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Jean Charles de Menezes (7 January 1978–22 July 2005) was a Brazilian national living in the Tulse Hill area of south London. De Menezes was shot dead at Stockwell tube station on the London Underground by unnamed Metropolitan Police officers. Initially witnesses claimed incorrectly that he was wearing bulky clothing and that he had vaulted the ticket barriers running from police. A police spokeman said on the day that, "his clothing and behaviour added to their suspicions," and that he ran onto the train after police had issued warnings.[1] It soon became clear that de Menezes did not vault and run from the police, but police did not alter their statement until the correct information was leaked to the press. They later issued an apology, saying that they had mistaken him for a suspect in the previous day's failed bombings and acknowledging that de Menezes in fact had no explosives and was unconnected with the attempted bombings. The officers involved in killing de Menezes have not been charged; the jury at the corporate trial of the Metropolitan Police for violations of health and safety law attached a rare rider to their verdict that they attached "no personal culpability" to Deputy Assistant Commissioner Cressida Dick, the officer in charge of the operation that day. Image File history File links A photo of Jean Charles de Menezes dating to January 2001, another one vitima of the involuntary donations. ...
is the 7th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar). ...
Gonzaga is a municipality in the state of Minas Gerais, in Brazil. ...
Capital (and largest city) Belo Horizonte Demonym Mineiro Government - Governor Aécio Neves - Vice Governor Antônio Augusto Junho Anastasia Area - Total 588,528. ...
is the 203rd day of the year (204th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
One of the entrances to the Stockwell shelter, now decorated as a war memorial with input from pupils at a local school. ...
This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ...
is the 7th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar). ...
is the 203rd day of the year (204th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Tulse Hill is a district and hill in the London Borough of Lambeth in London, England. ...
This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ...
One of the entrances to the Stockwell shelter, now decorated as a war memorial with input from pupils at a local school. ...
The London Underground is an underground railway system - also known as a rapid transit system - that serves a large part of Greater London, United Kingdom and some neighbouring areas. ...
The Metropolitan Police Service (MPS) is the name currently used by the territorial police force which is responsible for Greater London other than the City of London (the responsibility of the City of London Police). ...
Wikinews has news related to: Four small explosions strike Londons transport system On 21 July 2005, four attempted bomb attacks disrupted part of Londons public transport system two weeks after the 7 July 2005 London bombings. ...
Biography The son of a bricklayer, de Menezes grew up on a farm in Gonzaga, Minas Gerais, Brazil. After discovering an early aptitude for electronics, he left the farm at age 14 to live with his uncle in São Paulo and further his education. At 19 he received a professional diploma from Escola Estadual (State School) São Sebastião. He had originally wanted to go to the United States of America but was refused a work visa. Gonzaga is a municipality in the state of Minas Gerais, in Brazil. ...
Capital (and largest city) Belo Horizonte Demonym Mineiro Government - Governor Aécio Neves - Vice Governor Antônio Augusto Junho Anastasia Area - Total 588,528. ...
This article is about the city. ...
The Home Office said he arrived in Britain on 13 March 2002, initially being granted a six-month visitor's visa. He then applied to stay on a student visa, receiving permission to remain until 30 June 2003. It said it had no record of any further correspondence. A spokeswoman added: "We have seen a copy of Mr de Menezes' passport, containing a stamp apparently giving him indefinite leave to remain in the UK. On investigation, this stamp was not one that was in use by the Immigration and Nationality Directorate on the date given." is the 72nd day of the year (73rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Also see: 2002 (number). ...
is the 181st day of the year (182nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The family of de Menezes however deny this, and then Foreign Secretary Jack Straw stated that he believed de Menezes was living in the UK legally.[2]
On Friday July 22, 2005 de Menezes was shot dead by Metropolitan Police armed officers. is the 203rd day of the year (204th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The Metropolitan Police Service (MPS) is the name currently used by the territorial police force which is responsible for Greater London other than the City of London (the responsibility of the City of London Police). ...
On Wednesday July 27, 2005, de Menezes' body was flown to Brazil for burial. His funeral took place in Gonzaga on July 29, 2005.[3] A public memorial service for de Menezes was presided over by Cormac Cardinal Murphy-O'Connor at Westminster Cathedral around the same time. is the 208th day of the year (209th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
is the 210th day of the year (211th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Cormac Cardinal Murphy-OConnor (born 24 August 1932 in Reading, Berkshire) is an English prelate, the Archbishop of Westminster and President of the Bishops Conference of England and Wales. ...
Westminster Cathedral from Victoria Street Westminster Cathedral in London, England, is the mother church of the Roman Catholic community in England and Wales and the Metropolitan Church and Cathedral for the Archbishop of Westminster. ...
Background to the shooting Almost all of the facts regarding the de Menezes shooting were initially disputed by various parties. Contradictory witness accounts, "off the record" statements from police, and media speculation added to the confusion. An ITV report on 16 August 2005 claimed to contain leaked documents from an IPCC investigation which provided additional information. For a summary of the facts and events initially disputed, see Disputed facts and events. For a step-by-step BBC news animated guide to what actually happened, from the day the trial concluded see: "What happened: Death of Jean Charles de Menezes", BBC News Online, 2007-11-01. (English) This article is about witnesses in law courts. ...
It has been suggested that Attribution (journalism) be merged into this article or section. ...
Independent Television (generally known as ITV, but also as ITV Network) is a public service network of British commercial television broadcasters, set up under the Independent Television Authority (ITA) to provide competition to the BBC. ITV is the oldest commercial television network in the UK. Since 1990 and the Broadcasting...
is the 228th day of the year (229th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The Independent Police Complaints Commission is a UK organisation tasked with overseeing and investigating complaints against UK police forces. ...
Jean Charles de Menezes (7 January 1978–22 July 2005) was a Brazilian national living in the Tulse Hill area of south London. ...
 21 July London Bombing Suspects
 Hussain Osman, whose description de Menezes allegedly matched based on the CCTV images. (NB this photo was taken later, after Osman was arrested.) On 22 July 2005, London police were searching for four suspects in four attempted bombings carried out the previous day; three at Underground stations and one on a bus in Hackney. As the perpetrators had not died in the failed suicide bombing, a large police investigation began immediately, with the aim of tracking them down. A written address on a gym membership card had been identified from materials found inside the unexploded bags used by the bombers, located within a three-storey block of nine flats in Scotia Road, Tulse Hill.[4] Image File history File links A photo collage showing the four primary suspects in the failed London Underground bombings of 21 July 2005. ...
Image File history File links A photo collage showing the four primary suspects in the failed London Underground bombings of 21 July 2005. ...
Image File history File links Osman_Hussain. ...
Image File history File links Osman_Hussain. ...
Hussain Osman after his arrest by Italian police Ethiopian Hamdi Adus Issac, originally reported as Osman Hussain is suspected of having placed an explosive at the Shepherds Bush tube station during the failed 21 July 2005 London bombings[1]. Born in Ethiopia, Hussain is a naturalised British citizen married...
is the 203rd day of the year (204th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The Metropolitan Police Service (MPS) is the name currently used by the territorial police force which is responsible for Greater London other than the City of London (the responsibility of the City of London Police). ...
The London Underground is an underground railway system - also known as a rapid transit system - that serves a large part of Greater London, United Kingdom and some neighbouring areas. ...
The London Borough of Hackney is a London Borough in the east end of London and part of inner London. ...
A suicide attack is an attack on a military or civilian target, in which an attacker intends to kill others, and knows that they will either certainly or most likely die in the process (see suicide). ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
At around 9:30 a.m., surveillance officers observing the address saw de Menezes emerge from the communal entrance of the block. The officers were watching three men who they claimed were Somali, Eritrean, or Ethiopian in appearance.
De Menezes, an electrician, lived in one of the flats with two of his cousins, and had just received a call to fix a broken fire alarm in Kilburn. A Wheelock MT-24-LSM fire alarm horn and strobe. ...
Kilburn is an area of North London on the border of the London Borough of Brent and the London Borough of Camden. ...
An officer on duty at Scotia Road compared de Menezes to the CCTV photographs of the bombing suspects from the previous day, and felt "it would be worth someone else having a look", but "was in the process of relieving [him]self", and was thus unable to immediately turn on a video camera to transmit images to Gold Command, the Metropolitan Police ("Met") operational headquarters for major incidents. This article refers to a surveillance system. ...
In British emergency planning, there is a standard emergency services command structure for major incidents. ...
On the basis of this officer's suspicion, Gold Command authorised officers to continue pursuit and surveillance, and that the suspect was to be prevented from entering the Tube system.
Documents from the independent agency investigation of the shooting later concluded that mistakes in police surveillance procedure led to a failure to properly identify de Menezes early on, leading to rushed assumptions and actions later at Stockwell Tube station.[5] One of the entrances to the Stockwell shelter, now decorated as a war memorial with input from pupils at a local school. ...
Pursuit and shooting The officers followed de Menezes for 5 minutes as he walked to a bus-stop on Tulse Hill for the Number 2 bus routes. As he boarded a bus, several plainclothes police officers boarded, continuing the pursuit. Stockwell tube station taken by C Ford, March 04. ...
Stockwell tube station taken by C Ford, March 04. ...
One of the entrances to the Stockwell shelter, now decorated as a war memorial with input from pupils at a local school. ...
At Brixton Station de Menezes briefly got off the bus, saw the station was closed, and reboarded the bus to continue to Stockwell. The three surveillance officers later stated that they were satisfied that they had the correct man, noting that he "had Mongolian eyes".[6] Finally the bus arrived at Stockwell Tube station, 3.3km (2 miles) away. Brixton Station may refer to: Brixton railway station Brixton tube station This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ...
One of the entrances to the Stockwell shelter, now decorated as a war memorial with input from pupils at a local school. ...
At some point during this journey, the pursuing officers contacted Gold Command, and reported that de Menezes potentially matched the description of two of the previous day's suspects, including Osman Hussain.[7] Based on this information, Gold Command authorized "code red" tactics, and ordered the surveillance officers to prevent de Menezes from boarding a train. According to a "senior police source at Scotland Yard", Police Commander Cressida Dick told the surveillance team that the man was to be "detained as soon as possible", before entering the station.[8] Gold Command then transferred control of the operation to SO19, which dispatched firearms officers to Stockwell Tube Station. Osman Hussain after his arrest by Italian police Osman Hussain at Westbourne Park station, 21 July 2005 Osman Hussain (or Hamdi Isaac) is suspected of having placed a faulty or mock explosive at the Shepherds Bush tube station during the failed 21 July 2005 London bombings. ...
Deputy Assistant Commissioner Cressida Dick (born 1960) is a senior officer in Londons Metropolitan Police. ...
The Force Firearms Unit (better known by its Specialist Operations designation SO19) is the department of the London Metropolitan Police which provides firearms-related support to the generally unarmed force. ...
At some point de Menezes phoned a colleague, Gesio de Avila, saying he would be late due to the disruption of public transport caused by the previous day's attempted bombings.
De Menezes entered the Tube station at about 10:00 a.m., stopping to pick up a free Metro newspaper. He used his Oyster card to pay the fare, walked through the barriers, and descended the escalator slowly. He then ran across the platform to board the newly-arrived train. De Menezes boarded the train and found one of the first available seats. The London Underground is an underground railway system - also known as a rapid transit system - that serves a large part of Greater London, United Kingdom and some neighbouring areas. ...
Cover for an issue of the Metro newspaper, October 25th 2004. ...
Front and back of an early Oyster card. ...
 De Menezes' body shown lying on the floor of a carriage, wearing a denim jacket. Three surveillance officers, codenamed Hotel 1, Hotel 3 and Hotel 9, followed de Menezes onto the train. According to Hotel 3, de Menezes sat down with a glass panel to his right about two seats in. Hotel 3 then took a seat on the left with about two or three people between the surveillance officer and de Menezes. When the firearms officers arrived on the platform, Hotel 3 moved to the door, blocked it from closing with their left foot, and shouted 'He's here!' to identify the suspect's location. Image File history File links UK Police photo that contradicts official account. ...
Image File history File links UK Police photo that contradicts official account. ...
The firearms officers boarded the train and may have challenged the suspect [citation needed], though later report indicates he was not challenged [9]. According to Hotel 3, de Menezes then stood up and advanced towards the officers and Hotel 3, at which point Hotel 3 grabbed him, pinned his arms against his torso, and pushed him back into the seat. Although de Menezes was being restrained, his body was straight and not in a natural sitting position. After Hotel 3 heard a shot close to their ear, the surveillance officer was dragged away onto the floor of the carriage. Hotel 3 then shouted 'Police!' and with hands raised was dragged out of the carriage by one of the armed officers who had boarded the train. Hotel 3 then heard several gunshots while being dragged out.[10] Two officers fired a total of eleven shots according to the number of empty shell casings found on the floor of the train afterwards. De Menezes was shot seven times in the head and once in the shoulder at close range, and died at the scene. An eyewitness later said that the eleven shots were fired over a thirty second period, at three second intervals.[11] A separate witness reported hearing five shots, followed at an interval by several more shots.[12] It later emerged that hollow point bullets had been employed and a senior police source said that de Menezes' body had been "unrecognisable." The bullets are illegal in warfare, but are widely used in law enforcement where it may often be necessary to quickly stop an armed assailant. A Home Office spokesman said, "Chief officers can use whatever ammunition they consider appropriate for the operational circumstances."[13] Immediately after the shooting, the Metropolitan Police stated that the shooting was "directly linked" to the investigation of the attempted bombings the previous day. It was revealed that police policy toward suspected suicide bombers had been revised, and that officers had been ordered to fire directly toward suspects' heads, the theory according to British authorities being that shooting at the chest could conceivably detonate a concealed bomb.[14] .357 Magnum rounds. ...
A suicide bombing is a bomb attack on people or property, committed by a person who knows the explosion will cause his or her own death (see suicide, suicide weapons). ...
The SO19 firearms officers involved in the shooting were debriefed and drugs and alcohol tests were taken as a standard procedure. The officers were taken off duty pending an investigation into the shooting.
Later, a security agency source said: “This take-out is the signature of a special forces operation. It is not the way the police usually do things. We know members of SO19 have been receiving training from the SAS, but even so, this has special forces written all over it.” [15] For other uses, see Special forces (disambiguation). ...
The Force Firearms Unit (better known by its Specialist Operations designation SO19) is the department of the London Metropolitan Police which provides firearms-related support to the generally unarmed force. ...
See also Australian Special Air Service Regiment and New Zealand Special Air Service: The Special Air Service Regiment (SAS) is the principal special forces unit of the British Army. ...
Aftermath of the shooting The day after the shooting, the Metropolitan Police identified the victim as Jean Charles de Menezes, and said that he had not been carrying explosives, nor was he connected in any way to the attempted bombings. They issued an apology describing the incident as "a tragedy, and one that the Metropolitan Police Service regrets."
The de Menezes' family condemned the shooting and rejected the apology. His grandmother said there was "no reason to think he was a terrorist." It was reported that the dead man's family were offered almost £585,000 compensation.[16]
His cousin, Alex Alves Pereira, said, "I believe my cousin's death was result of police incompetence." Pereira said that police claims regarding the incident had been conflicting, and took issue with their pursuit of de Menezes for an extended period and their allowing the "suspected suicide bomber" to board a bus. "Why did they let him get on a bus if they are afraid of suicide bombers?… He could have been running, but not from the police… When the Underground stops, everybody runs to get on the train. That he jumped over the barriers is a lie."[17]
The Brazilian government released a statement expressing its shock at the killing, saying that it looked forward "to receiving the necessary explanation from the British authorities on the circumstances which led to this tragedy." Foreign Minister Celso Amorim, who had already arranged to visit London, said he would seek a meeting with the UK's Foreign Secretary, Jack Straw. He later met ministers and had a telephone conversation with Straw. Celso Amorim Celso Luiz Nunes Amorim (born June 3, 1942 in Santos, São Paulo) has been the foreign minister of Brazil since 2003. ...
The Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (commonly referred to as Foreign Secretary) is a member of the British Government responsible for relations with foreign countries, heading the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (often called simply the Foreign Office). ...
John Whitaker Straw (born August 3, 1946) is a British Labour Party politician. ...
The Muslim Council of Britain expressed immediate concern about the apparent existence of a "shoot-to-kill" policy and called on police to make clear their reasons for shooting the man dead. The Muslim Council of Britain (MCB) is an unincorporated association founded in 1997 with the following aims: To promote co-operation, consensus and unity on Muslim affairs in the UK. To encourage and strengthen all existing efforts being made for the benefit of the Muslim community. ...
Operation Kratos is the code word used by the SO13 branch of Londons Metropolitan Police Service to refer to policies surrounding shoot-to-kill tactics to be used in dealing with suspected terrorists and suicide bombers. ...
Public reaction The reaction of the British public to the shooting was mixed. While some sympathised with the need for the police officer in question to make a split-second decision, and saw it as a case of collateral damage, others condemned the killings as an example of police brutality.[18] Collateral damage is a U.S. Military term for unintended or incidental damage during a military operation. ...
January 31 1919: David Kirkwood on the ground after being struck by batons of the Glasgow police Police brutality is a term used to describe the excessive use of physical force, assault, verbal attacks, and threats by police officers and other law enforcement officers. ...
The reaction of the Brazilian public was overwhelmingly negative. Protests and demonstrations were held in Brazil,[19] and some Brazilian commentators noted that incidents such as de Menezes' killing are more typical of a developing country such as Brazil than a developed nation like the UK.[20] The level of Brazilian protest raised criticism with some British commentators who noted that extra-judicial executions by the police in Brazil are far from rare. Others questioned whether the United Kingdom should use this standard to justify its own failing in this instance.
A vigil at Stockwell Station was held with some of the relatives on the Sunday immediately following the shooting and police apology. Another, called by the Stop the War Coalition, was held on the 25 July. They state that a thousand people attended and then several hundred people, led by a group of Brazilians (some of whom had been friends with Jean Charles), began an impromptu demonstration. When they approached Westminster they were stopped and turned back by police at Vauxhall Bridge, the location of the MI6 building.[21] The Stop the War Coalition (StWC) (informally just Stop the War) is a UK anti-war group set up on 21 September 2001. ...
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“Houses of Parliament†redirects here. ...
Vauxhall bridge looking downstream from the north bank. ...
The Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), commonly known as MI6 (Military Intelligence, Section 6),[1] is the United Kingdoms external intelligence agency. ...
On 23 August 2005 Dania Gorodi, whose sister Michelle Otto was killed in the 7 July 2005 London bombings, asked for an end to the criticism of Sir Ian Blair over the de Menezes shooting, which she felt had moved the media focus away from the bombings. "People have lost sight of the bigger picture," she said. "We need to support the police right now, not crucify one man. This is unprecedented in British history. He [Sir Ian] is doing the best he can."[22] is the 235th day of the year (236th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The 7 July 2005 London bombings (also called the 7/7 bombings) were a series of coordinated terrorist bomb blasts that hit Londons public transport system during the morning rush hour. ...
Sir Ian Blair, QPM (born 19 March 1953) is the Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police in London. ...
When on 12 September 2006 the Metropolitan Police Authority promoted Commander Cressida Dick to the role of Deputy Assistant Commissioner, the family said they were "absolutely disgusted".[23] is the 255th day of the year (256th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
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Independent Police Complaints Commission inquiry Several days after the discovery of the mistaken shooting, it was announced that the incident would be subject to an internal investigation by officers from Scotland Yard's Directorate of Professional Standards and would be referred to the Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC), as is the case with all fatal police shootings. New Scotland Yard, London New Scotland Yard, it blowwsssss often referred to simply as Scotland Yard or The Yard, is the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police Service, responsible for policing Greater London (although not the City of London itself). ...
The Independent Police Complaints Commission is a UK organisation tasked with overseeing and investigating complaints against UK police forces. ...
In the hours immediately after the shooting, Commissioner Sir Ian Blair telephoned the Chairman of the IPCC and wrote a letter to the Home Office stating that "the shooting that has just occurred at Stockwell is not to be referred to the IPCC and that they will be given no access to the scene at the present time." The Commissioner's intent, according to the letter later released by the Met under the Freedom of Information Act, was to protect the tactics and sources of information used in a counter-terrorism operation from public disclosure.[24] Sir Ian Blair, QPM (born 19 March 1953) is the Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police in London. ...
Controversy between the Met and IPCC On 18 August, lawyers representing the de Menezes family met with the IPCC and urged them to conduct a "fast" investigation. After the meeting the lawyers, Harriet Wistrich and Gareth Peirce, held a press conference where Ms. Peirce stated: "This has been a chaotic mess. What we have asked the IPCC to find out is how much is incompetence, negligence or gross negligence and how much of it is something sinister."[25] is the 230th day of the year (231st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Jean Gareth Peirce (born c. ...
On 18 August, the IPCC issued a statement in which they alleged that the "Metropolitan Police Service initially resisted us taking on the investigation".[26] They also announced that the inquiry was expected to last between three and six months. Initial press reports indicated that the inquiry was not handed over until 27 July,[27] though the IPCC itself announced it took over the inquiry on 25 July.[28] is the 230th day of the year (231st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
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In May 2006, the Metropolitan Police Federation released a 12-page statement which was highly critical of the IPCC in general, and specifically criticized the handling of the "Stockwell inquiry".[29] The Metropolitan Police Federation is a staff association that represents the interests of all police in the Metropolitan Police Service up to the rank of Chief Inspector. ...
Leak of inquiry On 16 August 2005 British broadcast network ITV released a report said to be based on leaked documents from the IPCC investigation. The report conflicted with previous statements by Police Chief Sir Ian Blair.[30] The Metropolitan Police and the IPCC refused comment on the allegations while the IPCC investigation was ongoing, though an anonymous 'senior police source' claimed that the leak was accurate. Lana Vandenberghe, the IPCC secretary thought to be responsible for the leak, was suspended.[31] is the 228th day of the year (229th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Independent Television (generally known as ITV, but also as ITV Network) is a public service network of British commercial television broadcasters, set up under the Independent Television Authority (ITA) to provide competition to the BBC. ITV is the oldest commercial television network in the UK. Since 1990 and the Broadcasting...
Sir Ian Blair, QPM (born 19 March 1953) is the Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police in London. ...
Metropolitan Police redirects here. ...
The IPCC launched an investigation into the leaking of the documents. On 21 September Leicestershire Constabulary Serious Crime Unit initiated dawn raids on behalf of the IPCC on one Scottish and two London residential premises, at which time Vandenberghe was arrested. On 5 October two more dawn raids took place, during which ITN journalist Neil Garrett and his girlfriend were arrested.[32] is the 264th day of the year (265th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
For other uses, see 5th October (Serbia). ...
Neil David Garrett was born in London on 20 September 1975 and is a Producer for ITV News. ...
On 4 May 2006 the Leicestershire Police and the Crown Prosecution Service announced that no charges would be filed against Vandenberghe, Garrett or his partner.[33] is the 124th day of the year (125th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
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Completion of Stockwell 1 According to a press release made on 9 December by the IPCC's chairman Nick Hardwick and John Tate, its Director of Legal Services, the inquiry's report will list some of the criminal offences that the commission thought may have been committed by police. Though without having reached any conclusions, they also admitted the commission's judgement would be a "lower threshold" than the standard prosecutors would apply in making any final decision to prosecute.[34] is the 343rd day of the year (344th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
On March 14, 2006, the IPCC announced that the first part of the inquiry, known as "Stockwell 1" had been completed and recommendations were passed on to the Metropolitan Police Authority and Crown Prosecution Service, but the report "[could not] be made public until all legal processes have concluded."[35] is the 73rd day of the year (74th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Stockwell 2 "Stockwell 2", the second part of the inquiry, focuses on the conduct of Sir Ian Blair and Andrew Hayman following the discovery of de Menezes' identity, was released on 2 August 2007.[36] The allegations are that MPS officers "made or concurred with inaccurate public statements concerning the circumstances of the death. The alleged inaccurate information included statements that Mr de Menezes had been wearing clothing and behaving in a manner which aroused suspicions." (ibid.) is the 214th day of the year (215th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
Brian Paddick On 17 March 2006, the Met was threatened with legal action by Deputy Assistant Commissioner, Brian Paddick. In evidence to the IPCC, Paddick had stated that a member of Sir Ian's private office team believed the wrong man had been targeted just six hours after the shooting, contrary to the official line taken at the time.[37] When this information became public, Scotland Yard issued a statement that the officer making the claim (Paddick) "has categorically denied this in his interview with, and statement to, the IPCC investigators". The statement continued that they "were satisfied that whatever the reasons for this suggestion being made, it is simply not true." Paddick's interpretation of this statement was that it accused him of lying.[38] is the 76th day of the year (77th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis (usually just referred to as the Metropolitan Police Commissioner or, more colloquially, as the Met Commissioner) is the head of the Metropolitan Police Service in London. ...
Deputy Assistant Commissioner Brian Paddick is a senior officer in the Metropolitan Police in London. ...
New Scotland Yard, London New Scotland Yard, it blowwsssss often referred to simply as Scotland Yard or The Yard, is the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police Service, responsible for policing Greater London (although not the City of London itself). ...
After a statement was released on 28 March by the Met that it "did not intend to imply" a senior officer had misled the probe into the shooting of Jean Charles de Menezes, Mr. Paddick accepted the "clarification" and considered the matter closed.[39] is the 87th day of the year (88th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Result of CPS investigation In July 2006, the Crown Prosecution Service, which like the IPCC operates independently of the Metropolitan Police, announced that it would not carry forward any charges against any individual involved in the shooting of Jean Charles de Menezes. The Metropolitan Police did, however, face charges under sections 3(1) and 33(1)(a) of the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 for "failing to provide for the health, safety and welfare of Jean Charles de Menezes".[40] The decision not to prosecute individuals was made on the grounds of insufficient evidence.[41] The family of de Menezes are appealing that decision in the High Court.[42] The Crown Prosecution Service, or CPS, is a non-ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom responsible for public prosecutions of people charged with criminal offences in England and Wales. ...
The Independent Police Complaints Commission is a UK organisation tasked with overseeing and investigating complaints against UK police forces. ...
Metropolitan Police redirects here. ...
Metropolitan Police redirects here. ...
The Health and Safety at Work etc. ...
The Metropolitan Police entered a not guilty plea to the charges, "after the most careful consideration".[43] The trial started on October 1, 2007.[44] Metropolitan Police redirects here. ...
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Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
On November 1, 2007 The Metropolitan Police were found guilty of the above offences, and were fined £175,000, with £385,000 legal costs. [1] The Metropolitan Police published a terse release about this decision. [2] and Len Duvall, Chair of the Metropolitan Police Authority, asked that the full report on the investigation be published. [3] is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
Metropolitan Police redirects here. ...
Metropolitan Police redirects here. ...
Len Duvall OBE is a Labour Party politician and member of the London Assembly. ...
Controversy over police procedure Much discussion following the shooting centred on the rules of engagement followed by armed police when dealing with suspected suicide bombers. Roy Ramm, a former commander of specialist operations for the Metropolitan Police, said that the rules had been changed to permit officers to "shoot to kill" potential suicide bombers, because a head shot is the only way to disable the bomber without risking detonating their explosives.[45] This article describes the military term of the rules of engagement. ...
Operation Kratos is the code word used by the SO13 branch of Londons Metropolitan Police Service to refer to policies surrounding shoot-to-kill tactics to be used in dealing with suspected terrorists and suicide bombers. ...
The possibility of a police confrontation with a suicide bomber in the United Kingdom had reportedly been discussed following the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 in the United States. Based on this possibility, new guidelines were developed for identifying, confronting, and dealing forcefully with terrorist suspects. These guidelines were given the code name "Operation Kratos".[46] A sequential look at United Flight 175 crashing into the south tower of the World Trade Center The September 11, 2001 attacks (often referred to as 9/11—pronounced nine eleven or nine one one) consisted of a series of coordinated terrorist[1] suicide attacks upon the United States, predominantly...
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Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ...
A code name or cryptonym is a word or name used clandestinely to refer to another name or word. ...
Operation Kratos is the code word used by the SO13 branch of Londons Metropolitan Police Service to refer to policies surrounding shoot-to-kill tactics to be used in dealing with suspected terrorists and suicide bombers. ...
Based in part on advice from the security forces of Israel and Sri Lanka — two countries with experience of suicide bombings — Operation Kratos guidelines allegedly state that the head or lower limbs should be aimed at when a suspected suicide bomber appears to have no intention of surrendering. This is contrary to the usual practice of aiming at the torso, which presents the biggest target. A successful hit to the torso may detonate an explosive belt.[47] The human torso Torso is an anatomical term for the greater part of the human body without the head and limbs. ...
The human torso Torso is an anatomical term for the greater part of the human body without the head and limbs. ...
Sir Ian Blair appeared on television on 24 July 2005 to accept responsibility for the error on the part of the Metropolitan Police, and to acknowledge and defend the "shoot to kill" policy, saying: is the 205th day of the year (206th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
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- "There is no point in shooting at someone's chest because that is where the bomb is likely to be. There is no point in shooting anywhere else if they fall down and detonate it."[48]
The Met's commissioner Sir Ian Blair, and his predecessor Lord Stevens, had expressed concern about the legal position of police officers who might kill suspected suicide bombers. There is no explicit legal requirement for armed officers to warn a suspect before firing, although guidelines published by the Association of Chief Police Officers say that this "should be considered". A potential suicide bomber is thought to represent a circumstance where warning the suspect may put the public at greater risk because the bomber may detonate his explosives after being warned.[49] John Arthur Stevens, Baron Stevens of Kirkwhelpington, QPM, DL, FRSA (born 21 October 1942) was Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis (head of the Metropolitan Police Service) from 2000 until 2005. ...
The Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO) is the lead organisation for developing police policy in the United Kingdom (except Scotland). ...
Lord Stevens defended the policy he introduced, despite the error that had been made. Azzam Tamimi of the Muslim Association of Britain was critical, saying: "I just cannot imagine how someone pinned to the ground can be a source of danger." Other leaders of the UK's Muslim community took a similar view. [50] Ken Livingstone, the Mayor of London, defended the police as having acted in the way they thought appropriate at the time, and with the aim of protecting the public.[51] John Arthur Stevens, Baron Stevens of Kirkwhelpington, QPM, DL, FRSA (born 21 October 1942) was Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis (head of the Metropolitan Police Service) from 2000 until 2005. ...
Azzam Tamimi is a Palestinian-Briton academic. ...
MAB logo The Muslim Association of Britain (MAB) is an Islamist group in the United Kingdom established in 1997. ...
For people named Islam, see Islam (name). ...
Kenneth Robert Livingstone (born June 17, 1945) is an English politician who became Mayor of London on the creation of the post in 2000. ...
Ken Livingstone, the current Mayor of London The Mayor of London is an elected politician in London, United Kingdom. ...
The Jean Charles de Menezes Family Campaign
 Shrine to Jean Charles de Menezes outside Stockwell Underground Station On 16 August 2005, the Jean Charles de Menezes Family Campaign, also known as "Justice4Jean", began calling for a public inquiry into the shooting. In 2005, the Justice4Jean campaign stated its aims as being to: Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2272 × 1704 pixel, file size: 2. ...
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2272 × 1704 pixel, file size: 2. ...
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- find out the truth about Jean’s unlawful killing
- bring those responsible for his death to justice
- end the ‘Shoot to Kill’ policy and so prevent a similar tragedy happening again[52]
A fourth objective, "to campaign against the rising tide of racism and the attack on civil liberties in the UK", was removed from the site in a subsequent site redesign, but was present at the site's inception and in early press releases.[53]
As there has been no legal process to assess the lawfulness or otherwise of the killing, critics argue that the inclusion of 'unlawful' in the Campaign's first aim reflects a prejudging of the issue. Critics such as Conservative Party London Assemblyman Brian Coleman have suggested that the involvement of Asad Rehman, a former leader of the Stop the War Coalition and adviser to MP George Galloway, in the Justice4Jean campaign shows that the family's campaign had been "hijacked" and the death of de Menezes was being used to "advance a political aim."[54] The London Assembly is an elected body that supervises the Greater London Authority and the Mayor of London. ...
Brian Coleman is a Conservative Party politician and member of the London Assembly for Barnet and Camden. ...
The Stop the War Coalition (StWC) (informally just Stop the War) is a UK anti-war group set up on 21 September 2001. ...
A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a parliament. ...
George Galloway,. (born 16 August 1954 in Dundee) is a Scottish politician and author noted for his left-wing views, confrontational style, and rhetorical skill. ...
Galloway's secretary said that Rehman was acting in "a personal capacity, … not in his role as political adviser". De Menezes family members Alessandro Pereira and Vivien Figueiredo have stated that "the campaign is not using or manipulating us."[55]
The family campaign has organised three events in 2005:
- On 29 July 2005, a vigil in Parliament Square and a multifaith memorial service at Westminster Cathedral were held at the same time as Jean's funeral in Brazil.
- On 22 August 2005, a petition asking for a public inquiry was delivered to Downing Street by de Menezes family member Alessandro Pereira and members of Justice4Jean. The protestors made their way from Downing Street to Scotland Yard, together with the relatives of Paul Coker and Azelle Rodney, individuals who also died in London police incidents in 2005.[56]
- On 10 October 2005, the campaign was publicly launched at the London School of Economics with de Menezes' parents, the family lawyer Gareth Peirce, Bianca Jagger, Matthew Taylor MP and Irene Khan from Amnesty International.
The family and their campaign continue to be actively supported in their struggle for justice by Newham Monitoring Project and on 22 July 2007 held a minute of silence outside Stockwell Tube station to commemorate the second anniversary of Jean's death. Two days earlier the campaign projected a massive image, 20 m x 30 m, of Jean's face with the slogan "Two Years, No Justice" on the walls of the Houses of Parliament.[57] is the 210th day of the year (211th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
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is the 234th day of the year (235th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Prime Minister Tony Blair and U.S. Vice President Dick Cheney stand in front of the famous main door to Number 10. ...
New Scotland Yard, London New Scotland Yard, it blowwsssss often referred to simply as Scotland Yard or The Yard, is the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police Service, responsible for policing Greater London (although not the City of London itself). ...
Greater London is the top-level administrative subdivision covering London, England. ...
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Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Jean Gareth Peirce (born c. ...
Bianca Jagger at the Dropping Knowledge projects Table of Free Voices in Berlin, September 2006 Bianca Jagger (born Bianca Pérez Morena de MacÃas on May 2, 1950, in Managua, Nicaragua) is a social and human rights advocate. ...
Matthew Taylor Matthew Owen John Taylor (born 3 January 1963) is a politician in the United Kingdom. ...
Irene Zubaida Khan (born December 24, 1956 in Dhaka, East Pakistan) is the Secretary General of Amnesty International, a human rights organization. ...
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Amnesty international Amnesty International (commonly known as Amnesty or AI) is an international non-governmental organization which defines its mission as to undertake research and action focused on preventing and ending grave abuses of the rights to physical and mental integrity, freedom of conscience...
Newham Monitoring Project (NMP) is a grassroots community-based anti-racist organisation in the borough of Newham, East London, England working against racial discrimination / violence, police misconduct and around civil rights issues. ...
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Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...
Disputed facts and events Many of the "disputed" facts in this section were very quickly resolved. Some were later demonstrated as being patently false and to be fabrications of various "eyewitnesses" and journalists, with the media drawing connections between the incident and similar incidents investigated by the Devlin committee.[58] The Devlin committee was a UK committee based on the Devlin report of 1976, which looked at a number of criminal cases in order to draw conclusions on the method of visual identification of suspects. ...
Clothing With regards to his dress on the day of the shooting The Observer reported that he was dressed in "baseball cap, blue fleece and baggy trousers." Mark Whitby, a witness to the shooting, told Reuters that he observed de Menezes wearing a large winter coat, which "looked out of place".[59] Vivien Figueiredo, a cousin of de Menezes, was later told by police that de Menezes was wearing a denim jacket on the day of the shooting.[60] Anthony Larkin, another eyewitness, told the BBC that de Menezes appeared to be wearing a "bomb belt with wires coming out." Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...
Reuters Group plc (LSE: RTR and NASDAQ: RTRSY); pronounced is known as a financial market data provider and a news service that provides reports from around the world to newspapers and broadcasters. ...
For other uses, see BBC (disambiguation). ...
Explosive belt (technically, a vest) worn by a Palestinian bomber captured by Israeli police An explosive belt (also called suicide belt, suicide vest or shaheed belt) is a vest packed with explosives and armed with a detonator, worn by suicide bombers. ...
Based on these eyewitness reports, press speculation at the time said that wearing such heavy clothing on a warm day raised suspicions that de Menezes was hiding explosives underneath, and was therefore a potential suicide bomber. At the time of the shooting, the temperature in London (at a Heathrow Airport weather station) was about 17 °C (62 °F).[61] A suicide bombing is an attack using a bomb in which the individual(s) carrying the explosive materials composing the bomb intend(s) and expect(s) to die upon detonation (see suicide). ...
London Heathrow Airport (IATA airport code: LHR, ICAO airport code: EGLL, and often simply Heathrow) is the United Kingdoms busiest and best-connected airport. ...
Celsius is, or relates to, the Celsius temperature scale (previously known as the centigrade scale). ...
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No device resembling a bomb belt was reported as found. De Menezes was also not carrying a tool bag, since he had left it with his work colleague the previous evening. According to the report on leaked IPCC documents, de Menezes was wearing a pair of jeans and a light denim jacket. This was confirmed by a photo of his body on the floor of the carriage after the shooting.[62]
Police challenge Police initially stated that they challenged de Menezes and ordered him to stop outside Stockwell station. Metropolitan Police Commissioner Sir Ian Blair said in a later press conference that a warning was issued prior to the shooting. Lee Ruston, an eyewitness who was waiting on the platform, said the police did not identify themselves. The Times reported "senior police sources" as saying that police policy would not require a warning to be given to a suspected suicide bomber before lethal action was taken.[63] The Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis (usually just referred to as the Metropolitan Police Commissioner or, more colloquially, as the Met Commissioner) is the head of the Metropolitan Police Service in London. ...
Sir Ian Warwick Blair, QPM (born 19 March 1953) is Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police (head of the Metropolitan Police Service). ...
The Times is a national newspaper published daily in the United Kingdom (and the Kingdom of Great Britain before the United Kingdom existed) since 1788 when it was known as The Daily Universal Register. ...
The leaked IPCC documents indicated that de Menezes was seated on the train carriage when the SO19 armed unit arrived. A shout of 'police' may have been made, but the suspect never really had an opportunity to respond before he was shot. The leaked documents indicated that he was restrained by an undercover officer before being shot. The Force Firearms Unit (better known by its Specialist Operations designation SO19) is the department of the London Metropolitan Police which provides firearms-related support to the generally unarmed force. ...
Ticket barrier Witnesses stated that up to twenty police officers in plain clothes pursued de Menezes into Stockwell station, that he jumped over the ticket barrier, ran down an escalator and tried to jump onto a train.[64] The de Menezes' family were briefed by the police that their son did not jump over the ticket barrier and may have used a Travelcard to pass through; this was subsequently confirmed by CCTV recordings shown at the Metropolitan Police's trial.[60] One Day Travelcard issued at a National Rail outlet A Travelcard is an inter-modal ticket, valid for a period of time varying from one day to a year, for use on most public transport in London. ...
The pathologist's post mortem report, which was written in the presence of senior police officers five days after the shooting, recorded that Jean “vaulted over the ticket barriers” and that he “ran down the stairs of the tube station”. By this time the police knew that this version of events was incorrect.[65]
Police initially refused to release CCTV footage while the IPCC investigation was ongoing, even to the family. It had been suggested that the man reported by eyewitnesses as jumping over the barrier may have been one of the police officers in pursuit.[66]
CCTV footage made available to the press following the Health and Safety prosecution of the Police show him passing through the barrier normally using his pre-paid Oyster card. Front and back of an early Oyster card. ...
Missing CCTV footage Initial UK media reports suggested that no CCTV footage was available from the Stockwell station, as recording media had not been replaced after being removed for examination after the previous day's attempted bombings. Other reports stated that faulty cameras on the platform were the reason for the lack of video evidence. An anonymous source confirmed that CCTV footage was available for the ticket area, but that there was a problem with the platform coverage. The source suggested that there was no useful CCTV footage from the platform or the train carriage.[67] This article refers to a surveillance system. ...
Extracts from a later police report stated that examination of the platform cameras had produced no footage. It said: "It has been established that there has been a technical problem with the CCTV equipment on the relevant platform and no footage exists." It also reported there was no footage from CCTV in the carriage where de Menezes was shot, saying "Although there was on-board CCTV in the train, due to previous incidents, the hard drive had been removed and not replaced."
The platform CCTV system is maintained by the Tube Lines consortium in charge of maintaining the Northern Line; unofficial sources from inside the company insisted that the cameras were in working order. It was also reported that London Underground sources insisted that at least three of the four cameras trained on the Stockwell Tube platform were in full working order, and rejected suggestions that the cameras had not been fitted with new tapes after police took away footage from the previous day, 21 July, when suspects in the failed bombings caught trains there.[68] is the 202nd day of the year (203rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Motivations Several reasons were initially posited by media sources and family members for why de Menezes may have run from police, as indicated by initial reports. A few weeks prior, he had been attacked by a gang and may have perceived that he was in a similar situation upon seeing plainclothes officers chasing him. Several sources have speculated that irregularities about his immigration status may have given him reason to be wary of the police.[69] de Menezes' student visa had expired, he was working illegally and some suggest fearful of being deported by authorities.[70] The Sydney Morning Herald reported that a work colleague believed that de Menezes ran simply because he was late for his job.[71] For other uses, see Gang (disambiguation). ...
Plainclothes often refers to a member of law enforcement, such as a detective or police officer, who, instead of wearing a uniform typically associated with the occupation, will wear ordinary clothes, in order to avoid detection or identification as a member of law enforcement. ...
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It was later indicated by the leaked IPCC documents that de Menezes may have run across the platform to get a seat on the train, and did not know at the time that he was being watched or pursued.
Gunshots It was initially stated by police that de Menezes was shot five times in the head. Mark Whitby, a passenger on the train de Menezes had run onto, said: "one of [the police officers] was carrying a black handgun—it looked like an automatic—He half tripped… they pushed him to the floor, bundled on top of him and unloaded five shots into him." Another passenger, Dan Copeland, said: "an officer jumped on the door to my left and screamed, 'Everybody out!' People just froze in their seats cowering for a few seconds and then leapt up. As I turned out the door onto the platform, I heard four dull bangs."[72] de Menezes' cousin Alex Pereira, who lived with him, asserted that de Menezes had been shot from behind: "I pushed my way into the morgue. They wouldn't let me see him. His mouth was twisted by the wounds and it looked like he had been shot from the back of the neck." Later reports confirmed that Jean Charles de Menezes was shot a total of eight times: seven times in the head and once in the shoulder.[73]
The leaked IPCC documents also indicated that an additional three shots had missed de Menezes. One witness claimed that the shots were evenly distributed over a timespan of thirty seconds. However this has not been substantiated by other witness reports or the leaked IPCC documents.[74]
Involvement of special forces Several commentators suggested that special forces may have been involved in the shooting. Professor Michael Clarke, Professor of Defence Studies at King's College London, went as far as to say that unless there had been a major change in policy it was likely that it was not the police who had carried out the shooting, but special forces: For other uses, see Special forces (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Kings College. ...
- "To have bullets pumped into him like this suggests quite a lot about him and what the authorities, whoever they are, assumed about him. The fact that he was shot in this way strongly suggests that it was someone the authorities knew and suspected he was carrying explosives on him. […] You don't shoot somebody five times if you think you might have made a mistake and may be able to arrest him. […] Even Special Branch and SO19 are not trained to do this sort of thing. It's plausible that they were special forces or elements of special forces."[45]
Later, on 4 August 2005, The Guardian reported that the newly-created Special Reconnaissance Regiment (SRR), a special forces unit specialising in covert surveillance, were involved in the operation that led to the shooting. The anonymous Whitehall sources who provided the story stressed that the SRR were involved only in intelligence-gathering, and that de Menezes was shot by armed police not by members of the SRR or other soldiers. Defence sources would not comment on speculation that SRR soldiers were among the plainclothes officers who followed de Menezes on to the No. 2 bus.[75] On 21 August, the Sunday Herald reported that SRR men are believed to have been in the tube train when |
