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Encyclopedia > Java man
"Pithecanthropus erectus" redirects here. For the song and album by that title, see Pithecanthropus Erectus (album).

Java Man is the name given to fossils discovered in 1891 at Trinil on the banks of the Bengawan Solo River in East Java, Indonesia, one of the first known specimens of Homo erectus. Its discoverer, Eugène Dubois, gave it the scientific name Pithecanthropus erectus, a name derived from Greek and Latin roots meaning upright ape-man. Pithecanthropus Erectus is a 1956 album by jazz composer and bassist Charles Mingus. ... Trinil is a palaeoanthropological site on the banks of the Bengawan Solo River in Java, Indonesia. ... The Bengawan Solo River (alternatively, Solo River) is the longest river on the Indonesian island of Java, approximately 540 km in length. ... East Java (Indonesian: Jawa Timur) is a province of Indonesia. ... Binomial name (Dubois, 1892) Synonyms † Pithecanthropus erectus † Sinanthropus pekinensis † Javanthropus soloensis † Meganthropus paleojavanicus Homo erectus (Latin: upright man) is an extinct species of the genus Homo. ... Eugene Dubois (January 28, 1858 - December 16, 1940) was a Dutch anatomist, who earned world-wide fame with the discovery of Homo erectus in Java in 1891. ... In biology, binomial nomenclature is a standard convention used for naming species. ...

Contents

History and significance

Dubois' find was not a complete specimen, but consisted of a skullcap, a femur, and a few teeth. There is some dissent as to whether all these bones represent the same species[1]. A second, more complete specimen was later discovered in the village of Sangiran, Central Java, 18km to the north of Solo. This find, a skullcap of similar size to that found by Dubois, was discovered by Berlin-born paleontologist GHR von Koenigswald in 1936. Many more finds have subsequently been made at the Sangiran site [2] [needs better citation], although official reports remain critical of the site's "poor" presentation and interpretation [3]. The calvaria (or calva, or skullcap) is the roof of the skull. ... The femur or thigh bone is the longest, most voluminous, and strongest bone of the mammalian bodies. ... Types of teeth Molars are used for grinding up foods Carnassials are used for slicing food. ... Sangiran is an archaeological excavation site at the island of Java in Indonesia. ... Java (Indonesian, Javanese, and Sundanese: Jawa) is an island of Indonesia, and the site of its capital city, Jakarta. ... Surakarta (its formal name; locally it is referred to as Solo) is an Indonesian city of approximately 500,000 people located in Central Java. ... Professor Dr. Gustav Heinrich Ralph (often cited as G. H. R.) von Koenigswald (1902-1982) was a distinguished paleontologist and geologist who conducted research on hominins, including Homo erectus. ...


Until older human remains were discovered in the Great Rift Valley in Kenya, Dubois' and Koenigswald's discoveries were the oldest hominid remains ever found. Some scientists of the day suggested[citation needed] Dubois' Java Man as a potential intermediate form between modern humans and the common ancestor we share with the other great apes. The current consensus of anthropologists is that the direct ancestors of modern humans were African populations of Homo erectus (possibly Homo ergaster), rather than the Asian populations exemplified by Java Man and Peking Man. Northern section of the Great Rift Valley. ... Genera Subfamily Ponginae Pongo - Orangutans Gigantopithecus (extinct) Sivapithecus (extinct) Subfamily Homininae Gorilla - Gorillas Pan - Chimpanzees Homo - Humans Paranthropus (extinct) Australopithecus (extinct) Sahelanthropus (extinct) Ardipithecus (extinct) Kenyanthropus (extinct) Pierolapithecus (extinct) (tentative) The Hominids (Hominidae) are a biological family which includes humans, extinct species of humanlike creatures and the other great apes... Binomial name (Dubois, 1892) Synonyms † Pithecanthropus erectus † Sinanthropus pekinensis † Javanthropus soloensis † Meganthropus paleojavanicus Homo erectus (Latin: upright man) is an extinct species of the genus Homo. ... Binomial name †Homo ergaster Groves & Mazak, 1975 Homo ergaster (working man) is an extinct hominid species (or subspecies, according to some authorities) which lived throughout eastern and southern Africa between 1. ... Trinomial name Homo erectus pekinensis (Black, 1927) Peking Man (sometimes now called Beijing Man), also called Sinanthropus pekinensis (currently Homo erectus pekinensis), is an example of Homo erectus. ...


As with many notable hominid fossil finds, some creationists have attempted to downplay the evolutionary significance of Java Man by arguing the specimen should be considered either fully human or fully ape. An example of the former argument is the claim that Java Man is "a true member of the Human family"[4]; an example of the latter is the erroneous claim that Dubois himself later decided that Java Man was really a large Gibbon[5]. Creationism is generally the belief that the universe was created by a deity, or alternatively by one or more powerful and intelligent beings. ... Genera Hylobates Hoolock Nomascus Symphalangus Gibbons are the small apes that are grouped in the family Hylobatidae. ...


See also

Trinomial name Homo erectus pekinensis (Black, 1927) Peking Man (sometimes now called Beijing Man), also called Sinanthropus pekinensis (currently Homo erectus pekinensis), is an example of Homo erectus. ... List of fossil sites: // ^ http://www. ... Trinomial name Homo erectus soloensis (Oppenoorth, 1932) Homo erectus soloensis (formerly classified as Homo sapiens soloensis) is a subspecies of the extinct hominid, Homo erectus. ...

References

  1. ^ http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/homs/java.html
  2. ^ http://whc.unesco.org/pg.cfm?cid=31&id_site=593
  3. ^ http://whc.unesco.org/archive/2002/whc-02-conf202-17reve.pdf
  4. ^ Marvin L. Lubenow, Bones of Contention, page 87
  5. ^ http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/homs/gibbon.html

External links

v • d • e
Part of the series on Human evolution

Sahelanthropus tchadensis • Orrorin tugenensis • Ardipithecus • Kenyanthropus platyops For the history of humans on Earth, see History of the world. ... Genera Subtribe Panina Pan (chimpanzees) Subtribe Hominina Homo (humans) †Paranthropus †Australopithecus †Sahelanthropus †Orrorin †Ardipithecus †Kenyanthropus For an explanation of very similar terms see Hominid Hominini is the tribe of Homininae that only includes humans (Homo), chimpanzees (Pan), and their extinct ancestors. ... Binomial name Sahelanthropus tchadensis Sahelanthropus tchadensis is an early fossil hominid, approximately 7 million years old from the Miocene. ... Binomial name †Orrorin tugenensis Senut et al, 2001 Orrorin tugenensis is considered as the second oldest possible hominin ancestor related to modern humans (other than Sahelanthropus tchadensis) and is the only species classified in genus Orrorin. ... Species †Ardipithecus kadabba †Ardipithecus ramidus Ardipithecus is a very early hominin genus (subfamily Homininae). ... Binomial name †Kenyanthropus platyops Leakey et al. ...

Australopithecus: A. anamensis • A. afarensis • A. bahrelghazali • A. africanus • A. garhi Paranthropus: P. aethiopicus • P. boisei • P. robustus This term australopithecine refers to two very closely related hominin genera: Australopithecus Paranthropus When used alone, the term refers to both genera together. ... For the song by Modest Mouse, see Sad Sappy Sucker. ... Binomial name †Australopithecus anamensis Leakey et al, 1995 Australopithecus anamensis is a fossil species of Australopithecus. ... Binomial name Johanson & White, 1978 Australopithecus afarensis is an extinct hominid which lived between 3. ... Binomial name Australopithecus bahrelghazali Brunet et al. ... Binomial name Dart, 1925 Australopithecus africanus was an early hominid, an australopithecine, who lived between 2-3 million years ago in the Pliocene. ... Binomial name †Australopithecus garhi Asfaw et al, 1997 Australopithecus garhi is a gracile australopithecine species whose fossils were discovered in 1996 by a research team led by Ethiopian paleontologist Berhane Asfaw and including Tim White, an American paleontologist researcher. ... Species †Paranthropus aethiopicus †Paranthropus boisei †Paranthropus robustus The robust australopithecines, members of the extinct hominin genus Paranthropus (Greek para beside, Greek anthropos human), were bipedal hominins that probably descended from the gracile australopithecine hominins (Australopithecus). ... Binomial name †Paranthropus aethiopicus (Olson, 1985) Paranthropus aethiopicus is an extinct species of Paranthropus. ... Binomial name †Paranthropus boisei (Mary Leakey, 1959) Paranthropus boisei (originally called Zinjanthropus boisei and then Australopithecus boisei until recently) was an early hominid and described as the largest of the Paranthropus species. ... Binomial name Paranthropus robustus Broom, 1938 Paranthropus robustus was originally discovered in Southern Africa in 1938. ...

Humans and Proto-humans

Homo: H. habilis • H. rudolfensis • H. georgicus • H. ergaster • H. erectus (H. e. lantianensis • H. e. palaeojavanicus • H. e. pekinensis • H. e. soloensis) • H. cepranensis • H. antecessor • H. heidelbergensis • H. neanderthalensis • H. rhodesiensis • H. floresiensis • Homo sapiens (H. s. idaltu • H. s. sapiens) Species Homo sapiens See text for extinct species. ... Binomial name Leakey et al, 1964 Homo habilis (pronounced ) (handy man, skillful person) is a species of the genus Homo, which lived from approximately 2. ... Binomial name †Homo rudolfensis Alexeev, 1986 Homo rudolfensis is a fossil hominin species proposed in 1986 by V. P. Alexeev for the specimen Skull 1470 (KNM ER 1470)[1]. Originally thought to be a member of the species Homo habilis, the fossil was the center of much debate concerning its... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Binomial name †Homo ergaster Groves & Mazak, 1975 Homo ergaster (working man) is an extinct hominid species (or subspecies, according to some authorities) which lived throughout eastern and southern Africa between 1. ... Binomial name (Dubois, 1892) Synonyms † Pithecanthropus erectus † Sinanthropus pekinensis † Javanthropus soloensis † Meganthropus paleojavanicus Homo erectus (Latin: upright man) is an extinct species of the genus Homo. ... Trinomial name Homo erectus lantianensis (J.K.Woo, 1964) The Lantian Man, Homo erectus lantianensis, initially Sinanthropus lantianensis, (and sometimes Lantien Man) refers to an ancestral human whose discovery in 1963 was first described by J.K.Woo in 1964. ... Trinomial name †Homo erectus palaeojavanicus? Meganthropus is a name commonly given to several large jaw and skull fragments from Sangiran, Central Java. ... Trinomial name Homo erectus pekinensis (Black, 1927) Peking Man (sometimes now called Beijing Man), also called Sinanthropus pekinensis (currently Homo erectus pekinensis), is an example of Homo erectus. ... Trinomial name Homo erectus soloensis (Oppenoorth, 1932) Homo erectus soloensis (formerly classified as Homo sapiens soloensis) is a subspecies of the extinct hominid, Homo erectus. ... Binomial name †Homo cepranensis Mallegni et al, 2003 Homo cepranensis is a proposed name for a hominin species discovered in 1994 known from only one skull cap. ... Binomial name †Homo antecessor Bermudez de Castro et al. ... Binomial name †Homo heidelbergensis Schoetensack, 1908 Homo heidelbergensis (Heidelberg Man) is an extinct species of the genus Homo and the direct ancestor of Homo neanderthalensis in Europe. ... For other uses, see Neanderthal (disambiguation). ... Homo rhodesiensis (AKA Rhodesian Man, or Broken Hill Skull) is a homo species resembling Homo neandertalis, but whose remains were found in Africa. ... Binomial name P. Brown , 2004 Homo floresiensis (Man of Flores, nicknamed Hobbit) is the name for a possible species in the genus Homo, remarkable for its small body, small brain, and survival until relatively recent times. ... Trinomial name †Homo sapiens idaltu White et al, 2003 Homo sapiens idaltu (roughly translated as elderly wise man) is an extinct subspecies of Homo sapiens that lived almost 160,000 years ago in Pleistocene Africa. ... This article is about modern humans. ...

This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The following charts give a brief overview of several notable primate fossil finds relating to human evolution. ... Human evolutionary genetics studies how one human genome differs from the other, the evolutionary past that gave rise to it, and its current effects. ...

Notes

  1. ^ http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/homs/java.html
  2. ^ http://whc.unesco.org/pg.cfm?cid=31&id_site=593
  3. ^ http://whc.unesco.org/archive/2002/whc-02-conf202-17reve.pdf
  4. ^ Marvin L. Lubenow, Bones of Contention, page 87
  5. ^ http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/homs/gibbon.html

  Results from FactBites:
 
Java Man - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (338 words)
Java Man was one of the first specimens of Homo erectus to be discovered.
A second Java Man was later discovered in the village of Sangiran, Central Java, 18km to the north of Solo.
Many scientists of the day even suggested that Dubois' Java Man might have been the so-called "missing link", the creature that is supposed to provide the evolutionary connection between the apes and modern man. However, due to 19th Century skepticism, this theory was never credited to Dubois.
NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Java Man (870 words)
Java (7° S 109° E) is in a chain of islands with Kalimantan (Borneo) to the north, Sumatra to the northwest, Bali to the east, Borneo to the northeast and Christmas Island to the south.
The island of Java is also famous for the "Java man", a set of fossil remains of "Homo erectus" found near the Brantas river in East Java.
Based on his own theories about how brains had evolved and wishful thinking, Dubois did claim that Java Man was "a gigantic genus allied to the gibbons", but this was not, as creationists imply, a retraction of his earlier claims that it was an intermediate between apes and humans.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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