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Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition (up til version 5.0) or Java SE (version 6 and forward) (formerly also J2SE) is a collection of Java Application Programming Interfaces useful to any Java platform programs. The Java EE includes all of the classes in the Java SE, plus a number which are more useful to programs running on servers than on workstations. API with 3 clients, using the Unified Modeling Language notation An application programming interface (API) is the interface that a computer system or application provides in order to allow requests for service to be made of it by other computer programs, and/or to allow data to be exchanged between...
The Java platform is the name for a computing environment, or platform, from Sun Microsystems which can run applications developed using the Java programming language and set of development tools. ...
Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition or Java EE (formerly also J2EE) is a programming platform — part of the Java platform — for developing and running distributed multi-tier architecture applications, based largely on modular components running on an application server. ...
In computing, a server is: A computer software application that carries out some task (i. ...
A computer workstation, often colloquially referred to as workstation, is a high-end general-purpose microcomputer designed to be used by one person at a time and which offers higher performance than normally found in a personal computer, especially with respect to graphics, processing power and the ability to carry...
General-purpose
java.lang The java.lang package contains fundamental classes closely tied to the language and runtime system. This includes basic exceptions, math functions, threading, security functions, as well as some information on the underlying native system. It also contains the String class, and wrappers for numeric types like Integer. java. ...
Classes in java.lang are automatically imported into every application.
java.lang.ref Application-garbage collector interaction is supported by the java.lang.ref package. One use for the package is the weak reference, which allows an application to refer to an object without the garbage collector cleaning it up. The technique is useful in caches, where the garbage collector randomly deletes from memory any objects no longer referred to. In computing, garbage collection (also known as GC) is a form of automatic memory management. ...
java.lang.reflection Reflection is a constituent of the Java API which enables Java code to examine and "reflect" upon Java components at runtime. Among other possibilities, reflection enables advanced debugging strategies. Look up reflection in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Java is an object-oriented programming language developed by James Gosling and colleagues at Sun Microsystems in the early 1990s. ...
Reflection is primarily used to call classes and methods using their names, a concept that allows for dynamic programming. The cost of reflection is the inability of the compiler to check for the existence of called classes.
java.io The java.io package groups routines for normal input and output. This includes streams and file handling. Noteworthy streams are InputStreamReader, FileReader, and BufferedReader. InputStreamReader takes as a parameter System.in. The InputStreamReader accepts character input from the system. FileReader reads one character at a time from a data file. BufferedReader takes as a parameter either FileReader or InputStreamReader, and changes the input to word by word as opposed to one character at a time. Package java. ...
java.math The java.math package supports multiprecision arithmetic (including modular arithmetic operations) and provides multiprecision prime number generators used for cryptographic key generation. The main classes of the package are BigInteger and BigDecimal. java. ...
java.net The java.net package provides special IO routines for networks, allowing HTTP requests, as well as other common transactions. It cannot yet achieve high performance pusing (HPC). HTTP (for HyperText Transfer Protocol) is the primary method used to convey information on the World Wide Web. ...
java.text The java.text package implements parsing routines for strings and supports various human-readable languages and locale-specific parsing.
java.util Data structures that aggregate objects are the focus of the java.util package. Included in the package is the Collections API, an organized data structure hierarchy influenced heavily by the design patterns considerations. A binary tree, a simple type of branching linked data structure. ...
Java is an object-oriented programming language developed primarily by James Gosling and colleagues at Sun Microsystems. ...
In software engineering, a design pattern is a general solution to a common problem in software design. ...
Special-purpose
java.applet Created to support applet creation, the java.applet package allows applications to be downloaded over a network and run within a guarded sandbox. Security restrictions are easily imposed on the sandbox. A developer, for example, may apply a digital signature to an applet, thereby labeling it as safe. Doing so removes most restrictions but typically costs the developer hundreds of dollars for a security certificate. (Such certificates are issued by such agencies as Thawte or Entrust.) An applet is a software component that runs in the context of another program, for example a web browser. ...
Digital signature (or public-key digital signature) is a type of method for authenticating digital information analogous to ordinary physical signatures on paper, but implemented using techniques from the field of public-key cryptography. ...
java.beans Included in the java.beans package are various classes for developing and manipulating beans, reusable components defined by the JavaBeans architecture. The architecture provides mechanisms for manipulating properties of components and firing events when those properties change. The Enterprise Java Beans specification is one of the several Java APIs in the Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition. ...
Most of the APIs in java.beans are intended for use by a bean editing tool, in which beans can be combined, customized and manipulated. One type of bean editor is a GUI designer in an integrated development environment. A graphical user interface (or GUI, sometimes pronounced gooey) is a method of interacting with a computer through a metaphor of direct manipulation of graphical images and widgets in addition to text. ...
An integrated development environment (IDE) (also known as an integrated design environment and integrated debugging environment) is computer software to help computer programmers develop software. ...
java.awt The Abstract Windowing Toolkit contains routines to support basic GUI operations and uses basic windows from the underlying native system. Many independent implementations of the Java API (such as GNU's libgcj) implement everything but AWT, which is useless to most server-side Java applications. This package also contains the Java2D graphics API. The Abstract Windowing Toolkit (AWT) is Javas platform_independent windowing, graphics, and user_interface widget toolkit. ...
In computing, Java2D is an API for drawing two-dimensional graphics using the Java programming language. ...
java.rmi The java.rmi package provides for remote communication between two java applications.
java.security Support for security, including the message digest algorithm, is included in the java.security package.
java.sql An implementation of the JDBC API (used to access SQL databases) is grouped into the java.sql package. Java Database Connectivity, or JDBC, is an API for the Java programming language that defines how a client may access a database. ...
javax.swing Swing is a collection of routines that build on java.awt, using 2D drawing routines to give more drawing power than normally allowed. One cost of this flexibility is that Swing elements may not exist outside of java.awt windows. Swing can prove to be much slower than the java.awt package because it is implemented entirely in Java. The AWT is implemented entirely using native code. Swing is a GUI toolkit for Java. ...
Swing is a GUI toolkit for Java. ...
Swing is a very rich system in its own right, supporting pluggable looks and feels (PLAFs) so that widgets in the GUI can imitate those from the underlying native system. Design patterns permeate the system, especially a modification of the model-view-controller pattern, which loosens the coupling between function and appearance. One inconsistency is that (as of JDK 1.3) fonts are drawn by the underlying native system, and not by Java, limiting text portability. Workarounds, such as using bitmap fonts, do exist. In general, layouts are used and keep elements within an aesthetically consistent GUI across platforms. This article or section should include material from Model view controller triad Model-View-Controller (MVC) is a software architecture that separates an applications data model, user interface, and control logic into three distinct components so that modifications to the view component can be made with minimal impact to...
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