%20%20%20Picture%20of%20king%20John%20IV%20of%20Portugal.%20%20%20...

John IV of Portugal (%20%20%20%20Portuguese%20(portugu%26%23234%3Bs)%20is%20a%20%20%20Romance%20language%20predominantly%20spoken%20in%20%20%20Portugal%2C%20%20%20Brazil%2C%20%20%20Angola%2C%20%20%20Mozambique%2C%20%20%20Cape%20Verde%2C%20and%20%20%20East%20Timor.%20... Portuguese João IV) (March %20%20%20%20%20%20Events%20%20March%2024%20-%20Elizabeth%20I%20of%20England%20dies%20and%20is%20succeeded%20by%20her%20cousin%20King%20James%20VI%20of%20Scotland%2C%20uniting%20the%20crowns%20of%20Scotland%20and%20England%20April%2028%20%26%238211%3B%20Funeral%20of%20Elizabeth%20I%20of%20England%20in%20Westminster%20Abbey%20July%2017%20or%20July%2019%20-%20Sir%20Walter%20Raleigh%20arrested%20for%20treason.%20... 1603 - %20%20%20November%206%20is%20the%20310th%20day%20of%20the%20year%20(311th%20in%20leap%20years)%20in%20the%20Gregorian%20Calendar%2C%20with%2055%20days%20remaining.%20... November 6, %20%20%20%20%20%20Events%20%20Masuria%20is%20devastated%20during%20the%20Deluge%20when%20it%20was%20raided%20by%20Tartars%20and%20Poles%20End%20of%20the%20war%20started%20in%201648%20between%20Poland%2C%20Ducal%20Prussia%2C%20Russia%20and%20Transylvania.%20... 1656), the Restoring King (%20%20%20%20Portuguese%20(portugu%26%23234%3Bs)%20is%20a%20%20%20Romance%20language%20predominantly%20spoken%20in%20%20%20Portugal%2C%20%20%20Brazil%2C%20%20%20Angola%2C%20%20%20Mozambique%2C%20%20%20Cape%20Verde%2C%20and%20%20%20East%20Timor.%20... Port. o Restaurador), was the 21st (or 22nd according to some historians) %20%20This%20is%20a%20List%20of%20Portuguese%20monarchs%20from%20the%20independence%20of%20Portugal%20from%20Castile%20in%201139%2C%20to%20the%20beginning%20of%20the%20Republic%20in%20October%205%2C%201910.%20... King of %20%20%20The%20Republic%20of%20Portugal%20(Rep%26%23250%3Bblica%20Portuguesa)%2C%20or%20Portugal%2C%20is%20a%20democratic%20%20%20republic%20located%20on%20the%20west%20and%20southwest%20parts%20of%20the%20%20%20Iberian%20Peninsula%20in%20southwestern%20%20%20Europe%3B%20it%20is%20the%20westernmost%20country%20in%20continental%20Europe.%20... Portugal (%20%20%20%20%20%20Events%20%20December%201%20-%20Portugal%20regains%20its%20independence%20from%20Spain%20and%20Jo%5CxE3o%20IV%20of%20Portugal%20becomes%20king.%20... 1640 - %20%20%20%20%20%20Events%20%20Masuria%20is%20devastated%20during%20the%20Deluge%20when%20it%20was%20raided%20by%20Tartars%20and%20Poles%20End%20of%20the%20war%20started%20in%201648%20between%20Poland%2C%20Ducal%20Prussia%2C%20Russia%20and%20Transylvania.%20... 1656).

He was born at Vila Viçosa and succeeded his father, %20%20%20Teod%5CxF3sio%20II%20of%20Bragan%5CxE7a%2C%20(1568%2C%20Vila%20Vi%5CxE7osa%20-%201630)%20was%20the%207th%20Duke%20of%20Bragan%5CxE7a.%20... Teodósio II as %20%20%20The%20Duchy%20of%20Bragan%26%23231%3Ba%20or%20Braganza%20is%20one%20of%20the%20most%20important%20titles%20of%20the%20Portuguese%20Royal%20Family.%20... Duke of Braganza in %20%20%20%20%20%20Events%20%20February%2022%20-%20Native%20American%20Quadequine%20introduces%20Popcorn%20to%20English%20colonists.%20... 1630. John married Luisa de Guzman (1613-1666), eldest daughter of the %20%20%20Dukes%20of%20Medina%20Sidonia%20(1445)%20%20Juan%20Alfonso%20de%20Guzman%20El%20Bueno%2C%201st%20Duke%20of%20Medina%20Sidonia%20(1410-1468)%20Enrique%20de%20Guzman%20El%20Bueno%2C%202nd%20Duke%20of%20Medina%20Sidonia%20(d.%20... Duke of Medina-Sidonia, in %20%20%20%20%20%20Events%20%20February%2013%20-%20Galileo%20Galilei%20arrives%20in%20Rome%20for%20his%20trial%20before%20the%20Inquisition.%20... 1633. By the unanimous voice of the people he was raised to the throne of Portugal (of which he was held to be the legitimate heir) during the revolution effected on %20%20%20December%201%20is%20the%20335th%20(in%20leap%20years%20the%20336th)%20day%20of%20the%20year%20in%20the%20%20%20Gregorian%20calendar.%20... December 1, %20%20%20%20%20%20Events%20%20December%201%20-%20Portugal%20regains%20its%20independence%20from%20Spain%20and%20Jo%5CxE3o%20IV%20of%20Portugal%20becomes%20king.%20... 1640 against the Spanish king, %20%20%20%20%20%20%20Philip%20IV%20of%20Spain%20%20%20Philip%20IV%20(April%208%2C%201605%20-%20September%2017%2C%201665)%20was%20the%20king%20of%20Spain%2C%20from%201621%20until%20his%20death%2C%20and%20king%20of%20Portugal%20until%201640.%20... Philip IV.

His accession led to a protracted war with %20%20%20The%20Kingdom%20of%20Spain%20or%20Spain%20(%20%20Spanish%3A%20Reino%20de%20Espa%26%23241%3Ba%20or%20Espa%26%23241%3Ba%3B%20%20%20Catalan%3A%20Regne%20d%5CEspanya%3B%20%20%20Basque%3A%20Espainiako%20Erresuma%3B%20%20%20Galician%3A%20Reino%20da%20Espa%26%23241%3Ba)%20is%20a%20country%20located%20in%20the%20southwest%20of%20%20%20Europe.%20... Spain, which only ended with the recognition of Portuguese independence in a subsequent reign (%20%20%20%20%20%20%20Events%20%20January%20-%20The%20Triple%20Alliance%20of%201668%20is%20formed.%20... 1668). Portugal signed alliances with %20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20France%20-%20Wikipedia%20%2F**%2F%20%20%40import%20%5C%2Fskins%2Fmonobook%2FIE50Fixes.... France (June 1, %20%20%20%20%20%20Events%20%20The%20Long%20Parliament%20passes%20a%20series%20of%20legislation%20designed%20to%20contain%20Charles%20I%5Cs%20absolutist%20tendencies.%20... 1641) and %20%20%20The%20Kingdom%20of%20Sweden%20(%20%20Swedish%3A%20Konungariket%20Sverige%20%20%20%26%23160%3Blisten%3F)%20is%20a%20%20%20Nordic%20country%20in%20%20%20Scandinavia%2C%20in%20%20%20Northern%20Europe.%20... Sweden (Aug 1641) but by necessity its only contribution in the %20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20The%20victory%20of%20%20%20Gustavus%20Adolphus%20at%20the%20%20%20Battle%20of%20Breitenfeld%20(1631)%20%20%20The%20Thirty%20Years%5C%20War%20was%20a%20conflict%20fought%20between%20the%20years%20%20%201618%20and%20%20%201648%2C%20principally%20in%20the%20%20%20Central%20European%20territory%20of%20the%20%20%20Holy%20Roman%20Empire%2C%20but%20also%20involving%20most%20of%20the%20major%20continental%20powers.%20... Thirty Years' War were in the field against Spain and against %20%20%20The%20Netherlands%20(%20%20Dutch%3A%20Nederland)%20is%20the%20%20%20European%20part%20of%20the%20%20%20Kingdom%20of%20the%20Netherlands%20(%20%20Dutch%3A%20Koninkrijk%20der%20Nederlanden).%20... Dutch encroachments on the %20%20%20The%20Portuguese%20Empire%20was%20one%20of%20the%20earliest%20overseas%20empires.%20... Portuguese colonial empire.

In Iberia, a Spanish invasion was defeated at Montijo (1650). Abroad, the Dutch took %20%20%20%20Malacca%20is%20also%20the%20name%20of%20the%20largest%20village%20on%20Car%20Nicobar%2C%20the%20northernmost%20of%20the%20Nicobar%20Islands.%20%20%20%20... Malacca (Jan 1641) and the %20%20This%20is%20a%20list%20of%20Sultans%20of%20Oman.%20%20... Sultan of Oman captured %20%20%20Several%20things%20are%20known%20as%20Muscat%3A%20%20Muscat%20is%20the%20capital%20of%2C%20and%20was%20formerly%20the%20name%20of%20the%20Sultanate%20of%2C%20Oman.%20... Muscat (1648). However by 1654 most of %20%20%20The%20Federative%20Republic%20of%20Brazil%20(Rep%26%23250%3Bblica%20Federativa%20do%20Brasil%20in%20%20%20Portuguese)%20is%20the%20largest%20and%20%20%20most%20populous%20country%20in%20%20%20South%20America%2C%20and%20fifth%20largest%20in%20the%20world.%20... Brazil was back in Portuguese hands and had effectively ceased to be a viable Dutch colony. This was countered by the loss of Ceilan (Portuguese Ceilão), present day %20%20The%20Democratic%20Socialist%20Republic%20of%20Sri%20Lanka%20(%26%233521%3B%26%233530%3B%26%233515%3B%26%233539%3B%20%26%233517%3B%26%233458%3B%26%233482%3B%26%233535%3B%20in%20Sinhala%20%2F%20%26%232951%3B%26%232994%3B%26%232969%3B%26%233021%3B%26%232965%3B%26%233016%3B%20in%20Tamil)%20(known%20as%20Ceylon%20before%201972)%20is%20a%20tropical%20island%20nation%20off%20the%20southeast%20coast%20of%20the%20Indian%20subcontinent.%20... Sri Lanka, to the Dutch who took %20%20%20%20%20%20%20Towers%20of%20downtown%20Colombo%20%20%20Colombo%20(derived%20from%20Sinhalese%20name%20Kola-amba-thota%20which%20means%20%5Cmango%20harbour%5C%2C%20altered%20by%20the%20Portuguese%20to%20honour%20Christopher%20Columbus)%2C%20population%20737%2C396%20(Colombo%20metropolitan%20area%3A%202%2C234%2C289)%20(2001)%2C%20is%20the%20largest%20city%20and%20commercial%20center%20of%20Sri%20Lanka.%20... Colombo in 1656.

King John IV died in 1656 and was succeeded by his son %20%20%20%20Afonso%20VI%20(August%2021%2C%201643%20-%20September%2012%2C%201675)%20was%20king%20of%20Portugal%2C%20the%20second%20king%20of%20the%20House%20of%20Braganza.%20... Afonso VI. His daughter %20%20%20%20%20%20%20Catherine%20of%20Braganza.%20%20%20... Catarina married King %20%20%20%20%20%20%20Charles%20II%20King%20of%20England%2C%20Scotland%20and%20Ireland%20%20%20Charles%20II%20(29%20May%201630%26%238211%3B6%20February%201685)%20was%20the%20King%20of%20England%2C%20Scotland%20and%20Ireland%20from%2030%20January%201649%20(de%20jure)%20or%2029%20May%201660%20(de%20facto)%20until%20his%20death.%20... Charles II of England.

John was a patron of music and the arts, and a considerably sophisticated writer on music; in addition to this, he was a composer. During his reign he collected one of the largest libraries in the world, but it was destroyed in the %20%20%20%20%20%20%20Copper%20engraving%20of%20the%20Lisbon%20earthquake%201755%20%20%20The%201755%20Lisbon%20earthquake%20took%20place%20on%20November%201%2C%201755%20at%209%3A20%20in%20the%20morning.%20... Lisbon earthquake of 1755. Among his writings is a defense of %20%20%20Giovanni%20Pierluigi%20da%20Palestrina%20(Born%20in%20Palestrina%20(Praeneste)%20or%20Rome%2C%201525%2C%20latest%20February%201%2C%201526%20%26%238211%3B%20February%202%2C%201594%20in%20Rome)%20was%20an%20Italian%20composer%20of%20Renaissance%20music.%20... Palestrina, and a Defense of Modern Music (Lisbon, 1649).

This article incorporates text from the %20%20%20The%20public%20domain%20comprises%20the%20body%20of%20all%20creative%20works%20and%20other%20knowledge%26%238212%3Bwriting%2C%20artwork%2C%20music%2C%20science%2C%20inventions%2C%20and%20others%26%238212%3Bin%20which%20no%20person%20or%20organization%20has%20any%20proprietary%20interest.%20(... public domain %20%20%20%20The%20Eleventh%20Edition%20of%20the%20Encyclop%26%23230%3Bdia%20Britannica%20(%20%201911)%20in%20many%20ways%20represents%20the%20sum%20of%20knowledge%20at%20the%20beginning%20of%20the%20%20%2020th%20century.%20... 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica.