Japanese painting (絵画, Kaiga^?) is one of the oldest and most highly refined of the Japanese arts, encompassing a wide variety on genre and styles. As with the history of Japanese arts in general, the history Japanese painting is a long history of synthesis and competition between native Japanese aesthetics and adaptation of imported ideas. Bronze statue of Amida Buddha at Kotokuin in Kamakura (1252 CE) Japanese art covers a wide range of art styles and media, including ancient pottery, sculpture in wood and bronze, ink painting on silk and paper, and a myriad of other types of works of art. ... Japanese aesthetics has no single, unified basis. ...

Ancient Japan

The origins of painting in Japan date well back into Japan's prehistoric period. Simple stick figures and geometric designs can be found on Jōmon period pottery and Yayoi period (300 BC – 300 AD) dotaku bronze bells. Mural paintings with both geometric and figurative designs have been found in numerous tumulus from the Kofun period (300-700 AD). The Kofun period ) is an era in the history of Japan from around 250 to 538. ... The Japanese Paleolithic ) covers a period from around 100,000 [citation needed] to 30,000 BCE, when the earliest stone tool implements have been found, to around 12,000 BCE, at the end of the last Ice-age, which corresponds to the beginning of the Mesolithic Jomon Period. ... The following text needs to be harmonized with text in the article History of Japan#Jomon Period. ... The following text needs to be harmonized with text in the article History of Japan#Yayoi Period. ... A Yayoi period Dōtaku, 3rd century CE. Dōtaku ) are Japanese bells smelted from relatively thin bronze and richly decorated. ... Salle des illustres, ceiling painting, by Jean André Rixens. ... A tumulus (plural tumuli, from the Latin word for mound or small hill, from the root to bulge, swell also found in ) is a mound of earth and stones raised over a grave or graves. ... The Kofun period ) is an era in the history of Japan from around 250 to 538. ...

With the introduction of the Chinese writing system (kanji), Chinese modes of governmental administration and with the introduction of Buddhism in the Asuka period, many art works were imported into Japan from China via the Korean peninsula and local copies in similar styles began to be produced. Japanese writing Kanji Kana Hiragana Katakana Hentaigana Manyōgana Uses Furigana Okurigana Rōmaji   ) are the Chinese characters that are used in the modern Japanese logographic writing system along with hiragana (平仮名), katakana (片仮名), and the Arabic numerals. ... A silhouette of a Buddha statue at Ayutthaya, Thailand. ... The following text needs to be harmonized with text in the article History of Japan#Yamato period. ... The Korean Peninsula is a peninsula in East Asia. ...

Nara period

Mural painting from the Takamatsuzuka Tomb

With the spread of Buddhism in 6th and 7th century Japan, painting of religious imagery flourished to decorate the numerous temples erected by the ruling classes. However, Nara period Japan was more strongly characterized by the art of sculpture, rather than painting. The Nara period ) of the history of Japan covers the years from about AD 710 to 784. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 400 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (480 × 720 pixel, file size: 413 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Faithful reproductions of two-dimensional original works cannot attract copyright in the U.S. according to the rule in Bridgeman Art Library v. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 400 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (480 × 720 pixel, file size: 413 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Faithful reproductions of two-dimensional original works cannot attract copyright in the U.S. according to the rule in Bridgeman Art Library v. ... A silhouette of a Buddha statue at Ayutthaya, Thailand. ... Japanese sculpture derived from Shinto funerary and Buddhist religious arts. ...

The earliest surviving paintings from this period include the murals on the walls of the temple of Horyu-ji in Ikaruga, Nara, illustrating episodes from the life of Buddha, the Bodhisattvas, and various minor deities. The style is reminiscent of Chinese paintings from the Sui dynasty or the late Sixteen Kingdoms period. However, by the mid-Nara period, paintings in the style of the Tang dynasty became very popular. These also include the wall murals in the Takamatsuzuka Tomb, dating from around 700 AD. This style evolved into the (Kara-e) genre, which remained popular through the early Heian period. Salle des illustres, ceiling painting, by Jean André Rixens. ... Horyu-ji. ... Categories: Towns in Nara Prefecture | Japan geography stubs ... Media:Example. ... Prince Siddhartha Gautama as a bodhisattva, before becoming a Buddha. ... Wall scroll painted by Ma Lin in 1246. ... The Sui Dynasty of China amongst the Asian, African, and European spheres of the world, 600 AD. The Sui Dynasty (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; 581-618 AD[1]) followed the Southern and Northern Dynasties and preceded the Tang Dynasty in China. ... The Sixteen Kingdoms, or less commonly the Sixteen States, were a collection of numerous short-lived sovereignities in the China proper and neighboring areas from AD 304 to 439 after the retreat of the Jin Dynasty (265-420) to South China and before the establishment of the Northern Dynasties. ... For the band, see Tang Dynasty (band). ... Takamatsuzuka Tomb has beautiful mural painting The Takamatsuzuka Tomb ) or Tall Pine Tree Ancient Burial Mound in Japanese is an ancient tomb of circular shape located in Asuka village, Nara prefecture, Japan. ... The following text needs to be harmonized with text in the article History of Japan#Heian Period. ...

As most of the paintings in the Nara periods are religious in nature, the vast majority are by anonymous artists. A large collection of Nara period art is preserved at the Shosoin storehouse, formerly owned The Shōsōin (正倉院) is a structure at Tōdai-ji in Nara, Japan. ...

by Todai-ji, and now under the control of the Imperial Household Agency. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Shōsō-in (Tōdai-ji). ... Imperial Household Agency building on the grounds of the Imperial Palace in Tokyo The Imperial Household Agency ) is a government agency of Japan in charge of the state matters concerning Japans imperial family and also keeping the Privy Seal and the State Seal. ...

Heian and Kamakura periods

With the development of the esoteric Buddhist sects of Shingon and Tendai in 8th and 9th century Japan, religious imagery, most notably painted Mandala became predominant. Numerous versions of Mandala, especially the Diamond Realm Mandala and the Womb Realm Mandala, were created as hanging scrolls, and also as murals on the walls of temples. A noted early example is at the five-story pagoda of Daigo-ji, a temple south of Kyoto. The following text needs to be harmonized with text in the article History of Japan#Heian Period. ... The following text needs to be harmonized with text in the article History of Japan#Kamakura Period. ... Japanese Buddhist priest c. ... Shingon (真言宗) is a major school of Japanese Buddhism, and the most important school of Vajrayana Buddhism outside of the Himalayan region. ... Tendai (Japanese: 天台宗, Tendai-shÅ«) is a Japanese school of Mahayana Buddhism, a descendant of the Chinese Tiantai or Lotus Sutra school. ... For the film, see Mandala (film). ... In Vajrayana Buddhism, the Diamond Realm (Skt. ... Center of a Garbhadhatu mandala, representing Vairocana Buddha surrounded by eight Buddhas and bodhisattvas (clockwise from top: Ratnaketu, Samantabhadra, Samkusumitaraja, Manjusri, Amitabha, Avalokitesvara, Dundubhinirghosa, Maitreya) In Vajrayana Buddhism, the Womb Realm (Skt. ... A kakemono ), more commonly referred to as a kakejiku ) is a Japanese scroll painting or calligraphy mounted with brocade fabric edges on a flexible backing, so that it can be rolled for storage. ... Salle des illustres, ceiling painting, by Jean André Rixens. ... A pagoda at Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia This article is about the building style. ... The five-story pagoda is a national treasure of Japan. ... Kyoto )   is a city in the central part of the island of HonshÅ«, Japan. ...

With the continuing evolution of Japanese Buddhism towards the Pure Land forms of the Jodo sect in the 10th century, and important new genre was added: the raigozu, which depicts the Buddha Amida arriving to welcome the souls of the faithful to his Western Paradise. A noted early example dating from 1053 exists at the Byodo-in, temple in Uji, Kyoto. This is also considered one early example of Yamato-e Japanese-style painting, which contains representations of the scenery around Kyoto. Japanese Buddhist priest c. ... The Buddha Amitabha, 13th century, Kamakura, Japan. ... Jodo (Japanese:杖術), or Jojutsu, is a Japanese martial art using staves (jo), similar to bojutsu, in defense against the Japanese sword. ... A raigō ) (welcoming approach) is an appearance of Amida Buddha on a purple cloud at the time of ones death. ... Amida can mean: Amida is the Japanese name of a popular Buddhist deity. ... Byodoin Phoenix Hall Japanese 10 yen coin (obverse) showing Phoenix Hall of Byōdō-in The head of the Jōchō statue of Amida is visible in this photo of the Phoenix Hall. ... Byodoin Uji (Japanese: 宇治市; -shi) is a city on the southern outskirts of the city of Kyoto, in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. ... Yamato-e (大和絵) is a style of Japanese painting inspired by Zen Buddhism and developed in the late Heian period. ...

Panel from the Tale of Genji handscroll (detail)

Night Attack on Sanjo Palace

By the mid-Heian period, the (kara-e) Chinese style of painting had lost ground to Yamato-e which were initially used primarily for sliding screens and byobu folding screens. However, Yamato-e also developed into new formats, (especially towards the end of the Heian period) including the emakimono hand scroll. Emakimono encompassed illustrated novels, such as the Genji Monogatari , historical works, such as the Ban Dainagon Ekotoba , and religious works. E-maki artists devised systems of pictorial conventions that convey visually the emotional content of each scene. The Genji Monogtari is organized into discreet episodes, whereas the more lively Ban Dainagon Ekotoba uses a continuous narrative illustration which emphasizes figures in active motion depicted in rapidly executed brush strokes and thin but vibrant colors. The Siege of the Sanjō Palace is another famous example of this style. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (940x528, 105 KB) Summary A scene(AZUMA YA: East Wing) of Illustrated scroll of Tale of Genji (witten by MURASAKI SHIKIBU(11th cent. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (940x528, 105 KB) Summary A scene(AZUMA YA: East Wing) of Illustrated scroll of Tale of Genji (witten by MURASAKI SHIKIBU(11th cent. ... Image File history File links NightAttackSanjoPalace(detail). ... Image File history File links NightAttackSanjoPalace(detail). ... A six-panels byōbu from the 17th century Byōbu (屏風, literally wind wall) are Japanese folding screens made from several joined panels, with decorative paintings and calligraphy, used to separate interiors, and enclose private spaces, amid other uses. ... Panel from the Tale of Genji handscroll (detail) Emakimono ), often simply called emaki (絵巻), is a horizontal, illustrated narrative form created during the 11th to 16th centuries in Japan. ... Genji Monogatari (源氏物語), frequently translated as The Tale of Genji, is a classic work of Japanese literature attributed to the Japanese noblewoman Murasaki Shikibu in the early 11th century, around the peak of the Heian period. ... Ban Dainagon Ekotoba (伴大納言絵詞), or The Tale of Great Minister Ban, is an emakimono (handscroll painting) depicting the events of the ÅŒtemmon Conspiracy, an event of Japans early Heian period. ... Ban Dainagon Ekotoba (伴大納言絵詞), or The Tale of Great Minister Ban, is an emakimono (handscroll painting) depicting the events of the ÅŒtemmon Conspiracy, an event of Japans early Heian period. ... Combatants Minamoto Clan, with Fujiwara no Nobuyori Taira Clan, with Fujiwara no Michinori Commanders Minamoto no Yoshitomo Taira no Kiyomori Strength 500? Unknown The Siege of the Sanjō Palace was the primary battle of the 1159 Heiji Rebellion. ...

E-maki also serve as some of the earliest and greatest examples of the otoko-e (Men's pictures) and onna-e (Women's pictures) styles of painting. There are many fine differences in the two styles, appealing to the aesthetic preferences of the genders. But perhaps most easily noticeable are the differences in subject matter. Onna-e, epitomized by the Tale of Genji handscroll, typically deals with court life, particularly the court ladies, and with romantic themes. Otoko-e, on the other hand, often recorded historical events, particularly battles.

These genres continued on through Kamakura period Japan from 1180-1333. E-maki of various kinds continued to be produced; however, the Kamakura period was much more strongly characterized by the art of sculpture, rather than painting. Japanese sculpture derived from Shinto funerary and Buddhist religious arts. ...

As most of the paintings in the Heian and Kamakura periods are religious in nature, the vast majority are by anonymous artists.

Muromachi period

Pine Trees by Hasegawa Tohaku

Landscape by Sesshu Toyo

During the 14th century, the development of the great Zen monasteries in Kamakura and Kyoto had a major impact on the visual arts. Suibokuga, an austere monochrome style of ink painting introduced from Sung and Yuan dynasty China largely replaced the polychrome scroll paintings of the previous period, although some polychrome portraiture remained – primary in the form of chinso paintings of Zen monks.Typical of such painting is the depiction by the priest-painter Kao of the legendary monk Kensu (Hsien-tzu in Chinese) at the moment he achieved enlightenment. This type of painting was executed with quick brush strokes and a minimum of detail. The Muromachi period (Japanese: 室町時代, Muromachi-jidai, also known as the Muromachi era, the Muromachi bakufu, the Ashikaga era, the Ashikaga period, or the Ashikaga bakufu) is a division of Japanese history running from approximately 1336 to 1573. ... Download high resolution version (1129x495, 92 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (1129x495, 92 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... For other uses, see Zen (disambiguation). ... Kamakura can refer to: Kamakura, Kanagawa, a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan The Kamakura Shogunate The Kamakura period in the History of Japan The Kamakura family name in Japan Kamakura Great Buddha, the Great Buddha of Kamakura Kamakura, a fictional character from the G.I. Joe series Category: ... Kyoto )   is a city in the central part of the island of HonshÅ«, Japan. ... Ink and wash painting is an East Asian type of brush painting. ... The art of brush painting using brush and ink is of Chinese origin, but has developed extensively throughout the region. ... Northern Song in 1111 AD Capital Kaifeng (960–1127) Linan (1127–1276) Language(s) Chinese Religion Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism Government Monarchy Emperor  - 960-976 Emperor Taizu  - 1126–1127 Emperor Qinzong  - 1127–1162 Emperor Gaozong  - 1278–1279 Emperor Bing History  - Zhao Kuangyin taking over the throne of the Later Zhou... Capital Dadu Language(s) Mongolian Chinese Government Monarchy Emperor  - 1260-1294 Kublai Khan  - 1333-1370 (Cont. ... Kao (active early 15th century) was a Japanese priest-painter whose work is considered typical of early Muromachi painting. ...

'Catching a Catfish with a Gourd' (located at Taizo-in, Myoshin-ji, Kyoto), by the priest-painter Josetsu, marks a turning point in Muromachi painting. In the foreground a man is depicted on the bank of a stream holding a small gourd and looking at a large slithery catfish. Mist fills the middle ground, and the background, mountains appear to be far in the distance. It is generally assumed that the "new style" of the painting, executed about 1413, refers to a more Chinese sense of deep space within the picture plane Taizo-in at Myoshin-ji Myōshin-ji is a temple complex in Kyoto, Japan. ... Taiko Josetsu was one of the first suiboku style zen buddhist Japanese painters in the Muromachi Period (15th century). ...

By the end of the 14th century, monochrome landscape paintings (sansuiga) had found patronage by the ruling Ashikaga family and was the preferred genre among Zen painters, gradually evolving from its Chinese roots to a more Japanese style. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Ashikaga (足利市; -shi) is a city located in Tochigi, Japan. ...

The foremost artists of the Muromachi period are the priest-painters Shubun and Sesshu. Shubun, a monk at the Kyoto temple of Shokoku-ji, created in the painting 'Reading in a Bamboo Grove’ a realistic landscape with deep recession into space. Sesshu, unlike most artists of the period, was able to journey to China and study Chinese painting at its source. 'The Long Handscroll' is one of Sesshu's most accomplished works, depicting a continuing landscape through the four seasons. Shubun, Reading in a Bamboo Grove, dated 1446. ... Shukei-sansui (Autumn Landscape), by Sesshu Toyo Sesshu Toyo (雪舟 等楊), 1420-1506, is one of the most prominent masters of suiboku (ink painting), and a Zen Buddhist priest. ...

In the late Muromachi period, ink painting had migrated out of the Zen monasteries into the art world in general, as artists from the Kano school and the Ami school adopted the style and themes, but introducing a more plastic and decorative effect that would continue into modern times. Kanō school (狩野派 Kanō-ha) is a school of professional artists in Japan. ...

Important artists in the Muromachi period Japan include:

• Mokkei (circa 1250)
• Mokuan Reien (d.1345)
• Kao Ninga (e.14th century)
• Mincho (1352-1431)
• Josetsu (1405-1423)
• Tensho Shubun(d.1460)
• Sesshu Toyo (1420-1506)
• Kano Masanobu (1434-1530)
• Kano Motonobu (1476-1559)

The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. ... Taiko Josetsu was one of the first suiboku style zen buddhist Japanese painters in the Muromachi Period (15th century). ... Shubun, Reading in a Bamboo Grove, dated 1446. ... Shukei-sansui (Autumn Landscape), by Sesshu Toyo Sesshu Toyo (雪舟 等楊 Sesshū Tōyō, lit. ... Kanō Masanobu (1434 - 1530, Kyoto) was the chief painter of the Ashikaga shogunate and the founder of the Kanō school of painting. ... Kanō Motonobu (1476-1559) was a Japanese painter. ...

Azuchi-Momoyama period

Screen detail depicting arrival of a Western ship, attributed to Kanō Naizen (1570–1616).

In sharp contrast to the previous Muromachi period, the Azuchi Momoyama period was characterized by a grandiose polychrome style, with extensive use of gold and silver foil, and by works on a very large scale. The Kano school, patronized by Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, Tokugawa Ieyasu, and their followers and gained tremendously in size and prestige. Kano Eitoku developed a formula for the creation of monumental landscapes on the sliding doors enclosing a room. These huge screens and wall paintings were commissioned to decorate the castles and palaces of the military nobility. This status continued into the subsequent Edo period, as the Tokugawa bakufu continued to promote the works of the Kano school as the officially sanctioned art for the Shogun, daimyo, and Imperial court. The Azuchi-Momoyama period (Japanese: 安土桃山時代, Azuchi-Momoyama-jidai) is a division of Japanese history running from approximately 1568 to 1600. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 662 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (2618 × 2370 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 662 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (2618 × 2370 pixel, file size: 1. ... Detail of a namban screen attributed to Naizen. ... GOLD refers to one of the following: GOLD (IEEE) is an IEEE program designed to garner more student members at the university level (Graduates of the Last Decade). ... This article is about the chemical element. ... Kanō school (狩野派 Kanō-ha) is a school of professional artists in Japan. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... This is a Japanese name; the family name is Toyotomi Toyotomi Hideyoshi ) February 2, 1536 or March 26, 1537 – September 18, 1598) was a sengoku daimyo who unified Japan. ... Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu The Tokugawa clan crest This is a Japanese name; the family name is Tokugawa Tokugawa Ieyasu (previously spelled Iyeyasu) January 31, 1543 – June 1, 1616) was the founder and first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan which ruled from the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 until... Kano Eitoku (狩野 永徳 Kanō Eitoku, 1543-1590) was a Japanese painter and founder of the Kano school of Japanese-style painting during the Azuchi-Momoyama period of Japanese history. ... The Tokugawa shogunate or Tokugawa bakufu (徳川幕府) (also known as the Edo bakufu) was a feudal military dictatorship of Japan established in 1603 by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family until 1868. ... Minamoto no Yoritomo, the first shogun of the Kamakura shogunate Shōgun )   is supreme general of the samurai,a military rank and historical title in Japan. ... Daimyo Matsudaira Katamori visits the residence of a retainer. ... Emperor Akihito and Empress Michiko of Japan. ...

However, non-Kano school artists and currents existed and developed during the Azuchi-Momoyama period as well, adapting Chinese themes to Japanese materials and aesthetics. One important group was the Tosa school, which developed primarily out of the yamato-e tradition, and which was known mostly for small scale works and illustrations of literary classics in book or emaki format. The Parthenons facade showing an interpretation of golden rectangles in its proportions. ... Introduction Bamboo in the Four Seasons, Muromachi period (1392–1573) Attributed to Tosa Mitsunobu (1434–1535) Pair of six-panel folding screens; color, ink, and gold on paper; 174. ...

Important artists in the Azuchi-Momoyama period include:

• Kano Eitoku (1543-1590)
• Kano Sanraku (1559-1663)
• Kano Tanyu (1602-1674)
• Hasegawa Tohaku (1539-1610)
• Kaiho Yusho (1533-1615)

Kano Eitoku (狩野 永徳 Kanō Eitoku, 1543-1590) was a Japanese painter and founder of the Kano school of Japanese-style painting during the Azuchi-Momoyama period of Japanese history. ... A 1672 work by TanyÅ«, from the Freer Gallery of Art. ... Hasegawa Tōhaku (長谷川 等伯 Hasegawa Tōhaku, 1539-1610) was a Japanese painter and founder of the Hasegawa school of Japanese-style painting during the Azuchi-Momoyama period of Japanese history. ... Kaiho Yusho ) (1533-1615) Kaiho Yusho, the son of Kaiho Tsunachika, who was a retainer under the Asai clan of Omi province. ...

Edo period

Scroll calligraphy of Bodhidharma “Zen points directly to the human heart, see into your nature and become Buddha”, by Hakuin Ekaku (1685 to 1768)

Wind God by Ogata Korin

Many art historians show the Edo period as a continuation of the Azuchi-Momoyama period. Certainly, during the early Edo period, many of the previous trends in painting continued to be popular; however, a number of new trends also emerged. The Edo period ), also called Tokugawa period, is a division of Japanese history running from 1603 to 1868. ... This Japanese scroll calligraphy of Bodhidharma reads “Zen points directly to the human heart, see into your nature and become Buddha”. It was created by Hakuin Ekaku (1685 to 1768) The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United... This Japanese scroll calligraphy of Bodhidharma reads “Zen points directly to the human heart, see into your nature and become Buddha”. It was created by Hakuin Ekaku (1685 to 1768) The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United... Bodhidharma (or Tat Moh)(fl. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 483 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (835 × 1036 pixel, file size: 204 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Ogata Korin, Wind God Edo Period Faithful reproductions of two-dimensional original works cannot attract copyright in the U.S. according to the rule in Bridgeman... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 483 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (835 × 1036 pixel, file size: 204 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Ogata Korin, Wind God Edo Period Faithful reproductions of two-dimensional original works cannot attract copyright in the U.S. according to the rule in Bridgeman...

One very significant school which arose in the early Edo period was the Rimpa school, which used classical themes, but presented them in a bold, and lavishly decorative format. Sōtatsu in particular evolved a decorative style by re-creating themes from classical literature, using brilliantly colored figures and motifs from the natural world set against gold-leaf backgrounds. A century later, Korin reworked Sōtatsu's style and created visually gorgeous works uniquely his own. Spring Landscape, unknown Rimpa school painter, 18th century, six-screen ink and gold on paper. ...

Another important genre which began during Azuchi-Momoyama period, but which reached its full development during the early Edo period was Namban art, both in the depiction of exotic foreigners and in the use of the exotic foreigner style in painting. This genre was centered around the port of Nagasaki, which after the start of the national seclusion policy of the Tokugawa bakufu was the only Japanese port left open to foreign trade, and was thus the conduit by which Chinese and European artistic influences came to Japan. Paintings in this genre include Nagasaki school paintings, and also the Maruyama-Shijo school, which combine Chinese and Western influences with traditional Japanese elements. History of Japan Paleolithic Jomon Yayoi Yamato period ---Kofun period ---Asuka period Nara period Heian period Kamakura period Muromachi period Azuchi-Momoyama period ---Nanban period Edo period Meiji period Taisho period Showa period ---Japanese expansionism ---Occupied Japan ---Post-Occupation Japan Heisei The Nanban period of Japanese history extends from the... Nagasaki ) ( ) is the capital and the largest city of Nagasaki Prefecture in Japan. ... The following text needs to be harmonized with text in the article History of Japan#Seclusion. ... The Tokugawa shogunate or Tokugawa bakufu (徳川幕府) (also known as the Edo bakufu) was a feudal military dictatorship of Japan established in 1603 by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family until 1868. ... Pine, Bamboo, Plum by Maruyama ÅŒkyo. ...

A third important trend in the Edo period was the rise of the Bunjinga (literati painting) genre, also known as the Nanga school (Southern Painting school). This genre started as an imitation of the works of Chinese scholar-amateur painters of the Yuan dynasty, whose works and techniques came to Japan in the mid 18th century. Later bunjinga artists considerably modified both the techniques and the subject matter of this genre to create a blending of Japanese and Chinese styles. The exemplars of this style are Ike no Taiga, Yosa Buson, Tanomura Chikuden, and Yamamoto Baiitsu. Fish in Spring by Ike no Taiga. ... Fish in Spring by Ike no Taiga. ... Capital Dadu Language(s) Mongolian Chinese Government Monarchy Emperor  - 1260-1294 Kublai Khan  - 1333-1370 (Cont. ... Fish in Spring, Cleveland Museum of Art Ike no Taiga (池大雅)(1723–1776) was a Japanese painter and calligrapher born in Kyoto during the Edo period. ... Grave of Buson Yosa Buson, or Yosa no Buson (与謝蕪村, 1716 – December 25, 1784), was a Japanese poet and painter from the Edo period. ... Detail of Boating on the Inagawa river (1829). ...

Due to the Tokugawa bakufu's policies of fiscal and social austerity, the luxurious modes of these genre and styles were largely limited to the upper strata of society, and were unavailable, if not actually forbidden to the lower classes. The common people developed a separate type of art, the fuzokuga, in which painting depicting scenes from common, everyday life, especially that of the common people, kabuki theatre, prostitutes and landscapes were popular. These paintings in the 16th century gave rise to the semi-mass produced woodcut print, or ukiyoe, which was one of the defining media of the mid to late Edo period. The Tokugawa shogunate or Tokugawa bakufu (徳川幕府) (also known as the Edo bakufu) was a feudal military dictatorship of Japan established in 1603 by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family until 1868. ... The oldest Kabuki theatre in Japan: the Minamiza in Kyoto The Kabukiza in Ginza is one of Tokyos leading kabuki theaters. ... Ukiyo-e (浮世絵, a Japanese term meaning pictures of the floating world) is a style of painting, but is more commonly associated with a type of woodcut printmaking that became popular in Japan in the 18th and 19th centuries. ...

Important artists in the Edo period include:

• Tawaraya Sotatsu (d.1643)
• Ogata Korin (1658-1716)
• Maruyama Okyo (1733-1795)
• Matsumura Goshun (1752-1811)
• Ito Jakuchu (1716-1800)
• Gion Nankai (1677-1751)
• Sakaki Hyakusen (1697-1752)
• Yanagisawa Kien (1704-1758)
• Ike no Taiga ((1723-1776)
• Yosa Buson (1716-1783)
• Uragami Gyokudo (1745-1820)
• Okada Beisanjin (1744-1820)
• Tanomura Chikuden (1777-1835)
• Yamamoto Baiitsu (1783-1856)
• Tomioka Tessai (1836-1924)

Ogata Korin (尾形 光琳, ca. ... Crows, 1766; pair of six-fold screens; ink and gold on paper. ... Hibiscus and blue heron on a tree stump (1782) Matsumura Goshun (1752-1811[1]) was a Japanese painter of the Edo period. ... Itō JakuchÅ« (伊藤若冲)(1716-1800) was an Eccentric Japanese painter of the mid-Edo period. ... Fish in Spring, Cleveland Museum of Art Ike no Taiga (池大雅)(1723–1776) was a Japanese painter and calligrapher born in Kyoto during the Edo period. ... Grave of Buson Yosa Buson, or Yosa no Buson (与謝蕪村, 1716 – December 25, 1784), was a Japanese poet and painter from the Edo period. ... Uragami Gyokudo (1745 - October 10, 1820) was a Japanese musician, painter, and calligrapher. ... Okada Beisanjin (1744- October 15, 1820), also known as Hikobe, was a Japanese painter. ... Detail of Boating on the Inagawa river (1829). ... Tomioka Tessai (富岡鉄斎)(1836 - 1924) was a Japanese painter and calligrapher. ...

Meiji period

Kuroda Seiki, Lakeside, 1897, oil on canvas, Kuroda Memorial Hall, Tokyo

During the Meiji period, Japan underwent a tremendous political and social change in the course of the westernization and modernization campaign organized by the new Meiji government. The Meiji period was marked by the division of art into competing western styles and traditional indigenous styles. The Meiji period ), or Meiji era, denotes the 45-year reign of Emperor Meiji, running, in the Gregorian calendar, from 23 October 1868 to 30 July 1912. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... For other uses, see Tokyo (disambiguation). ... The Meiji period ), or Meiji era, denotes the 45-year reign of Emperor Meiji, running, in the Gregorian calendar, from 23 October 1868 to 30 July 1912. ... Emperor Mutsuhito Mutsuhito or Mitsuhito (睦仁), the Meiji Emperor (明治天皇, literally wise ruling heaven emperor) (3 November 1852–30 July 1912) was the 122nd Emperor of Japan. ...

Western style painting (Yōga) was officially promoted by the government, who sent promising young artists abroad for studies, and who hired foreign artists to come to Japan to establish an art curriculum at Japanese schools. Yōga ) or literally Western-style paintings is a term used to describe paintings by Japanese artists that have been made in accordance with Western (European) traditional conventions, techniques and materials. ... The o-yatoi gaikokujin (Japanese: お雇い外国人 — hired foreigners, foreign employees) were foreign specialists, engineers, teachers, mercenaries and more, hired to assist in the modernization of Japan. ...

However, after an initial burst for western style art, the pendulum swung in the opposite direction, and led by art critic Okakura Kakuzo and educator Ernest Fenollosa, there was a revival of appreciation for traditional Japanese styles (Nihonga). In the 1880, western style art was banned from official exhibitions and was severely criticized by critics. Supported by Okakura and Fenollosa, the Nihonga style evolved with influences from the European pre-Raphaelite movement and European romanticism. An art critic is normally a person who have a speciality in giving reviews mainly of the types of fine art you will find on display. Typically the art critic will go to an art exhibition where works of art are displayed in the traditional way in localities especially made... Okakura Tenshin (岡倉 天心, February 14, 1863 - September 2, 1913) was a Japanese scholar who contributed the development of arts in Japan. ... Title page of Cathay, poems by Ezra Pound, 1915, based on translations by Ernest Fenollosa. ... Nihonga (日本画) is a Japanese school of watercolor painting which utilizes mineral pigments known as Iwa Enogu (岩絵の具). Japanese nihonga artists from the Meiji, Taisho, Showa and Heisei periods are listed below. ... The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood was a group of English painters, poets and critics, founded in 1848 by John Everett Millais, Dante Gabriel Rossetti and William Holman Hunt. ... Romantics redirects here. ...

The Yōga style painters formed the Meiji Bijutsukai (Meiji Fine Arts Society) to hold its own exhibitions and to promote a renewed interest in western art.

Yoritomo in a Cave by Maeda Seison

In 1907, with the establishment of the Bunten under the aegis of the Ministry of Education, both competing groups found mutual recognition and co-existence, and even began the process towards mutual synthesis. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The Japan Art Academy Japan Art Academy ) is the highest ranking artistic organization in Japan. ... Office building The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology ), also known as MEXT, is one of the ministries of the Japanese government. ...

Important artists in the Meiji period include:

• Harada Naojiro (1863-1899)
• Yamamoto Hosui (1850-1906)
• Asai Chu (1856-1907)
• Kano Hogai (1828-1888)
• Hashimoto Gaho (1835-1908)
• Kuroda Seiki (1866-1924)
• Wada Eisaku (1874-1959)
• Okada Saburosuke (1869-1939)
• Sakamoto Hanjiro (1882-1962)
• Aoki Shigeru (1882-1911)
• Fujishima Takeji (1867-1943)

• Hishida Shunso 1874-1911
• Kawai Gyokudo 1873-1957
• Maeda Seison 1885-1977
• Shimomura Kanzan 1873-1930
• Takeuchi Seiho 1864-1942
• Tomioka Tessai 1837-1924
• Uemura Shoen 1875-1949
• Yokoyama Taikan 1868-1958

Kanō Hōgai (狩野芳崖)(1828-1888) was a 19th century Japanese painter of the Kano school. ... Hashimoto Gaho (橋本 雅邦 Hashimoto Gahō; 1835 - 1908) was a Japanese painter. ... This is a Japanese name; the family name is Kuroda Viscount Kuroda Seiki , 29 June 1866- 15 July 1924) was the pseudonym of a Japanese painter and teacher, noted for bringing Western theories about art to a wide Japanese audience. ... Hishida Shunso (菱田春草 b. ... Gyokudo Kawai (川合 玉堂, Kawai Gyokudo, born on November 24, 1873 - June 30, 1957) is a Japanese painter. ... Maeda Seison (前田 青邨), born 27 January 1885 – died 29 October 1977 was a Japanese painter from Gifu prefecture in the nihonga style of watercolour painting. ... Shimomura Kanzan (下村観山, b. ... Takeuchi Seiho (竹内栖鳳), b. ... Tomioka Tessai (富岡鉄斎)(1836 - 1924) was a Japanese painter and calligrapher. ... Uemura Shôen is the most famous female Japanese painter of the Nihonga movement. ... Yokoyama Taikan (November 2, 1868 - February 26, 1958) was a Japanese painter. ...

Taisho period

Landscape by Kishida Ryusei

The Taisho period saw the predominance of Yōga over Nihonga. After long stays in Europe, many artists (including Arishima Ikuma) returned to Japan during the Taisho period, bringing with them the techniques of impressionism and early post-impressionism. The works of Camille Pissarro, Paul Cezanne and Pierre Auguste Renoir influenced early Taisho period paintings. However, yōga artists in the Taisho period also tended towards eclecticism, and there was a profusion of dissident artistic movements. These included the Fusain Society (Fyuzankai) which emphasized styles of post-impressionism, especially fauvism. In 1914, the Nikakai (Second Division Society) emerged to oppose the government-sponsored Bunten Exihibition. History of Japan Paleolithic Jomon Yayoi Yamato period ---Kofun period ---Asuka period Nara period Heian period Kamakura period Muromachi period Azuchi-Momoyama period ---Nanban period Edo period Meiji period Taisho period Showa period ---Japanese expansionism ---Occupied Japan ---Post-Occupation Japan Heisei The Taisho period (大正 Taishō, lit. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 546 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (637 × 700 pixel, file size: 242 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) タイトル:道路と土手と塀（切通之写生） ライセンス:パブリックドメイン-大正４年作 出展元:Gallery Sugie [1] 製作者:岸田劉生 Faithful reproductions of two-dimensional original works cannot attract copyright in the U.S. according to the rule in Bridgeman Art Library v. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 546 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (637 × 700 pixel, file size: 242 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) タイトル:道路と土手と塀（切通之写生） ライセンス:パブリックドメイン-大正４年作 出展元:Gallery Sugie [1] 製作者:岸田劉生 Faithful reproductions of two-dimensional original works cannot attract copyright in the U.S. according to the rule in Bridgeman Art Library v. ... This article is about the art movement. ... Self-Portrait with sister, by Victor Borisov-Musatov 1898 Post-Impressionism is the term coined by the British artist and art critic Roger Fry in 1914, to describe the development of European art since Monet (Impressionism). ... The garden of Pontoise, painted 1875. ... Categories: 1839 births | 1906 deaths | French painters | Post-impressionism | Artist stubs ... Pierre-Auguste Renoir (February 25, 1841 - December 3, 1919) was a preeminent French painter. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Henri Matisse, Portrait of Madame Matisse (The green line), 1905, Statens Museum for Kunst, Copenhagen, Denmark [[Image:Matissedance. ... The Japan Art Academy Japan Art Academy ) is the highest ranking artistic organization in Japan. ...

Japanese painting during the Taisho period was only mildly influenced by other contemporary European movements, such as neoclassicism and late post-impressionism. Late Baroque classicizing: G. P. Pannini assembles the canon of Roman ruins and Roman sculpture into one vast imaginary gallery (1756) Neoclassicism (sometimes rendered as Neo-Classicism or Neo-classicism) is the name given to quite distinct movements in the decorative and visual arts, literature, theatre, music, and architecture that...

However, interestingly it was resurgent Nihonga, towards the end of the Taisho period, which adopted certain trends from post-impressionism. The second generation of Nihonga artists formed the Japan Fine Arts Academy (Nihon Bijutsuin) to compete against the government-sponsored Bunten, and although yamato-e traditions remained strong, the increasing use of western perspective, and western concepts of space and light began to blur the distinction between Nihonga and yōga. A cube in two-point perspective. ...

Important artists in the Taisho period include:

• Kishida Ryusei (1891-1929)
• Yorozu Tetsugoro (1885-1927)
• Yokoyama Taikan (1868-1958)
• Shimomura Kanzan (1873-1930)
• Hishida Shunso (1874-1911)
• Maeda Seison (1885-1977)
• Imamura Shiro (1880-1916)
• Tomita Keisen (1879-1936)
• Hayami Gyoshu (1894-1935)
• Kawabata Ryushi (1885-1966)
• Tsuchida Hakusen (1887-1936)
• Murakami Kagaku (1888-1939)
• Itō Shinsui 伊東深水 1898-1972
• Kaburaki Kiyokata 鏑木清方 1878-1972
• Takehisa Yumeji 竹久夢二 1884-1934
• Uemura Shoko 上村松篁 1902-2001

Yokoyama Taikan (November 2, 1868 - February 26, 1958) was a Japanese painter. ... Shimomura Kanzan (下村観山, b. ... Hishida Shunso (菱田春草 b. ... Maeda Seison (前田 青邨), born 27 January 1885 – died 29 October 1977 was a Japanese painter from Gifu prefecture in the nihonga style of watercolour painting. ... Hayami Gyoshu (速水御舟, b. ... This is a Japanese name; the family name is Kawabata Ryūshi Kawabata , 6 June 1885 - 10 April 1966) was the pseudonym of a Japanese painter in the Nihonga style, active during the Taisho and Showa eras. ... Before the Mirror by Shinsui Itō Shinsui Itō ) (February 4, 1898–May 8, 1972), born Hajime Itō in Tokyo, was a Japanese artist who made woodblock prints in the ukiyo-e style, specializing in bijinga (beautiful women) and landscapes. ... This is a Japanese name; the family name is Kaburagi Kaburagi Kiyokata ) (31 August 1878 – 2 March 1972) was the pseudonym of a Nihonga artist and the leading master of the bijinga genre in Taisho and Showa period Japan. ... Stone monument at his birthplace Takehisa Yumeji (Japanese: 夢二竹久) was born in Oku, Okayama (Setouchi), Japan in 1884. ...

Showa period

Japanese painting in the early Showa period was largely dominated by Yasui Sotaro and Umehara Ryuzaburo, who introduced the concepts of pure art and abstract painting to the Nihonga tradition, and thus created a more interpretative version of that genre. This trend was further developed by Leonard Foujita and the Nika Society, to encompass surrealism. To promote these trends, the Independent Art Association (Dokuritsu Bijutsu Kyokai) was formed in 1931. The Shōwa period (Japanese: 昭和時代, Shōwa-jidai, period of enlightened peace) was the time in Japanese history when Emperor Hirohito reigned over the country, from December 25, 1926 to January 7, 1989. ... Sotaro Yasui , 17 May 1888 in Kyoto - 14 December 1955 in Yugawara, Kanagawa Prefecture) was a Japanese painter, most notable for his portraits and his ability to draw and paint in a more Western style. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... One of Kandiskys most famous paintings Yellow Red Blue (Kandinsky 1925) Abstract art is now generally understood to mean art that does not depict objects in the natural world, but instead uses shapes and colours in a non-representational or non-objective way. ... Max Ernst. ...

During the World War II period, government controls and censorship meant that only patriotic themes could be expressed. Many artists were recruited into the government propaganda effort, and critical non-emotional review of their works is only just beginning. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... For other uses, see Censor. ... Soviet Propaganda Poster during World War II. The text reads Red Army Fighter, SAVE US! Chinese propaganda poster from the time of the Cultural Revolution. ...

In the post-war period, the government-sponsored Japan Art Academy (Nihon Geijutsuin) was formed in 1947, containing both nihonga and yōga divisions. Government sponsorship of art exhibitions has ended, but has been replaced by private exhibitions, such as the Nitten, on an even larger scale. Although the Nitten was initially the exhibition of the Japan Art Academy, since 1958 it has been run by a separate private corporation. Participation in the Nitten has become almost a prerequisite for nomination to the Japan Art Academy, which in itself is almost an unofficial prerequisite for nomination to the Order of Culture. The Japan Art Academy Japan Art Academy ) is the highest ranking artistic organization in Japan. ... The Order of Culture (文化勲章) is a Japanese Order (decoration), established on February 11, 1937. ...

Important artists in the Showa period include:

• Yasui Sotaro (1881-1955)
• Umehara Ryuzaburo (1888-1986)
• Leonard Foujita (1886-1968)
• Yasuda Yukihiko (1884-1978)
• Kobayashi Kokei (1883-1957)
• Higashiyama Kai'i 1908-1999
• Ogura Yuki 1895-2000

Sotaro Yasui , 17 May 1888 in Kyoto - 14 December 1955 in Yugawara, Kanagawa Prefecture) was a Japanese painter, most notable for his portraits and his ability to draw and paint in a more Western style. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Leonard Tsuguharu Foujita, also known as Fujita (藤田 嗣治, November 27, 1886–January 29, 1968) was a painter and engraver born in Tokyo, Japan who applied French oil techniques to Japanese-style paintings. ... This is a Japanese name; the family name is Yasuda Yasuda Yukihiko , 16 February 1984 - 29 April 1979) was the pseudonym of a major figure in Taisho and early Showa period Japanese painting, and is regarded as one of the founders of the Japanese painting technique of nihonga. ... Higashiyama Kaii (東山魁夷, July 8, 1908 - May 6, 1999) was a Japanese artist. ... This is a Japanese name; the family name is Ogura Ogura Yuki ); (1 March 1895 - 23 July 2000) was a nihonga painter in Showa period Japan. ...

Contemporary

After World War II, painters, calligraphers, and printmakers flourished in the big cities, particularly Tokyo, and became preoccupied with the mechanisms of urban life, reflected in the flickering lights, neon colors, and frenetic pace of their abstractions. All the "isms" of the New York-Paris art world were fervently embraced. After the abstractions of the 1960s, the 1970s saw a return to realism strongly flavored by the "op" and "pop" art movements, embodied in the 1980s in the explosive works of Shinohara Ushio. Many such outstanding avant-garde artists worked both in Japan and abroad, winning international prizes. These artists felt that there was "nothing Japanese" about their works, and indeed they belonged to the international school. By the late 1970s, the search for Japanese qualities and a national style caused many artists to reevaluate their artistic ideology and turn away from what some felt were the empty formulas of the West. Contemporary paintings within the modern idiom began to make conscious use of traditional Japanese art forms, devices, and ideologies. A number of mono-ha artists turned to painting to recapture traditional nuances in spatial arrangements, color harmonies, and lyricism. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Contemporary Western Calligraphy. ... Printmaking is a process for producing a work of art in ink; the work (called a print) is created indirectly, through the transfer of ink from the surface upon which the work was originally drawn or otherwise composed. ... For other uses, see Tokyo (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Neon (disambiguation). ...

Japanese-style painting (nihonga) continues in a modern fashion, updating traditional expressions while retaining their intrinsic character. Some artists within this style still paint on silk or paper with traditional colors and ink, while others used new materials, such as acrylics. Many of the older schools of art, most notably those of the Tokugawa period, were still practiced. For example, the decorative naturalism of the rimpa school, characterized by brilliant, pure colors and bleeding washes, was reflected in the work of many postwar artists and in the 1980s art of Hikosaka Naoyoshi. The realism of Maruyama Ōkyo's school and the calligraphic and spontaneous Japanese style of the gentlemen-scholars were both widely practiced in the 1980s. Sometimes all of these schools, as well as older ones, such as the Kano school ink traditions, were drawn on by contemporary artists in the Japanese style and in the modern idiom. Many Japanese-style painters were honored with awards and prizes as a result of renewed popular demand for Japanese-style art beginning in the 1970s. More and more, the international modern painters also drew on the Japanese schools as they turned away from Western styles in the 1980s. The tendency had been to synthesize East and West. Some artists had already leapt the gap between the two, as did the outstanding painter Shinoda Toko. Her bold sumi ink abstractions were inspired by traditional calligraphy but realized as lyrical expressions of modern abstraction. For other uses of this word, see Silk (disambiguation). ... A Bigger Splash, 1967. ... Crows, 1766; pair of six-fold screens; ink and gold on paper. ... The Shijō school (四条派 -ha), also known as the Maruyama or ÅŒkyo school, was a school of Japanese painting founded by Maruyama Goshun in the late 18th century, one of several that made up the larger Kyoto school. ... Kanō school (狩野派 Kanō-ha) is a school of professional artists in Japan. ... Shinoda Toko 篠田桃紅 (born March 28, 1913- ) is a world-renowned Japanese woman artist working with sumi [ink] paintings and prints. ... Sumi (?), es el nombre japon�s para la tinta usada para escribir con pincel, particularmente adentro [ [ shodo|el calligraphy ] ] Sumi se hace del negro de humo (holl�n) y de las carpetas, y viene en palillos o barras que se deben frotar con agua en un tintero de piedra hasta...

There are also a number of contemporary painters in Japan whose work is largely inspired by anime sub-cultures and other aspects of popular and youth culture. Takashi Murakami is perhaps among the most famous and popular of these, along with and the other artists in his Kaikai Kiki studio collective. His work centers on expressing issues and concerns of postwar Japanese society through what are usually seemingly innocuous forms. He draws heavily from anime and related styles, but produces paintings and sculptures in media more traditionally associated with fine arts, intentionally blurring the lines between commercial and popular art and fine arts. “Animé” redirects here. ... Takashi Murakami, September 17, 2006. ... Kaikai Kiki Co. ...

References

• Keene, Donald. Dawn to the West. Columbia University Press; (1998). ISBN 0231114354
• Mason, Penelope. History of Japanese Art . Prentice Hall (2005). ISBN 0131176021
• Sadao, Tsuneko. Discovering the Arts of Japan: A Historical Overview. Kodansha International (2003). ISBN 477002939X
• Schaarschmidt Richte. Japanese Modern Art Painting From 1910 . Edition Stemmle. ISBN 3908161851