NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Jarvis Island

Jarvis Island (formerly also known as Bunker Island^[1]) is an uninhabited 4.5 square kilometer coral island located in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to the Cook Islands. It is one of the Line Islands, in the central part of the group. It is an unincorporated territory of the United States, administered from Washington, D.C. by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service of the United States Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system.^[2] Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... The Guano Islands Act was federal legislation passed by the U.S. Congress on August 18, 1856 enabling citizens of the U.S. to take possession of islands containing guano deposits. ... Extant Subclasses and Orders Alcyonaria Alcyonacea Helioporacea Zoantharia Antipatharia Corallimorpharia Scleractinia Zoanthidea [1][2] See Anthozoa for details For other uses, see Coral (disambiguation). ... The coronation banquet for George IV 1821 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The Line Islands are a group of mostly atolls in the central Pacific Ocean, south of the Hawaiian Islands. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) two-letter country codes (FIPS 10-4) are used by the US Government for data processing, and in the CIA World Factbook. ... A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is a top-level domain used and reserved for a country or a dependent territory. ... .um is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the United States Minor Outlying Islands. ... To help compare sizes of different geographic regions, we list here areas between 1 kmÂ² (100 hectares) and 10 kmÂ² (1000 hectares). ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... The Line Islands are a group of mostly atolls in the central Pacific Ocean, south of the Hawaiian Islands. ... Nickname: Motto: Justitia Omnibus (Justice for All) Location of Washington, D.C., in relation to the states Maryland and Virginia Coordinates: Country United States Federal District District of Columbia Government - Mayor Adrian M. Fenty (D) - City Council Chairperson: Vincent C. Gray (D) Ward 1: Jim Graham (D) Ward 2: Jack... The USFWS logo The United States Fish and Wildlife Service is a unit of the United States Department of the Interior that is dedicated to managing and preserving wildlife. ... The United States Department of the Interior (DOI) is a Cabinet department of the United States government that manages and conserves most federally owned land. ... National Wildlife Refuge is a designation for certain protected areas of the United States managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. ...

There are no ports or harbors, but there are offshore anchorage spots. There is one boat landing area in the middle of the west coast and another near the southwest corner of the island. A day beacon is near the middle of the west coast.^[3] A day beacon is an unlighted nautical navigational aid. ...

The climate is tropical, with scant rainfall, constant wind, and strong sun. Varying from sea level to seven meters (23 feet), the terrain is sandy, and the coral island is surrounded by a narrow fringing reef. Its sparse bunch grass, prostrate vines, and low-growing shrubs are primarily a nesting, roosting, and foraging habitat for seabirds, shorebirds, and marine wildlife.^[2] Extant Subclasses and Orders Alcyonaria Alcyonacea Helioporacea Zoantharia Antipatharia Corallimorpharia Scleractinia Zoanthidea [1][2] See Anthozoa for details For other uses, see Coral (disambiguation). ... A reef surrounding an islet. ... Any grass of the poaceae family that grows in clumps or tufts may be called bunch grass. ... Habitat (which is Latin for it inhabits) is the place where a particular species live and grow. ...

The island has no natural fresh water.^[4] For the village on the Isle of Wight, see Freshwater, Isle of Wight. ...

For statistical purposes, Jarvis Island is grouped as one of the United States Minor Outlying Islands. The flag of the United States is used for all of the United States Minor Outlying Islands The United States Minor Outlying Islands, a statistical designation defined by ISO 3166-1, consists of nine insular United States possessions: All of these islands are in the Pacific Ocean except Navassa Island...

History

The island was discovered on August 21, 1821 by the British ship Eliza Francis, (or Eliza Frances, owned by Edward, Thomas, and William Jarvis^[5]^[6] and named by her commander, one Captain Brown. The uninhabited island was claimed for the United States under the Guano Islands Act in March 1857 and formally annexed by the U.S. on 27 February 1858. The guano was to be sent back to the United States for use as fertilizer. For the next twenty one years Jarvis Island was mined continuously for guano. American business interests abandoned the island in 1879 after tons of guano had been removed. August 21 is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The coronation banquet for George IV 1821 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The Guano Islands Act was federal legislation passed by the U.S. Congress on August 18, 1856 enabling citizens of the U.S. to take possession of islands containing guano deposits. ... February 27 is the 58th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1858 (MDCCCLVIII) is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Chincha guano islands in Peru. ...

The United Kingdom annexed the island on 3 June 1889, but never carried out plans for further exploitation. The guano deposits are not known to have been mined during this period. June 3 is the 154th day of the year (155th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1889 (MDCCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

The U.S. invaded and reclaimed the island in 1935 as an unincorporated territory, which was administered by U.S. Department of the Interior 13 May 1936 – 27 June 1974.^[2] 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar). ... May 13 is the 133rd day of the year (134th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... June 27 is the 178th day of the year (179th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 187 days remaining. ... 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ...

It was colonized by the U.S. 26 March 1935 – 7 February 1942 under authority of the two consecutive Heads of the Baker, Howland and Jarvis Colonization Scheme (see Baker Island). A Japanese submarine surfaced off the west coast of the Island at the beginning of World War II. Thinking it was a U.S. Navy submarine that was coming to remove them, the remaining colonists rushed to the shore. The colonists were shelled; but no one was hurt. The colonists were evacuated in February 1942.^[7] March 26 is the 85th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (86th in leap years). ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar). ... February 7 is the 38th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1942 calendar). ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... The United States Navy (USN) is the branch of the United States armed forces responsible for naval operations. ... A shell is a payload-carrying projectile, which, as opposed to a bullet, contains an explosive or other filling, though modern usage includes large solid projectiles previously termed shot (AP, APCR, APCNR, APDS, APFSDS and Proof shot). ...

The Millersville settlement on the western side of the island was the location of several dwellings and a weather station from 1935, the year it was colonised, until World War II, when it was abandoned; it was reoccupied in 1957 during the International Geophysical Year by scientists, and shortly had its only proper local authority, Station Chief for IGY Homung (d. 1958) 1957 – Nov 1958, but was again abandoned in 1958. 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar). ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The International Geophysical Year or IGY was an international scientific effort that lasted from July 1, 1957, to December 31, 1958. ... Year 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Since 27 June 1974 Jarvis Island has been administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service as the Jarvis Island National Wildlife Refuge. Public entry to Jarvis Island requires a special-use permit and is generally restricted to scientists and educators only. The island is visited approximately annually by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the United States Coast Guard.^[8] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 600 pixels Full resolution (2592 Ã— 1944 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 600 pixels Full resolution (2592 Ã— 1944 pixel, file size: 1. ... June 27 is the 178th day of the year (179th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 187 days remaining. ... 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... The USFWS logo The United States Fish and Wildlife Service is a unit of the United States Department of the Interior that is dedicated to managing and preserving wildlife. ... USCG HH-65 Dolphin The United States Coast Guard (USCG) is a branch of the United States armed forces and is involved in maritime law enforcement, mariner assistance, search and rescue, and national defense. ...

Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (2592 Ã— 1944 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (2592 Ã— 1944 pixel, file size: 1. ...

References

^ Darwin, Charles; Thomas George Bonney (1897). The structure and distribution of coral reefs. New York: D. Appleton and Company, 207.
^ ^a ^b ^c Jarvis Island. DOI Office of Insular Affairs. Retrieved on 2007-01-26.
^ Jarvis Island. The World Factbook. CIA (2003). Retrieved on 2007-01-26.
^ United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges. Retrieved on 2007-01-26.
^ North Pacific Pilot page 282 (png). Retrieved on 2007-01-26.
^ R. v. Higgins, Fuller, Anderson, Thomas, Belford and Walsh. legal proceeding. Retrieved on 2007-01-25.
^ History of Jarvis Island. "World War Two" section of article.. Retrieved on 2007-01-25.
^ United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges. Retrieved on 2007-01-26.

2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... January 26 is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... January 26 is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... January 26 is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... January 26 is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... January 25 is the 25th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... January 25 is the 25th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... January 26 is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

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	Polynesia Image File history File links Polynesia. ... Carving from the ridgepole of a MÄori house, ca 1840 Polynesia (from Greek: Ï€Î¿Î»ÏÏ‚ many, Î½á¿†ÏƒÎ¿Ï‚ island) is a large grouping of over 1,000 islands scattered over the central and southern Pacific Ocean. ...	American Samoa · Cook Islands · French Polynesia · New Zealand · Niue · Pitcairn · Samoa · Tokelau · Tonga · Tuvalu · Wallis and Futuna

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Official language(s) English[1] Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Largest metro area Chicago Area Ranked 25th - Total 57,918 sq mi (149,998 kmÂ²) - Width 210 miles (340 km) - Length 390 miles (629 km) - % water 4. ... Official language(s) English Capital Indianapolis Largest city Indianapolis Area Ranked 38th - Total 36,418 sq mi (94,321 kmÂ²) - Width 140 miles (225 km) - Length 270 miles (435 km) - % water 1. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... This article needs additional references or sources to facilitate its verification. ... Official language(s) English[1] Capital Frankfort Largest city Louisville Area Ranked 37th - Total 40,444 sq mi (104,749 kmÂ²) - Width 140 miles (225 km) - Length 379 miles (610 km) - % water 1. ... Official language(s) de jure: none de facto: English & French Capital Baton Rouge Largest city New Orleans [1] Area Ranked 31st - Total 51,885 sq mi (134,382 kmÂ²) - Width 130 miles (210 km) - Length 379 miles (610 km) - % water 16 - Latitude 29Â°N to 33Â°N - Longitude 89Â°W... Official language(s) None (English de facto; French is also an administrative language) Capital Augusta Largest city Portland Area Ranked 39th - Total 33,414 sq mi (86,542 kmÂ²) - Width 210 miles (338 km) - Length 320 miles (515 km) - % water 13. ... Official language(s) None (English, de facto) Capital Annapolis Largest city Baltimore Area Ranked 42nd - Total 12,407 sq mi (32,133 kmÂ²) - Width 90 miles (145 km) - Length 249 miles (400 km) - % water 21 - Latitude 37Â°53N to 39Â°43N - Longitude 75Â°4W to 79Â°33... Official language(s) English Capital Boston Largest city Boston Area Ranked 44th - Total 10,555 sq mi (27,360 kmÂ²) - Width 183 miles (295 km) - Length 113 miles (182 km) - % water 13. ... 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Official language(s) None Capital Madison Largest city Milwaukee Area Ranked 23rd - Total 65,498 sq mi (169,790 kmÂ²) - Width 260 miles (420 km) - Length 310 miles (500 km) - % water 17 - Latitude 42Â°30N to 47Â°3N - Longitude 86Â°49W to 92Â°54W Population Ranked... Official language(s) English Capital Cheyenne Largest city Cheyenne Area Ranked 10th - Total 97,818 sq mi (253,348 kmÂ²) - Width 280 miles (450 km) - Length 360 miles (580 km) - % water 0. ... Federal districts are subdivisions of a federal system of government. ... Nickname: Motto: Justitia Omnibus (Justice for All) Location of Washington, D.C., in relation to the states Maryland and Virginia Coordinates: Country United States Federal District District of Columbia Government - Mayor Adrian M. Fenty (D) - City Council Chairperson: Vincent C. Gray (D) Ward 1: Jim Graham (D) Ward 2: Jack... An insular area is United States territory that is neither a part of one of the fifty states nor a part of the District of Columbia, the nations federal district. ... National motto: Samoa, Muamua Le Atua (Samoa, Let God Be First) Official languages English, Samoan Capital Pago Pago Head of State George W. Bush Governor Togiola Tulafono Area - Total - % water Ranked 212th 199 kmÂ² (77. ... Anthem Gi Talo Gi Halom Tase(Chamorro) Satil Matawal Pacifico(Carolinian) Capital Saipan Official languages English, Chamorro, Carolinian Government Presidential representative democracy - Head of State George W. Bush - Governor Benigno R. Fitial - Lt. ... Motto Latin: Joannes Est Nomen Eius Spanish: Juan es su nombre (English: John is his name) Anthem La BorinqueÃ±a Capital (and largest city) San Juan Official languages Spanish and English Government U.S. Commonwealth - Governor AnÃbal Acevedo VilÃ¡ Independence None (U.S. territory with Commonwealth status) Area - Total... Motto United in Pride and Hope Anthem Virgin Islands March Capital (and largest city) Charlotte Amalie Official languages English Government - Head of State George W. Bush - Governor John de Jongh Organized, unincorporated territory - Revised Organic Act 22 July 1954 Area - Total 346. ... The flag of the United States is used for all of the United States Minor Outlying Islands The United States Minor Outlying Islands, a statistical designation defined by ISO 3166-1, consists of nine insular United States possessions: All of these islands are in the Pacific Ocean except Navassa Island... Baker Island is an uninhabited atoll located just north of the equator in the central Pacific Ocean at 0Â°13â€²N 176Â°31â€²W, about 3,100 km (1,675 nautical miles) southwest of Honolulu. ... Howland Island Howland Island is an uninhabited atoll located just north of the equator in the central Pacific Ocean at 0Â°48â€²N 176Â°38â€²W, about 3,100 km (1,675 nautical miles) southwest of Honolulu. ... Johnston Atoll is a 130 kmÂ² atoll in the North Pacific Ocean at 16Â°45â€²N 169Â°30â€²W, about one-third of the way from Hawaii to the Marshall Islands. ... The flag of the US is used for Kingman Reef Kingman Reef Kingman Reefâ€”NASA NLT Landsat 7 (Visible Color) Satellite Image Kingman Reef is a one-square-kilometer tropical coral reef located in the North Pacific Ocean, roughly half way between Hawaiian Islands and American Samoa at 6Â°24... Orthographic projection centred over Midway. ... Navassa Island map from The World Factbook Navassa Island - NASA NLT Landsat 7 (Visible Color) Satellite Image Navassa Island (La Navase in French, Lanavaz in Haitian KreyÃ²l) is a small, uninhabited island in the Caribbean Sea. ... Palmyra Atoll - Landsat Image N-03-05_2000 (1:50,000) Palmyra Atoll - Marplot Map (1:50,000) Orthographic projection over Palmyra Atoll Palmyra Atoll, is an incorporated atoll administered by the United States government. ... USGS Landsat 7 ETM+ satellite image of Wake Island. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

History var ACE_AR = {Site: '756743', Size: '300250'};

References

External links

History