The German-born physicist Rudolf Mössbauer was the corecipient of the Nobel prize for physics in 1961.
Austrian-born U.S. pianist Rudolf Serkin was a keyboard virtuoso renowned for his intensity, superb technique, and unsentimental interpretations, both as a soloist and as a chamber musician.
One of the most prominent physicians of the 19th century, German scientist and statesman Rudolf Virchow pioneered the modern concept of the pathological processes of disease.