://www. ...

After a false start at uniting Aragon with the Kingdom of Navarre through a scheme of mutual adoption, James turned to the south and the Mediterranean Sea, conquered the Balearic Islands (Majorca 1229; Menorca 1232; Ibiza 1235) and Valencia (the city capitulated September 28, 1238). Though the details are largely legendary, the Kingdom of Navarre evolved from the county of Pamplona, its traditional capital, when the Vasconic leader Enneco Aresta (Iñigo Arista or Aiza in Spanish) was chosen King in Pamplona (traditionally in 824) and led a local revolt against the Franks. ... Composite satellite image of the Mediterranean Sea. ... Capital Palma Official language(s) Catalan and Spanish Area  â€“ Total  â€“ % of Spain Ranked 17th  4,992 km²  1. ... Location Coordinates : 39°29′ N 0°22′ W Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) - summer: CEST (GMT +2) General information Native name València (Valencian) Spanish name Valencia Founded 137 BC Postal code 46000-46080 Website http://www. ... September 28 is the 271st day of the year (272nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events In the Iberian peninsula, James I of Aragon captures the city of Valencia September 28 from the Moors; the Moors retreat to Granada. ...

With the French, James endeavoured to form a state straddling the Pyrenees, to counterbalance the power of France north of the Loire. As with the earlier Visigothic attempt, this policy was victim of physical, cultural and political obstacles. As in the case of Navarre, he was too wise to launch into perilous adventures. By the Treaty of Corbeil, with Louis IX, signed May, 1258, he frankly withdrew from conflict with the French king, and was content with the recognition of his position, and the surrender of antiquated and illusory French claims to the overlordship of Catalonia. Central Pyrenees. ... The Loire River (pronounced in French), the longest river in France with a length of just over 1000 km, drains an area of 117,000 km², more than a fifth of France. ... Migrations The Visigoths were one of two main branches of the Goths, an East Germanic tribe (the Ostrogoths being the other). ... The Treaty of Corbeil was an agreement signed on May 11, 1258, in Corbeil (today Corbeil-Essonnes, in the region of Île-de-France) between Louis IX of France and James I of Aragon. ... Only representation of Saint Louis known to be true to life - Early 14th century statue from the church of Mainneville, Eure, France King Louis IX of France or Saint Louis (April 25, 1214/1215 – August 25, 1270) was King of France from 1226 until his death. ...

During his remaining two decades, James warred with the Moors in Murcia, on behalf of his son-in-law Alphonso the Wise of Castile. As a legislator and organizer he occupies a high place among the Spanish kings. The favor he showed his illegitimate offspring led to protest from the nobles, and to conflicts between his sons legitimate and illegitimate. When one of the latter, Fernan Sanchez, who had behaved with gross ingratitude and treason to his father, was slain by the legitimate son Peter, the old king recorded his grim satisfaction. Murcia () is a city and municipality on the river Segura in southeastern Spain and the capital of the Autonomous Community of the Region of Murcia. ... Alfonso X and his court. ...

Majorca Kings Palace at Perpinyà

King James presided over the 1263 disputation in Barcelona between Nahmanides and the Jew converted to Christianism Paul Christian. Image File history File links Palau_dels_Reis_de_Mallorca_a_Perpinya. ... Image File history File links Palau_dels_Reis_de_Mallorca_a_Perpinya. ... Location within France Perpignan (Catalan Perpinyà) is a commune and the préfecture (administrative capital city) of the Pyrénées-Orientales département in southern France, and was the capital of the former province of Roussillon (French Catalonia). ... Events Detmold, Germany was founded. ... In the scholastic system of education of the middle ages, disputations (in Latin: disputationes, singular: disputatio) offered a formalized method of debate designed to uncover and establish truths in theology and in other sciences. ... Location Coordinates : Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) - summer: CEST (GMT +2) General information Native name Barcelona (Catalan) Spanish name Barcelona Postal code 08001-08080 Area code 34 (Spain) + 93 (Barcelona) Website http://www. ... Nahmanides (1194 - c. ... converted v. ... Friar Paul Christian (Pablo Christiani) was born to a pious Jewish family wih the name Saul. ...

At the close of his life King James divided his states between his sons by Yolande of Hungary, Peter receiving the Hispanic possessions on the mainland and James, the Kingdom of Majorca (the Balearic Islands and the counties of Roussillon and Cerdanya) and the Lordship of Montpellier, a division which inevitably produced fratricidal conflicts. The king fell very ill at Alzira, and resigned his crown, intending to retire to the monastery of Poblet, but died at Valencia on July 27, 1276. Peter III of Aragon (Catalan: Pere) (1239 – November 11, 1285, also Peter I of Valencia, Peter II of Barcelona), known as the Great, was the king of Aragon and Valencia and count of Barcelona from 1276 to 1285. ... Majorca Kings Palace at Perpinyà The Kingdom of Majorca (also Kingdom of Mallorca) was created by James I of Aragon (Jaume I, The Conqueror) as a vassal kingdom of the Kingdom of Aragon. ... Coat of arms of Roussillon - see also senyera Flag of Roussillon Mount Canigó (Canigou) (2785m), a Catalan landmark Roussillon (French: Roussillon, pronounced ; Catalan: Rosselló, pronounced ) is one of the historical counties of the former Principality of Catalonia, corresponding roughly to the present-day southern French département of Pyrén... Map of Baixa Cerdanya in Catalonia Cerdanya (French Cerdagne) is one of the historical Catalan counties in the eastern Pyrenees, bordering the county of Alt Urgell. ... Monastery of Santa Maria de Poblet The Monastery of Santa Maria de Poblet is a Cistercian monastery, founded in 1151, located in the comarca of Conca de Barberà, in Catalonia (Spain). ... July 27 is the 208th day (209th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 157 days remaining. ... For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ...

King James wrote or dictated at various stages a chronicle of his own life, "Llibre Dels Feits" in Catalan, which is the first self-chronicle of a Christian king. As well as a fine example of autobiography the "Book of Deeds" expresses concepts of the power and purpose of monarchy, examples of loyalty and treachery in the feudal order, the growth of national sentiment based on homeland, language and culture, and medieval military tactics. Roland pledges his fealty to Charlemagne; from a manuscript of a chanson de geste. ...

Marriage and children

He first married, in 1221, Leonor, daughter of Alfonso VIII of Castile, and then after having the marriage annulled (though a son was declared legitimate), in 1235, Yolande or Violant of Hungary, daughter of Andrew II of Hungary. He had several lovers, both during and after his marriage, and a few bore him illegitimate sons. He married thirdly Teresa Gil de Vidaure, but only by a private document, and left her when she developed leprosy. Alfonso VIII (November 11, 1155 – October 5, 1214); called the Noble or, in Spanish, el Noble; also known as He of Las Navas (El de las Navas); was the king of Castile and grandson of Alfonso VII.After having suffered a great defeat with his own army in 1195 at... Violant of Hungary (c. ... Andrew II (Hungarian: András or Endre, Slovak: Ondrej) (c. ...

By Leonor of Castile:

1. Alfonso (1229-1260), married Constance of Moncada, Countess of Bigorre

By Violant of Hungary: Bigorre coat of arms Bigorre (Gascon: Bigòrra) is an historically independent county, and later a province of France, located in the Pyrenees mountains, in southwest France. ... Violant of Hungary (c. ...

1. Violant of Aragon (1236-1301), married Alfonso X of Castile
2. Constance of Aragon (1239-1269), married Juan Manuel of Castile, son of Ferdinand III of Castile
3. Peter III of Aragon (1240-1285)
4. James II of Majorca (1243-1311)
5. Ferdinand of Aragon (1245-1250)
6. Sança of Aragon (1246-1251)
7. Isabella of Aragon (1247-1271), married Philip III of France
8. Maria of Aragon (1248-1267), nun.
9. Sancho, Archbishop of Toledo (1250-1279)
10. Elionor of Aragon (1251-?, young)

By Teresa Gil de Vidaure: Alfonso X and his court. ... Two Castilian Infantes (Princes), father and son, wore this name. ... Ferdinand III, the Saint, (1198/1199 - May 30, 1252) was a king of Castile (1217 - 1252) and Leon (1230 - 1252). ... Peter III of Aragon (Catalan: Pere) (1239 – November 11, 1285, also Peter I of Valencia, Peter II of Barcelona), known as the Great, was the king of Aragon and Valencia and count of Barcelona from 1276 to 1285. ... Coat of Arms of the Kings of Majorca used only abroad James II (Catalan: Jaume II) was king of Majorca and Lord of Montpellier from 1243 until 1311. ... Isabella of Aragon (1247 – January 28, 1271), infanta of Aragon, was, by marriage, Queen consort of France in the Middle Ages from 1270 to 1271. ... Philippe III Philip III the Bold ( French: Philippe III le Hardi) (April 3, 1245 – October 5, 1285) reigned as King of France from 1270 to 1285. ... Mary of Aragon or Mary of Spain or even Mary of Castile (June 29, 1482-March 7, 1517) was an Aragonese princess, second wife of Portuguese King Manuel I and because of that queen consort of Portugal from 1500 until her death. ... This is a list of Bishops and Archbishops of Toledo. ...

1. Jaume of Xèrica (c. 1255-1285), lord of Xèrica
2. Pere (1259-1318), lord of Ayerbe

Illegitimate by Blanca d'Antillón:

• Ferran Sanchis or Fernando Sánchez de Castro (1240), baron of Castro, killed in 1275 by his half-brother Peter III.

Illegitimate by Berenguela Fernández:

• Pedro Fernández, baron of Híjar

Illegitimate by Elvira Sarroca:

• Jaume Sarroca (1248), Archbishop of Huesca

Huesca (Aragonese Uesca, Catalan Osca) is a city in Aragon, Spain. ...

External links

• Full online book The Chronicle Of James I Of Aragon
• The Book of Deeds of James I of Aragon (available in PDF format)
• Enycyclopaedia Britannica 1911: James I of Aragon
• Medieval Sourcebook: e-text of James's grant of trade privileges to Barcelona, 1232, freeing the city from tolls and imposts with his realms
• The Worlds of Alfonso the Learned and James the Conqueror - Robert I. Burns, S.J., ed.
• The Crusader Kingdom of Valencia - Robert Ignatius Burns, S.J.
• James I at Find-A-Grave
• The Barcelona Maritime Code of 1258

Peter II of Aragon (1174 – September 12, 1213), surnamed the Catholic, was the king of Aragon (as Pedro II) and count of Barcelona (as Pere I) from 1196 to 1213. ... Here is a list of the rulers of Aragon, now a region of north-eastern Spain. ... Events September 12 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester defeats Peter II of Aragon, the king of Aragon at the Battle of Muret. ... For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ... Peter III of Aragon (Catalan: Pere) (1239 – November 11, 1285, also Peter I of Valencia, Peter II of Barcelona), known as the Great, was the king of Aragon and Valencia and count of Barcelona from 1276 to 1285. ... History of Spain series Prehistoric Spain Roman Spain Medieval Spain - Visigoths - Al-Andalus - Age of Reconquest Age of Expansion Age of Enlightenment Reaction and Revolution First Spanish Republic The Restoration Second Spanish Republic Spanish Civil War The Dictatorship Transition to Democracy Modern Spain Topics Economic History Military History Social History... Events September 12 - Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester defeats Peter II of Aragon, the king of Aragon at the Battle of Muret. ... For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Events In the Iberian peninsula, James I of Aragon captures the city of Valencia September 28 from the Moors; the Moors retreat to Granada. ... For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ... Majorca Kings Palace at Perpinyà The Kingdom of Majorca (also Kingdom of Mallorca) was created by James I of Aragon (Jaume I, The Conqueror) as a vassal kingdom of the Kingdom of Aragon. ... // Events Ardengus becomes bishop of Florence. ... For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ... Coat of Arms of the Kings of Majorca used only abroad James II (Catalan: Jaume II) was king of Majorca and Lord of Montpellier from 1243 until 1311. ... {{}} ... Lords of Montpellier William I of Montpellier (d. ... // Events Saint Francis of Assisi introduces Catholicism into Egypt, during the Fifth Crusade The Flag of Denmark fell from the sky during the Battle of Lyndanisse Ongoing events Fifth Crusade (1217-1221) Births Christopher I of Denmark (died 1259) Frederick II of Austria (died 1246) Guillaume de Gisors, supposedly the... For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ...