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Encyclopedia > Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst
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Jeffrey Amherst by Joshua Reynolds
Jeffrey Amherst by Joshua Reynolds

Jeffrey Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst (sometimes spelled Geoffrey, he himself spelled his name as Jeffery) (January 29, 1717August 3, 1797) served as an officer in the British Army. Painting by Joshua Reynolds, scanned from the plate in: Parker, Gilbert; Old Quebec; 1903, New York, Macmillan This image is in the public domain because its copyright has expired in the United States and those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 100 years. ... Jump to: navigation, search January 29 is the 29th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Insert non-formatted text hereMedia:Example. ... Jump to: navigation, search August 3 is the 215th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (216th in leap years), with 150 days remaining. ... 1797 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. ...


Born in Sevenoaks, England, he became a soldier at the approximate age of 14. He gained fame during the Seven Years' War, particularly in the North American campaign known in the United States as the French and Indian War. Sevenoaks is a town in Kent, in south-east England. ... Jump to: navigation, search The Seven Years War (1754 and 1756–1763) pitted Great Britain, Prussia, and Hanover against France, Austria, Russia, Sweden, and Saxony. ... Jump to: navigation, search The French and Indian War is the American name for the decisive nine-year conflict (1754-1763) in North America between the Kingdom of Great Britain and France, which was one of the theatres of the Seven Years War. ...


Amherst led the British attack in 1758 on Louisbourg (the Siege of Louisbourg), and as leader of the British army in North America, helped the British seize most French territory in Canada. In 1759 he led an advance up Lake Champlain assisting in Wolfe's capture of Quebec City and on September 8, 1760, he captured Montreal ending French rule in North America, where he infuriated the French commanders by refusing them the "honours of war" (the ceremonial right to retain their flags); the Duke of Lévis burned the colours rather than surrendering them. He held the position of military governor of Canada from 1760 to 1763. Fortress Louisbourg (fr. ... Fortress Louisbourg (fr. ... Landsat photo Lake Champlain, named for the French explorer Samuel de Champlain, who encountered it 1609, is a large lake in North America, mostly within the borders of the United States (states of Vermont and New York) but partially situated across the US-Canada border in Quebec. ... The Death of General Wolfe by Benjamin West. ... Motto: Don de Dieu feray valoir (Gift of God shall make prosper) Area: 547. ... 1760 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search City motto: Concordia Salus (Latin: Well-being through harmony) Province Quebec Mayor Gérald Tremblay Area  - % water 500. ... Jump to: navigation, search A governor is also a device that regulates the speed of a machine. ...


The hostility between the British and Native Americans ("Indians") after the French and Indian War led to the first documented attempt at biological warfare in North American history. In response to the 1763 uprising known as Pontiac's Rebellion, Amherst suggested using smallpox as a weapon for ending the rebellion. In a series of letters to his subordinate Colonel Henry Bouquet, the two men discussed the possibility of infecting the attacking Indians with smallpox through gifts of blankets that had been exposed to the disease. Apparently unbeknownst to both Amherst and Bouquet, the commander at Fort Pitt had already attempted this very tactic. Although Amherst's name is usually connected with this incident because he was the overall commander and because of his correspondence with Bouquet, from the evidence it appears that the attempt was made without Amherst's prior knowledge. (See Pontiac's Rebellion for more details.) Jump to: navigation, search Native Americans is a term which has several different common meanings and scope, according to regional use and context. ... Jump to: navigation, search Pontiacs Rebellion was a war launched in 1763 by Native Americans who were dissatisfied with British rule in the Great Lakes region and the Ohio Country after the British victory in the French and Indian War. ... Smallpox (also known by the Latin names Variola or Variola vera) is a highly contagious disease unique to humans. ... Henry Bouquet (1719 – September 2, 1765) was a noted British army officer in the French and Indian War and Pontiacs War. ... Jump to: navigation, search Fort Pitt was a fort in what is now Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. ... Jump to: navigation, search Pontiacs Rebellion was a war launched in 1763 by Native Americans who were dissatisfied with British rule in the Great Lakes region and the Ohio Country after the British victory in the French and Indian War. ...

Jeffrey Amherst by Thomas Gainsborough, circa 1789

The towns of Amherst, Massachusetts, location of Amherst College, Amherst, Nova Scotia, Amherst, New York and Amherst Island Ontario were named for him. Jump to: navigation, search Amherst is a town located in Hampshire County, Massachusetts. ... Jump to: navigation, search Amherst College is an independent liberal arts college in Amherst, Massachusetts, USA. It is the third oldest college in Massachusetts. ... Amherst is a town in Cumberland County, Nova Scotia, Canada, approximately 194 kilometres northwest of Halifax, Nova Scotia. ... Amherst, named the safest town in America, is located in Erie County, New York, directly northeast of the City of Buffalo. ... Amherst Island is an island in Lake Ontario near Kingston, Ontario. ...


See also: List of Canadian Governors General The following is a list of the Governors and Governors General of Canada and the previous territories and colonies that now make up the country. ...


External links

  • Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
  • Historical Biographies: Jeffrey Amherst
  • Amherst and Smallpox

Bibliography

  • Long, Lord. Jeffery Amherst: A Soldier of the King. New York: MacMillan, 1933.
  • Amherst and the conquest of Canada : selected papers from the correspondence of Major-General Jeffrey Amherst while Commander-in-Chief in North America from September 1758 to December 1760 / edited by Richard Middleton. Stroud : Sutton Publishing for the Army Records Society, 2003. ISBN 0750931426.
Preceded by:
The Earl of Loudoun
Crown Governor of Virginia
1759–1768
Succeeded by:
John Blair
Preceded by:
New Office
Governor General of British North America
1760–1763
Succeeded by:
James Murray
Preceded by:
Vacant
Commander-in-Chief of the Forces
1778–1782
Succeeded by:
Sir Henry Seymour Conway
Preceded by:
Sir Henry Seymour Conway
Commander-in-Chief of the Forces
1783–1795
Succeeded by:
The Duke of York
Preceded by:
New Creation
Baron Amherst
Succeeded by:
Extinct
Baron Amherst
Succeeded by:
William Pitt Amherst

  Results from FactBites:
 
Amherst, Jeffery, 1st Baron Amherst (227 words)
Less recognized than James WOLFE, Amherst was the ultimate conqueror of Canada in the SEVEN YEARS' WAR.
Influential patrons gained Amherst command of an expedition against LOUISBOURG in 1758.
Amherst left North America in November 1763 for England, where his handling of the earlier PONTIAC uprising provoked criticism.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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