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Encyclopedia > Jim Lovell

James Arthur Lovell, Jr.
Jim Lovell
Astronaut
Nationality American
Born March 25, 1928 (1928-03-25) (age 79)
Flag of the United StatesCleveland, Ohio, USA
Other occupation Test Pilot
Rank Captain, USN
Space time 29d 19h 03m
Selection 1962 NASA Group
Missions Gemini 7, Gemini 12, Apollo 8, Apollo 13
Mission
insignia

Captain James 'Jim' Arthur Lovell, Jr., USN (Ret.) (born March 25, 1928) is a former NASA astronaut, most famous as the commander of Apollo 13, which suffered an explosion enroute to the Moon but was brought back safely to Earth by the efforts of the crew and mission control. Lovell was also the command module pilot of Apollo 8, the first Apollo mission to enter lunar orbit. Lovell is a recipient of the Congressional Space Medal of Honor and the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 506 × 600 pixels Full resolution (675 × 800 pixel, file size: 124 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) James Lovell, zdjÄ™cie z 1970 r. ... is the 84th day of the year (85th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Official language(s) None Capital Columbus Largest city Columbus Largest metro area Cleveland Area  Ranked 34th  - Total 44,825 sq mi (116,096 km²)  - Width 220 miles (355 km)  - Length 220 miles (355 km)  - % water 8. ... Test pilots are aviators who fly new and modified aircraft in specific maneuvers, allowing the results to be measured and the design to be evaluated. ... Captain is a rank or title with various meanings. ... USN redirects here. ... 1958 1959 1960 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1976 1978 1979 1980 1982 1984 1985 1987 1990 1992 1994 1995 1996 1997 2000 2003 2004 1958 June 25 - Man In Space Soonest - USA The first group of American astronaut candidates were selected... Gemini 7 (officially Gemini VII) was a 1965 manned spaceflight in NASAs Gemini program. ... Gemini 12 (officially Gemini XII) was a 1966 manned spaceflight in NASAs Gemini program. ... Apollo 8 was the second successful manned mission of the Apollo space program, in which Commander Frank Borman, Command Module Pilot James Lovell and Lunar Module Pilot William Anders became the first humans to orbit around the Moon. ... Original crew photo. ... Image File history File links Ge07Patch_orig. ... Image File history File links Gemini_12_insignia. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (800x718, 144 KB) Summary This is the the Apollo 8 mission patch. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 603 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (759 × 755 pixel, file size: 840 KB, MIME type: image/png) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Apollo 13 Jim Lovell Jack Swigert... is the 84th day of the year (85th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the American space agency. ... Astronaut Bruce McCandless II using a manned maneuvering unit outside the U.S. Space Shuttle Challenger in 1984. ... Original crew photo. ... Apollo 8 was the second successful manned mission of the Apollo space program, in which Commander Frank Borman, Command Module Pilot James Lovell and Lunar Module Pilot William Anders became the first humans to orbit around the Moon. ... Congressional Space Medal of Honor The Congressional Space Medal of Honor was authorized by the United States Congress in 1969 to recognize any astronaut who in the performance of his duties has distinguished himself by exceptionally meritorious efforts and contributions to the welfare of the Nation and mankind. ... The Presidential Medal of Freedom The Presidential Medal of Freedom is one of the two highest civilian awards in the United States and is bestowed by the President of the United States (the other award which is considered its equivalent is the Congressional Gold Medal, which is bestowed by an...

Contents

Biography

Youth and early experience

Born in Cleveland, Ohio, Lovell's family moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where he graduated from Juneau High School and became an Eagle Scout.[1][2] His father died in a car accident when Jim was young and, for about two years, he resided with a relative in Terre Haute, Indiana. Later he attended the University of Wisconsin-Madison for two years, joining the Alpha Phi Omega fraternity. He continued on to the United States Naval Academy and, after graduating in 1952, entered the United States Navy where he served in the Korean War. He spent four years as a test pilot at the Naval Air Test Center (now the U.S. Naval Test Pilot School) in Patuxent River, Maryland, using the call sign "Shaky". Lovell was considered for the Mercury Seven but turned down due to a medical technicality later deemed less relevant. He was then selected in 1962 for the second group of NASA astronauts. Nickname: Motto: Progress & Prosperity Location in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, USA Coordinates: , Country State County Cuyahoga Founded 1796 Incorporated 1814 (village)   1836 (city) Government  - Mayor Frank G. Jackson (D) Area [1]  - City  82. ... Nickname: Location of Milwaukee in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin Coordinates: , County Milwaukee Government  - Mayor Tom Barrett (D) Area  - City  97 sq mi (251. ... Eagle Scout is the highest rank attainable by a Scout in the Boy Scouts of America (BSA), and is also used as a title of a Scout who has achieved this honor. ... Terre Haute (IPA: ) is a city in Vigo County, Indiana near the states western border with Illinois. ... “University of Wisconsin” redirects here. ... Alpha Phi Omega (commonly known as APO, but also ΑΦΩ, A-Phi-O, and A-Phi-Q) is a co-ed service fraternity organized to provide community service, leadership development, [1] and social opportunities to college students. ... The United States Naval Academy (USNA) is an institution for the undergraduate education of officers of the United States Navy and Marine Corps and is in Annapolis, Maryland . ... USN redirects here. ... Combatants United Nations:  Republic of Korea,  Australia,  Belgium,  Luxembourg,  Canada,  Colombia,  Ethiopia,  France,  Greece,  Luxembourg,  Netherlands,  New Zealand,  Philippines,  South Africa,  Thailand,  Turkey,  United Kingdom,  United States Medical staff:  Denmark,  Australia,  Italy,  Norway,  Sweden Communist states:  Democratic People’s Republic of Korea,  Peoples Republic of China,  Soviet Union Commanders... Test pilots are aviators who fly new and modified aircraft in specific maneuvers, allowing the results to be measured and the design to be evaluated. ... U.S. Naval Test Pilot School Logo The United States Naval Test Pilot School (USNTPS), located at Naval Air Station (NAS) Patuxent River, Maryland, provides instruction to experienced U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, Army and Air Force pilots, flight officers, and engineers in the processes and techniques of aircraft and... The Patuxent River is a tributary of the Chesapeake Bay in the state of Maryland. ... Call sign can refer to different types of call signs: Airline call sign Aviator call sign Cosmonaut call sign Radio and television call signs Tactical call sign, also known as a tactical designator See also: International Callsign Allocations, Maritime Mobile Service Identity This is a disambiguation page — a navigational... Original seven Astronauts portrait (L-R: Schirra, Shepard, Slayton, Grissom, Glenn, Cooper, Carpenter) The Mercury Seven was the group of seven Mercury astronauts picked in April 1959. ... NASAs Astronaut Group 2, also known as The New Nine, was the second group of astronauts selected by NASA in September 1962. ...


NASA experience

Lovell was the backup pilot for Gemini 4, and his first spaceflight was as pilot of Gemini 7 in December 1965, which was the first flight to spend a fortnight in space, and also conducted the first space rendezvous with Gemini 6A. Lovell was originally scheduled to be the backup commander of Gemini 10, but after the deaths of Elliott See and Charles Bassett, he became backup commander of Gemini 9A, and in November 1966 made his second flight into space as commander of Gemini 12. After these two flights, Lovell had spent more time in space than any other human. Gemini 4 (officially Gemini IV) was a 1965 manned space flight in NASAs Gemini program. ... Gemini 7 (officially Gemini VII) was a 1965 manned spaceflight in NASAs Gemini program. ... Year 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. ... A fortnight is a unit of time equal to two weeks: that is 14 days, or literally 14 nights. ... Gemini 6A (officially Gemini VI-A) was a 1965 manned spaceflight in NASAs Gemini program. ... Gemini 10 (officially Gemini X) was a 1966 manned spaceflight in NASAs Gemini program. ... Elliott See Elliott McKay See, Jr. ... Astronaut Charles Bassett NAME: Charles A. Bassett , II (Captain, USAF) NASA Astronaut (Deceased) // Personal data Bassett was born in Dayton, Ohio, on December 30, 1931, and died February 28, 1966, in St. ... Gemini 9A (officially Gemini IX-A) was a 1966 manned spaceflight in NASAs Gemini program. ... Year 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. ... Gemini 12 (officially Gemini XII) was a 1966 manned spaceflight in NASAs Gemini program. ...


He was then made command module pilot on the backup crew for Apollo 9 with Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin. He later replaced Michael Collins, the original command module pilot on Apollo 9, who needed to have surgery for a bone spur on his spine shortly before the Apollo 8-Apollo 9 crew swap. Along with Frank Borman and William Anders, Lovell flew on Apollo 8 in December 1968, the first manned mission to travel to the Moon. Apollo 9 was the third manned mission in the Apollo program, a ten day earth-orbital mission launched 3 March 1969. ... This article is about the former American astronaut. ... Colonel Buzz Aldrin, Sc. ... Michael Collins (born October 31, 1930) is a former American astronaut and test pilot. ... Apollo 9 was the third manned mission in the Apollo program, a ten day earth-orbital mission launched 3 March 1969. ... Bone spur - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes. ... Apollo 8 was the second successful manned mission of the Apollo space program, in which Commander Frank Borman, Command Module Pilot James Lovell and Lunar Module Pilot William Anders became the first humans to orbit around the Moon. ... Apollo 9 was the third manned mission in the Apollo program, a ten day earth-orbital mission launched 3 March 1969. ... Frank Borman (right) poses with Jim Lovell (left) and Bill Anders (center) for an Apollo 8 publicity photo Frank Borman (born March 14, 1928) was a NASA astronaut, best remembered as one of the three crewmembers of Apollo 8, the first mission to fly around the Moon. ... William Alison Anders (born October 17, 1933) is a former United States Air Force officer and National Aeronautics and Space Administration astronaut. ... Apollo 8 was the second successful manned mission of the Apollo space program, in which Commander Frank Borman, Command Module Pilot James Lovell and Lunar Module Pilot William Anders became the first humans to orbit around the Moon. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about Earths moon. ...


Lovell was backup commander of Apollo 11 and was scheduled to command Apollo 14, but he and his crew swapped missions with the crew of Apollo 13, as it was felt the commander of the other crew, Alan Shepard, needed more time to train after being grounded for a long period. On April 11, 1970, Lovell took off on Apollo 13 with Fred Haise and Jack Swigert, planning to land on the Moon along with Haise. But on April 13, while in Earth-Moon transit, a damaged stir coil in a cryogenic oxygen tank sparked during a routine tank stir. This in turn triggered an explosion that crippled the Command Module "Odyssey." Venting oxygen from the damaged system, the vessel quickly lost most of both its breathable air supply and its electrical system, which was fed by fuel cells that used oxygen as a reactant. Lovell's immediate transmission to Apollo Mission Control, "Houston, we have a problem," is considered one of the most dramatic examples of the kind of cool-headedness that defined astronauts and test pilots. The Apollo 11 mission was the first manned mission to land on the Moon. ... Apollo 14 was the eighth manned mission in the Apollo program and the third mission to land on the Moon. ... Original crew photo. ... Alan Bartlett Shepard, Jr. ... is the 101st day of the year (102nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Fred Wallace Haise, Jr. ... John Leonard Jack Swigert, Jr. ... is the 103rd day of the year (104th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... A fuel cell is an electrochemical device similar to a battery, but differing from the latter in that it is designed for continuous replenishment of the reactants consumed; i. ...


In the aftermath of the explosion, Apollo 13's lunar landing mission was aborted and the goal became simply survival. Using the lunar module's engine, oxygen and power, Lovell and his crew swung around the Moon on a free-return trajectory. Based on calculations made on Earth, Lovell had to adjust the course several times by manually controlling the Lunar Module's thrusters and engine. Apollo 13 returned safely to Earth on April 17. Lovell is one of only three men to travel to the Moon twice, but unlike John Young and Eugene Cernan, he never walked on it. Description Role: Lunar landing Crew: 2; CDR, LM pilot Dimensions Height: 20. ... is the 107th day of the year (108th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... John Watts Young (born September 24, 1930) is a former NASA astronaut who walked on the Moon on Apollo 16, April 21, 1972. ... Eugene Andrew Cernan (born March 14, 1934) is a former American astronaut. ...


His four flights made him the record holder for time in space (over 715 hours) and had seen more sunrises from space than any human who had ever lived until the Skylab missions. It is also possible that he holds the record (with his Apollo 13 crewmates) for farthest distance a human has travelled from Earth.[citation needed] For other uses, see Skylab (disambiguation). ...


After the US Navy and NASA

He retired from the Navy and the space program in 1973 and went to work at the Bay-Houston Towing Company in Houston, Texas, becoming CEO in 1975. He became president of Fisk Telephone Systems in 1977, and later worked for Centel, retiring as an executive vice president on January 1, 1991. Lovell, a recipient of the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award,[3] later served as the President of the National Eagle Scout Association in the mid-1990s. He was also recognized by the Boy Scouts of America with their prestigious Silver Buffalo Award. “Houston” redirects here. ... Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is the job of having the ultimate executive responsibility or authority within an organization or corporation. ... Centel Corporation was a former independent telephone company that provided telephone services in largely rural areas. ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ... The Distinguished Eagle Scout Award, is a special award, awarded only to Eagle Scouts, for distinguished service in his profession or to the community for a period of at least 25 years after earning his Eagle Scout rank. ... The National Eagle Scout Association (NESA) is an organization of men who have earned the rank of Eagle Scout in the Boy Scouts of America. ... For the Boy Scouting program within the BSA, see Boy Scouting (Boy Scouts of America). ... The Silver Buffalo Award is the highest service award of the Boy Scouts of America. ...


In 1976 he made a cameo appearance in the Nicolas Roeg film The Man Who Fell to Earth . Nicolas Jack Roeg, born on August 15, 1928 in London, is an internationally-known cinematographer and film director. ... The Man Who Fell to Earth is a 1976 film directed by Nicolas Roeg about an extraterrestrial who crash lands on Earth seeking a way to ship water to his planet, which is suffering from a severe drought. ...


Along with Jeffrey Kluger, Lovell wrote a book on the Apollo 13 mission, Lost Moon: The Perilous Voyage of Apollo 13. This book was the basis for the later Ron Howard movie Apollo 13 starring Tom Hanks as Lovell. In order to prepare for the role, Hanks visited Lovell and his wife at their house in Texas and even went for a ride with Lovell in his private airplane. In the movie Apollo 13, Lovell has a cameo as the ship's captain on the recovery ship. He was initially offered to be the admiral of the ship, but Lovell stated "I retired as a captain and a captain I will be" and he was cast. He can be seen as the older gentleman shaking Tom Hanks' hand on the recovery ship USS Iwo Jima during the voice over by Tom Hanks. Jeffrey Kluger (b. ... For other people named Ron Howard, see Ronald Howard. ... Apollo 13 is a 1995 film portrayal of the ill-fated Apollo 13 lunar mission. ... Thomas Jeffrey Hanks (born July 9, 1956) is an American two-time Academy Award-winning film actor, Emmy-winning director, voice-over artist and movie producer. ... USS Iwo Jima (LPH-2) was the lead ship of her class—the first ship to be designed and built from the keel up as an amphibious assault ship. ...


In 1999, Lovell, along with his family, opened Lovells of Lake Forest, a fine dining restaurant in Lake Forest, Illinois. The restaurant displays many artifacts from Lovell's time with NASA, as well as from the filming of Apollo 13. Lovell's son Jay is the executive chef. Incorporated City in 1861. ... Apollo 13 is a 1995 film portrayal of the ill-fated Apollo 13 lunar mission. ...


Lovell also visits colleges and universities where he gives speeches on his experiences as an astronaut and businessman. He strongly urges students to get involved in science and the space program and he credits NASA in the 1960s with bringing much of the country together for a common goal.


In 2006, the Adler Planetarium opened their "Shoot for the Moon" exhibit based on the life of Jim Lovell, along with the Gemini and Apollo missions. Adler Planetarium The Adler Planetarium and Astronomy Museum in downtown Chicago, Illinois was the first planetarium in the United States and is the oldest in existence today. ...


He married Marilyn Gerlach in 1952 and they have four children - Barbara (born in 1953), James (1955), Susan (1958) and Jeffrey (1966).


Formal education

  • University of Wisconsin-Madison
  • United States Naval Academy (BS, 1952)
  • Test Pilot School, Naval Air Test Center, Patuxent River, Maryland (1958)
  • Aviation Safety School, University of Southern California (1961)
  • Advanced Management Program, Harvard Business School (1978)

Awards and decorations

Captain Lovell's awards and decorations include:


Military Awards

Other Awards The Navy Distinguished Service Medal is a military award of the United States Navy and United States Marine Corps which was first created in 1919. ... The Distinguished Flying Cross. ... Bronze and Silver Service Stars A Service star, also referred to as a battle star, campaign star, or engagement star, is an attachment to a military decoration which denotes participation in military campaigns or multiple bestowals of the same award. ... The Air Medal is a military decoration of the United States which was established by Executive Order 9158, signed by Franklin D. Roosevelt, on May 11, 1942. ... The Commendation Medal is a mid-level United States military award which is presented for sustained acts of heroism or meritorious service. ... Ribbon for the National Defense Service Medal The National Defense Service Medal is a military decoration of the United States military originally commissioned by President Dwight D. Eisenhower. ... The Navy Expeditionary Medal is an award of the United States Navy which was first created in August 1936 by General Orders of the Department of the Navy. ... An Astronaut Badge is a military badge of the United States, awarded to military aviation pilots who have completed Astronaut training with NASA and performed a successful space flight. ... First World War Aviator Badge WWI Senior Aviator Badge Enlisted Aviator Badge A United States Aviator Badge refers to three types of aviation badges issued by the United States military, those being for Army, Air Force, and Naval aviation. ...

Chattanooga Metropolitan Airport is also called Lovell Field. An Eagle Scout is a Scout with the highest rank attainable in the Boy Scouting program of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA). ... The Distinguished Eagle Scout Award, is a special award, awarded only to Eagle Scouts, for distinguished service in his profession or to the community for a period of at least 25 years after earning his Eagle Scout rank. ... The Silver Buffalo Award, created in 1926, is bestowed upon those adults who give truly noteworthy and extraordinary service to youth. ... Alpha Phi Omega (commonly known as APO, but also ΑΦΩ, A-Phi-O, and A-Phi-Q) is a co-ed service fraternity organized to provide community service, leadership development, [1] and social opportunities to college students. ... The Presidential Medal of Freedom The Presidential Medal of Freedom is one of the two highest civilian awards in the United States and is bestowed by the President of the United States (the other award which is considered its equivalent is the Congressional Gold Medal, which is bestowed by an... Chiang Kai-sheks Légion dhonneur. ... The NASA Distinguished Service Medal is the second highest award which may be bestowed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, ranking immediately below the Congressional Space Medal of Honor. ... Congressional Space Medal of Honor The Congressional Space Medal of Honor was authorized by the United States Congress in 1969 to recognize any astronaut who in the performance of his duties has distinguished himself by exceptionally meritorious efforts and contributions to the welfare of the Nation and mankind. ... Chattanooga Metropolitan Airport (IATA: CHA, ICAO: KCHA), also known as Lovell Field, is a public airport operated by the Chattanooga Metropolitan Airport Authority, located in the city of Chattanooga in Hamilton County, Tennessee, USA. Chattanooga Metropolitan Airport has a single concourse. ...


Lovell (crater) on the far side of the moon. Lovell is a small lunar crater that lies across the eastern edge of the Apollo walled plain, on the far side of the Moon. ... This article concerns the Far Side comic strip. ... This article is about Earths moon. ...


7th Street in Downtown Milwaukee, Wisconsin is now called "North James Lovell Street". Nickname: Location of Milwaukee in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin Coordinates: , County Milwaukee Government  - Mayor Tom Barrett (D) Area  - City  97 sq mi (251. ...


Capt. Lovell is a Fellow in the Society of Experimental Test Pilots and a member of the prestigious Golden Eagles. The Society of Experimental Test Pilots was founded in 1955 as the Testy Test Pilots Society and had Scott Crossfield, Ray Tenhoff, Joe Ozier, Dick Johnson, Tom Kilgariff, John Fitzpatrick as its original members. ...


Legal dispute

In the July 25-31, 1996 issue of the San Jose Metro, Lovell was quoted as saying the following of Moon landing hoax believer Bill Kaysing: The San Jose Metro is a free weekly newspaper based in San Jose, California, that serves the greater San Francisco Bay Area. ... Buzz Aldrin and Neil Armstrong in NASAs training mockup of the Moon and lander module. ... William Charles Kaysing (July 31, 1922 – April 21, 2005) was a writer who is best known for claiming that the six Apollo moon landings that took place between July 1969 and December 1972 were hoaxes. ...

"The guy is wacky. His position makes me feel angry. We spent a lot of time getting ready to go to the moon. We spent a lot of money, we took great risks, and it's something everybody in the country ought to be proud of."

Kaysing sued Lovell for libel. [4] In 1997 a judge threw the case out of court (Plait 2002:173).[5] “Libel” redirects here. ...

Miscellaneous Trivia

  • Jim Lovell's nickname in the astronaut corps was "Shaky." The nickname was given to him by Pete Conrad from their days as Test Pilots at Patuxent River.[1] [2]

Lovell on Film

In 1995, actor Tom Hanks portrayed Lovell in the hit movie Apollo 13, based on Lovell's book Lost Moon. Lovell himself makes a cameo in this movie, playing the captain of the U.S.S. Iwo Jima at the end of the film. Thomas Jeffrey Hanks (born July 9, 1956) is an American two-time Academy Award-winning film actor, Emmy-winning director, voice-over artist and movie producer. ... Apollo 13 is a 1995 film portrayal of the ill-fated Apollo 13 lunar mission. ... Lost Moon: The Perilous Voyage of Apollo 13 Lost Moon is a book written by Jim Lovell the original crew of the Apollo 13 moon mission and Jeffrey Kluger. ...


In 1998, actor Tim Daly, star of the TV sitcom Wings, portrayed Lovell in portions of the HBO miniseries From the Earth to the Moon. The film depicts Lovell during his missions aboard Gemini 12, Apollo 8, and Apollo 13, though he is not seen on screen during the latter mission. Timothy Daly (born March 1, 1956, in New York) is an American screen and voice actor and producer. ... Wings is an American sitcom that ran on NBC from April 19, 1990 to May 14, 1997. ... For other uses, see HBO (disambiguation). ... From the Earth to the Moon is a twelve-part HBO television miniseries (1998) co-produced by Ron Howard, Brian Grazer, Tom Hanks, and Michael Bostick detailing the landmark Apollo expeditions to the Moon during the 1960s and early 1970s. ... Gemini 12 (officially Gemini XII) was a 1966 manned spaceflight in NASAs Gemini program. ... Apollo 8 was the second successful manned mission of the Apollo space program, in which Commander Frank Borman, Command Module Pilot James Lovell and Lunar Module Pilot William Anders became the first humans to orbit around the Moon. ... Original crew photo. ...


Notes

  1. ^ Townley, Alvin [2006-12-26]. Legacy of Honor: The Values and Influence of America's Eagle Scouts. New York: St. Martin's Press, pp. 80-86. ISBN 0-312-36653-1. Retrieved on 2006-12-29. 
  2. ^ Ray, Mark (2007). What It Means to Be an Eagle Scout. Scouting Magazine. Boy Scouts of America. Retrieved on 2007-01-05.
  3. ^ Distinguished Eagle Scouts. Troop & Pack 179. Retrieved on 2006-03-02.
  4. ^ Mechanic, Michael (Jan. 1997). Astro Nots. Polis Report. Metroactive News & Issues. Retrieved on 2006-05-22.
  5. ^ Philip Plait (2002). Bad Astronomy: Misconceptions and Misuses Revealed, from Astrology to the Moon Landing "Hoax". John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 0-471-40976-6.

Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 360th day of the year (361st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 363rd day of the year (364th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 5th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 61st day of the year (62nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 142nd day of the year (143rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Wiley Building in Hoboken, New Jersey, located on the waterfront between River Street and Frank Sinatra Drive. ...

References

External links

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to:
Preceded by
Lyndon Johnson
Time's Men of the Year (Apollo 8 astronauts, alongside Frank Borman and William Anders)
1968
Succeeded by
Middle Americans

  Results from FactBites:
 
Jim Lovell - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (1220 words)
Lovell was the backup pilot for Gemini 4, and his first spaceflight was as pilot of Gemini 7 in December 1965, which was the first flight to spend a fortnight in space, and also conducted the first space rendezvous with Gemini 6A.
Lovell was originally scheduled to be the backup commander of Gemini 10, but after the deaths of Elliott See and Charles Bassett, he became backup commander of Gemini 9A, and in November 1966 made his second flight into space as commander of Gemini 12.
Lovell was backup commander of Apollo 11 and was scheduled to command Apollo 14, but he and his crew swapped missions with the crew of Apollo 13, as it was felt the commander of the other crew, Alan Shepard, needed more time to train after being grounded for a long period.
Jim Lovell: Apollo 13 Astronaut (612 words)
Lovell executed various commands in the Gemini Mission Program, including serving as backup pilot for the Gemini 4 flight and pilot on the history-making Gemini 7 flight which saw the first rendezvous of two manned spacecraft in 1965.
At the close of the Gemini program, Lovell became command module pilot and navigator for the epic six-day journey on Apollo 8, man’s maiden voyage to the moon, during which he and his fellow crew were the first humans to leave the earth’s gravitational influence.
Lovell educates and fascinates as he relates the skills required to turn a failed system into a successful mission to the tools needed to succeed in the business world of today and tomorrow.
  More results at FactBites »

 

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