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Japanese has its share of regional dialects (hōgen 方言). The lingua franca of Japan is called kyōtsūgo (共通語 lit. "common language") or hyōjungo (標準語 lit. "standard language"), and while it was based initially on Tokyo dialect, the language of Japan's capital has since gone in its own direction to become one of Japan's many dialects. Dialects are commonly called -ben (弁, 辯 ex. "Osaka-ben" means Osaka dialect). Image File history File links Broom_icon. ...
Some casual pronunciation is common to most dialects of Japanese. Much as English has unofficial contractions such as going to → gonna, Japanese has fairly standard ways to create less formal pronunciations. Examples are
- -ai or -oi → -ee, as in dekinai → dekinee or sugoi → sugee (most commonly used with -nai)
- R absorption: wakaranai → wakan'nai (→ wakan'nee by the previous rule)
Eastern Japanese
Hokkaidō Dialect The residents of Hokkaidō Prefecture are (relatively) recent arrivals from all parts of Japan, and this combination of influences has resulted in a set of regionalisms sometimes called Hokkaidō-ben. Hokkaidō-ben appears to have been influenced most significantly by Tōhoku-ben, not surprising due to Hokkaidō's geographic proximity to northeastern Honshū. Characteristics of Hokkaidō-ben include speech that contains fewer gender-specific differences, a rich vocabulary of regionalisms, and alternatives to "desu". There is a tendency toward rapid, abbreviated speech patterns, as is not uncommon in other rural areas of Japan. Overall, Hokkaidō-ben is not dramatically different from what is called standard Japanese. Most native speakers of Hokkaidō-ben can easily switch to standard Japanese when the situation calls for it. However, Hokkaidō-ben is different enough that the prepared ear has an advantage in understanding it. literally North Sea Circuit, Ainu: Mosir), formerly known as Ezo, Yezo, Yeso, or Yesso, is Japans second largest island and the largest of its 47 prefectural-level subdivisions. ...
Here are some examples of words and phrases common in Hokkaidō that are less common in standard Japanese:
- dabe—isn't it (desho)
- (tebukuro o) haku—to wear (gloves), using the verb traditionally reserved for shoes
- sa—often used instead of ne (final particle soliciting confirmation or agreement)
- dabe sa—(roughly) indeed, isn't it? (desho ne)
- shibareru—to be freezing cold (as the weather), to freeze hard
- namara—very
- kowai —to be tough (as work, etc.), to be tiring > "I am tired" (cognate with Standard Japanese kowai meaning "scary")
- (gomi o) nageru—to discard (trash), literally, "to throw" trash
- waya—dreadful
- futtsuku—to stick (to), to adhere (to)
- tekkurikaeru—to stumble and fall (while skiing, etc.)
- bakuru—to swap, to trade
- hankakusai—to be foolish
- zangi—fried chicken nuggets
- dosanko—Hokkaidō native for three or more generations
Tōhoku Dialect Tōhoku-ben is spoken in Tōhoku, the Northeastern region of Honshū. Toward the northern part of Honshū, Tōhoku-ben can differ so dramatically from standard Japanese that it is sometimes rendered with subtitles. It is considered by some Southern inhabitants of Japan to be a slow and "clumsy" dialect with connotations of dawdling or idleness. Tohoku region, Japan The TÅhoku region (æ±åŒ—地方; TÅhoku-chihÅ) is a geographical area of Japan. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
A notable linguistic feature of Tōhoku-ben is its neutralization of the high vowels /i/ and /u/, so that the words Sushi, susu (soot), and shishi (lion) are rendered homophonous, where they would have been distinct in other dialects. It is for this reason, in addition to the tendency of Tōhoku dialect speakers to draw out their vowels, that Tōhoku-ben is somewhat pejoratively referred to as "Zūzū-ben". For the journal, see Linguistics (journal). ...
This article is about Japanese cuisine. ...
In addition, all unvoiced stops become voiced intervocalically, rendering the pronunciation of the word "kato" (trained rabbit) as [kado]. However, unlike the high vowel neutralization, this does not result in new homophones, as all voiced stops are pre-nasalized, meaning that the word "kado" (corner) is roughly pronounced [kando]. This is particularly noticeable with the "g" sound, which is nasalized sufficiently that it sounds very much like the English "ng" as in "thing", with the stop of the hard "g" almost entirely lost. Phoneticians define phonation as use of the laryngeal system to generate an audible source of acoustic energy, i. ...
Phoneticians define phonation as use of the laryngeal system to generate an audible source of acoustic energy, i. ...
In phonetics, nasalization is the production of a sound while the velum is lowered, so that air escapes partially or wholly through the nose during the production of the sound. ...
Some words and phrases common in Tōhoku (and generally, also in Hokkaidō) that are less common in standard Japanese include:
- -be or -bē as volitional suffix
- o-ban desu—good evening (pronounced "oban dezū")
- menkoi—cute
- igisupe-let's go
- abe- let's go (polite)
- ~dabe-right?
- nepute-I am sleepy
- neppe- let's go to sleep
- iine- okay
- oksaki su su- see you later
- n'demada- see you later
- hon de- see you later
- omyounichi-see you tomorrow
- kekkara- I'm going home
- gaotta- I'm tired (impolite)
- gotttsosama- thank you for the meal
- ~dacchya-right?
- ora- I/me (male)
- adashi- I/me (female)
- odottsan- father
- ogattsan- mother
Some common words in Tsugaru-ben (the dialect used in Aomori City and the outlying area) - sa used in place of the standard ni (particle indicating direction)
- wa for watashi (formal, first person pronoun)
- na for anata (formal, second person pronoun)
- ome for omae (informal, second person pronoun)
- be (volitional suffix attached to the dictionary form of nouns, verbs and adjectives)
- kaccha mother
- menkoi cute
- anzumashii it feels nice, comfortable
Kinds of Tōhoku-ben Aomori Prefecture ) is located in the TÅhoku Region of Japan. ...
The Shimokita Peninsula (下北半島, Shimokita-hantō) is the remote northeastern cape of the Japanese island of Honshu, stretching out towards Hokkaido. ...
Akita Prefecture ) is located in the TÅhoku Region of northern Japan. ...
Iwate Prefecture ) is located in the Tohoku region on Honshū island, Japan. ...
Morioka (盛岡市; -shi) is the capital city of Iwate prefecture, Japan. ...
Kesen (気仙郡; -gun) is a district located in Iwate, Japan. ...
This April 2007 does not cite its references or sources. ...
Miyagi Prefecture (宮城県; Miyagi-ken) is located in the TÅhoku Region on Honshu island, Japan. ...
Yamagata Prefecture (山形県; Yamagata-ken) is located in the Tohoku region on Honshu island, Japan. ...
This article is about the city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. ...
Yonezawa (米沢市; -shi) is a city located in Yamagata, Japan. ...
ShÅnai ), also known as Tsuruoka-han, was a Japanese domain of the Edo period, located in Dewa Province. ...
Mogami (最上郡; -gun) is a district located in Yamagata, Japan. ...
Shinjō (新庄市; -shi) is a city located in Yamagata, Japan. ...
Fukushima Prefecture (ç¦å³¶çœŒ Fukushima-ken) is located in the Tohoku region on Honshu island, Japan. ...
Monument to the Byakkotai Samurai Aizu ) is a former feudal domain (Han), part of the modern-day Japanese prefecture of Fukushima, formerly a part of Mutsu province. ...
Kantō Dialect
Kinds of Kanto dialect For other uses, see Tokyo (disambiguation). ...
Category: ...
Saitama Prefecture (埼玉県; Saitama-ken) is located on Honshu island, Japan. ...
Gunma redirects here. ...
Categories: Japan geography stubs | Old provinces of Japan ...
Kanagawa Prefecture ) is a prefecture located in the southern KantŠregion of Honshū, Japan. ...
Awa Province can be: Awa Province (Chiba) (安房国) in modern-day Chiba Prefecture. ...
For the city, see Ibaraki, Osaka. ...
Tochigi Prefecture (æ ƒæœ¨çœŒ Tochigi-ken) is a located in the Kanto region on the island of Honshu, Japan. ...
Chiba Prefecture ) is located in the Greater Tokyo Area of Honshu Island, Japan. ...
Ibaraki Ibaraki dialect, Ibaraki-ben, is characterized by dakuten insertion, effecting a voiced syllable. For example, byōki, illness, becomes something like byōgi. Also characteristic of Ibaraki-ben in many areas is a decreased distinction between i and e sounds, so that iro enpitsu becomes ero inpitsu among many speakers. The final particles ppe, be, and he are perhaps most well-known. They derive from literary beshi (now beki in standard Japanese). The pitch accent of Ibaraki dialect is also fairly different from standard Japanese, typically rising at the end of statements and falling in questions. Below are a few words which are rather ubiquitous among speakers of the Ibaraki dialect: For the city, see Ibaraki, Osaka. ...
- anme—related to literary aru mai, and to nai darō in standard Japanese, meaning "(I suppose) not". Its opposite is appe, from aru and ppe
- arutte—walking (instead of aruite)
- daiji—daijōbu in standard Japanese, meaning "alright", and unrelated to the identically-pronounced standard word for "important"
- dere(suke)—lazy foolish person
- goja((ra)ppe)—silly foolish person
- medo—hole
- -me—suffix for small animals (e.g. hē-me, "fly"; kan-me, "turtle"); used differently from the abusive -me in standard Japanese
- odome—child
Tokyo The speech of modern Tokyo is often considered to equate standard Japanese (hyōjungo), though in fact Tokyo dialect differs from hyōjungo in a number of areas. Noticeable earmarks of Tokyo dialect include the frequent use of さ (sa, roughly analogous to "like" as used in American English slang), じゃん (jan, a contraction of じゃないか ja nai ka, "Isn't that right?", jan is originally Shizuoka and Kanagawa dialects' word) and つう (tsuu) in place of -と言う (— to iu, "to say —" or "is called —"). It is also not uncommon for Tokyo dialect to change the -いる (-iru) stem of the present progressive to -ん (-n), as in つってんのー (tsutten nō, "[someone] is saying") versus と言っているのよ (to itte iru no yo) of standard Japanese.
Edo-ben or Shitamachi-kotoba, the fast-fading dialect of old families from Eastern Tokyo called "Shitamachi" (This means "low-lying towns") , is another example of a Tokyo dialect that differs from standard Japanese. This dialect is primarily known for the inability to pronounce or distinguish some phonemes which are considered wholly distinct in all other Japanese dialects. Most famous is the decreased distinction between "hi" and "shi", so that "hidoi" (terrible) becomes "shidoi", and "shichi" (seven) becomes "hichi". Though it also includes a few distinctive words, today it is largely indistinguishable from the standard speech of Tokyo other than the phonemic difference. Edo (Japanese: , literally: bay-door, estuary, pronounced //), once also spelled Yedo or Yeddo, is the former name of the Japanese capital Tokyo. ...
Tōkai-Tōsan Dialect Tokai-Tosan dialect is separated into three groups: Nagano-Yamanashi-Shizuoka, Echigo and Gifu-Aichi.
Nagano-Yamanashi-Shizuoka - Nagano or Shinshū
- Okushin (Northernmost of Nagano)
- Hokushin (Northern of Nagano)
- Tōshin (Eastern of Nagano)
- Chūshin (Center of Nagano)
- Nanshin (Southern of Nagano)
- Izu (Eastern of Shizuoka)
- Shizuoka (Center of Shizuoka)
- ikai—ookii in standard Japanese, "big"
- ora—ore "I" (masculine language)
- ganko—sugoku or takusan "very" "a lot"
- nukutoi—atatakai "warm"
- yakkoi—yawarakai "flexible" "soft"
Nagano Prefecture (長野県; Nagano-ken) is located on Honshu island, Japan. ...
Shinano (信濃国; -no kuni) is an old province of Japan that is now present day Nagano prefecture. ...
Location. ...
Shizuoka Prefecture ) is located in the Chūbu region on Honshū island, Japan. ...
Shizuoka (é™å²¡å¸‚; -shi) is the capital city of Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. ...
TÅtÅmi ) is an old province in the area of Japan that is today western Shizuoka prefecture. ...
Map of Yamanashi Prefecture. ...
Echigo Echigo is Niigata Prefecture except Sado Island. Echigo (越後国; -no kuni) was an old province in north-central Japan, on the Sea of Japan side, northernmost part of the Hokurikudo (北陸é“）circuit. ...
Niigata Prefecture ) is located on Honshū island on the coast of the Sea of Japan. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Sado, Niigata. ...
- Niigata (Around of Niigata city)
- Nagaoka (Center of Niigata)
- Jōetsu (Wastern of Niigata)
- Uonuma (Southern of Niigata)
Niigata ) is the capital and the most populous city of Niigata Prefecture, Japan. ...
Nagaoka (長岡市) is a city located in the central part of Niigata Prefecture, Japan. ...
Jōetsu (上越市; -shi) is a city located in Niigata, Japan. ...
Gifu-Aichi Mino (美濃国; -no kuni) is an old province of Japan, which today composes nearly the southern part of Gifu prefecture. ...
Gifu Prefecture (å²é˜œçœŒ Gifu-ken), is located in the Chubu region of central Japan. ...
Hida (飛騨国; -no kuni) is an old province located in Tosando of Japan, which today composes the northern part of Gifu prefecture. ...
Hida Dialect (é£›é¨¨å¼ Hida-ben) is a Japanese dialect spoken in Hida,Gifu prefecture of Japan. ...
For the company, see Aichi Steel Corporation. ...
Nagoya ) is the fourth largest city in Japan. ...
Satellite image of Chita Peninsula (left), Mikawa Bay (center), and Atsumi Peninsula (lower right) Chita Peninsula (知多åŠå³¶ Chita HantÅ) is a peninsula to the south of Aichi Prefecture, central Honshu, Japan. ...
Mikawa (三河国, Mikawa no kuni) is an old province in the area that today forms the eastern half of Aichi Prefecture. ...
Nagoya See main article: Nagoya dialect The Nagoya dialect ) is a dialect of the Japanese language spoken in the west half of Aichi prefecture, around the city of Nagoya. ...
Nagoya-ben is a dialect spoken in and around the city of Nagoya. It is similar to Kansai-ben in intonation, but to Tokyo-ben in accent. Instead of "shitte iru?" Nagoya residents will say "shittoru?" They attach unique suffixes to the end of sentences: "-gaya" when surprised, "-te" for emphasis, "-ni" to show off one's knowledge, and "-dekan" for disappointment. Some Nagoya words: "ketta" for "jitensha", "tsukue o tsuru" to 'move a desk', "dera-" or "dora-" for "sugoi" or "tottemo". A Tokyo resident: "Sou ni kimatteru janai" Nagoya resident: "Sou ni kimattoru gaya". "Gan" is not typical Nagoya-ben. It is rather slang used by the younger Nagoya residents.
Mikawa Mikawa-ben is spoken in the east half of Aichi prefecture while Nagoya-ben is in the west half. The two dialects are very similar for people from other areas of Japan. But Mikawa and Nagoya people claim that the dialects are completely different. Mikawa people also claim that Mikawa-ben is the basis of Tokyo Japanese because it was made up in Edo period by Samurai from this area. For the company, see Aichi Steel Corporation. ...
The Edo period ), also called Tokugawa period, is a division of Japanese history running from 1603 to 1868. ...
For other uses, see Samurai (disambiguation). ...
Hachijō Island
Hachijō Dialect A small group of dialect spoken on a couple of islands south of Tokyo. Usually Hachijō Dialect is regarded as an independent "root branch" itself for its unique characteristics, especially the abundance of inherited ancient Japanese features, in spite of its small population.
Western Japanese The dialects of western Japan have some common features that are markedly different from standard Japanese. Of course, not all dialects in western Japan use these features, but some extend from Kinki to Kyushu, sometimes even Okinawa. Some examples are おる (oru) instead of いる (iru), じゃ (ja) or や (ya) instead of だ (da), and the negative form ん (n) as in 行かん (ikan) (行かない (ikanai) in standard Japanese). These features are sometimes derived from Old Japanese. The Old Japanese language is the Japanese language as used in the Kojiki, Manyoshu, Nihonshoki, and other early records of Japanese history and poetry. ...
Hokuriku Dialect
Kinds of Hokuriku dialect The article incorporates text from OpenHistory. ...
Ishikawa Prefecture ) is located in the Chubu region on Honshu island, Japan. ...
Kanazawa (金沢市; -shi) is the capital city of Ishikawa Prefecture in Japan. ...
The article incorporates text from OpenHistory. ...
Toyama Prefecture ) is located in the Chūbu region on Honshū island, Japan. ...
Etchu (越ä¸å›½; EtchÅ«-no kuni) was an old province in central Honshu, on the Sea of Japan side. ...
Fukui Prefecture ) is located in the Chūbu region on Honshū island, Japan. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Sado, Niigata. ...
Toyama Toyama-ben is spoken in Toyama Prefecture. Instead of the standard, shitte imasuka? or colloquial shitte iru? for "Do you know?" Toyama-ben speakers will say, shittorukke? Other regional distinctions include words like kitokito for fresh and delicious. Toyama Prefecture ) is located in the Chūbu region on Honshū island, Japan. ...
Other distinctions include the negative past tense being formed differently from standard Japanese as follows:
- Standard Japanese: konakatta (did not come) Toyama-ben: konda (did not come)
- Standard Japanese: inakatta (was not) Toyama-ben: oranda (was not) (n.b.,Toyama-ben uses "oru" instead of "iru" to express "existence")
- Standard Japanese: tabenakatta (did not eat) Toyama-ben: tabenda (did not eat)
- Standard Japanese: shinakatta (did not do) Toyama-ben: senda (did not do)
The distinction made is that the negative past tense in Toyama-ben is formed by adding to the stem of the verb the "nu" suffix, indicating a negative, followed by a "da" indicating the past tense or completed action. "Nu" becomes "n".
Fukui Fukui-ben is the dialect of The northern part of Fukui Prefecture. Speakers of Fukui-ben tend to talk in an up-and-down, sing-songy manner. It is considered a relatively rural dialect, yet it is not without its own rough, home-spun elegance. Fukui Prefecture ) is located in the Chūbu region on Honshū island, Japan. ...
Examples of Fukui-ben include:
- hoya hoya, meaning hai (yes) or so so (that is true)
- mmmmm-do, instead of ē-to (let's see, or well)
- tsuru tsuru, meaning "very" or "a lot" (as in, "tsuru tsuru ippai" or this glass is very full, almost overflowing)
- jami jami describes poor reception on a TV. The usual term is suna arashi "sandstorm"
- hayo shine-ma is a way of telling someone to "hurry up" (However, hayo shine in Standard Japanese is a way of telling someone to "die now")
Kinki (Kansai) Dialect See main article: Kansai dialect The Japanese language, in addition to to Standard Japanese, based on Tokyo speech, has dozens of geographic dialects. ...
Kansai-ben (関西弁) is a dialect spoken in the Kansai region of Japan. Kansai-ben features a number of regional differences: to draw a broad generalization, Osaka-ben can be considered "brash", Kyoto-ben "lilting" and Kobe-ben "melodious". Kansai region, Japan The Kansai region ) of Japan, also known as the Kinki region ), lies in the Southern-Central region of Japans main island, HonshÅ«. The region includes the prefectures of Nara, Wakayama, Mie, Kyoto, Osaka, HyÅgo, and Shiga. ...
Kinds of Kansai dialect - Shiga is a neighbor prefecture on the east, therefore words and accents are similar to Kyoto-ben. For example, -haru is also used many times in Shiga. One must not mistake, though, there are many differences in speaking patterns between Kyoto and the cities of Shiga. Gachakon ガチャコン or Gacha is the local slang word for the Ohmi Railway, a local train. It is named such because it is said to go "gacha gacha gacha" as one rides it.
Kyoto ) is a city in the central part of the island of Honshū, Japan. ...
Kyoto Gosho (京都御所), or Kyoto Palace, was the Imperial Palace of Japan for much of its history, from the Heian Period, when the Imperial capital was moved from Nara to Heian-kyo, now called Kyoto, until the Meiji Restoration, when the capital was moved to Tokyo. ...
Shirakara Canal in the Gion district, showing the rear of some ochaya Exclusive restaurants line the streets of Gion. ...
Osaka ) is a city in Japan, located at the mouth of the Yodo River on Osaka Bay, in the Kansai region of the main island of Honshū. The city is the capital of Osaka Prefecture. ...
Kawachi (河内国; -no kuni) was a province of Japan, which today composes the south-eastern part of Osaka Prefecture. ...
Osaka Prefecture (大阪府 Ōsaka-fu) is part of the Kinki region on Honshu island, Japan. ...
Izumi (和泉国; -no kuni) or Senshu (泉州 senshū) was a province of Japan, which today composes the south-western part of Osaka Prefecture (not including the city of Osaka itself). ...
This article is about the Japanese city. ...
Nara Prefecture ) is a prefecture in the Kinki region on Honshū Island, Japan. ...
Yamato () was a province of Japan. ...
Yoshino (å‰é‡Žéƒ¡; -gun) is a district located in Nara, Japan. ...
Categories: Japan geography stubs | Old provinces of Japan ...
The Iwashimizu Hachimangu, a Shinto shrine in Yawata. ...
HyÅgo Prefecture (兵庫県 HyÅgo-ken) is located in the Kinki region on Honshu island, Japan. ...
Maizuru (舞鶴市; -shi) is a city located in Kyoto, Japan, on an inlet of the Sea of Japan. ...
Harima (æ’磨国; -no kuni) or Banshu (æ’å·ž banshÅ«) was a province of Japan in the part of Honshu that is the southwestern part of present-day Hyogo Prefecture. ...
Shiga Prefecture from outer space. ...
This ukiyo-e by Hiroshige illustrates the sailboats at Yahashi, one of the Eight Views of ÅŒmi. ...
Ohmi Railway Co. ...
Kii (紀伊国; -no kuni) or Kishu (紀州 kishū) was a province of Japan in the part of Honshu that is today Wakayama and the southern part of Mie Prefecture. ...
Wakayama Prefecture ) is part of the Kii Peninsula in the Kinki region on Honshū island, Japan. ...
Shingū (新宮市; -shi) is a city located in Wakayama, Japan. ...
Mie Prefecture (三é‡çœŒ; Mie-ken) is part of the Kinki region on Honshu island, Japan. ...
Categories: Old provinces of Japan | Japan geography stubs ...
Shima (志摩国; -no kuni) or Shishu (志州 shishū) was a province of Japan which consisted of a peninsula in the southeastern part of modern Mie Prefecture. ...
Ueno Castle Iga Province (伊賀国; -no kuni) was an old province of Japan in the area that is today western Mie prefecture. ...
The article incorporates text from OpenHistory. ...
Fukui Prefecture ) is located in the Chūbu region on Honshū island, Japan. ...
Osaka Ōsaka-ben belongs to the Kansai family of dialects. The terminology is confusing, as people often use Kansai-ben interchangeably with Ōsaka-ben. Even those in the know may confuse true Ōsaka-ben with Kansai-ben. Some examples include the usage of で (de) as a sentence final particle, and あかん (akan) which means だめ (dame) or いけない (ikenai) in standard Japanese. Osaka ) is a city in Japan, located at the mouth of the Yodo River on Osaka Bay, in the Kansai region of the main island of HonshÅ«. The city is the capital of Osaka Prefecture. ...
A sentence final particle is an utterance at the end of a sentence. ...
Kyoto Kyōto-ben or Kyō-kotoba is a soft and melodic Kansai variant. Traditional Kyoto dialect uses -taharu or -teharu (e.g. nani shitaharu no?) in its sentence endings, though -yasu and -dosu are also common. See Kansai-ben for more. To end a verb in -taharu is also often considered to be more formal and is almost exclusively used by women. Ending a verb in -taaru is said to have the same effect but usable by men, though it is not very common. The equivalent of standard Japanese's irasshaimase (いらっしゃいませ) is oideyasu (おいでやす) in Kyoto-ben. Kyoto ) is a city in the central part of the island of HonshÅ«, Japan. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Kōbe Kōbe-ben is notable among Kansai dialects for conjugating the present progressive with the verb ending -ton or -tō. For example, while the phrase "What are you doing?" in standard (and casual) Japanese would be Nani shite iru? in Kōbe-ben it would be Nani shiton? or Nani shitō?. Like Ōsaka-ben, Kōbe-ben uses the inflectional ねん (nen) to add emphasis, such that 何言っているんだよ (Nani itteirundayo, "What (the heck) are you saying?") of standard Japanese could become 何ゆうとんねん (Nani yuuton'nen) in Kōbe-ben. This article is about the Japanese city. ...
Chūgoku Dialect
Kinds of Chūgoku dialect For other uses, see Hiroshima (disambiguation). ...
The headquarters of the government of the prefecture are in this building in the city of Hiroshima. ...
Bungo (豊後国; Bungo no kuni) was a province of Japan in eastern Kyūshū. It bordered on Buzen, Hyuga, Higo, Chikugo, and Chikuzen Provinces. ...
Fukuyama (ç¦å±±å¸‚; -shi) is a city located in Hiroshima, Japan. ...
Okayama Prefecture ) is located in the Chūgoku region on Honshū island, Japan. ...
Yamaguchi Prefecture (å±±å£çœŒ Yamaguchi-ken) is located in the Chugoku region on Honshu island, Japan. ...
The article incorporates text from OpenHistory. ...
Shimane Prefecture ) is located in the Chugoku region on Honshu island, Japan. ...
Tottori (é³¥å–市; -shi) is the capital city of Tottori Prefecture in the ChÅ«goku region of Japan. ...
The Tottori Sand Dunes. ...
Tajima (但馬国; -no kuni) was an old province of Japan in the area that is today northern Hyogo. ...
Categories: Japan geography stubs | Old provinces of Japan ...
Hiroshima Hiroshima-ben is regarded as a very manly sounding dialect [citation needed]. That is to say, tough and hard. Common variations include じゃ (ja) instead of だ (da), の (no) instead of ね (ne), and like Kyushu it uses けん (ken) instead of から (kara). Putting them together, じゃけんの (jakenno) is often applied to the end of sentences instead of だ (da) or です (desu), even though the meaning of じゃけん (jaken) is literally だから (dakara).
Yamaguchi Yamaguchi-ben contains more yōons and diphthongs compared to other dialects in Japan. Above all, the consonant "ch" is frequently used. ちょる (choru) is often used instead of ている (te iru) in standard Japanese, and ちゃ (cha) is also used instead of the standard だ (da). YÅon (拗音) is a feature of the Japanese language in which a mora is formed with an added y sound. ...
In phonetics, a diphthong (also gliding vowel) (Greek δίφθογγος, diphthongos, literally with two sounds, or with two tones) is a monosyllabic vowel combination involving a quick but smooth movement from one vowel to another, often interpreted by listeners as a single vowel sound or phoneme. ...
Umpaku Dialect "Umpaku" means "Izumo (Eastern of Shimane) and Hoki (Western of Tottori)". Izumo (Japanese: 出雲国; Izumo no kuni) was an old province of Japan which today consists of the eastern part of Shimane prefecture in the Chugoku region. ...
Shimane Prefecture ) is located in the Chugoku region on Honshu island, Japan. ...
Hiroshige Uragawa (1797-1858):Rice field in Hoki province Hoki (伯耆国; HÅki-no kuni) was an old province of Japan in the area that is today the western part of Tottori prefecture. ...
The Tottori Sand Dunes. ...
Kinds of Umpaku dialect Izumo (Japanese: 出雲国; Izumo no kuni) was an old province of Japan which today consists of the eastern part of Shimane prefecture in the Chugoku region. ...
Yonago (米子市; -shi) is a city located in the northwest of Tottori, Japan, facing the Sea of Japan, and adjacent to Shimane. ...
Izumo Izumo-ben, unique from both southern Shimane's Iwami-ben and Tottori-ben to the east, is a very thick dialect that superficially resembles Tohoku dialects and is thus also called "Zuu zuu ben". The most representative expressions from Izumo-ben include だんだん (dan-dan) to mean thank you, ちょんぼし (chonboshi) in place of すこし (sukoshi) and 晩じまして (banjimashite) as a greeting used an hour before or after sunset. けん (ken) is used in place of から (kara), even by younger speakers. ごす (gosu) is used in place of くれる (kureru) and おる (oru) is used in non-humble speech as in much of western Japan.
Shikoku Dialect
Kinds of Shikoku dialect Tokushima Prefecture ) is located on Shikoku island, Japan. ...
Awa Province can be: Awa Province (Chiba) (安房国) in modern-day Chiba Prefecture. ...
Kagawa Prefecture ) is located on Shikoku island, Japan. ...
Sanuki (讃å²å›½; -no kuni) was an old province of Japan on the island of Shikoku, with the same boundaries as modern Kagawa Prefecture. ...
The article incorporates text from OpenHistory. ...
Ehime agency Ehime Prefecture (愛媛県; Ehime-ken) is a prefecture in northwestern Shikoku, Japan. ...
KÅchi Prefecture ) is located on the south coast of Shikoku, Japan. ...
The article incorporates text from OpenHistory. ...
Hata ) is a district located in Kochi, Japan. ...
Iyo See main article: Iyo dialect The Iyo dialect ) of Japanese is spoken by people from Ehime Prefecture in Japan. ...
Iyo-ben is spoken in Ehime prefecture and is similar to Hiroshima-ben and other dialects in its use of けん (ken) for から (kara) ("because") and おる (oru) (and derivatives) for いる (iru). Some unique features of Iyo-ben include the use of が (ga) to replace the inquisitive か (ka), わい (wai) as a sentence-final particle similar to よ (yo), and more limited regional variations such as 〜てや (teya) for 〜だよ (dayo) (particular to Yawatahama). Ehime agency Ehime Prefecture (愛媛県; Ehime-ken) is a prefecture in northwestern Shikoku, Japan. ...
Yawatahama (ferry port), April 2002 Yawatahama ) is a city located in Ehime, Japan. ...
何しよるが？ (nani shiyoru ga?) What are you doing?
そうてや！ (sou te ya) Yeah, that's right!
Kyūshū
Hōnichi Dialect "Honichi" means "Buzen (Eastern of Fukuoka and Northern of Oita), Bungo (Southern of Oita) and Hyuga (Miyazaki)". Buzen (豊å‰å›½; -no kuni) was an old province of Japan in northern KyÅ«shÅ«, which bordered on Bungo and Chikuzen provinces. ...
Fukuoka Prefecture ) is located on Kyūshū Island, Japan. ...
Ōita Prefecture (大分県; Ōita-ken) is located on Kyushu Island, Japan. ...
Bungo (豊後国; Bungo no kuni) was a province of Japan in eastern Kyūshū. It bordered on Buzen, Hyuga, Higo, Chikugo, and Chikuzen Provinces. ...
The article incorporates text from OpenHistory. ...
Map of Miyazaki Prefecture. ...
Kinds of Hōnichi dialect Kitakyushu (北ä¹å·žå¸‚; KitakyÅ«shÅ«-shi, literally North KyÅ«shÅ«) is a city located in Fukuoka prefecture, KyÅ«shÅ«, Japan. ...
Ōita Prefecture ) is located on Kyūshū Island, Japan. ...
Map of Miyazaki Prefecture. ...
Miyazaki Miyazaki is most noted for its intonation, which is very different from that of standard Japanese. At times it can even seem to employ the opposite (inverse) pattern of intonation.
Miyazaki dialect shares similarities with other Kyūshū dialects such as:
と(to) replacing the question particle か(ka)
Examples of Miyazaki dialect include;
- っけ (kke) instead of the standard か (ka) in a forming a question.
- テゲ (tege) as opposed to とても (totemo) very (this word seems to be a borrowed-word from 大概(taigai, almost or ordinarily).
- サミ (sami) as opposed to さむい (samui) cold
- こせん (kosen) as opposed to でしょう (deshou) -isn't it?
今日はテゲサミこせん (Kyō wa tege sami kosen): Today's really cold, isn't it? - じゃがじゃが (jagajaga) That's right
The present continuous て(い)る (te(i)ru) being replaced by おと(oto)
何しょとっけ？ (nani shoto kke?) What are you doing?
東京にいっちょると？ (Tokyo ni icchoruto?) You're going to Tokyo?
Hichiku Dialect "Hichiku" means "Hizen (Saga and Nagasaki), Higo (Kumamoto), Chikuzen (Eastern of Fukuoka) and Chikugo (Southern of Fukuoka)" The article incorporates text from OpenHistory. ...
Saga Prefecture ) is located in the northwest part of the island of Kyūshū, Japan. ...
Oranda-zaka (Dutch Slope) in Nagasaki Castle in Shimabara The island of Hirado boasts a fine castle Nagasaki Prefecture (長崎県; Nagasaki-ken) is located on Kyushu island, Japan. ...
The article incorporates text from OpenHistory. ...
Kumamoto Prefecture (熊本県; Kumamoto-ken) is located on Kyushu Island, Japan. ...
Chikuzen (ç‘å‰å›½; Chikuzen no kuni) was an old province of Japan in the area that is today part of Fukuoka Prefecture on KyÅ«shÅ«, but without the southern and eastern parts of Fukuoka. ...
Fukuoka Prefecture ) is located on Kyūshū Island, Japan. ...
Chikugo (ç‘後国; Chikugo no kuni) was an old province of Japan in the area that is today the southern part of Fukuoka Prefecture, on KyÅ«shÅ«. Chikugo bordered on Hizen, Chikuzen, Bungo, and Higo Provinces. ...
Kinds of Hichiku dialect Fukuoka Prefecture ) is located on Kyūshū Island, Japan. ...
Hakata (博多区; -ku) is a ward in Fukuoka, Japan with a population of 176,585. ...
This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
Iizuka (飯塚市; -shi) is a city located at the confluence of the Honami and Onga rivers in central Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. ...
Saga Prefecture ) is located in the northwest part of the island of Kyūshū, Japan. ...
Oranda-zaka (Dutch Slope) in Nagasaki Castle in Shimabara The island of Hirado boasts a fine castle Nagasaki Prefecture (長崎県; Nagasaki-ken) is located on Kyushu island, Japan. ...
Illuminated by the Albuquerque Bridge, Japanese volunteers place candle lit lanterns into the Sasebo River during the Obon festival. ...
Kumamoto Prefecture (熊本県; Kumamoto-ken) is located on Kyushu Island, Japan. ...
Hita (日田市; -shi) is a city located in Oita, Japan. ...
Hakata Hakata-ben is the dialect of the Hakata of Fukuoka City. Throughout Japan, Hakata-ben is famous, amongst many other idiosyncrasies, for its use of -to? as a question, e.g., "What are you doing?", realized in Standard Japanese as nani o shite iru no?, is nanba shiyotto? or nan shitōtō in Hakata. Hakata-ben is also being welcomed more often in Fukuoka in areas like television interviews, where standard Japanese is typically expected. Hakata (博多区; -ku) is a ward in Fukuoka, Japan with a population of 176,585. ...
Masanobu Fukuoka, author of The One Straw Revolution, is the pioneer of No Till grain growing (see also permaculture) Fukuoka is also the name of two towns in Japan, Fukuoka, Toyama (in Toyama Prefecture) and Fukuoka, Gifu (in Gifu Prefecture) Central Fukuoka View of Momochi, Fukuoka. ...
Examples of Hakata-ben include:
- asoban instead of asobou; "let's have fun" (from an alternative simplification of Classical Japanese asobamu)
- bari instead of totemo "very"
- batten instead of demo, kedo "but"
- chikappai instead of monosugoku "extremely/best/very"
- da ken instead of da kara "therefore"
- shitōtchan instead of shiterunda "I'm doing it"
- ~shitōkiyo instead of shite kinasai "please do ~"; used with children
- sogyan kanji instead of sonna kanji "Like that."
- wakaran bai instead of wakaranai yo "I don't understand / don't get it."
- umaka/samuka/atsuka instead of umai/samui/atsui "tasty/cold/hot" (from an earlier *umaku ari/*samuku ari/*atuku ari)
- yokarōmon instead of ii deshō "good, don't you think?"
- yoka yo instead of ii ye "It's fine."
- tsuya-tukeru instead of kakko-tsukeru "to act cool"
Most other dialects in Kyūshū share much in common with Hakata-ben, but the dialect of Kagoshima is strikingly different from other Kyūshū dialects. The Classical Japanese language was the Japanese language as spoken and written during the Heian era of Japan, circa 900-1200 CE. It is the direct successor to the Old Japanese language and is characterized by an enormous influx of Chinese vocabulary and widespread changes in the phonology. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Kagoshima (鹿児島市; -shi) the capital city of Kagoshima Prefecture at the southwest tip of the Kyushu island of Japan. ...
Saga See main article: Saga dialect The Saga dialect ) is a dialect of the Japanese language widely spoken in Saga prefecture and some other areas, such as Isahaya. ...
Saga-ben has gained a certain amount of exposure recently, due to the movie "Gabai Bā-chan". The title itself is in Saga-ben.
Tsushima Tsushima-ben (Kanji : 対馬方言 or 対馬弁) is a Kyūshū dialect spoken within the Tsushima Subprefecture of Nagasaki Prefecture. Tsushima dialect is often unintelligible to speakers of standard Japanese, but can be understood by speakers of other Kyūshū dialects. Due to historical reasons and the geographical proximity of the Korean Peninsula, Tsushima-ben has borrowed many words from Korean. Japanese writing Kanji Kana Hiragana Katakana Hentaigana ManyÅgana Uses Furigana Okurigana RÅmaji ) are the Chinese characters that are used in the modern Japanese logographic writing system along with hiragana (平仮å), katakana (片仮å), and the Arabic numerals. ...
Tsushima subprefecture is located in Nagasaki, Japan. ...
Some Japanese prefectures are divided into branch offices. ...
Oranda-zaka (Dutch Slope) in Nagasaki Castle in Shimabara The island of Hirado boasts a fine castle Nagasaki Prefecture (長崎県; Nagasaki-ken) is located on Kyushu island, Japan. ...
The Korean Peninsula is a peninsula in East Asia. ...
Korean loanwords in Tsushima dialect | Tsushima dialect | Korean derivation | Standard Japanese | English gloss | ヤンバン
yanban | 양반兩班
yangban | 大地主
ōjinushi | Landlord, land-owner
(Note that in Korean yangban is a Korean elite class) | チング, チングィ
chingu, chingui | 친구親旧
chingu | 友達
tomodachi | Friend | トーマンカッタ
tōmankatta | 도망갔다
domang gatta | 夜逃げ
yonige | Escaping at night (or running from debt)
(Note that the Korean source, domang gatta, is actually a verbal phrase meaning "ran away; escaped") | ハンガチ
hangachi | 한가지
hangaji | ひとつ
hitotsu | One (item)
(Note that the Korean word actually means "one kind, one type, a sort (of)") | チョコマン
chokoman | 조그만
jogeuman | 小さい
chīsai | Small | バッチ
bacchi | 바지
baji | ズボン
zubon | Pants | The Yangban were a well educated scholarly class of male Confucian scholars who were part of the ruling elite within Korea prior to 1945 and the republics period of Korean history. ...
The Yangban were a well educated scholarly class of male Confucian scholars who were part of the ruling elite within Korea prior to 1945 and the republics period of Korean history. ...
Satsugū Dialect "Satsugu" means "Satsuma (Wastern of Kagoshima) and Osumi (Eastern of Kagoshima)" Satsuma (薩摩国; -no Kuni) was an old province of Japan that is now the western half of Kagoshima prefecture on the island of Kyushu. ...
Kinds of Satsugū dialect - Satsuma
- Osumi
- Morogata (Southwesternmost of Miyazaki)
Satsuma Satsuma-ben, the dialect of Satsuma area of Kagoshima prefecture, is often called "unintelligible" because of distinct conjugations of words and significantly different vocabulary. As the farthest place from Kyoto, it is likely that divergences in dialect were accumulated in Satsuma making it sound relatively distinct. There are several different dialect regions within Kagoshima prefecture. Satsuma (薩摩国; -no Kuni) was an old province of Japan that is now the western half of Kagoshima prefecture on the island of Kyushu. ...
Kagoshima Prefecture ) is located on Kyūshū island, Japan. ...
There is a story, told both inside and outside Kagoshima, that Kagoshima dialect was consciously and deliberately developed as a way of protecting against spies from other parts of Japan during the Edo period when many samurai noblemen lived within Kagoshima and conducted important business within it. The Edo period ), also called Tokugawa period, is a division of Japanese history running from 1603 to 1868. ...
Ryūkyū Specialists agree that the speech of the Ryukyu Islands (the islands of Okinawa Prefecture and some of the islands of Kagoshima Prefecture) is not a dialect of the Japanese language; rather, it comprises a separate branch of the Japonic family. In this view, Japonic is split into two groups: Japanese, spoken throughout the Japanese islands, and Ryukyuan, found in the Ryukyu Islands, south of Kyūshū. Even so, there is great diversity within Japanese, and even greater within Ryukyuan, and many native speakers from one area of Japan can find the speech of another area virtually unintelligible. There has also developed in the Ryūkyūs a dialect called Okinawan Japanese which is close to Standard Japanese, but which is influenced by Ryukyuan languages. For example, "deeji" may be said sometimes instead of "taihen", or "haisai" instead of "konnichiwa". Location of Ryukyu Islands The Ryukyu Islands, in Japanese called the Nansei Islands ) are a chain of Japanese islands in the western Pacific Ocean at the eastern limit of the East China Sea. ...
“Okinawa†redirects here. ...
Kagoshima Prefecture ) is located on Kyūshū island, Japan. ...
The Japonic languages or Japanese-Ryukyuan languages constitute a language family that is agreed to have descended from a common ancestral language known as Proto-Japonic or Proto-Japanese-Ryukyuan. ...
The Ryukyuan languages are spoken in the Ryukyu Islands and in Japans Kagoshima Prefecture, and make up a subfamily of the Japonic language family. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
As opposed to the Ryukyuan languages, Okinawan Japanese is the Japanese language as spoken by people of Okinawa, with a distinct accent. ...
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