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For other uses, see Jersey (disambiguation). Bailiwick of Jersey Bailliage de Jersey Flag Coat of arms Anthem: "God Save the Queen" (official) "Ma Normandie" ("My Normandy") (official for occasions when distinguishing anthem required) Capital (and largest city) Saint Helier 49°11.401′N, 2°06.600′W Official languages English, French Recognised regional languages Jèrriais Government Parliamentary Democracy, Constitutional Kingdom, Crown dependency  -  Chief of state Elizabeth II, Duke of Normandy  -  Lt. Governor Lt. Gen. Andrew Ridgway  -  Bailiff Sir Philip Bailhache  -  Chief Minister Senator Frank Walker Status British Crown dependency   -  Separation from mainland Normandy 1204   -  Liberation from German occupation 9 May 1945  Area  -  Total 116 km² (219th) 45 sq mi   -  Water (%) 0 Population  -  Dec 2006 estimate 89,3001 (190th)  -  Density 760/km² (12th²) 2,018/sq mi GDP (PPP) 2003 estimate  -  Total £3.6 billion (167th)  -  Per capita £40,000 (2003 estimate) (6th) HDI (n/a) n/a (n/a) (n/a) Currency Pound sterling³ (GBP) Time zone GMT  -  Summer (DST)  (UTC+1) Internet TLD .je Calling code +44  spec. 44-1534 (landline) +44-7797      (Jersey Telecom mobile) +44-7700      (Sure mobile) +44-7829      (Airtel-Vodafone mobile) Patron saint St. Helier 1 Jersey in Figures 2 Rank based on population density of Channel Islands including Guernsey. 3 The States of Jersey issue their own sterling notes and coins (see Jersey pound). The Bailiwick of Jersey (Jèrriais: Jèrri) is a British Crown dependency[1] off the coast of Normandy, France.[2] As well as the island of Jersey itself, the bailiwick includes the nearly uninhabited islands of the Minquiers, Écréhous, the Pierres de Lecq[3] and other rocks and reefs. Together with the bailiwick of Guernsey it forms the grouping known as the Channel Islands. The defence of all these islands is the responsibility of the United Kingdom. However, Jersey is not part of the UK, nor the European Union, but is rather a separate possession of the Crown, comparable to the Isle of Man. Jersey belongs to the Common Travel Area. Jersey may be: Jersey, one of the Channel Islands Jersey, Georgia, United States Jersey, a common breed of dairy cattle. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Jersey. ... Flag ratio: 3:5 The flag of Jersey was adopted by the States of Jersey on June 12, 1979, proclaimed by the Queen on December 10, 1980 and first officially hoisted on April 1, 1981. ... Coat of arms of Jersey. ... A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history, traditions and struggles of its people, recognized either by a countrys government as the official national song, or by convention through use by the people. ... Publication of an early version in The Gentlemans Magazine, 15 October 1745. ... Ma Normandie is the anthem of the Bailiwick of Jersey, a British Crown dependency in the Channel Islands, and was written and composed by Frédéric Bérat. ... Locator map for Jersey. ... Not to be confused with capitol. ... Population: 87,186 (2001 census) (87,500 - 2004 est. ... Saint Helier (Jèrriais: St Hélyi) is one of the twelve parishes and the largest town on Jersey, the largest of the Channel Islands in the English Channel. ... An official language is a language that is given a special legal status in the countries, states, and other territories. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... A regional language is a language spoken in a part of a country, be it may be a small area, a federal state or province, or a wider area. ... Jèrriais is the form of the Norman language spoken in Jersey, in the Channel Islands. ... A parliamentary system, or parliamentarism, is distinguished by the executive branch of government being dependent on the direct or indirect support of the parliament, often expressed through a vote of confidence. ... Forms of government Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A constitutional monarchy or limited monarchy is a form of government established under a constitutional system which acknowledges an elected or hereditary monarch as head of state, as opposed to an absolute monarchy, where the monarch is not... The Isle of Man is situated in the Irish Sea between Great Britain and Ireland, and the bailiwicks of Jersey and Guersey are situated in the English Channel to the west of the Cotentin Crown dependencies are possessions of The Crown in Right of the United Kingdom, as opposed to... Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor; born 21 April 1926) is Queen of sixteen sovereign states, holding each crown and title equally. ... The Flag of the Lieutenant Governor of Jersey The Lieutenant Governor of Jersey is the representative of the British monarch in the Bailiwick of Jersey, a Crown dependency of the United Kingdom. ... Lieutenant General Andrew Peter Ridgway CB CBE QCVS became Lieutenant Governor of Jersey from 14th June 2006 after a long military career. ... This is a list of bailiffs of Jersey. ... Sir Philip Martin Bailhache KBE (born February 28, 1946) is the Bailiff of the Channel Island of Jersey. ... The Chief Minister of Jersey (French: Premier Ministre de Jersey) is the head of government of Jersey. ... Frank Harrison Walker is the first and current Chief Minister of Jersey, elected in 2005 by fellow States members. ... The Isle of Man is situated in the Irish Sea between Great Britain and Ireland, and the bailiwicks of Jersey and Guersey are situated in the English Channel to the west of the Cotentin Crown dependencies are possessions of The Crown in Right of the United Kingdom, as opposed to... Liberation Day is a day, often a public holiday, that marks the liberation of a place, similar to an independence day. ... is the 129th day of the year (130th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... To help compare different orders of magnitude and geographical regions, we list here areas between 100 km² and 1000 km². See also areas of other orders of magnitude. ... This is a list of the countries of the world sorted by area. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Impact from a water drop causes an upward rebound jet surrounded by circular capillary waves. ... A percentage is a way of expressing a proportion, a ratio or a fraction as a whole number, by using 100 as the denominator. ... This is a list of countries ordered according to population. ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... Population density by country, 2006 List of countries and dependencies by population density in inhabitants/km². The list includes sovereign states and self-governing dependent territories that are recognized by the United Nations. ... PPP of GDP for the countries of the world (2003). ... There are three lists of countries of the world sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP) (the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year). ... Per capita is a Latin phrase meaning for each head. ... This article includes two lists of countries of the world[1] sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP) at purchasing power parity (PPP) per capita, the value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year divided by the average population for the same year. ... This page talks about Human Development Index, for other HDIs see HDI (disambiguation) World map indicating Human Development Index (2007). ... This talks about the countries in the Human Development Index, for information on the Human Development Index, please Click Here World map indicating Human Development Index (2007) (Colour-blind compliant map) For red-green color vision problems. ... GBP redirects here. ... ISO 4217 is the international standard describing three letter codes (also known as the currency code) to define the names of currencies established by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... GMT redirects here. ... Although DST is common in Europe and North America, most of the worlds people do not use it. ... UTC redirects here. ... A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is a top-level domain used and reserved for a country or a dependent territory. ... .je is the Internet country code top-level domain ( ccTLD) for Jersey. ... This is a list of country calling codes defined by ITU-T recommendation E.164. ... This is a trivia section. ... Saint Quentin is the patron saint of locksmiths and is also invoked against coughs and sneezes. ... The face of Saint Helier is sculpted on the 1978 monument La Croix de la Reine in St. ... GBP redirects here. ... ISO 4217 Code none User(s) Jersey Inflation 5. ... Jèrriais is the form of the Norman language spoken in Jersey, in the Channel Islands. ... The Isle of Man is situated in the Irish Sea between Great Britain and Ireland, and the bailiwicks of Jersey and Guersey are situated in the English Channel to the west of the Cotentin Crown dependencies are possessions of The Crown in Right of the United Kingdom, as opposed to... For other uses, see Normandy (disambiguation). ... A bailiwick is the area of jurisdiction of a bailiff. ... The Minquiers (Les Minquiers; in Jèrriais: Les Mîntchièrs; nicknamed the Minkies in local English) are a group of islands and rocks situated 9 miles south of Jersey forming part of the Bailiwick of Jersey. ... The Écréhous (or Les Écréhous; in Jèrriais: Êcrého) are a groups of islands and rocks situated 6 miles north-east of Jersey (8 miles from France). ... The Pierres de Lecq (or Paternosters) at high tide seen from Jersey looking towards Sark. ... A bailiwick is the area of jurisdiction of a bailiff. ... This article is about the British dependencies. ... This article refers to the Commonwealths concept of the monarchys legal authority. ... The Common Travel Area includes the UK, the Isle of Man, Jersey, Guernsey, and the Republic of Ireland The Common Travel Area (or, informally, the passport free zone) refers to the fact that citizens of the Republic of Ireland, the United Kingdom and the Crown Dependencies (the Isle of Man... Contents 1 History 2 Politics 2.1 Parishes 2.2 International relations 3 Geography 4 Economy 4.1 Taxation 4.2 Currency 4.2.1 Coinage 5 Demographics 5.1 Immigration 6 Culture 6.1 Media 6.1.1 Broadcast 6.1.2 Newspaper 6.1.3 General Magazines 6.1.4 Finance Magazines 6.1.5 Cinema 6.2 Food and drink 6.3 Sport 6.4 Environment 6.4.1 Biodiversity 7 See also 8 Footnotes and references 8.1 Print 9 External links [edit] History Main article: History of Jersey Jersey history is influenced by its strategic location between the northern coast of France and the southern coast of England; the island's recorded history extends over a thousand years. The island of Jersey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Duchy of Normandy that held sway in both France and England. ... Evidence of bronze-age and early iron-age settlements can be found in many locations around the island. While archaeological evidence of Roman influence has been found, in particular the coastal headland site at Le Pinacle, Les Landes, where remains of a primitive structure are attributed to Roman temple worship (fanum),[4] evidence for regular Roman occupation has yet to be established. Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew from a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula circa the 9th century BC to a massive empire straddling the Mediterranean Sea. ... Formerly under the control of Brittany and named Angia (also spelled Agna [5]), Jersey became subject to Viking influence in the ninth century, one of the "Norman Islands". The name for Jersey itself is sourced from a Viking heritage: the Norse suffix -ey for island can be found in many places around the northern European coasts. However, the significance of the first part of the island's toponym is unclear. Among theories are that it derives from jarth (Old Norse: "earth") or jarl, or perhaps a personal name, Geirr, to give "Geirr's Island".[6] Alternatively support for a Celtic origin can be made with reference to the Gaulish gar- (oak), ceton (forest). It is also said to be a corruption of the Latin Caesarea, the Roman name for the island, influenced by Old English suffix -ey for "island";[7][8] this is plausible if regional pronunciation of Latin implied that Caesarea was not IPA: [kaisarea] but [tʃeːsarea]. Old Norse or Danish tongue is the Germanic language once spoken by the inhabitants of the Nordic countries (for instance during the Viking Age). ... For people, see Earl (given name) and Earl (surname). ... For other uses, see Latin (disambiguation). ... Old English (also called Anglo-Saxon[1], Old English: ) is an early form of the English language that was spoken in parts of what is now England and southern Scotland between the mid-fifth century and the mid-twelfth century. ... The island was eventually annexed to the Duchy of Normandy by William Longsword, Duke of Normandy in 933; his descendant, William the Conqueror, conquered England in 1066, which led to the Duchy of Normandy and the kingdom of England being governed under one monarch.[9] The Dukes of Normandy owned considerable estates on the island, and Norman families living on their estates founded many of the historical Norman-French Jersey family names. King John lost all his territories in mainland Normandy in 1204 to King Philip II Augustus, but retained possession of Jersey, along with Guernsey and the other Channel Islands; the islands have been internally self-governing since.[10] The Duchy of Normandy stems from the Viking invasions of France in the 8th century. ... Statue of William Longsword as part of the Six Dukes of Normandy statue in Falaise. ... Bold textInsert non-formatted text here This statue of Rollo the Viking (founder of the fiefdom of Normandy) stands in Falaise, Calvados, birthplace of his descendant William I the Conqueror (the Duke of Normandy who became King of England). ... William I of England (c. ... Bayeux Tapestry depicting events leading to the Battle of Hastings The Norman Conquest of England was the conquest of the Kingdom of England by William the Conqueror (Duke of Normandy), in 1066 at the Battle of Hastings and the subsequent Norman control of England. ... The Duchy of Normandy stems from the Viking invasions of France in the 8th century. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... John of England depicted in Cassells History of England (1902) John (French: Jean) (December 24, 1166/67–October 18/19, 1216) reigned as King of England from 1199 to 1216. ... Philip II Augustus (French: Philippe Auguste) (21 August 1165 – 14 July 1223) was the King of France from 1180 until his death. ... Islanders became involved with the Newfoundland fisheries in the late sixteenth century.[11] In recognition for all the help given to him during his exile in Jersey in the 1640s, Charles II gave George Carteret, bailiff and governor, a large grant of land in the American colonies, which he promptly named New Jersey, now part of the United States of America.[12][13] Newfoundland —   IPA: [nuw fÉ™n lænd] (French: , Irish: ) is a large island off the east coast of North America, and the most populous part of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. ... Charles II (29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685) was the King of England, Scotland, and Ireland. ... Sir George Carteret, 1st Baronet (c. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Motto: (traditional) In God We Trust (official, 1956–present) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City Official language(s) None at the federal level; English de facto Government Federal Republic  - President George W. Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence - Declared - Recognized... Trade laid the foundations of prosperity, aided by neutrality between England and France.[14] The Jersey way of life involved agriculture, fishing, shipbuilding, and production of woollen goods until nineteenth-century improvements in transport links brought tourism to the Island. Jersey was occupied by Nazi Germany from 1 July 1940, and was held until 9 May 1945.[15] is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 129th day of the year (130th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... [edit] Politics The States building in St Helier. Main article: Politics of Jersey Jersey's legislature is the States of Jersey. It includes fifty-three elected members: twelve senators (elected for six-year terms), twelve constables (heads of parishes elected for three-year terms), twenty-nine deputies (elected for three-year terms); the Bailiff and the Deputy Bailiff (appointed to preside over the assembly and having a casting vote in favour of the status quo when presiding); and three non-voting members (the Dean of Jersey, the Attorney General, and the Solicitor General) appointed by the Crown. Government departments are run by a cabinet of ministers under a Chief Minister. The civil head of the Island is the Bailiff. ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (1151x1544, 1126 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Jersey Politics of Jersey States of Jersey ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (1151x1544, 1126 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Jersey Politics of Jersey States of Jersey ... Politics of the Bailiwick of Jersey takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic British Crown Dependency, whereby the Chief Minister of Jersey is the head of government. ... The States of Jersey (French: États de Jersey) is the parliament of Jersey. ... Elections in Jersey gives information on election and election results in Jersey. ... A senate is a deliberative body, often the upper house or chamber of a legislature. ... For the painter, see John Constable. ... Chamber of Deputies is the name given to a legislative body, which may either be the lower house of a bicameral legislature, or the name of a unicameral one. ... The Chief Minister of Jersey (French: Premier Ministre de Jersey) is the head of government of Jersey. ... In the Channel Islands of Guernsey the Bailiff is the first civil officer, serving as president of the legislature and the Royal Court. ... All current States Members have been elected as independents. Formally constituted political parties are unfashionable, although groups of "like-minded members" act in concert. Senators are elected on an Island wide mandate and Deputies are elected in their local area. The Jersey Democratic Alliance is the only party currently having States Members, although these were elected as independents. The Centre Party (Jersey) has committed to only proposing candidates for Senatorial elections, though members are free to, and have, stood for Deputy as independents. They would remain independent in the Chamber. Stuart Syvret is often reported to be of the Jersey Green Party.[16] The Jersey Democratic Alliance is a centre-left political party in Jersey. ... The Centre Party is a recently developed political party in Jersey. ... Stuart Syvret is the Minister for Health and Social Security of Jersey[1]. Senator Syvret was first elected to the States of Jersey in 1990 as Deputy of Saint Helier No. ... A Green party is a formally organized political party based on the principles of Green politics. ... The legal system is based on Norman customary law (including the Clameur de Haro), statute and English law; justice is administered by the Royal Court. Norman law refers to the customary law of Normandy which developed between the 10th and 13th centuries following the establishment of the Vikings there and which survives today still through the legal system of the Channel Islands. ... The Clameur De Haro is an ancient legal injunction of restraint employed by a person that believes they are being wronged by another at that moment. ... English law is a formal term of art that describes the law for the time being in force in England and Wales. ... Elizabeth II's traditional title as head of state is that of Duke of Normandy, but she does not hold that title formally. She reigns by her position as Queen over a crown dependency. Her representative in the island is the Lieutenant Governor, who has but a token involvement in island politics. Since 2006, the incumbent Lieutenant Governor has been Lieutenant General Andrew Ridgway. Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor; born 21 April 1926) is Queen of sixteen sovereign states, holding each crown and title equally. ... Bold textInsert non-formatted text here This statue of Rollo the Viking (founder of the fiefdom of Normandy) stands in Falaise, Calvados, birthplace of his descendant William I the Conqueror (the Duke of Normandy who became King of England). ... Lieutenant General is a military rank used in many countries. ... Lieutenant General Andrew Peter Ridgway CB CBE QCVS became Lieutenant Governor of Jersey from 14th June 2006 after a long military career. ... [edit] Parishes Main article: Parishes of Jersey Administratively, Jersey is divided into twelve parishes. All have access to the sea and are named after the saints to whom their ancient parish churches are dedicated: Jersey is divided into parishes Saint Helier Saint Saviour Saint Clement Grouville (historically Saint Martin de Grouville) Saint Martin (historically Saint Martin le Vieux) Trinity Saint John Saint Mary Saint Ouen Saint Peter Saint Brelade Saint Lawrence Categories: UK geography stubs | Parishes of Jersey | Parishes ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1253x868, 42 KB) Summary Map of the parishes of Jersey. ... Jersey is divided into parishes Saint Helier Saint Saviour Saint Clement Grouville (historically Saint Martin de Grouville) Saint Martin (historically Saint Martin le Vieux) Trinity Saint John Saint Mary Saint Ouen Saint Peter Saint Brelade Saint Lawrence Categories: UK geography stubs | Parishes of Jersey | Parishes ... Grouville (historically Saint Martin de Grouville; incorporating Les Minquiers) Saint Brélade Saint Clement Saint Helier Saint John Saint Lawrence Saint Martin (historically Saint Martin le Vieux; incorporating Les Écréhous) Saint Mary Saint Ouen Saint Peter Saint Saviour Trinity The parishes of Jersey are further divided into vingtaines (or, in St. Ouen, cueillettes), divisions which are historic and nowadays mostly used for purposes of local administration and electoral constituency. Island Jersey, Channel Islands Area 7. ... The Minquiers (Les Minquiers; in Jèrriais: Les Mîntchièrs; nicknamed the Minkies in local English) are a group of islands and rocks situated 9 miles south of Jersey forming part of the Bailiwick of Jersey. ... St. ... The Parish Hall of St. ... Saint Helier (Jèrriais: St Hélyi) is one of the twelve parishes and the largest town on Jersey, the largest of the Channel Islands in the English Channel. ... The Centre Stone at Sion in St. ... The arched entrance to Morel Farm, a National Trust for Jersey property in St. ... La Pouquelaye de Faldouet is one of the best preserved dolmens in Jersey Saint Martin (Jèrriais: St Martîn) is one of the twelve parishes of Jersey in the Channel Islands. ... The Écréhous (or Les Écréhous; in Jèrriais: Êcrého) are a groups of islands and rocks situated 6 miles north-east of Jersey (8 miles from France). ... Island Jersey, Channel Islands Area 6. ... Ruins of Grosnez Castle Saint Ouen (Jèrriais: St Ouën) is one of the twelve parishes of Jersey in the Channel Islands. ... Welcome to Jersey sign at Jersey Airport Saint Peter (Jèrriais: St Pièrre) is one of the twelve parishes of Jersey in the Channel Islands. ... Island Jersey, Channel Islands Area 9. ... Boundary stone on the border of Trinity and Saint John, dated 1881 Trinity (French: La Trinité, Jèrriais: La Trinneté) is one of the twelve parishes of Jersey in the Channel Islands. ... Jersey is divided into parishes Saint Helier Saint Saviour Saint Clement Grouville (historically Saint Martin de Grouville) Saint Martin (historically Saint Martin le Vieux) Trinity Saint John Saint Mary Saint Ouen Saint Peter Saint Brelade Saint Lawrence Categories: UK geography stubs | Parishes of Jersey | Parishes ... A Vingtaine (literally group of twenty in French) is a political subdivision of Jersey. ... The Constable (Connétable) is the head of each parish, elected at a public election for a three year term to run the parish and to represent the municipality in the States. The Procureur du Bien Public (two in each parish) is the legal and financial representative of the parish (elected at a public election since 2003 in accordance with the Public Elections (Amendment) (Jersey) Law 2003; formerly an Assembly of Electors of each parish elected the Procureurs in accordance with the Loi (1804) au sujet des assemblées paroissiales). A Procureur du Bien Public is elected for a mandate of three years as a public trustee for the funds and property of the parish and to be empowered to pass contract on behalf of the parish if so authorised by a Parish Assembly. Official stone dated 1999 bearing the names of the Procureurs du Bien Public during whose term of office the stone was placed A Procureur du Bien Public (French = attorney of the public good) is the legal and financial representative of a parish in Jersey. ... Centeniers are elected at a public election within each parish for a term of three years to undertake policing within the parish. The Centenier is the only officer authorised to charge and bail offenders. Formerly, the senior Centenier of each parish (known as the Chef de Police) deputised for the Constable in the States of Jersey when the Constable was unable to attend a sitting of the States. This function has now been abolished. Centeniers are elected at a public election within the Parish. ... [edit] International relations Jersey Airport greets travellers with "Welcome to Jersey" in Jèrriais. Although diplomatic representation is reserved to the Crown, Jersey negotiates directly with foreign governments on matters within the competence of the States of Jersey. Jersey maintains a permanent non-diplomatic representation in Caen, the Bureau de Jersey, and a branch office in Rennes. A similar office, the Maison de Normandie, in St. Helier represents the Conseil général of Manche and the Conseil régional of Basse-Normandie and hosts the Consulate of France. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... , Caen (pronounced ) is a commune of northwestern France. ... For other uses, see Rennes (disambiguation). ... Template:France divisions levels, Junkyard Willie The départements (or departments) are administrative units of France and many former French colonies, roughly analogous to British counties. ... Manche is a French département in Normandy named after La Manche (the sleeve), which is the French name of the English Channel. ... A Conseil régional (regional council) is the elected assembly of a région of France. ... Capital Caen Land area¹ 17,589 km² Regional President Philippe Duron (PS) (since 2004) Population  - Jan. ... Jersey is a member of the British-Irish Council, the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association and the Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie. Jersey is aiming to become a full member of the Commonwealth in its own right.[17] The British–Irish Council (sometimes known as the Council of the Isles) is a body created by the Belfast Agreement (also known as the Good Friday Agreement). ... The Commonwealth Parliamentary Association, previously known as the Empire Parliamentary Association, is an organization, of British origin, which works to support good governance, democracy and human rights. ... The Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie (APF) is an association of the parliaments of Francophone countries. ... The Commonwealth of Nations as of 2007 Headquarters Marlborough House, London, UK Official languages English Membership 53 sovereign states Leaders  -  Queen Elizabeth II  -  Secretary-General Kamalesh Sharma Appointed 24 November 2007 Establishment  -  Balfour Declaration 18 November 1926   -  Statute of Westminster 11 December 1931   -  London Declaration 28 April 1949  Area  -  Total... Dicey and Morris (p26)[18] list the separate States comprising the British Islands: "England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man, Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, [Herm] and Sark. . . is a separate country in the sense of the conflict of laws, though not one of them is a State known to public international law." In 2007, the Chief Minister and the UK Lord Chancellor signed an agreement[19] which established a framework for the development of the international identity of Jersey. The agreement stated that: The Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, or Lord Chancellor and prior to the Union the Chancellor of England and the Lord Chancellor of Scotland, is a senior and important functionary in the government of the United Kingdom, and its predecessor states. ... the UK has no democratic accountability in and for Jersey; the UK will not act internationally on behalf of Jersey without prior consultation; Jersey has an international identity which is different from that of the UK; the UK recognises that the interests of Jersey may differ from those of the UK, and the UK will seek to represent any differing interests when acting in an international capacity; the UK and Jersey will work together to resolve or clarify any differences which may arise between their respective interests. In a survey of 700 people carried out by Channel Television in the summer of 2000, 68% supported independence from the United Kingdom.[20] Senator (now Deputy) Paul le Claire lodged a projet calling for Jersey's independence shortly thereafter. Subsequently, the Jersey Law Review published an editorial[21] and articles touching on the possibility of full independence.[22] In 2007 the Chief Minister was reported[23] as saying that Jersey had contingency plans in case independence were to be forced upon the Island or if Jersey wanted to move towards independence at a later date. The current Channel TV ident Channel Television (CTV) is a British television station which has served as an Independent Television (ITV), contractor to the Channel Islands since 1962. ... On 20 June 2007, Jersey signed an agreement[24] regarding the exchange of information relating to tax matters. This was reported[25] as the bailiwick's first tax treaty with a European state as a state in its own right (and the second after a similar agreement with the United States in 2002). is the 171st day of the year (172nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... However, The Federal Court of Justice of Germany ruled on 1 July 2002 (case: II ZR 380/00), that under German law, for the purposes of § 110 of the German Civil Procedures Act (ZPO), Jersey is to be deemed to be part of the United Kingdom and of the European Union as well. The Bundesgerichtshof or BGH (German for federal court) is the highest appeals court in Germany for cases of civil and criminal law. ... is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... [edit] Geography Satellite view of Jersey. Main article: Geography of Jersey Jersey is an island measuring 118.2 square kilometres[1] (65,569 vergée / 46 mi.), including reclaimed land and intertidal zone. It lies in the English Channel, approximately 22.5 kilometres (12 nm) from the Cotentin Peninsula in Normandy, France, and approximately 161 kilometres (100 mi) south of Great Britain.[26] It is the largest and southernmost of the Channel Islands. This image was acquired on September 23, 2000, by the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) on NASA’s Terra satellite. ... This image was acquired on September 23, 2000, by the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) on NASA’s Terra satellite. ... This exaggerated-colour image of Jersey was taken on September 23rd 2000, by NASAs Terra satellite. ... Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... A vergee or vergée is a measure of area. ... “Miles” redirects here. ... For the Thoroughbred racehorse of the same name, see English Channel (horse). ... “km” redirects here. ... A nautical mile or sea mile is a unit of length. ... The Cotentin Peninsula juts out into the English Channel from Normandy towards England, forming part of the north-west coast of France. ... The climate is temperate with mild winters and cool summers.[27] The average annual temperature, 11.6°C is similar to the South Coast of England while the mean annual total sunshine of 1918 hours[28] is higher than anywhere in the United Kingdom.[29] The terrain consists of a plateau sloping from long sandy bays in the south to rugged cliffs in the north. The plateau is cut by valleys running generally north-south. [edit] Economy Main article: Economy of Jersey Thanks to specialisation in a few high return sectors, at purchasing power parity Jersey has very high economic output per capita, substantially ahead of all of the world's large developed economies. The CIA World Factbook estimate of Jersey's GDP per capita for 2005 is US$57,000, which was beaten only by two other small states with similar economic characteristics, Bermuda and Luxembourg. Jersey's economy is based on financial services, tourism, electronic commerce and agriculture; financial services contribute approximately sixty percent of the Island's economy,[27] and the Island is recognised as one of the leading offshore financial centres. Economy - overview: The economy is based largely on international financial services, agriculture, and tourism. ... PPP of GDP for the countries of the world (2003). ... World Factbook 2004 cover The World Factbook is an annual publication by the Central Intelligence Agency of the United States with basic almanac-style information about the various countries of the world. ... GDP is an acronym which can stand for more than one thing: (in economics) an abbreviation for Gross Domestic Product. ... Financial services is a term used to refer to the services provided by the finance industry. ... Tourist redirects here. ... Electronic commerce, commonly known as e-commerce or eCommerce, consists of the buying and selling of products or services over electronic systems such as the Internet and other computer networks. ... An offshore financial centre (or OFC), although not precisely defined, is usually a low-tax, lightly regulated jurisdiction which specialises in providing the corporate and commercial infrastructure to facilitate the use of that jurisdiction for the formation of offshore companies and for the investment of offshore funds. ... In June 2005 the States introduced the Competition (Jersey) Law 2005 [30] in order to regulate competition and stimulate economic growth. This competition law was based on that of other jurisdictions. Competition is the act of striving against others for the purpose of achieving gain, such as income, pride, amusement, or dominance. ... Antitrust redirects here. ... Aside from its banking and finance underpinnings (and the finance industries supporting industries) Jersey also depends on tourism. In 2006 there were 729,000 visitors (down 3% on the previous year) but total visitor spending rose 1% to £222m[31]. Duty-free goods are available for purchase on travel to and from the Island. This article is about a tax measure. ... Major agricultural products are potatoes and dairy produce. The source of milk is Jersey cattle, a small breed of cow that has also been acknowledged (though not widely so) for the quality of its meat.[32][33] Small-scale organic beef production has been reintroduced in an effort to diversify the industry. For other uses, see Potato (disambiguation). ... A Jersey cow in the western United States. ... Farmers and growers often sell surplus food and flowers in boxes on the roadside, relying on the honesty of those who pass to drop the correct change into the money box and take what they want. In the 21st century diversification of agriculture and amendments in planning strategy have led to farm shops replacing many of the roadside stalls. On February 18, 2005, Jersey was granted Fairtrade Island status.[34] is the 49th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Fairtrade Town is a status awarded by the Fairtrade Foundation in the United Kingdom and Channel Islands, describing an area which is committed to the promotion of Fairtrade-labelled goods. ... [edit] Taxation Until the twentieth century, the States relied on indirect taxation to finance the administration of Jersey. The levying of impôts (duties) was in the hands of the Assembly of Governor, Bailiff and Jurats until 1921 when that body's tax raising powers were transferred to the Assembly of the States, leaving the Assembly of Governor, Bailiff and Jurats to serve simply as licensing bench for the sale of alcohol (this fiscal reform also stripped the Lieutenant-Governor of most of his effective remaining administrative functions). The Income Tax Law of 1928 introducing income tax was the first law drafted entirely in English. Income tax has been levied at a flat rate of 20% for decades. Tax rates around the world Tax revenue as % of GDP Economic policy Monetary policy Central bank   Money supply Fiscal policy Spending   Deficit   Debt Trade policy Tariff   Trade agreement Finance Financial market Financial market participants Corporate   Personal Public   Banking   Regulation        An income tax is a tax levied on the financial income... A flat tax, also called a proportional tax, is a system that taxes all entities in a class (typically either citizens or corporations) at the same rate (as a proportion on income), as opposed to a graduated, or progressive, scheme. ... As VAT has not been levied in the Island, luxury goods have often been cheaper than in the UK or in France, providing an incentive for tourism from neighbouring countries. The absence of VAT has also led to the growth of the fulfilment industry, whereby low-value luxury items, such as videos, lingerie and contact lenses are exported to the UK, avoiding VAT on arrival and thus undercutting UK prices on the same products. In 2005, the States of Jersey announced limits on licences granted to non-resident companies trading in this way. Tax rates around the world Tax revenue as % of GDP Economic policy Monetary policy Central bank   Money supply Gold standard Fiscal policy Spending   Deficit   Debt Policy-mix Trade policy Tariff   Trade agreement Finance Financial market Financial market participants Corporate   Personal Public   Regulation Banking Fractional-reserve Full-reserve   Free banking Islamic... Look up Fulfillment in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Although Jersey does not have VAT, on 13 May 2005, the States of Jersey approved the introduction of a goods and services tax (GST), scheduled for 2008. is the 133rd day of the year (134th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Goods and Services Tax is a Value-added tax that exists in a number of countries. ... The strategy for introducing the new GST tax is to fill a 'black hole' in the budget that is created by the introduction of a new 0/10 tax that replaces the old tax system that previously exempted foreign investors from corporation tax and levied a 20% rate on Jersey residents. The new 0/10 tax exempts all businesses except those in financial services from having to pay any corporation tax (0%), while leaving the financial services to pay a low tax rate (10%). The income generated from the new 0/10 tax proposal will not be equal to the revenue of the original tax system and this leaves Jersey with a deficit in their budget of several million pounds. To fill the deficit created by the changes made to Jersey's tax structure, the States of Jersey are introducing GST. GST will be added to most goods and services, which in effect will raise the cost of living for everyone in the island. The people hit the hardest by the new GST will be the people on the lowest incomes, however, to try to prevent islanders living below the poverty line, the States of Jersey are introducing an Income Support service in January 2008. It is arguable that the people who will benefit from Jersey's new tax structure will be the owners of the large businesses that are separate or support the financial service based businesses. This is because they will not have to pay any corporation tax but will still benefit from the island's business.[35] [edit] Currency Twin cash machines at a bank which dispensed a choice of Bank of England or Jersey banknotes. Since the intervention of the Treasurer of the States in 2005, cash machines generally (with the exception of those at the Airport and Elizabeth Harbour) no longer dispense English notes. Main article: Jersey pound Jersey issues its own Jersey banknotes and coins which circulate with UK coinage, Bank of England notes, Scottish notes and Guernsey currency within the Island. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1318x647, 452 KB) Please see the file description page for further information. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1318x647, 452 KB) Please see the file description page for further information. ... Outdoor ATMs may be free-standing, like this kiosk, or built into the side of banks or other buildings An automatic teller machine, automated teller machine (ATM) or cash machine is an electronic device that allows a banks customers to make cash withdrawals and check their account balances without... ISO 4217 Code none User(s) Jersey Inflation 5. ... ISO 4217 Code none User(s) Jersey Inflation 5. ... Headquarters Coordinates , , Governor Mervyn King Central Bank of United Kingdom Currency Pound sterling ISO 4217 Code GBP Base borrowing rate 5. ... British banknotes are the banknotes of the United Kingdom and British Islands, denominated in pounds sterling (GBP). ... The Guernsey pound (currency code GGP) is the currency used in Guernsey. ... [edit] Coinage Designs on the reverse of Jersey coins: The British Crown Dependency of Jersey has its own currency, the Jersey pound, which is linked to the Pound Sterling. ...   1p Le Hocq Tower (coastal defence)   2p L'Hermitage, site where Saint Helier lived   5p Seymour Tower (offshore defence) 10p La Pouquelaye de Faldouet (dolmen) 20p La Corbière lighthouse 50p Grosnez Castle (ruins) Pound coins are issued, but are much less widely used than pound notes. Designs on the reverse of Jersey pound coins include historic ships built in Jersey and a series of the twelve parishes' crests. The motto round the milled edge of Jersey pound coins is Insula Caesarea (Latin: "Island of Jersey"). Two pound coins are issued also, but in very small quantities. Le Hocq (pronounced: Le Hock) is an area found in the parish of St. ... The face of Saint Helier is sculpted on the 1978 monument La Croix de la Reine in St. ... Poulnabrone dolmen in County Clare, Ireland For the French TV miniseries, see Dolmen (TV miniseries). ... Saint-Malo sculpture commemorating a maritime rescue in 1995 La Corbière (Jèrriais: La Corbiéthe) is the extreme south-western point of Jersey in St. ... For other uses, see Latin (disambiguation). ... [edit] Demographics Mont Orgueil was built in the thirteenth century to protect Jersey from French invasion. Main article: Demographics of Jersey The Island is host to a large number of people born outside Jersey; 47% of the population are not originally from the island.[36] Download high resolution version (1531x916, 883 KB)Mont Orgueil, a castle (also known as Gorey Castle) in Jersey Image created by User:Man vyi on 2nd May 2005 File links The following pages link to this file: Jersey History of Jersey Images of castles Categories: Creative Commons ShareAlike images | Jersey... Download high resolution version (1531x916, 883 KB)Mont Orgueil, a castle (also known as Gorey Castle) in Jersey Image created by User:Man vyi on 2nd May 2005 File links The following pages link to this file: Jersey History of Jersey Images of castles Categories: Creative Commons ShareAlike images | Jersey... Mont Orgueil (French: Mount Pride) has guarded Jerseys east coast since the 13th century Mont Orgueil is a castle in Jersey. ... Population: 87,186 (2001 census) (87,500 - 2004 est. ... Censuses have been undertaken in Jersey since 1821, the most recent being the 2001 Census on March 11. is the 70th day of the year (71st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Thirty percent of the population is concentrated in Saint Helier, the island's only town. Of the roughly 88,000 people in Jersey, around two-fifths are of Jersey/Norman descent and two-fifths of British (English, Scottish, Welsh and Northern Irish) descent. The largest minority groups in the island, after the British, are Portuguese (around 7%, especially Madeiran), Irish and Polish. The French community is also always present. The people of Jersey are often called Islanders, or in individual terms Jerseyman or Jerseywoman. Some Jersey-born people consider themselves British and value the special relationship between the British Crown and the Island, whereas a large number of pure Jersey people consider themselves more European, leaning towards the French. However, Jersey-borns consider themselves Islanders and say they are from Jersey, Channel Islands as opposed to England or the United Kingdom. Saint Helier (Jèrriais: St Hélyi) is one of the twelve parishes and the largest town on Jersey, the largest of the Channel Islands in the English Channel. ... For other uses, see Madeira (disambiguation). ... Religion in Jersey has a complex history and much diversity. The established church is the Church of England. In the countryside, Methodism found its traditional stronghold. A minority of Roman Catholics can also be found in Jersey, with two Catholic private schools (De La Salle College in Saint Saviour being an all-boys Catholic school, and Beaulieu Convent School down the road in Saint Helier being an all-girls school where the sisters still have a presence in school life). The wall paintings of the Chapelle ès Pêcheurs (Fishermens Chapel) are a rare survival of the iconoclasm of the Reformation in Jersey. ... In English history, the Established Church is the Church of England, the church which is established by the Government, supported by it, and of which the monarch is the titular head; until 1920 it also held the same position in Wales. ... The Church of England is the officially established Christian church[3] in England, the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the oldest among the communions thirty-eight independent nat