Jan Evangelista Purkyně (also written Johannes Evangelists Purkinje,  listen?) (1787 - 1869) was a Czech anatomist, patriot, and physiologist. Download high resolution version (834x1084, 223 KB) This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Download high resolution version (834x1084, 223 KB) This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... To play the audio file do not click on the -image. ... 1787 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1869 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Greek anatome, from ana-temnein, to cut up), is the branch of biology that deals with the structure and organization of living things; thus there is animal anatomy (zootomy) and plant anatomy (phytonomy). ... Physiology (in Greek physis = nature and logos = word) is the study of the mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions of living organisms. ...

He was born in Libochovice, Bohemia on the 17th December 1787. In 1819 he graduated from the University of Prague with a degree in medicine, where he was appointed a Professor of Physiology after writing his doctoral dissertation. Working at the university, he discovered the Purkinje effect, whereby as light intensity decreases red objects seem to fade faster than blue objects of the same brightness. He published two volumes Observations and Experiments Investigating the Physiology of Senses and New Subjective Reports about Vision, which contributed to the emergence of the science of experimental psychology. He created the world's first Department of Physiology at the University of Breslau in Prussia in 1839 and the world's first official physiology laboratory in 1842. Bohemia Bohemia (Czech: Čechy; German: Böhmen) is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western and middle thirds of the Czech Republic. ... (Redirected from 17th December) December 17 is the 351st day of the year (352nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1787 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1819 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... The Charles University of Prague (also simply University of Prague; Czech: Univerzita Karlova; Latin: Universitas Carolina) is the oldest and most prestigious Czech university and among the oldest universities in Europe, being founded in 1340s (for the exact year, see below). ... The Purkinje effect (sometimes called dark adaptation) is the tendency for the peak sensitivity of the human eye to shift toward the blue end of the spectrum at low illumination levels. ... Experimental psychology describes an approach to psychology that treats it as one of the natural sciences, and therefore assumes that it is susceptible to the experimental method. ... Wrocław. ... The coat of arms of the Kingdom of Prussia, 1701-1918 The word Prussia (German: Preußen or Preussen, Polish: Prusy, Lithuanian: Prūsai, Latin: Borussia) has had various (often contradictory) meanings: The land of the Baltic Prussians (in what is now parts of southern Lithuania, the Kaliningrad exclave of Russia and... 1839 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...

He is best known for his 1837 discovery of Purkinje cells, large neurons with many branching fibres found in the cerebellum. He is also known for his discovery, in 1839 of Purkinje fibres, the fibrous tissue that conducts electrical impulses from the atrioventricular node to all parts of the ventricles of the heart. He also introduced the scientific terms plasma (for the component of blood left when the suspended cells have been removed) and protoplasm (the substance found inside cells). Yet another discovery of his is the Purkinje effect. 1837 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Neurons (also spelled neurones or called nerve cells) are the primary cells of the nervous system. ... Cerebellum (in blue) of the human brain The cerebellum is a brain region important for a number of motor and cognitive functions, including learning (particularly learning of unconscious motor tasks such as riding a bike), time perception, and precise movement. ... 1839 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Purkinje fibers are located in the inner ventricular walls of the heart, just beneath the endocardium. ... The atrioventricular node (abbreviated AV node) is the tissue between the atria and the ventricles of the heart, which conducts the normal electrical impulse from the atria to the ventricles. ... In the heart, a ventricle is a chamber which collects blood from an atrium (another heart chamber) and pumps it out of the heart. ... Blood plasma is the liquid component of blood, in which the blood cells are suspended. ... Red blood cells (erythrocytes) are present in the blood and help carry oxygen to the rest of the cells in the body Blood is a circulating tissue composed of fluid plasma and cells (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets). ... Protoplasm is the substance inside the membrane of a living cell. ... The Purkinje effect (sometimes called dark adaptation) is the tendency for the peak sensitivity of the human eye to shift toward the blue end of the spectrum at low illumination levels. ...

Purkinje was the first to use a microtome to make wafer thin slices of tissue for microscopic examination and was among the first to use an improved version of the compound microscope. He described the effects of camphor, opium, belladonna and turpentine on humans in 1829, discovered sweat glands in 1833 and recognised fingerprints as a method of indentification in 1823. A microtome is a mechanical instrument used to cut very thin slices for microscopic examination. ... A microscope (Greek: micron = small and scopos = aim) is an instrument for viewing objects that are too small to be seen by the naked or unaided eye. ... Camphor, also known as 1,7,7-trimethyl-bicyclo(2,2,1)heptan-2-one, d-camphor, d-(+)-camphor, (+)-2-bornanone, d-2-bornanone, 1,7,7-Trimethylnorcamphor, 2-Camphanone, 2-camphonone, Bornan-2-one, or Caladryl has the chemical formula C10H16O. Camphor is a white transparent waxy crystalline solid... Opium is a narcotic drug which is obtained from the unripe seed pods of the opium poppy . ... For information on the erotic actress Belladonna see: Belladonna. ... Turpentine is a fluid obtained by distillation from resin obtained from trees, mainly various species of pine (Pinus). ... 1829 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Sweating (also called perspiration or sometimes transpiration) is the loss of a watery fluid, consisting mainly of sodium chloride and urea in solution, that is secreted by the sweat glands in the skin of mammals. ... 1833 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... This article is about human fingerprints. ... 1823 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

He died at the age of 82 on the 28th July, 1869. (Redirected from 28th July) July 28 is the 209th day (210th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 156 days remaining. ... 1869 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...

The Masaryk University in Brno, Czech Republic, bore his name from 1960 to 1990, as did the standalone military medical academy in Hradec Kralové (1994 - 2004). Today a university in Ústí nad Labem bears his name: Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ustí nad Labem (Univerzita Jana Evangelisty Purkyně v Ústí nad Labem). Masaryk University in Brno is the second largest university in the Czech Republic. ... Hradec Králové (German: Königgrätz) is a city of the Czech Republic, in the Hradec Králové Region of Bohemia. ... Ústí nad Labem (German: Aussig) is a city of the Czech Republic, in the Usti nad Labem Region. ...