Joan Beaufort, Countess of Westmorland, (c.1379 - 13 November 1440), was the fourth child (and only daughter) of John of Gaunt and his mistress Katherine Swynford. Joan married Robert Ferrers, 3rd Baron Ferrers of Wemme, and they had two daughters before he died. Along with her three brothers, Joan was privately declared legitimate by their cousin Richard II of England in 1390, but for some reason their father secured another such declaration from Parliament in January 1397. Perhaps the reason was that on 3 February 1397, when she was 18, Joan married Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland, who had also been married once before. They had at least ten children, one of whom was Cecily Neville (1415 - 1495) ("Proud Cis"), who married Richard, Duke of York (1411 - 1460), and two of their children became Edward IV of England and Richard III of England. Events Robert of Geneva, the butcher of Cesena was elected as Pope Clement VII. This led to a schism in the Catholic church with one pope in Rome (Pope Gregory XI and the antipope (Clement VII) in Avignon. ... November 13 is the 317th day of the year (318th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 48 days remaining. ... For alternative meanings, see number 1440. ... John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster (June 24, 1340 - February 3, 1399), the third surviving son of King Edward III of England, gained his name because he was born at Ghent in 1340. ... Coat of arms designed for Katherine Swynford: three gold Catherine wheels (roet means wheel) on a red background. ... This article needs cleanup. ... There is also a play entitled Richard II by Shakespeare. ... Sir Ralph de Neville was born in Raby, County Durham, England, and was created 1st Earl of Westmoreland in 1397. ... The most notable woman named Cecily Neville was the mother of Edward IV of England and Richard III of England (see below), but she was not the only one to bear that name. ... This article is about Richard, Duke of York, father of King Edward IV. For the article about Edward IVs son who was imprisoned in the Tower of London see: Richard, Duke of York (Prince in the Tower). ... The text below is generated by a template, which has been proposed for deletion. ... Richard III (October 2, 1452 – August 22, 1485) was the King of England from 1483 until his death and the last king from the House of York. ...

Joan died on 13 November 1440 and was entombed next to her mother in the sanctuary of Lincoln Cathedral. Joan's is the smaller of the two tombs; both were decorated with brass plates -- full-length representations of them on the tops, and small shields bearing coats of arms around the sides -- but those were damaged or destroyed in 1644 during the English Civil War. A 1640 drawing of them survives, showing what the tombs looked like when they were intact, and side-by-side instead of end-to-end, as they are now. The city of Lincoln in England has had a cathedral since the 11th century. ... The English Civil War (or Wars) refers to the series of armed conflicts and political machinations which took place between Parliamentarians and Royalists from 1642 until 1651, specifically to the first (1642–1645) and second (1648–1649) civil wars between the supporters of King Charles I and the supporters of...