Jijiga is a city in eastern Ethiopia, located approximately 80 km east of Harar and 60 km west of the border with Somaliland. Located at latitude 9° 10' north and longitude 42° 48' east, Jijiga has an airport. The city is located on the main road between Harar and the Somali city of Hargeysa, and is known for incense production. As of 1994, this market town had a population of 56,821 people. A kilometre (American spelling: kilometer), symbol: km is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1000 metres (from the Greek words χίλια (khilia) = thousand and μέτρο (metro) = count/measure). ... Harar enclosed within the city wall, Jugol Harar, sometimes spelled Harrar or Harer, is a city in Ethiopia situated in the eastern extension of the Ethiopian highlands, about five hundred kilometers from Addis Ababa. ... Motto: Justice, Peace, Freedom, Democracy and Success for All Anthem: dum ala khair, dum ala khair, Samo ku waar Samo ku waar Saamo ku waar Capital Hargeisa Largest city Hargeisa Official language(s) Arabic, Somali Government President Republic Dahir Riyale Kahin Independence  - Declared  - Recognition From Somalia  - May 18, 1991  - none... Hargeisa Hargeisa (Somali: Hargeysa) is a city in northwestern Somalia, it is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Somaliland which was formed in 1991. ... Incense is a preparation of aromatic plant matter, often with the addition of essential oils extracted from plant or animal sources, intended to release fragrant smoke for religious, therapeutic, or aesthetic purposes as it smolders. ... 1994 was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International year of the Family. ... The market town is a medieval phenomenon. ...

In his memoirs of his homeland, Nega Mezlekia describes Jijiga as sitting "on a vast, unmitigated plain, with no greenery in sight except for the occasional cactus bush used as shelter by the wandering hyena, and the inevitable sacred tree in every compound. The city is surrounded by rocky mountains on all sides save the north, which is open as far as the eye can see."^[1] Nega Mezlekia(1960-) is an award winning Ethiopian writer who writes in English. ... Genera Crocuta Hyaena Parahyaena Proteles Hyenas (or Hyænas) are moderately large terrestrial carnivores native to Africa and Asia. ...

Jijiga was a city of Hararghe province, but when the Ethiopian constitution was adopted in 1995, it became the capital of the Somali Administrative Region (or kilil). During the Ogaden War Jijiga was occupied by the Somali National Army, from September 1977 to February 1978. Hararghe, sometimes spelled Harerge, was a province in the eastern part of Ethiopia, with its capital in Harar. ... 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... In politics, a capital (also called capital city or political capital — although the latter phrase has an alternative meaning based on an alternative meaning of capital) is the principal city or town associated with its government. ... Ethiopia is divided into 9 ethnically-based administrative regions (kililoch; singular - kilil): Afar Amhara Benishangul-Gumaz Gambela Hariai Oromia Somali Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region Tigray Additionally, there are two chartered cities (astedader akababiwach, singular - astedader akabibi): Addis Ababa Dire Dawa These administrative regions replaced the older system of... The Ogaden War was a conventional conflict between Somalia and Ethiopia in 1977 and 1978 over the Ogaden region of Ethiopia. ... The Somali National Army was made up of the army, navy, air force, and air defense command. ... For the album by Ash, see 1977 (album). ... 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1978 calendar). ...

Notes

1. ^ Notes from the Hyena's Belly: An Ethiopian Childhood (New York: Picador,2000), p. 5.

Also known as Jigjiga, is one of the most historic city in that region founded by King Wiilwaal who came from the most powerfull Somali Tribe in that time called Jidwaq, who related The Ogaden.