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Encyclopedia > Jerboa
iJerboa
Fossil range: Middle Miocene - Recent
Jaculus jaculus
Jaculus jaculus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Rodentia
Superfamily: Dipodoidea
Family: Dipodidae
Fischer de Waldheim, 1817
Genera

10 genera in 5 subfamilies The Miocene epoch is a period of time that extends from about 23 to 5. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1534x2234, 517 KB) Original caption: Wüstenspringmaus Translation (partly): lesser Egyptian jerboa, Jaculus jaculus Size: 5. ... Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ... Phyla Subregnum Parazoa Porifera Subregnum Agnotozoa Placozoa Orthonectida Rhombozoa Subregnum Eumetazoa Radiata (unranked) Ctenophora Cnidaria Bilateria (unranked) Acoelomorpha Myxozoa Superphylum Deuterostomia Chordata Hemichordata Echinodermata Chaetognatha Superphylum Ecdysozoa Kinorhyncha Loricifera Priapulida Nematoda Nematomorpha Onychophora Tardigrada Arthropoda Superphylum Platyzoa Platyhelminthes Gastrotricha Rotifera Acanthocephala Gnathostomulida Micrognathozoa Cycliophora Superphylum Lophotrochozoa Sipuncula Nemertea Phoronida Bryozoa... {{{subdivision_ranks}}} See below Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates. ... Orders Multituberculata (extinct) Palaeoryctoides (extinct) Triconodonta (extinct) Subclass Australosphenida Ausktribosphenida Monotremata Subclass Eutheria (excludes extinct ancestors) Afrosoricida Anagaloidea (extinct) Arctostylopida (extinct) Artiodactyla Carnivora Cetacea Chiroptera Cimolesta (extinct) Cingulata Creodonta (extinct) Condylarthra (extinct) Dermoptera Desmostylia (extinct) Dinocerata (extinct) Embrithopoda (extinct) Hyracoidea Insectivora Lagomorpha Leptictida (extinct) Litopterna (extinct) Macroscelidea Mesonychia (extinct) Notoungulata... Suborders Sciuromorpha Castorimorpha Myomorpha Anomaluromorpha Hystricomorpha Rodentia is an order of mammals (Mammalia). ... families Zapodidae (Jumping Mice) Dipodidae (Jerboas) Dipodoidea is a superfamily of rodents that includes Jumping Mice and Jerboas. ... Johann Gotthelf Fischer von Waldheim (October 13, 1771 – October 18, 1853) was a German anatomist, entomologist and paleontologist. ... In biology, a genus (plural genera) is a taxonomic grouping. ...

Jerboas are the members of the family Dipodidae; they are small jumping desert rodents of Asia and northern Africa that resemble mice with a long tufted tail and very long hind legs. The small forelegs are not used for locomotion. In general, Asiatic jerboas have five toes on their hind feet and African jerboas have three; the shapes of their ears vary widely between species. Jerboa fur is long, soft and silky. Diet varies considerably: some are specialist seed, insect, or plant eaters, others are omnivores. In biological classification, family (Latin: familia, plural familiae) is 1) a rank or 2) a taxon in that rank. ... Image:Morocco Africa, which is where bottoms come from, Flickr Rosino December 2005 84514010 edited by Buchling. ... Suborders Sciuromorpha Castorimorpha Myomorpha Anomaluromorpha Hystricomorpha Rodentia is an order of mammals (Mammalia). ... World map showing the location of Asia. ... Categories: Africa geography stubs | North Africa ...


The English word jerboa may have been derived from the similar sounding Arabic word jerbu'a (جربع) or the Hebrew word yarboa (יַרְבּוֹעַ) which denote this animal. The Arabic language ( ), or simply Arabic ( ), is the largest member of the family of Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family (classification: South Central Semitic) and is closely related to Hebrew, Amharic, and Aramaic. ... Hebrew redirects here. ...


The ancestors of the modern jerboas probably separated from the more generalised rodents about 8 million years ago on the arid plains of Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan and Mongolia, and then spread to Europe and northern Africa. With the exception of Europe, where they died out, this remains their current range.


Their ability to hop is presumed to be an adaptation to help them escape from predators, and perhaps to assist with the longer journeys a desert-living animal must make to find food. It is interesting to note that although jerboas are not closely related to the hopping mice of Australia or the kangaroo rats of North America, all three groups have evolved a similar set of adaptations to life in the deep desert. Species alexis cervinus fuscus mitchelli aquillo longicaudatus amplus macrotis mordax sp. ... Species 22, see text Kangaroo rats, genus Dipodomys, are small rodents native to North and Central America. ... World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ...


Jerboas are nocturnal. During the heat of the day, they shelter in burrows. They create four separate types of burrow: two temporary, and two permanent. The temporary burrows are plain tubes: those used to escape from predators during the night are just 10 to 20 cm deep, unsealed and not camouflaged; the temporary daytime burrows are well-hidden and sealed with a plug of sand to keep heat out and moisture in, and are 20 to 50 cm long.


Permanent burrows are also sealed and camouflaged, and often have multiple entrances. They are much more elaborate structures with a nesting chamber. The winter burrows have food storage chambers 40 to 70 cm below ground level, and a hibernation chamber an astonishing 1.5 to 2.5 metres down.


Perhaps the best-known species is the Lesser Egyptian Jerboa (Jaculus jaculus) which occupies some of the most hostile deserts on the planet. It does not drink at all, relying on its food to provide enough moisture for survival. Found in both the sandy and stony deserts of north Africa, Arabia and Iran, this small creature estivates (a form of hibernation) during the hottest summer months, and has the ability to leap a full metre to escape a predator.  Northern Africa (UN subregion)  geographic, including above North Africa or Northern Africa is the northernmost region of the African continent. ... The Arabian Peninsula The Arabian Peninsula is a mainly desert peninsula in Southwest Asia at the junction of Africa and Asia and an important part of the greater Middle East. ... Hibernation is a state of inactivity and metabolic depression in animals, characterized by lower body temperature, slower breathing, and lower metabolic rate, to conserve energy, especially during winter. ...


Two species are considered threatened: the Five-toed Pygmy Jerboa and the Thick-tailed Pygmy Jerboa, which are both classified as vulnerable (VU). Many other species have been placed in a "lower risk" or category, and one species (Thomas's Pygmy Jerboa) lacks the data for assessment.


Classification

  • ORDER RODENTIA
  • Family Dipodidae
    • Subfamily Zapodinae: jumping mice, 4 species in 3 genera
    • Subfamily Sicistinae: birchmice
      • Sicista
        • Armenian Birch Mouse, Sicista armenica
        • Northern Birch Mouse, Sicista betulina
        • Caucasian Birch Mouse, Sicista caucasica
        • Long-tailed Birch Mouse, Sicista caudata
        • Chinese Birch Mouse, Sicista concolor
        • Kazbeg Birch Mouse, Sicista kazbegica
        • Kluchor Birch Mouse, Sicista kluchorica
        • Altai Birch Mouse, Sicista napaea
        • Gray Birch Mouse, Sicista pseudonapaea
        • Severtzov's Birch Mouse, Sicista severtzovi
        • Strand's Birch Mouse, Sicista strandi
        • Southern Birch Mouse, Sicista subtilis
        • Tien Shan Birch Mouse, Sicista tianshanica
    • Subfamily Cardiocraniinae
      • Cardiocranius
        • Five-toed Pygmy Jerboa, Cardiocranius paradoxus
      • Salpingotus
        • Thick-tailed Pygmy Jerboa, Salpingotus crassicauda
        • Heptner's Pygmy Jerboa, Salpingotus heptneri
        • Koslov's Pygmy Jerboa, Salpingotus kozlovi
        • Baluchistan Pygmy Jerboa, Salpingotus michaelis
        • Pallid Pygmy Jerboa, Salpingotus pallidus
        • Thomas' Pygmy Jerboa, Salpingotus thomasi
    • Subfamily Dipodinae
      • Dipus
        • Northern three-toed Jerboa, Dipus sagitta
      • Ermodipus
        • Lichtenstein's Jerboa, Eremodipus lichensteini
      • Jaculus (rodent)
        • Blanford's Jerboa, Jaculus blanfordi
        • Lesser Egyptian Jerboa, Jaculus jaculus
        • Greater Egyptian Jerboa, Jaculus orientalis
        • Turkmen Jerboa, Jaculus turcmenicus
      • Stylodipus
        • Andrew's Three-toed Jerboa, Stylodipus andrewsi
        • Mongolian Three-toed Jerboa, Stylodipus sungorus
        • Thick-tailed Three-toed Jerboa, Stylodipus telum
    • Subfamily Euchoreutinae
      • Euchoreutes
        • Long-eared Jerboa, Euchoreutes naso
    • Subfamily Allactaginae
      • Allactaga
        • Balikun Jerboa, Allactaga balikunica
        • Gobi Jerboa, Allactaga bullata
        • Small Five-toed Jerboa, Allactaga elater
        • Euphrates Jerboa, Allactaga euphratica
        • Iranian Jerboa, Allactaga firouzi
        • Hotson's Jerboa, Allactaga hotsoni
        • Great Jerboa, Allactaga major
        • Severtzov's Jerboa, Allactaga severtzovi
        • Mongolian Five-toed Jerboa, Allactaga sibirica
        • Four-toed Jerboa, Allactaga tetradactyla
        • Vinogradov's Jerboa, Allactaga vinogradovi
        • Bobrinski's Jerboa, Allactodipus bobrinskii
      • Pygeretmus
        • Lesser Fat-tailed Jerboa, Pygeretmus platyurus
        • Dwarf Fat-tailed Jerboa, Pygeretmus pumilo
        • Greater Fat-tailed Jerboa, Pygeretmus shitkovi
    • Subfamily Paradipodinae
      • Paradipus
        • Comb-toed Jerboa, Paradipus ctenodactylus
Rodent Families

Sciuromorpha: †Allomyidae | Aplodontiidae | †Mylagaulidae | †Reithroparamyidae | Sciuridae | Gliridae Families Many, see text The order Rodentia is the most numerous of all the branches on the mammal family tree. ... Genera Eozapus Napaeozapus Zapus Sicista Jumping mice (family Zapodidae) are a group of mouse-like rodents in North America and China. ... Binomial name Sicista caudata Thomas, 1907 Sicista caudata, also known as the Long-Tailed Birch Mouse or Chinese Birch Mouse, is a species of jumping mouse found in Northeast Asia. ... Binomial name Sicista caudata Thomas, 1907 Sicista caudata, also known as the Long-Tailed Birch Mouse or Chinese Birch Mouse, is a species of jumping mouse found in Northeast Asia. ... Species Allactaga elater Allactaga firouzi Allactaga hotsoni Allactaga major Allactaga severtzovi Allactaga vinogradovi Allactaga balikunica Allactaga bullata Allactaga sibirica Allactaga euphractica Allactaga tetradactyla The genus Allactaga contains the four and five-toed jerboas of Asia. ... Binomial name Allactaga firouzi Womochel, 1978 The Iranian Jerboa (Allactaga firouzi) is a jerboa in the subfamily Allactaginae. ... Binomial name Allactaga tetradactyla The four-toed jerboa (Allactaga tetradactyla) is a small jumping desert rodent. ... Suborders Sciuromorpha Castorimorpha Myomorpha Anomaluromorpha Hystricomorpha Rodentia is an order of mammals (Mammalia). ... Infraorders Anomaluromorpha Castorimorpha Ctenodactylomorpha Geomorpha Glirimorpha Myodonta Sciurida Sciurognathi is a suborder of rodents that includes squirrels, chipmunks, beavers, and many types of mice. ... Binomial name Aplodontia rufa Richardson, 1829 The Mountain Beaver (Aplodontia rufa) is a rodent unrelated to beavers and that is not usually found in mountainous areas. ... Genera Many: see text. ... Subfamilies and Genera Graphiurinae Graphiurus Leithiinae Dryomys Eliomys Hypnomys Myomimus Selevinia Myoxinae Glirulus Muscardinus Glis Dormice are Old World mammals in the family Gliridae, part of the rodent (Rodentia) order. ...

Castorimorpha: †Eutypomyidae | Castoridae | †Rhizospalacidae | †Eomyidae | †Heliscomyidae | †Mojavemyidae | Heteromyidae | Geomyidae Genera †Eocastoroides †Steneofiber †Neatocastor †Asiacastor †Youngofiber †Trogontherium †Eucastor †Schreuderia †Dipoides †Boreofiber †Romanocastor †Zamolxifiber †Procastoroides †Castoroides †Paradipoides †Agnotocastor †Capacikala †Pseudopalaeocastor †Fossorcastor †Euhapsis †Propalaeocastor †Palaeomys †Palaeocastor †Hystricops Castor The family Castoridae contains the two living species of beaver and their fossil relatives. ... Subfamilies See text. ... Genera †Eocastoroides †Steneofiber †Neatocastor †Asiacastor †Youngofiber †Trogontherium †Eucastor †Schreuderia †Dipoides †Boreofiber †Romanocastor †Zamolxifiber †Procastoroides †Castoroides †Paradipoides †Agnotocastor †Capacikala †Pseudopalaeocastor †Fossorcastor †Euhapsis †Propalaeocastor †Palaeomys †Palaeocastor †Hystricops Castor The family Castoridae contains the two living species of beaver and their fossil relatives. ... Rhizospalax is a genus of extinct rodent from Europe thought to be distantly related to modern beavers. ... Subfamilies See text. ... Subfamilies See text. ... Subfamilies See text. ... SubFamilies Dipodomyinae Heteromyinae Perognathinae Most Heteromyidae live in complex burrows within the deserts and grasslands of western North America, though species within the Heteromys and Liomys genera are also found in forests and extend down as far as northern South America. ... Genera Cratogeomys Geomys Orthogeomys Pappogeomys Thomomys Zygogeomys The pocket gophers are burrowing rodents of the family Geomyidae. ...

Myomorpha: †Armintomidae | Dipodidae | Zapodidae | †Anomalomyidae | †Simimyidae | Platacanthomyidae | Spalacidae | Calomyscidae | Nesomyidae | Cricetidae | Muridae Suborder Myomorpha contains nearly a quarter of all mammal species. ... Armintomys was a genus of extinct rodent from North America related to jerboas and jumping mice. ... The Meadow Jumping Mouse has yellow/tawny coloured sides, and a brown back. ... Subfamilies See text. ... Subfamilies See text. ... Genera see text Platacanthomyinae is the only subfamily in the family Platacanthomyidae. ... Subfamilies see text Spalacidae is a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. ... Species See text. ... Subfamilies see text Nesomyidae is a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. ... Subfamilies see text Cricetidae is a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. ... Subfamilies See text Muridae is the largest family of mammals. ...

Anomaluromorpha: Anomaluridae | †Parapedetidae | Pedetidae Families Anomaluridae †Parapedetidae Pedetidae Anomaluromorpha is the name given to a clade that unites the anomalures with the springhare. ... Genera Anomalurus, Idiurus, Zenkerella The Anomaluridae or scaly-tailed flying squirrels are a family of rodents found in central Africa. ... Binomial name Pedetes capensis (Coe, 1969) The Springhare, or Springhaas (Pedetes capensis) is not actually a hare, but a member of the order Rodentia; it is the only species in its family Pedetidae. ...

Hystricomorpha: †Tamquammyidae | Ctenodactylidae | Diatomyidae | †Yuomyidae | †Chapattimyidae | †Tsaganomyidae | †"Baluchimyinae" | †Bathyergoididae | Bathyergidae | Hystricidae | †Myophiomyidae | †Diamantomyidae | †Phiomyidae | †Kenyamyidae | Petromuridae | Thryonomyidae | Erethizontidae | Chinchillidae | Dinomyidae | Caviidae | Dasyproctidae | †Eocardiidae | Cuniculidae | Ctenomyidae | Octodontidae | †Neoepiblemidae | Abrocomidae | Echimyidae | Myocastoridae | Capromyidae | †Heptaxodontidae Families Ctenodactylidae †Tammquammyidae †Diatomyidae †Yuomyidae †Chapattimyidae †Tsaganomyidae Laonastidae †Baluchimyinae Hystricidae †Myophiomyidae †Diamantomyidae †Phiomyidae †Kenyamyidae Petromuridae Thryonomyidae Bathyergidae †Bathyergoididae Erethizontidae Dasyproctidae Agoutidae †Eocardiidae Dinomyidae Caviidae Hydrochaeridae Octodontidae Ctenomyidae Echimyidae Myocastoridae Capromyidae †Heptaxodontidae Chinchillidae †Neoepiblemidae Abrocomidae Skull of a capybara showing the enlarged infraorbital canal present in most members of the Hystricomorpha. ... Genera Ctenodactylus Felovia Massoutiera Pectinator Gundis (family Ctenodactylidae) are a group of small, stocky rodents found in Africa. ... Genera Laonastes †Diatomys †Fallomus †Willmus Diatomyidae is a family of hystricomorphous, sciurognathous rodents found in Asia. ... Tsaganomys is an extinct genus of rodents from Asia. ... Bathyergoides is an extinct genus of rodent from Africa thought to be related to the modern blesmols. ... Genera Georychus Cryptomys Heliophobius Bathyergus Heterocephalus The blesmols, also known as mole rats, or African mole-rats, are burrowing rodents of the family Bathyergidae. ... Genera Atherurus Hystrix Thecurus Trichys The Old World porcupines are large representatives of the terrestrial rodent mammals, distinguished by their spiny covering from which they take their name. ... Subfamilies †Myophiomyinae †Phiocricetomyinae The Myophiomyids are an extinct form of Old World hystricognath. ... Subfamilies See text. ... The Phiomyidae are an extinct family of rodents from Africa and Eurasia. ... The Kenyamyidae are an extinct family of rodents from Africa. ... Binomial name Petromus typicus A. Smith, 1831 The Dassie Rat, Petromus typicus, is an African rodent found among rocky outcroppings. ... Species Thryonomys gregorianus (Lesser Cane Rat) Thryonomys swinderianus (Greater Cane Rat) The genus Thryonomys, also know as cane rats, is a genus of rodent found in Africa south of the Sahara. ... Genera  Coendou  Sphiggurus  Erethizon  Echinoprocta The New World porcupines are large terrestrial rodents, distinguished by their spiny covering from which they take their name. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The pacarana (Dinomys branickii) is a rare and slow-moving South American rodent found only in tropical forests of the western Amazon River basin and adjacent foothills of the Andes Mountains from northwestern Venezuela and Colombia to western Bolivia. ... Subfamilies  Caviinae  Dolichotinae The Cavy (family Caviidae) is divided in two subfamilies: Subfamily Caviinae: cavies and guinea pigs Genus Cavia, this genus is especially called cavy. ... Genera Dasyprocta Myoprocta Agouti The Dasyproctidae are a family of South American rodents, comprising three genera. ... The Eocardiidae are an extinct family of caviomorph rodents from South America. ... Species Agouti paca Agouti taczanowskii Species Paca, Agouti paca Mountain Paca, Agouti taczanowskii Categories: Stub | Rodents ... The tuco-tucos are members of a group of rodents that belong to the family Ctenomyidae. ... Genera  Octodon  Octodontomys  Octomys  Spalacopus  Aconaemys  Pipanacoctomys  Salinoctomys  Tympanoctomys The Octodontidae are a family of South American rodents. ... The Neoepiblemidae are an extinct family of rodents from South America. ... Genera Abrocoma Cuscomys †Protabrocoma Chinchilla rats are members of the family Abrocomidae. ... Genera †Cercomys †Maruchito †Paulacoutomys †Willidewu †Adelphomys †Deseadomys †Paradelphomys †Stichomys †Xylechimys Dactylomys Kannabateomys Olallamys †Boromys †Brotomys †Heteropsomys †Puertoricomys †Acarechimys †Chasichimys †Eumysops Lonchothrix Mesomys †Palaeoechimys †Pampamys †Pattersomys †Protacaremys †Protadelphomys †Sallamys Proechimys Thrichomys Trinomys Carterodon Clyomys Euryzygomatomys Callistomys Diplomys Echimys Isothrix Makalata Pattonomys Phyllomys Santamartamys The spiny rats are a group of hystricognath... Binomial name Myocastor coypus (Molina, 1782) The coypu or nutria (Myocastor coypus) is a large, crepuscular, semiaquatic rodent native to South America, but now also present in Europe, Asia, and North America. ... Genera Capromys Geocapromys †Hexolobodon Isolobodon Mesocapromys Mysateles Plagiodontia Rhizoplagiodontia Hutias are cavy-like rodents that inhabits the Caribbean Islands. ... Genera Amblyrhiza Clidomys Elasmodontomys Quemsia The giant hutias are an extinct group of large rodents known from fossil and subfossil material in the West Indies. ...

Prehistoric rodents (incertae sedis): †Eurymylidae | †Cocomyidae | †Alagomyidae | †Ivanantoniidae | †Laredomyidae | †Ischyromyidae | †Theridomyidae | †Protoptychidae | †Zegdoumyidae | †Sciuravidae | †Cylindrodontidae Genera †Gomphos †Zagmys †Nikolomylus †Aktashmys †Asiaparamys †Kazygurtia †Eomylus †Eurymylus †Amar †Rhombomylus †Decipomys †Khaychina Eurymylidae is a family of extinct simplicidentates. ...

† indicates extinct taxa


  Results from FactBites:
 
Jerboa - LoveToKnow 1911 (478 words)
The resemblance between the jerboa's and the bird's skeleton is owing to adaptation to a similar mode of existence.
In the young jerboa the proportion of the femur to the rest of the leg is the same as in ordinary running animals.
When about to spring, this jerboa raises its body by means of the hinder extremities, and supports itself at the same time upon its tail, while the fore-feet are so closely pressed to the breast as to be scarcely visible, which doubtless suggested the name Dipus, or twofooted.
BioMed Central | Full text | Hibernation impact on the catalytic activities of the mitochondrial D-3-hydroxybutyrate ... (4555 words)
Jerboa (Jaculus orientalis), a model for deep hibernation, is a small rodent herbivore native to subdesert highlands in Morocco [1,2].
During prehibernating period, in which jerboa accumulates fatty acids in adipose tissue leading to a decrease in circulating triglycerides and in ketone body rates [4], the slowdown of BDH activity in liver and in brain seems to be due to the decrease in the production of its substrate (i.e.
The jerboas were decapitated and liver and brain were rapidly removed for mitochondrial preparation according to Fleischer et al [25].
  More results at FactBites »


 
 

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