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Java Platform, Enterprise Edition or Java EE is a widely used platform for server programming in the Java programming language. The Java EE Platform differs from the Standard Edition (SE) of Java in that it adds additional libraries which provide functionality to deploy fault-tolerant, distributed, multi-tier Java software, based largely on modular components running on an application server. Image File history File links Question_book-3. ... Image File history File links Broom_icon. ... Prose is writing distinguished from poetry by its greater variety of rhythm and its closer resemblance to everyday speech. ... The Java platform is the name for a bundle of related programs, or platform, from Sun Microsystems which allow for developing and running programs written in the Java programming language. ... In computing, the Java Platform, Micro Edition or Java ME (previously known as Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition or J2ME) is a specification of a subset of the Java platform aimed at providing a certified collection of Java APIs for the development of software for small, resource-constrained devices such... Java Platform, Standard Edition or Java SE (formerly known up to version 5. ... In computing, a platform describes some sort of framework, either in hardware or software, which allows software to run. ... In information technology, a server is an application or device that performs services for connected clients as part of a client-server architecture. ... “Java language” redirects here. ... The Java platform is the name for a bundle of related programs, or platform, from Sun Microsystems which allow for developing and running programs written in the Java programming language. ... Java Platform, Standard Edition or Java SE is a widely used platform for programming in the Java language. ... Distributed computing is a method of computer processing in which different parts of a program are run simultaneously on two or more computers that are communicating with each other over a network. ... In software engineering, multi-tier architecture (often referred to as n-tier architecture) is a client-server architecture, originally designed by Jonathon Bolster of Hematites Corp, in which an application is executed by more than one distinct software agent. ... Application software is a subclass of computer software that employs the capabilities of a computer directly and thoroughly to a task that the user wishes to perform. ... Modularity is a concept that has applications in the contexts of computer science, particularly programming, as well as cognitive science in investigating the structure of mind. ... Software component representations: above the representation used in UML, below the representation commonly used by Microsofts COM objects. ... An application server is a software engine that delivers applications to client computers or devices. ...

Nomenclature, standards and specifications

The platform was known as Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition or J2EE until the name was changed to Java EE in version 5. Current version is called Java EE 5. Previous version is called J2EE 1.4.

Java EE is defined by its specification. As with other Java Community Process specifications, Java EE is also considered informally to be a standard since providers must agree to certain conformance requirements in order to declare their products as Java EE compliant; albeit with no ISO or ECMA standard. A program specification is the definition of what a computer program is expected to do. ... The Java Community Process or JCP, established in 1995, is a formalized process which allows interested parties to be involved in the definition of future versions and features of the Java platform. ... “Standard” redirects here. ... “ISO” redirects here. ... Ecma International - European association for standardising information and communication systems came into existence in 1994, when the European Computer Manufacturers Association (ECMA) changed its name in order to reflect the international activities of the organisation (the long form of ECMA was dropped then, and capitalization changed to reflect this). ...

Java EE includes several API specifications, such as JDBC, RMI, e-mail, JMS, web services, XML, etc, and defines how to coordinate them. Java EE also features some specifications unique to Java EE for components. These include Enterprise JavaBeans, servlets, portlets (following the Java Portlet specification), JavaServer Pages and several web service technologies. This allows developers to create enterprise applications that are portable and scalable, and that integrate with legacy technologies. A Java EE "application server" can handle the transactions, security, arity, scalability, concurrency and management of the components that are deployed to it, meaning that the developers can concentrate more on the business logic of the components rather than on infrastructure and integration tasks. API and Api redirect here. ... JDBC is an API for the Java programming language that defines how a client may access a database. ... The Java Remote Method Invocation API, or Java RMI, is a Java application programming interface for performing remote procedure calls. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... It has been suggested that Openjms be merged into this article or section. ... Web services architecture The W3C defines a Web service (many sources also capitalize the second word, as in Web Services) as a software system designed to support interoperable Machine to Machine interaction over a network. ... The Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a general-purpose markup language. ... Simple EJB Architecture Enterprise Java Beans (EJB) is a managed, server-sided component for modular construction of enterprise applications. ... The Java Servlet API allows a software developer to add dynamic content to a web server using the Java platform. ... Portlets are pluggable user interface components that are managed and displayed in a web portal. ... The Java Portlet Specification defines a contract between the portlet container and portlets and provides a convenient programming model for portlet developers. ... JavaServer Pages (JSP) is a Java technology that allows software developers to dynamically generate HTML, XML or other types of documents in response to a Web client request. ... Web services architecture The W3C defines a Web service (many sources also capitalize the second word, as in Web Services) as a software system designed to support interoperable Machine to Machine interaction over a network. ... Enterprise application software is application software that performs business functions such as accounting, production scheduling, customer information tracking, bank account maintenance, and the like. ... In computer science, porting is the process of adapting software so that an executable program can be created for a computing environment that is different from the one for which it was originally designed (e. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Scale (computing). ... The mathematical term arity sprang from words like unary, binary, ternary, etc. ... Concurrency has several meanings: Concurrent programming, also known as parallel programming. ...

History

Main article: Java EE version history

The original J2EE specification was developed by Sun Microsystems. The Java Platform, Enterprise Edition or Java EE (formerly known as Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition or J2EE) has undergone several changes since 1. ... Sun Microsystems, Inc. ...

The J2EE 1.2 SDK was released in December 1999. This article is about the year. ...

Starting with J2EE 1.3, the specification was developed under the Java Community Process. JSR 58 specifies J2EE 1.3 and JSR 151 specifies the J2EE 1.4 specification. The Java Community Process or JCP, established in 1995, is a formalized process which allows interested parties to be involved in the definition of future versions and features of the Java platform. ...

The J2EE 1.3 SDK was first released by Sun as a beta in April 2001. The J2EE 1.4 SDK beta was released by Sun in December 2002. Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... Also see: 2002 (number). ...

The Java EE 5 specification was developed under JSR 244 and the final release was made on May 11, 2006. is the 131st day of the year (132nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The Java EE 6 specification is being developed under JSR 316 and is scheduled for release in 2008.

General APIs

The Java EE APIs includes several technologies that extend the functionality of the base Java SE APIs. Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition (up til version 5. ... API and Api redirect here. ...

javax.ejb.*

The Enterprise JavaBeans API defines a set of APIs that a distributed object container will support in order to provide persistence, remote procedure calls (using RMI or RMI-IIOP), concurrency control, and access control for distributed objects. Simple EJB Architecture Enterprise Java Beans (EJB) is a managed, server-sided component for modular construction of enterprise applications. ... It has been suggested that Orthogonal persistence be merged into this article or section. ... Remote procedure call (RPC) is a protocol that allows a computer program running on one computer to cause a subroutine on another computer to be executed without the programmer explicitly coding the details for this interaction. ... A typical implementation model of Java-RMI using Stub and Skeleton objects. ... RMI-IIOP (read RMI over IIOP) denotes the Java RMI interface over the CORBA system. ... In computer science -- more specifically, in the field of databases -- concurrency control is a method used to ensure that database transactions are executed in a safe manner (i. ... Access control is the ability to permit or deny the use of something by someone. ... Software modules that are designed to work together but reside in multiple computer systems throughout the organization. ...

javax.naming

The javax.naming, javax.naming.directory, javax.naming.event, javax.naming.ldap and javax.naming.spi packages define the Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI) API. The Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI) is an API for directory service that allows clients to discover and lookup data and objects via a name. ...

java.sql, javax.sql

The java.sql and javax.sql packages define the Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) API. JDBC is an API for the Java programming language that defines how a client may access a database. ...

java.transaction.*

These packages define the Java Transaction API (JTA). The Java Transaction API (JTA) is one of the Java EE APIs allowing distributed transactions to be done across multiple XA resources. ...

javax.xml.*

These packages define the JAXP API. This is used for XML parsing. The Java API for XML Processing, or JAXP, is one of the Java XML programming APIs. ...

javax.jms.*

These packages define the Java Message Service (JMS) API. It has been suggested that Openjms be merged into this article or section. ...

javax.jws.*

These packages define the JAX-WS API responsible for web services support. JAX-WS (Java API for XML Web Services) is the new web services architecture from Sun Microsystems. ...

Java EE 5 application server certified

• Sun Java System Application Server Platform Edition 9.0, developed as the open-source server GlassFish
• WebLogic Application Server 10.0 from BEA Systems
• SAP NetWeaver Application Server, Java EE 5 Edition from SAP
• JEUS 6, an Application Server from TmaxSoft

Sun Microsystems is a computer, semiconductor and software manufacturer headquartered in Santa Clara, California, in Silicon Valley. ... In computing, GlassFish is the name of an application server project by Sun Microsystems for the Java Enterprise Edition (Java EE) platform. ... This article needs cleanup. ... BEA Systems, Inc. ... SAP NetWeaver is SAPs integrated technology platform and is the technical foundation for all SAP applications since the SAP Business Suite. ... SAP AG (ISIN: DE0007164600, FWB: SAP, NYSE: SAP) is the largest European software enterprise and the third largest in the world, with headquarters in Walldorf, Germany. ... An application server is a software engine that delivers applications to client computers or devices. ...

J2EE 1.4 application server certified

• JBoss, an open-source application server from JBoss. A beta version of the JEE 5 version is available but this version is not certified [1].
• Geronimo, an open-source application server from Apache
• Pramati Server 5.0
• JOnAS, an open-source application server from ObjectWeb
• Oracle Application Server 10g
• Resin, an application server with integrated XML support
• SAP NetWeaver Application Server, Java EE 5 Edition from SAP
• Sun Java System Web Server
• Sun Java System Application Server Platform Edition 8.2
• IBM WebSphere Application Server (WAS)
• BEA Weblogic server 8

JBoss (pronounced Jay Boss) is an open source Java EE-based application server implemented in Java. ... The Geronimo project is an open source application server developed by the Apache Software Foundation and distributed under the Apache license. ... Jonas may refer to: Jonas (name) In Christianity: Justus Jonas, German Protestant reformer Saint Jonah, the Metropolitan bishop of Moscow Jonah, Old Testament prophet Jonas of Orléans, Bishop of Orléans (circa 760-841) In music: Jonas, young canadian rocker from Montréal Jonas, famous oratorio by Italian composer... Oracle Application Server 10g (g is for Grid), is an integrated, standards-based software platform. ... The abbreviation, acronym, or initialism SAP has several different meanings: SAP AG, a German software company, or its various products such as SAP R/3 or SAP Business Information Warehouse second audio program (television) Session Announcement Protocol Soritong audio player Simple As Possible Computer Architecture Structural Adjustment Program of the... SAP NetWeaver is SAPs integrated technology platform and is the technical foundation for all SAP applications since the SAP Business Suite. ... The abbreviation, acronym, or initialism SAP has several different meanings: SAP AG, a German software company, or its various products such as SAP R/3 or SAP Business Information Warehouse second audio program (television) Session Announcement Protocol Soritong audio player Simple As Possible Computer Architecture Structural Adjustment Program of the... Sun Java™ System Web Server (formerly Sun ONE Web Server, before that iPlanet Web Server, and before that Netscape Enterprise Server) is a web server designed for medium and large business applications. ... Sun Microsystems is a computer, semiconductor and software manufacturer headquartered in Santa Clara, California, in Silicon Valley. ... For other uses, see IBM (disambiguation) and Big Blue. ... IBM WebSphere Application Server is built using open standards such as the Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE), XML and Web Services. ... Bea or BEA, as a name or acronym, may refer to: // Bea, another name for the Aka-Bea language. ...

Publications

• Perrone, Paul J.; Chaganti, Krishna (2003). J2EE Developer's Handbook. Indianapolis, Indiana: Sam's Publishing. ISBN 0-672-32348-6. 
• Bodoff, Stephanie (2004). The J2EE Tutorial. Boston: Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-321-24575-X. 
• Solveig Haugland, Mark Cade, Anthony Orapallo: J2EE 1.4: The Big Picture, Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-148010-3
• Alan Monnox: Rapid J2EE Development: An Adaptive Foundation for Enterprise Applications, Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-147220-8
• Renaud Pawlak, Lionel Seinturier, Jean-Philippe Retaillé: Foundations of AOP for J2EE Development, ISBN 1-59059-507-6
• Christopher Judd, Hakeem Shittu: Pro Eclipse JST: Plug-ins for J2EE Development, ISBN 1-59059-493-2

Paul J. Perrone authored numerous books and articles on various software technologies. ...

See also

• Web container
• Deployment Descriptor
• Java BluePrints
• Sun Java System Portal Server

A servlet container comprises essentially the component of a web server that hosts and interacts with Java servlets. ... A Deployment Descriptor (DD) is an XML file that describes how a web application should be deployed. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... The Sun Java System Portal Server 7. ...

External links

• Java EE homepage
• Java EE 5 SDK
• Sun's Official Java EE Tutorial
• Sun's Java EE Training
• Sun's Java EE page - official documentation
• J2EE 1.4 API Javadocs
• Java EE 5 technologies and JSRs
• Sun's J2EE compatibility page - certified J2EE servers
• Javalobby.org - popular Java, JSP & J2EE developer forums
• Jim Farley 1 August 2000. (O'Reilly 2004.)
• JavaToolbox List of the available development tools and libraries for Java/J2EE
• Java BluePrints - Sun's best practices for Java 2, Enterprise Edition application development.
• JavaRSS.com - A Java portal of Java websites rich in Java & J2EE News, Articles, Blogs, Groups, Forums and Tags
• Enterprise Java Technologies Tech Tips
• Simpler J2EE - Getting started with J2EE
• Java EE Tips
• J2ee tutorials
• Nabble JEE Forum

is the 213th day of the year (214th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ...

Examples of Java EE application servers

• Apache Geronimo by Apache Software Foundation (http://geronimo.apache.org)
• BEA WebLogic (http://bea.com/framework.jsp?CNT=index.htm&FP=/content/products/server)
• Borland Enterprise Server (http://www.borland.com/bes/appserver)
• GlassFish Application Server (http://glassfish.dev.java.net)
• JBoss Application Server (http://www.jboss.org/products/jbossas)
• JOnAS by ObjectWeb consortium (Java Open Application Server, http://jonas.objectweb.org)
• JRun by Macromedia (http://www.macromedia.com/software/jrun/)
• Oracle Application Server (http://www.oracle.com/appserver)
• Orion Application Server by IronFlare (http://www.orionserver.com)
• Pramati Server (http://www.pramati.com)
• Sun Java System Application Server (http://www.sun.com/software/products/appsrvr/home_appsrvr.xml)
• WebObjects Application Server by Apple Computer (http://www.apple.com/webobjects)
• WebSphere Application Server by IBM (http://www-306.ibm.com/software/webservers/appserv/was/features)