Japanese consumer electronics industry is one of the largest and powerful in the world and is one of the most prolific exporter and manufacturer of electronic products in the world manufacturing many of the high-technology product and their inventions. Look up Electronic in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... High tech refers to high technology, technology that is at the cutting-edge and the most advanced currently available. ...

A relatively small number of industries dominate Japan's trade and investment interaction with the rest of the world. In the late 1980s, those export industries were motor vehicles, consumer electronics, semiconductors and other electronic components, and iron and steel. A fruit stand at a market. ... Invest redirects here. ...

The industries producing consumer electronics—receivers, compact disc players, other audio components, tape recorders, television receivers, video cassette recorders, and video cameras-- were major exporters, and in the 1980s they invested overseas as well. In 1991, 46.7 % of color televisions produced in Japan were exported, as were 87.3 % of video cassette recorders. Some of these products had too small an export share to show up separately in summary trade data, but audio tape recorders represented 2.9 % of total Japanese exports in 1988, video cassette recorders 2.3 %, radio receivers 0.8 %, and television receivers 0.7 %, for a total of 6.7 %. Consumer electronics is electronic equipment intended for use by everyday people. ... In radio terminology, a receiver is an electronic circuit that receives a radio signal from an antenna and decodes the signal for use as sound, pictures, navigational-position information, etc. ... An Apline in car cd player (head unit) A compact disc player or CD player is an electronic device to play audio from compact discs. ... In general, a tape recorder, tape deck, cassette deck or tape machine is any device that records and plays back, fluctuating signal by moving a strip of magnetic tape across a tape head. ... The video cassette recorder (or VCR, less popularly video tape recorder) is a type of video tape recorder that uses removable cassettes containing magnetic tape to record audio and video from a television broadcast so it can be played back later. ... A video camera can be classified two ways: Professional video cameras, such as those used in television production Camcorders used by amateurs This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... In economics, an export is any good or commodity, shipped or otherwise transported out of a country, province, town to another part of the world in a legitimate fashion, typically for use in trade or sale. ... The 1980s decade refers to the years from 1980 to 1989, inclusive, informally sometimes including the years 1979, 1990 and 1991. ...

All of these industries built on Japan's success in developing commercial applications for the transistor in the 1950s and the succeeding generations of semiconductor devices of the 1970s and 1980s. Most of this output came from large integrated electronics firms, which manufactured semiconductor devices, consumer electronics, and computers. Their international success came from continually pushing miniaturization and driving down manufacturing costs through innovations in the manufacturing process. Assorted transistors The transistor is a solid state semiconductor device that can be used for amplification, switching, voltage stabilization, signal modulation and many other functions. ... A semiconductor is a material with an electrical conductivity that is intermediate between that of an insulator and a conductor. ... A Lego RCX Computer is an example of an embedded computer used to control mechanical devices. ... Miniaturization is a continuing trend in technology toward ever-smaller scales for first mechanical, then optical and most recently electronic devices. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Mainly because of Japanese industry's success, the United States consumer electronics industry withered. During the 1970s, Japanese inroads in the United States market for color television receivers sparked charges of dumping and other predatory practices. These disputes led to Orderly Marketing Arrangements (voluntary export restraints) by Japan in 1977, which limited exports of color televisions to 1.75 million units annually between 1977 and 1980. While this agreement afforded some protection to the United States domestic industry, Japanese firms responded by investing in the United States. By the end of the 1980s, only one United States-owned television manufacturer remained; the others had disappeared or had been bought by West European or Japanese firms.

Other products for the consumer electronics market did not become as controversial as color televisions, partly because Japan had pioneered the products. Video cassette recorders, video cameras, and compact disc players were all developed for the consumer market by Japanese firms, and no United States-owned firms were involved in their manufacture in the 1980s.

Japanese overseas investment in the consumer electronics industry was motivated by protectionism and labor costs. Protectionism was the main motivation for Japanese firms to establish color television plants in the United States. By 1980, after the three years of voluntary export restraints, seven Japanese firms had located plants in the United States. In addition, Japanese firms retained production of the most technologically advanced products at home, while shifting production of less advanced products to developing countries such as Taiwan. For these reasons, Japanese export of color televisions fell during the 1980s, from 2 % of total exports in 1970 to only 0.7 % in 1988. Protectionism is the economic policy of restraining trade between jurisdictions, through methods such as high tariffs on imported goods, restrictive quotas, and anti-dumping measures, in an attempt to protect industries in a particular locale from competition. ...

Reference

• This article contains material from the Library of Congress Country Studies, which are United States government publications in the public domain. - Japan

This article or section needs to be updated. Parts of this article or section have been identified as no longer being up to date. Please update the article to reflect recent events, and remove this template when finished. The Country Studies are works published by the Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress ( USA), freely available for use by researchers. ... The U.S. Constitution, adopted in 1789 by a constitutional convention, sets down the basic framework of American government in its seven articles. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...