Jinhan was a loose confederacy of chiefdoms that existed from around the 1st century BC to the 4th century CE in the southern Korean peninsula, to the east of the Nakdong River valley, Gyeongsang Province. Jinhan was one of the Samhan (or "Three Hans"), along with Byeonhan and Mahan. Apparently descending from the Jin state of southern Korea, Jinhan was absorbed by the later Silla, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. Hangul is the native alphabet used to write the Korean language, as opposed to the hanja system borrowed from China. ... Hanja, or hanmun, sometimes translated as Sino-Korean characters, are what Chinese characters (hanzi) are called in Korean. ... The Revised Romanization of Korean is the official Korean language romanization system in South Korea. ... McCune-Reischauer romanization is one of the two most widely used Korean language romanization systems, along with the Revised Romanization of Korean, which replaced (a modified) McCune-Reischauer as the official romanization system in South Korea in 2000. ... The Korean Peninsula is a peninsula in East Asia. ... The Nakdong River (Rakdong when referred from North Korea) is the longest river in South Korea, and passes through major cities such as Daegu and Busan. ... Gyeongsang (Gyeongsang-do) was one of the eight provinces of Korea during the Joseon Dynasty. ... During the Samhan period, the three confederacies of Mahan, Jinhan, and Byeonhan dominated the southern portion of the Korean peninsula. ... Byeonhan, also known as Byeonjin (변진, 弁辰), was a loose confederacy of chiefdoms that existed from around the beginning of the Common Era to the 4th century CE in the southern Korean peninsula, in the south and west of the Nakdong River valley. ... Jin was an early Iron Age state which occupied some portion of the southern Korean peninsula during the 2nd and 3rd centuries BCE, at the time when Wiman Joseon occupied the peninsula’s northern half. ... Silla (also denoted as Shilla) was one of the three kingdoms of ancient Korea. ... The Three Kingdoms of Korea were Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla, which dominated the Korean peninsula and parts of Manchuria for much of the 1st millennium CE. The Three Kingdoms period in Korea is usually considered to run from the 1st century BCE until Sillas triumph over Goguryeo in 668...

Jinhan, like the other Samhan confederacies, arose out of the confusion and migration following the fall of Gojoseon and establishment of the Chinese commanderies in the northern part of the Korean peninsula in 108 BC. Gojoseon (ancient Joseon, to distinguish from the later Joseon Dynasty) was the first Korean kingdom. ... Commandry (British English), or commandery (American English), was the smallest division of the European landed estate or manor under the control of a commendator, or commander, of an order of knights. ... The Korean Peninsula is a peninsula in East Asia. ...

Its relation to the earlier state of Jin is not clear, although the contemporary Chinese chronicle San Guo Zhi alleges that Jinhan was identical with Jin (while another record describes Jin as the predecessor of the Samhan as a whole). Jinhan and Byeonhan shared essentially the same culture, with varying religious customs, and apparently were not separated by a clear boundary. Jin was an early Iron Age state which occupied some portion of the southern Korean peninsula during the 2nd and 3rd centuries BCE, at the time when Wiman Joseon occupied the peninsula’s northern half. ... The Sānguó Zhì (Chinese 三國志, or 三國誌), variously translated as Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms, Records of the Three States and Records of the Three Kingdoms was the official and authoritative historical text compiled by Chen Shou during the Chinese Jin Dynasty (265-420) on the period of the Three...

According to the San Guo Zhi , Jinhan consisted of 12 statelets of 600 to 5000 families each: Korean kingdoms are listed in the order of their fall. ...

• Saro (사로국, 斯盧國), in Gyeongju, most powerful, later center of the Silla Kingdom
• Gijeo (기저국, 己柢國)
• Bulsa (불사국, 不斯國)
• Geun-gi (근기국, 勤耆國)
• Nanmirimidong (난미리미동국, 難彌理彌凍國)
• Yeomhae (염해국, 冉奚國)
• Gunmi (군미국, 軍彌國)
• Yeodam (여담국, 如湛國)
• Horo (호로국, 戶路國)
• Juseon (주선국, 州鮮國)
• Mayeon (마연국, 馬延國)
• U-yu (우유국, 優由國)

According to Korean records, the Silla Kingdom (around present-day Gyeongju), was founded by Bak Hyeokgeose in 57 BC, who united the leading clans of Jinhan under his rule. The records are sparse and conflicting regarding the relationship of the names Jinhan, Saro, Seorabeol, and the later Silla kingdom. Gyeongju is a city (see Subdivisions of South Korea) and prominent tourist destination in eastern South Korea. ... Record is also a music album by Montreal-based band Sofa. ... Silla (also denoted as Shilla) was one of the three kingdoms of ancient Korea. ... Gyeongju is a city (see Subdivisions of South Korea) and prominent tourist destination in eastern South Korea. ... Categories: 1st century deaths | 4 deaths | Korean rulers ...

We know little of the daily life of Jinhan people. The religion appears to have been shamanistic, and to have played an important role in politics as well. Agriculture was heavily dominated by rice, but also included substantial rearing of livestock including horses, cattle, and chickens. A shaman doctor of Kyzyl. ... Politics is the process by which decisions are made within groups. ... Species Oryza glaberrima Oryza sativa Rice refers to two species (Oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima) of grass, native to tropical and subtropical southeastern Asia and to Africa. ... Sheep are commonly bred as livestock. ... Binomial name Equus caballus Linnaeus, 1758 The horse (Equus caballus) is a sizeable ungulate mammal, one of ten modern species of the genus Equus. ... Binomial name Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758 Cattle (called cows in vernacular usage) are domesticated ungulates, a member of the subfamily Bovinae of the family Bovidae. ... Binomial nameGallus gallus A chicken (Gallus gallus) is a type of domesticated bird which is often raised as a type of poultry. ...

Location

Most theories indicate that Jinhan was located in the area later occupied by the Silla kingdom: the Gyeongju Basin and adjacent Sea of Japan (East Sea) coast. It would have been neighbored by the Byeonhan confederacy on the southwest, and by the much larger Mahan confederacy on the west. On the north it would have been bounded by the Chinese commanderies and the small coastal state of Dongye. However, some scholars place Jinhan in the Han River valley, bounded by Mahan on the north and Byeonhan on the south. The Gyeongju Basin is a landform in Gyeongju city, North Gyeongsang province, South Korea. ... The Sea of Japan (East Sea) is a marginal sea of the western Pacific Ocean. ... Byeonhan, also known as Byeonjin (변진, 弁辰), was a loose confederacy of chiefdoms that existed from around the beginning of the Common Era to the 4th century CE in the southern Korean peninsula, in the south and west of the Nakdong River valley. ... Dongye was a state which occupied portions of the northeastern Korean peninsula in the earliest centuries of the Common Era. ... The Han River located in South Korea, is the confluence of the South Han River, which originates in Mount Daedeok-san, and the North Han, which originates in Mount Geumgang-san. ...

See also

• List of Korea-related topics
• History of Korea