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Encyclopedia > John C. Mather
John C. Mather
John Cromwell Mather at NASA
John Cromwell Mather at NASA
Born August 7, 1946
Roanoke, Virginia, USA
Residence USA
Nationality American
Field Astrophysicist and cosmologist
Institution NASA
Alma mater Swarthmore College
University of California, Berkeley
Known for Cosmic microwave background radiation
Notable prizes Nobel Prize in Physics (2006)

John Cromwell Mather (b. 1946 in Roanoke, Virginia), is an American astrophysicist and cosmologist. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 398 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (400 × 602 pixel, file size: 81 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): John C. Mather... August 7 is the 219th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (220th in leap years), with 146 days remaining. ... 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... The Colony of Roanoke was the first English colony in the New World, founded at Roanoke Island. ... Official language(s) English Capital Richmond Largest city Virginia Beach Area  Ranked 35th  - Total 42,793 sq mi (110,862 km²)  - Width 200 miles (320 km)  - Length 430 miles (690 km)  - % water 7. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_States. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_States. ... Spiral Galaxy ESO 269-57 Astrophysics is the branch of astronomy that deals with the physics of the universe, including the physical properties (luminosity, density, temperature, and chemical composition) of celestial objects such as stars, galaxies, and the interstellar medium, as well as their interactions. ... Cosmology, from the Greek: κοσμολογία (cosmologia, κόσμος (cosmos) order + λογια (logia) discourse) is the study of the Universe in its totality, and by extension, humanitys place in it. ... The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an agency of the United States Government, responsible for that nations public space program. ... Swarthmore College is a private, independent, liberal arts college in the United States with an enrollment of about 1,450 students. ... The University of California, Berkeley (also known as UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, and by other names, see below) is the oldest and flagship campus of the ten-campus University of California system. ... In cosmology, the cosmic microwave background radiation (most often abbreviated CMB but occasionally CMBR, CBR or MBR, also referred as relic radiation) is a form of electromagnetic radiation discovered in 1965 that fills the entire universe. ... Image File history File links Nobel. ... Hannes Alfvén (1908–1995) accepting the Nobel Prize for his work on magnetohydrodynamics [1]. List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physics from 1901 to the present day. ... 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... The Colony of Roanoke was the first English colony in the New World, founded at Roanoke Island. ... Official language(s) English Capital Richmond Largest city Virginia Beach Area  Ranked 35th  - Total 42,793 sq mi (110,862 km²)  - Width 200 miles (320 km)  - Length 430 miles (690 km)  - % water 7. ... Spiral Galaxy ESO 269-57 Astrophysics is the branch of astronomy that deals with the physics of the universe, including the physical properties (luminosity, density, temperature, and chemical composition) of celestial objects such as stars, galaxies, and the interstellar medium, as well as their interactions. ... Cosmology, from the Greek: κοσμολογία (cosmologia, κόσμος (cosmos) order + λογια (logia) discourse) is the study of the Universe in its totality, and by extension, humanitys place in it. ...


Mather is a senior astrophysicist at the U.S. space agency's (NASA) Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland and adjunct professor of physics at the University of Maryland, College Park. He was awarded the 2006 Nobel Prize in Physics, shared with George F. Smoot for "their discovery of the black body form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation". This work helped cement the big-bang theory of the universe using the COBE (Cosmic Background Explorer) satellite. According to the Nobel Prize committee, "the COBE-project can also be regarded as the starting point for cosmology as a precision science". [1] The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an agency of the United States Government, responsible for that nations public space program. ... Aerial view of Goddard Space Flight Center. ... Official language(s) None (English, de facto) Capital Annapolis Largest city Baltimore Area  Ranked 42nd  - Total 12,417 sq mi (32,160 km²)  - Width 90 miles (145 km)  - Length 249 miles (400 km)  - % water 21  - Latitude 37°53N to 39°43N  - Longitude 75°4W to 79°33... The University of Maryland, College Park (also known as UM, UMD, or UMCP) is a public university located in the city of College Park, in Prince Georges County, Maryland, just outside Washington, D.C., in the United States. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Hannes Alfvén (1908–1995) accepting the Nobel Prize for his work on magnetohydrodynamics [1]. List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physics from 1901 to the present day. ... George Smoot celebrating his Nobel Prize on October 3, 2006 at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. ... As the temperature decreases, the peak of the black body radiation curve moves to lower intensities and longer wavelengths. ... Look up anisotropy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... In cosmology, the cosmic microwave background radiation (most often abbreviated CMB but occasionally CMBR, CBR or MBR, also referred as relic radiation) is a form of electromagnetic radiation discovered in 1965 that fills the entire universe. ... According to the Big Bang theory, the universe emerged from an extremely dense and hot state (singularity). ... The Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE), also referred to as Explorer 66, was the first satellite built dedicated to cosmology. ... Cosmology, from the Greek: κοσμολογία (cosmologia, κόσμος (cosmos) order + λογια (logia) discourse) is the study of the Universe in its totality, and by extension, humanitys place in it. ...

Contents

Biography

Education and initial research

A Bachelor of Science (B.S., B.Sc. ... Swarthmore College is a private, independent, liberal arts college in the United States with an enrollment of about 1,450 students. ... Doctor of Philosophy (Ph. ... The University of California, Berkeley (also known as UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, and by other names, see below) is the oldest and flagship campus of the ten-campus University of California system. ... Columbia University is a private research university in the United States. ...

Participation in COBE

Map of the CMB fluctuations found by COBE.
Map of the CMB fluctuations found by COBE.

As an NRC postdoctoral fellow at the Goddard Institute for Space Studies at Columbia University, he led the proposal efforts on COBE (1974-1976). The success of COBE was the outcome of prodigious team work involving more than 1,000 researchers, engineers and other participants. John Mather coordinated the entire process and also had primary responsibility for the experiment that revealed the blackbody form of the microwave background radiation measured by COBE. George Smoot had main responsibility for measuring the small variations in the temperature of the radiation[2]. Download high resolution version (1024x512, 380 KB)Cosmic microwave background temperature data were extracted from the released FITS files and then combined into two linear combinations. ... Download high resolution version (1024x512, 380 KB)Cosmic microwave background temperature data were extracted from the released FITS files and then combined into two linear combinations. ... The Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE), also referred to as Explorer 66, was the first satellite built dedicated to cosmology. ... George Fitzgerald Smoot III (born February 20, 1945) is an American astrophysicist and cosmologist awarded the 2006 Nobel Prize in Physics with John C. Mather for their discovery of the black body form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation. This work helped cement the big-bang theory of...


He chronicled his team's work in a book for the general public. The book, The Very First Light: The True Inside Story of the Scientific Journey Back to the Dawn of the Universe [3] was co-written with John Boslough, and published in 1996.


Recent projects

Awards

Swarthmore College is a private, independent, liberal arts college in the United States with an enrollment of about 1,450 students. ... The William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition, often abbreviated to Putnam Competition, is an annual mathematics competition for undergraduate college students, awarding scholarships and cash prizes ranging from $250 to $2,500 for the top students and $5,000 to $25,000 for the top schools. ... The Fannie and John Hertz Foundation is an American non-profit organization that awards fellowships to Ph. ... NRC is a TLA that can refer to: Merchants Despatch Transportation Corporation (AAR reporting mark NRC) National Recycling Coalition (U.S.) National Research Council (U.S.) National Research Council of Canada New Roc City Nigerian Railway Corporation Nokia Research Center Norwegian Refugee Council National Rugby Competition NATO Russia Council Noise... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Categories: Stub | Science & technology magazines ... Discover Magazine is a science magazine that publishes articles about science. ... Dannie N. Heineman (born November 23, 1872 - died 31 January 1962) was a Belgian-American engineer and businessman. ... The Institute of Physics (IOP) is the United Kingdoms professional body for physicists. ... Goddard may mean: Goddard, Alaska Goddard, Kansas Goddard, Maryland Goddard is the name of: Andrew Goddard (born 1983), a Force of Nature. ... This article is becoming very long. ... The House of the Academy, Cambridge, Massachusetts. ... The American Physical Society was founded in 1899 and is the worlds second largest organization of physicists. ... Categories: Stub | Science & technology magazines ... President Harding and the National Academy of Sciences at the White House, Washington, DC, April 1921 The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) is a corporation in the United States whose members serve pro bono as advisers to the nation on science, engineering, and medicine. ... Marc Aaronson (August 24, 1950 – April 30, 1987) was an American astronomer. ... The House of the Academy, Cambridge, Massachusetts. ... Benjamin Franklin (January 17 [O.S. January 6] 1706 – April 17, 1790) was one of the most well known Founding Fathers of the United States. ... Budd BB-1 in front of museum The Franklin Institute is the memorial to Benjamin Franklin, that serves to perpetuate his legacy; the museum contains many of Franklins personal effects. ... SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering (or SPIE) is a not-for-profit society that has become the largest international force for the exchange, collection and dissemination of knowledge in optics, photonics, and imaging engineering. ... Peter Gruber is the CEO of Mandalay Pictures ... The Nobel Prizes (Swedish: ) are awards in physics, chemistry, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. ...

External links

Aerial view of Goddard Space Flight Center. ...

References

  1. ^ Information for the public (PDF). The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (2006-10-03). Retrieved on 2006-10-05.
  2. ^ Press release: Pictures of a newborn Universe
  3. ^ The Very First Light: The True Inside Story of the Scientific Journey Back to the Dawn of the Universe, by John C. Mather and John Boslough, Basic Books edition (November 1998) ISBN 0-465-01576-X

See also

Persondata
NAME Mather, John
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Mather, John Cromwell (full name)
SHORT DESCRIPTION American astrophysicist and cosmologist
DATE OF BIRTH 1946
PLACE OF BIRTH Roanoke, Virginia, United States
DATE OF DEATH
PLACE OF DEATH

  Results from FactBites:
 
Nobel Prize For Americans In Physics, John C. Mather, George F. Smooth Win Nobel For Work On How The Universe Was ... (1202 words)
Americans John C. Mather and George F. Smoot won the 2006 Nobel Prize in physics on Tuesday for work that helped cement the big-bang theory of how the universe was created and deepen understanding of the origin of galaxies and stars.
Mather said he and Smoot did not realize how important their work was at the time of their discovery.
By confirming the predictions of the big-bang theory, which states that the universe was born of a dense and incredibly hot state billions of years ago, with direct quantitative evidence, the scientists transformed the study of the early universe from a largely theoretical pursuit into a new era of direct observation and measurement.
OBITUARY SKETCH OF JOHN P. C. MATHER (1127 words)
There his son John was born on September 23d, 1816, in the homestead that continued to be his home through all his long life.
Mather, with others of the democratic nominees, was elected by the popular vote.
This enumeration of the various offices filled by Judge Mather during his extended career, may well serve to indicate the extent and variety of his qualifications for rendering useful service to his fellow citizens in public stations of trust and responsibility.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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