Official titles in Latin: Ioannes Casimirus, Dei Gratia rex Poloniae, magnus dux Lithuaniae, Russie, Prussiae, Masoviae, Samogitiae, Livoniae, Smolenscie, Severiae, Czernichoviaeque; nec non Suecorum, Gothorum, Vandalorumque haereditarius rex, etc.
His father Sigismund, grandson of Gustav I of Sweden, had succeded his father to the Swedish throne in 1592 only to be deposed from the by his uncle Charles IX of Sweden in 1599. This lead to a long standing feud where the Polish kings of the house of Vasa claimed the Swedish throne. Effects of this were the Swedish War (1600-1629). Poland and Sweden were also on opposite sides in the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648).
In 1648 John Casimir II succeeded his half brother and cousin on the Polish throne. The reign of the last of Vasas in the Commonwealth would be dominated by the culumination in the war with Sweden (The Deluge), groundwork for which was laid down by the two previous Vasa kings of the Commonwealth.
In 1660 he would be forced to renounce his claims to the Swedish throne and acknowledge Swedish sovereignty over Livonia and city of Riga. John abdicated on September 16, 1668 and returned to France where he joined the Jesuit order and became an ordinary monk. He died in 1672.
W dalszym ciągu oddając Matce Najświętszej jako Kr贸lowej Polski swoje państwo, ojczyznę naszą i naszych pobratymc贸w, Rzeczpospolią wielu narod贸w, JanKazimierz podejmuje r贸żne zobowiązania natury religijnej a także natury społeczno-moralnej.
JanKazimierz, jak czytamy, jak słyszymy w jego Slubach, jest w pełni świadom tej perspektywy ostatecznej swojej odpowiedzialności jako władca narodu; ale zależy od tego także dobro człowieka w wymiarze doczesnym, jeżeli chodzi o jego egzystencię osobistą, osobową, wsp贸lnotową, społeczną, społecznogospodarczą, państwową, polityczną - to wszystko jest powiązane.
Piotra na wsp贸lnej modlitwie, na uczestnictwie w Eucharystii, w uroczystość Maryi Kr贸lowej Polski nie przestajemy prosić Ją, tak jak niegdyś prosił kr贸l JanKazimierz, a potem w ślad za nim całe pokolenia naszych przodk贸w, w bardzo trudnych niekiedy czasach, w trudnych okresach.
Jan Karski, Polish resistance hero and the man who first told Western Europe and the United States about the Holocaust, was born June 1914 in the central Polish city of Lodz in a tenement house at 71 Kilinskiego St.
He was awarded with Doctor of Law and Diplomacy title at the JanKazimierz University, and after supplementary studies in Western Europe he became a diplomat in Polish diplomatic corps in pre-war Poland.
Professor Jan Karski was an honorary citizen of Israel, an honorary doctor of University of Lódz, and he was given the White Eagle Order, the highest Polish distinction.
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