John D. Rockefeller Jr.

John Davison Rockefeller Jr. (January 29, 1874 – May 11, 1960) was a major philanthropist and a pivotal member of the prominent Rockefeller family. He was the sole son and scion of the billionaire Standard Oil industrialist, John D. Rockefeller and the father of the five famous Rockefeller brothers. In biographies, he was invariably referred to as "Junior" to distinguish him from his more celebrated father, known as "Senior". Picture of John D. Rockefeller Jr. ... Picture of John D. Rockefeller Jr. ... January 29 is the 29th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1874 (MDCCCLXXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link with display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... May 11 is the 131st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (132nd in leap years). ... 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1960 calendar). ... A philanthropist is someone who engages in philanthropy; that is, someone who donates his or her time, money, or reputation to a charitable cause. ... The Rockefeller family, founded by John Davison Rockefeller (1839-1937) (Senior) and his brother William Rockefeller (1841-1922), is an American industrial, banking, and philanthropic family of French-German-American origin that made the worlds largest private fortune in the oil business during the late 19th century, primarily through... Standard Oil (1870–1911) was a large, integrated, oil producing, transporting, refining, and marketing company. ... John Davison Rockefeller, Sr. ...

Early life

Rockefeller, Jr. was the fifth and last child of John D. Rockefeller (1839–1937) and his wife, Laura Celestia Spelman (1839–1915). Living in his father's mansion at 4 West 54th Street, he attended The Browning School from 1889 to 1893, a tutorial establishment set up for him and other children of associates of the family; it was located in a brownstone owned by the Rockefellers, on West 55th Street. Laura Spelman Rockefeller, (known as Cettie) (1839-1915) was a philanthropist, namesake of Spelman College and wife to John D. Rockefeller. ... The Browning School was founded as a college preparatory school for boys in 1888 by John A. Browning. ...

Initially he had intended to go to Yale but was encouraged by William Rainey Harper, president of the University of Chicago, among others, to enter the Baptist oriented Brown University instead. Nicknamed Johnny Rock by his roommates, he joined both the Glee and the Mandolin Clubs, taught a Bible class and was elected junior class president. Scrupulously careful with money, he stood out as different from other rich men's sons.^[1] YALE (Yet Another Learning Environment) is an environment for machine learning experiments and data mining. ... William Rainey Harper ( 1856- 1906) Noted academic; organizer and first President of the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. ... The University of Chicago is a private university located principally in the Hyde Park neighborhood of Chicago. ... Brown University is a private university located in Providence, Rhode Island. ...

In 1897 he graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, after taking nearly a dozen courses in the social sciences, including a study of Karl Marx's Capital. He joined the Alpha Delta Phi fraternity, and was elected to Phi Beta Kappa. Karl Heinrich Marx (May 5, 1818, Trier, Germany – March 14, 1883, London) was a German philosopher, political economist, and revolutionary. ... Alpha Delta Phi (ΑΔΦ) is a Greek-letter fraternity in the United States and Canada. ... The Phi Beta Kappa Society is an honor society which considers its mission to be fostering and recognizing excellence in undergraduate liberal arts and sciences. ...

Business career

After graduation, Rockefeller, Jr. joined his father's business (October 1, 1897) and set up operations in the newly-formed family office at Standard Oil's headquarters at 26 Broadway. He became a Standard Oil director; he later also became a director in J. P. Morgan's U.S. Steel company, which had been formed in 1901. After a scandal involving the then head of Standard Oil, John D. Archbold (the successor to Senior), and bribes he had made to two prominent Congressmen, unearthed by the Hearst media empire, Junior resigned from both companies in 1910 in an attempt to "purify" his ongoing philanthropy from commercial and financial interests.^[2] Standard Oil (1870–1911) was a large, integrated, oil producing, transporting, refining, and marketing company. ... John Pierpont Morgan (April 17, 1837 – March 31, 1913) was an American financier, banker, philanthropist, and art collector who dominated corporate finance and industrial consolidation during his time. ... The United States Steel Corporation NYSE: X is an integrated steel producer with major production operations in the United States and Central Europe. ... Several noted people have had the last name Hearst: William Randolph Hearst Patty Hearst William Hearst George Randolph Hearst Jr. ...

Junior's greatest test occurred in April, 1914, when the Ludlow massacre occurred at the coal-mining company, Colorado Fuel and Iron (CFI), after a long period of industrial unrest. Senior owned a majority of stock in the company and Junior sat on the board, as an absentee director. Twenty men, women and children died in the incident and Junior was subsequently called to testify in January, 1915, before the US Commission on Industrial Relations. He was at the time being advised by William Lyon MacKenzie King and the pioneer public relations expert, Ivy Lee. Junior also at this time met with the union organizer, Mother Jones and conceded a mea culpa in his testimony. MacKenzie King was later to say that this testimony was the turning point in Junior's life, restoring the reputation of the family name; it also heralded a new era of industrial relations in the country (see below).^[3] Ludlow massacre monument The Ludlow massacre was the death of about 20 people during an attack by the Colorado National Guard on a tent colony of 1,200 striking coal miners and their families, at Ludlow, Colorado on April 20, 1914. ... The Commission on Industrial Relations (Also known as the Walsh Report)[1] was a commission created by the US Congress on August 23, 1912. ... William Lyon Mackenzie King, OM, PC, LL.B, Ph. ... Ivy Ledbetter Lee (July 16, 1877 – November 9, 1934) is considered by some to be the founder of modern public relations, although the title could also be held by Edward Bernays. ... Mother Jones Mary Harris Jones (August 1, 1837 – November 30, 1930), better known as Mother Jones, was a prominent American labor and community organizer, and Wobbly. ...

During the Great Depression he developed and was the sole financier of a vast 14-building real estate complex in the geographical center of Manhattan, Rockefeller Center, and as a result became one of the largest real estate holders in New York City. He was influential in attracting leading blue chip corporations as tenants in the complex, including GE and its then affiliates RCA, NBC and RKO, as well as Standard Oil of New Jersey (Esso), and Associated Press and Time Inc, as well as branches of the then Chase National Bank, now JP Morgan Chase. The Great Depression was a worldwide economic downturn which started in October of 1929 and lasted through most of the 1930s. ... Lower Plaza at Rockefeller Center. ... Nickname: Big Apple, Gotham, NYC, City That Never Sleeps, The Concrete Jungle, The City So Nice They Named It Twice Location in the state of New York Coordinates: Country United States State New York Boroughs The Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan Queens Staten Island Settled 1676 Government  - Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Area... Ge may refer to: Gê, a group of indigenous Brazilian tribes and their Ge languages Ge (Cyrillic) (Г, г), a letter of the Cyrillic alphabet Ge with upturn (Ґ, Ò‘), a letter of the Ukrainian alphabet Nikolai Ge, a Russian painter GÄ“, an ancient Chinese dagger-axe Ge (genus), a genus of butterflies Also... RCAs logo as seen today on many products. ... NBC (an abbreviation for National Broadcasting Company, its former corporate name) is an American television network headquartered in the GE Building in New York Citys Rockefeller Center. ... RKO could stand for: RKO Pictures The R.K.O. - finishing manoever (and initials) of WWE professional wrestler Randy Orton. ... Exxon Mobil Corporation or ExxonMobil (NYSE: XOM), headquartered in Irving, Texas, is an oil producer and distributor formed on November 30, 1999, by the merger of Exxon and Mobil. ... The Associated Press, or AP, is an American news agency, the worlds largest such organization. ... Time Inc. ... J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. ...

The family office, of which he was in charge, called now formally "Rockefeller Family and Associates" (and informally, Room 5600), shifted from Standard Oil headquarters to the 56th floor of what is now the landmark GE Building, upon its completion in 1933. A business run by and for a single family whose sole function is to centralize the management of a significant family fortune. ... GE Building at Rockefeller Center The GE Building at night Close-up against the night sky At night, from the ground View from Top of the Rock at dusk The GE Building is a slim gothic skyscraper and the focal point at the Rockefeller Center. ...

In 1921, he received about 10% of the shares of the Equitable Trust Company from his father, making him the bank's largest shareholder. Subsequently, in 1930, the Equitable merged with the Chase National Bank, now JP Morgan Chase, and became at that time the largest bank in the world. Although his stockholding was reduced to about 4% following this merger, he was still the largest shareholder in what became known as the "Rockefeller bank". As late as the 1960's his family still retained about 1% of the bank's shares, by which time his son David had become the bank's president.^[4] The Chase Manhattan Bank, now part of JPMorgan Chase, was formed by the merger of the Chase National Bank and the Bank of the Manhattan Company in 1955. ... J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. ... David Rockefeller, Sr. ...

Philanthropy and social causes

John D. Rockefeller Jr. and his wife Abby, at Grand Teton National Park

In a celebrated letter to Nicholas Murray Butler in June, 1932, subsequently printed on the front page of The New York Times, Rockefeller, Jr., a lifelong teetotaler, argued against the continuation of the Eighteenth Amendment on the principal grounds of an increase in disrespect for the law. This letter became the singular event that pushed the nation to repeal Prohibition.^[5] Download high resolution version (1200x782, 138 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (1200x782, 138 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Grand Teton National Park is a United States National Park located in western Wyoming, south of Yellowstone National Park. ... Nicholas Murray Butler (April 2, 1862 - December 7, 1947) was the co-winner with Jane Addams of the 1931 Nobel Peace Prize. ... The New York Times is a newspaper published in New York City by Arthur Ochs Sulzberger Jr. ... Amendment XVIII in the National Archives Prohibition agents destroying barrels of alcohol. ...

However, Rockefeller, Jr. is most remembered for his philanthropy, giving over $537 million to myriad causes over his lifetime.^[6] He created the Sealantic Fund in 1938 to channel gifts to his favorite causes; previously his main philanthropic organization had been the Davison Fund. He had become the Rockefeller Foundation's inaugural president in May, 1913 and proceeded to dramatically expand the scope of this institution, founded by his father. Later he would become involved in other organizations set up by Senior, the Rockefeller University and the International Education Board. Philanthropy is the act of donating money, goods, time, or effort to support a charitable cause, usually over an extended period of time and in regard to a defined objective. ... The Rockefeller Foundation is a charitable organization based in New York City. ... Founders Hall Rockefeller University is a private university focusing primarily on graduate and postgraduate education research in the biomedical fields, located between 63rd and 68th Streets along York Avenue, on the Upper East Side of Manhattan island in New York City, New York. ...

In the social sciences, he founded the Laura Spelman Rockefeller Memorial in 1918, which was subsequently folded into the Rockefeller Foundation in 1929.^[7] A committed internationalist, he financially supported programs of the League of Nations and crucially funded the formation and ongoing expenses of the Council on Foreign Relations and its initial headquarters building, in New York in 1921.^[8] The League of Nations was an international organization founded as a result of the Paris Peace Conference, 1919. ... The Council on Foreign Relations The Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) is an American foreign policy think tank based in New York City. ...

In 1900, after he had earlier (1896) persuaded his father to support nascent cancer research, Rockefeller money built a medical laboratory on the campus of Cornell Medical Center. This subsequently became Memorial Hospital, which decades later became the world renowned Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. The Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) in New York City is a cancer treatment and research institution founded in 1884 as the New York Cancer Hospital. ...

He established the Bureau of Social Hygiene in 1913, a major initiative that investigated such social issues as prostitution and venereal disease, as well as studies in police administration and support for birth control clinics and research. In 1924, at the instigation of his wife, he provided crucial funding for Margaret Sanger in her pioneering work on birth control and involvement in population issues.^[9] Margaret Higgins Sanger (September 14, 1879 – September 6, 1966) was an American birth control activist, an advocate of certain aspects of eugenics, and the founder of the American Birth Control League (which eventually became Planned Parenthood). ...

In the arts, he gave extensive property he owned on West Firty-fourth Street for the site of the Museum of Modern Art, which had been co-founded by his wife in 1929. He also founded the Museum of Primitive Art, now part of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City. View across garden, in new MoMA building by Yoshio Taniguchi. ... Metropolitan Museum of Art New York Elevation The Metropolitan Museum of Art, often referred to simply as The Met, is one of the worlds largest and most important art museums. ...

In November, 1926, Rockefeller came to the College of William and Mary for the dedication of an auditorium built in memory of the organizers of Phi Beta Kappa, the honorary scholastic fraternity founded in Williamsburg in 1776. Rockefeller was a member of the society and had helped pay for the auditorium. He had visited Williamsburg the previous March, when the Reverend Dr. W.A.R. Goodwin escorted him — along with his wife Abby, and their sons, David, Laurance, and Winthrop — on a quick tour of the city. The upshot of his visit was that he approved the plans already developed by Goodwin and launched the massive historical restoration of Colonial Williamsburg on November 22, 1927. Amongst many other buildings restored through his largesse was the College of William And Mary's Wren Building.^[10] The College of William and Mary (also known as William & Mary, W&M or The College) is a small, selective, coeducational public university located in Williamsburg, Virginia, United States. ... The Phi Beta Kappa Society is an honor society which considers its mission to be fostering and recognizing excellence in undergraduate liberal arts and sciences. ... Reverend Dr. W. A. R. Goodwin (1869-1939), was the rector of Bruton Parish Church who began the 20th century effort which resulted in the preservation and restoration of Colonial Williamsburg in Virginia The Reverend Dr. William Archer Rutherfoord Goodwin (1869-1939) (or W.A.R. Goodwin as he preferred... View of Duke of Gloucester Street Colonial Williamsburg is the historic district of the independent city of Williamsburg, Virginia. ...

Through negotiations by his son Nelson, in 1946 he bought for $8.5 million - from the major New York real estate developer William Zeckendorf - and then donated the land along the East River in Manhattan upon which the United Nations headquarters was built. This was after he had vetoed the family estate at Pocantico as a prospective site for the headquarters (see Kykuit).^[11] Another UN connection was his early financial support for its predecessor, the League of Nations; this included a gift to endow a major library for the League in Geneva which today still remains a resource for the UN.^[12] Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller (July 8, 1908 – January 26, 1979) was an American Vice President, governor of New York State, philanthropist and businessman. ... William Zeckendorf, Sr. ... United Nations headquarters in New York City, viewed from the East River. ... Kykuit was built for John D. Rockefeller in 1913 by the architects Chester Holmes Aldrich and William Adams Delano. ... The League of Nations was an international organization founded as a result of the Paris Peace Conference, 1919. ...

A confirmed ecumenicist, over the years he gave substantial sums to Protestant and Baptist institutions, ranging from the Interchurch World Movement, the Federal Council of Churches, the Union Theological Seminary, the Cathedral of St. John the Divine, New York's Riverside Church and the World Council of Churches. He was also instrumental in the development of the research that led to Robert and Helen Lynd's famous Middletown Studies work that was conducted in the city of Muncie, Indiana, that arose out of the financially supported Institute of Social and Religious Research. Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... Baptist is a term describing a tradition within Christianity and may also refer to individuals belonging to a Baptist church or a Baptist denomination. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... The World Council of Churches (WCC) is an international Christian ecumenical organization. ... Muncie (IPA: ) is a city in Delaware County in east central Indiana, best known as the home of Ball State University and the birthplace of the Ball Corporation. ...

As a follow on to his involvement in the Ludlow Massacre, Rockefeller was a major initiator with his close friend and advisor William Lyon Mackenzie King in the nascent industrial relations movement; along with major chief executives of the time he incorporated Industrial Relations Counselors (IRC) in 1926, a consulting firm whose main goal was to establish industrial relations as a recognized academic discipline at Princeton University and other institutions. It succeeded through the support of prominent corporate chieftains of the time, such as Owen D. Young and Gerard Swope of General Electric.^[13] Ludlow massacre monument The Ludlow massacre was the death of about 20 people during an attack by the Colorado National Guard on a tent colony of 1,200 striking coal miners and their families, at Ludlow, Colorado on April 20, 1914. ... William Lyon Mackenzie King, OM, PC, LL.B, Ph. ... Princeton University is a coeducational private university located in Princeton, New Jersey, in the United States of America. ... Gerard Swope (1872 - 1957) was a U.S. electronics businessman. ... GE redirects here. ...

Overseas philanthropy

In the 1920s he also donated a substantial amount towards the restoration and rehabilitation of major buildings in France after World War I, such as the Rheims Cathedral, the Château de Fontainebleau and the Palace of Versailles, for which in 1936 he was awarded France's highest decoration, the Grand Croix of the Légion d'honneur (subsequently also awarded decades later - in 2000 - to his son, David Rockefeller). Combatants Allied Powers: Russian Empire France British Empire Italy United States Central Powers: Austria-Hungary German Empire Ottoman Empire Bulgaria Commanders Nikolay II Aleksey Brusilov Georges Clemenceau Joseph Joffre Ferdinand Foch Robert Nivelle Herbert H. Asquith D. Lloyd George Sir Douglas Haig Sir John Jellicoe Victor Emmanuel III Luigi Cadorna... Façade of the Notre-Dame de Reims The Notre-Dame de Reims (Our Lady of Rheims) is the Cathedral of Reims, where the kings of France were once crowned. ... The central range of Fontainebleau: patterned parterres have been replaced with lawn. ... Hall of Mirrors redirects here. ... Chiang Kai-sheks Légion dhonneur. ... David Rockefeller, Sr. ...

He also liberally funded the notable early excavations at Luxor in Egypt, and the American School of Classical Studies for excavation of the Agora and the reconstruction of the Stoa of Attolos, both in Athens; the American Academy in Rome; Lingnan University in China; St. Luke's International Hospital in Tokyo; the library of the Imperial University in Tokyo; and to the Shakespeare Memorial Endowment at Stratford-on-Avon. The River Nile at Luxor Pharaonic statue in Luxor Temple Hot-air ballooning in Luxor Luxor (Arabic: الأقصر ) is a city in Upper (southern) Egypt and the capital of the Al Uqsur governorate, population approximately 200,000. ... An agora (αγορά), translatable as marketplace, was an essential part of an ancient Greek polis or city-state. ... Lingnan University can refer to two separate establishments: Lingnan University (Hong Kong) - a university in Hong Kong Lingnan University (Guangzhou) - a university in Guangzhou province in China This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... The title Imperial university should literally denote a university established under an empire, however many universities have adopted the title simply to add a sense of prestige or lineage. ... Stratford-upon-Avon Stratford-upon-Avon is a town in Warwickshire, England. ...

In addition, he provided the funding for the construction of the Palestine Archaeological Museum in East Jerusalem - the Rockefeller Museum - which today houses such notable antiquities as the Dead Sea Scrolls.^[14] East Jerusalem is that part of Jerusalem which was held by Jordan from the 1948 Arab-Israeli War until the Six-Day War in 1967. ... The Rockefeller Museum located in Eastern Jerusalem, houses a vast collection of regional archeology unearthed in excavations conducted in the country mainly during the time of the British Mandate (1919-1948). ... Fragments of the scrolls on display at the Archeological Museum, Amman The Dead Sea scrolls comprise roughly 825-872 documents, including texts from the Hebrew Bible, discovered between 1947 and 1956 in eleven caves in and around the Wadi Qumran (near the ruins of the ancient settlement of Khirbet Qumran...

Conservation

He had a special interest in conservation, and purchased and donated land for many American National Parks, including Grand Teton (hiding his involvement and intentions behind the Snake River Land Company), Acadia, Great Smoky Mountains, Yosemite, and Shenandoah. In the case of Acadia National Park, he financed and engineered an extensive carriage trail network throughout the park. Both the John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Memorial Parkway that connects Yellowstone National Park to the Grand Teton National Park and the Rockefeller Memorial in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park were named after him. He was also active in the movement to save redwood trees, making a significant contribution to Save-the-Redwoods League in the 1920s to enable the purchase of what would become the Rockefeller Forest in Humboldt Redwoods State Park. All United States parks designated National Parks and most National Monuments are maintained by the United States National Park Service which also maintains several other types of protected areas of the United States: National Parks (See also List of U.S. national parks by state, List of U.S. national... Grand Teton National Park is a United States National Park located in western Wyoming, south of Yellowstone National Park. ... The Snake River Land Company was a land purchasing company established in 1927 by philanthropist John D. Rockefeller, Jr. ... Acadia National Park preserves much of Mount Desert Island, and associated smaller islands, off the Atlantic coast of Maine. ... Cades Cove panorama The Great Smoky Mountains National Park is a United States National Park that straddles the ridgeline of the Great Smoky Mountains, part of the Blue Ridge Mountains which are a division of the larger Appalachian Mountain chain. ... Yosemite National Park (pronounced Yo-SEM-it-ee, IPA ) is a national park largely in Mariposa County, and Tuolumne County, California, United States. ... Shenandoah National Park encompasses part of the Blue Ridge Mountains in the Piedmont region of Virginia. ... John D. Rockefeller, Jr. ... Yellowstone National Park is a U.S. National Park located in the western states of Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho. ... Grand Teton National Park is a United States National Park located in western Wyoming, south of Yellowstone National Park. ... Binomial name Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. ... Save-the-Redwoods logo The Save-the-Redwoods League is an organization dedicated to the protection of the remaining Coast Redwood trees in the U.S. state of California. ... Humboldt Redwoods State Park in Humboldt County, northern California, 30 miles (50 km) south of Eureka, California. ...

In 1951, he established Sleepy Hollow Restorations, which brought together under one administrative body the management and operation of two historic sites he had acquired: Philipse Castlein in North Tarrytown (acquired in 1940 and donated to the Tarrytown Historical Society), and Sunnyside, Washington Irving’s home, acquired in 1945. He bought Van Cortlandt Manor in Croton-on-Hudson in 1953 and in 1959 donated it to Sleepy Hollow Restorations. In all, he invested more than $12 million in the acquisition and restoration of the three properties that were the core of the organization’s holdings. In 1986, Sleepy Hollow Restorations became Historic Hudson Valley, which also operates the current guided tours of the Rockefeller family estate of Kykuit. Tarrytown is the name of some real places in the United States of America: Tarrytown, New York Tarrytown, Georgia Sleepy Hollow, New York was formerly known as North Tarrytown. ... Washington Irving (April 3, 1783–November 28, 1859) was an American author of the early 19th century. ... Kykuit was built for John D. Rockefeller in 1913 by the architects Chester Holmes Aldrich and William Adams Delano. ...

He is the author of the noted life principle, among others, inscribed on a tablet facing his famed Rockefeller Center: "I believe that every right implies a responsibility; every opportunity, an obligation; every possession, a duty".^[15] Lower Plaza at Rockefeller Center. ...

In 1935, Rockefeller received The Hundred Year Association of New York's Gold Medal Award, "in recognition of outstanding contributions to the City of New York." The logo of The Hundred Year Association of New York The Hundred Year Association of New York was founded in 1927 to recognize and reward dedication and service to the City of New York by businesses and organizations that have been in operation in the City for a century or...

Wives, children and legacy

In August, 1900, Rockefeller was invited by Senator Nelson W. Aldrich to join his party aboard President McKinley's yacht, the Dolphin, on a cruise with political intent, to Cuba; included in the large party was his future wife, whom he had been courting for over four years. Nelson Wilmarth Aldrich (November 6, 1841 - April 16, 1915) was an American politician. ... The name Mckinley redirects here. ...

On October 9, 1901, in the major social event of its time - which was one of the most lavish weddings of the Gilded Age, held at his future father-in-law's summer mansion at Warwick Neck, Rhode Island, and attended by Standard Oil and other great industrial executives of the age - Junior married Abby Greene Aldrich, daughter of the powerful U.S. Senator Aldrich of Rhode Island, in what was seen at the time as the consummate marriage of capitalism and politics.^[16] October 9 is the 282nd day of the year (283rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1901 (MCMI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... The Breakers, a gilded-age mansion in Newport, Rhode Island. ... Official language(s) English Capital Providence Largest city Providence Area  Ranked 50th  - Total 1,214* sq mi (3,144* km²)  - Width 37 miles (60 km)  - Length 48 miles (77 km)  - % water 32. ... Standard Oil (1870–1911) was a large, integrated, oil producing, transporting, refining, and marketing company. ... Abby Aldrich Rockefeller was born Abby Greene Aldrich on October 26, 1874 in Providence, Rhode Island. ... Official language(s) English Capital Providence Largest city Providence Area  Ranked 50th  - Total 1,214* sq mi (3,144* km²)  - Width 37 miles (60 km)  - Length 48 miles (77 km)  - % water 32. ...

The couple had six children, a daughter and the five famous Rockefeller brothers:

• Abby Rockefeller Mauzé (November 9, 1903 - May 27, 1976)
• John D. Rockefeller 3rd (March 21, 1906 - July 10, 1978)
• Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller (July 8, 1908 - January 26, 1979)
• Laurance Spelman Rockefeller (May 26, 1910 - July 11, 2004)
• Winthrop Rockefeller (May 1, 1912 - February 22, 1973)
• David Rockefeller (born June 15, 1915)

Abby Rockeller died of a heart attack at the family apartment at 740 Park Avenue in April, 1948. In 1951, Junior remarried, to Martha Baird Allen, the widow of his old college classmate, Arthur Allen. He died on May 11, 1960 and was interred in the family cemetery in Tarrytown, with 40 family members present. Abby Rockefeller Mauzé (November 9, 1903 - May 27, 1976) was the first child and only daughter of John D. Rockefeller Jr. ... November 9 is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 52 days remaining. ... 1900 (MCMIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Friday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ... May 27 is the 147th day (148th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 218 days remaining. ... 1976 (MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... John Davison Rockefeller 3rd (March 21, 1906 – July 10, 1978) was a major philanthropist and third-generation member of the prominent Rockefeller family. ... March 21 is the 80th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (81st in leap years). ... 1906 (MCMVI) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... July 10 is the 191st day (192nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 174 days remaining. ... 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller (July 8, 1908 – January 26, 1979) was an American Vice President, governor of New York State, philanthropist and businessman. ... July 8 is the 189th day of the year (190th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 176 days remaining. ... 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... January 26 is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the song by The Smashing Pumpkins, see 1979 (song). ... Laurance Spelman Rockefeller (May 26, 1910 - July 11, 2004) was a financier, philanthropist, and conservationist. ... May 26 is the 146th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (147th in leap years). ... 1910 (MCMX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ... July 11 is the 192nd day (193rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 173 days remaining. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Winthrop Rockefeller (1 May 1912 – 22 February 1973), a member of the prominent United States Rockefeller family, was a politician and philanthropist who served as the first Republican governor of Arkansas since Reconstruction. ... May 1 is the 121st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (122nd in leap years). ... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... February 22 is the 53rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ... David Rockefeller, Sr. ... June 15 is the 166th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (167th in leap years), with 199 days remaining. ... 1915 (MCMXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar). ... May 11 is the 131st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (132nd in leap years). ... 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1960 calendar). ... Tarrytown is the name of some real places in the United States of America: Tarrytown, New York Tarrytown, Georgia Sleepy Hollow, New York was formerly known as North Tarrytown. ...

His Rockefeller sons established an unparalleled network of social connections and institutional power over time through the foundations that Junior, and before him Senior, had laid down. David became an internationally renowned banker, philanthropist and world statesman. John 3rd became a major philanthropist and internationalist. Laurance became a significant venture capitalist and major conservationist. Nelson and Winthrop Rockefeller later became state governors; Nelson went on to become Vice President of the United States under Gerald Ford. For other uses, see Governor (disambiguation). ... Federal courts Supreme Court Chief Justice Associate Justices Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures State Courts Counties, Cities, and Towns Other countries Politics Portal      The Vice President of the United States is the first in the presidential line of succession... Gerald Rudolph Ford, Jr. ...

Residences

Junior's principal residence in New York was the 9-story mansion at 10 West Fifty-fourth Street, but he owned a group of properties in this vicinity, including Nos 4, 12, 14 and 16 (some of these properties had been previously acquired by his father, John D. Rockefeller). After vacating Number 10 in 1936, these properties were razed and subsequently all the land was gifted to his wife's Museum of Modern Art. In that year he moved into a luxurious 40-room triplex apartment at 740 Park Avenue. In 1953, the real estate developer William Zeckendorf bought the 740 Park Avenue apartment complex and then sold it to Rockefeller, who quickly turned the building into a cooperative, selling it on to his rich neighbors in the building. John Davison Rockefeller, Sr. ... View across garden, in new MoMA building by Yoshio Taniguchi. ... William Zeckendorf, Sr. ...

Years later, just after his son Nelson, as Governor of New York State, helped foil a bid by greenmailer Saul Steinberg to take over Chemical Bank, Steinberg bought Junior's apartment for $225,000, $25,000 less than it had cost new in 1929. It has since been called the greatest trophy apartment in New York, in the world's richest apartment building.^[17] Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller (July 8, 1908 – January 26, 1979) was an American Vice President, governor of New York State, philanthropist and businessman. ... Saul Steinberg (June 15, 1914 - May 12, 1999) was a cartoonist and illustrator, best known for his work for The New Yorker magazine. ...

Further reading

• Chernow, Ron. Titan: The Life of John D. Rockefeller, Sr. New York: Warner Books, 1998.
• Fosdick, Raymond B. John D. Rockefeller, Jr., A Portrait, New York: Harper & Brothers, 1956.
• Gitelman, H. Legacy of the Ludlow Massacre: A Chapter in American Industrial Relations. University of Pennsylvania Press: Philadelphia, 1988.
• Gonzales, Donald J., (Chronicled). The Rockefellers at Williamsburg: Backstage with the Founders, Restorers and World-Renowned Guests. McLean, Virginia: EPM Publications, Inc., 1991.
• Gross, Michael. 740 Park: The Story of the World's Richest Apartment Building, New York: Broadway Books, 2005.
• Harr, John Ensor, and Peter J. Johnson. The Rockefeller Century: Three Generations of America's Greatest Family, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1988.
• Harr, John Ensor, and Peter J. Johnson. The Rockefeller Conscience: An American Family in Public and in Private, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1991.
• Kert, Bernice. Abby Aldrich Rockefeller: The Woman in the Family. New York: Random House, 1993.
• Okrent, Daniel. Great Fortune: The Epic of Rockefeller Center, New York: Viking Press, 2003.
• Roberts, Ann Rockefeller. Mr. Rockefeller's Roads: The Untold Story of Acadia's Carriage Roads and Their Creator. Camden, Maine: Down East Books, 1990.
• Rockefeller, David. Memoirs, New York: Random House, 2002.
• Schenkel, Albert F. The Rich Man and the Kingdom: John D. Rockefeller, Jr., and the Protestant Establishment, Harvard Theological Studies, Minneapolis, Minnesota: Fortress Press, 1995.

See also

• Rockefeller family
• Philanthropy
• Rockefeller Foundation
• Rockefeller Brothers Fund
• Rockefeller Center
• Kykuit
• John D. Rockefeller
• John D. Rockefeller 3rd
• John D. Rockefeller IV
• David Rockefeller
• Nelson Rockefeller
• Laurance Rockefeller
• Winthrop Rockefeller
• Chase Manhattan Bank
• Colonial Williamsburg
• Museum of Modern Art
• Riverside Church
• International House of New York
• League of Nations
• United Nations
• William Lyon Mackenzie King
• Ivy Lee
• Frederick Law Olmsted
• Council on Foreign Relations
• Institute for Pacific Relations
• Forest Hill, Cleveland, Ohio
• Commission on Industrial Relations The chairman grilled John D. Rockefeller, Jr. for three days about the 1914 Ludlow massacre.

The Rockefeller family, founded by John Davison Rockefeller (1839-1937) (Senior) and his brother William Rockefeller (1841-1922), is an American industrial, banking, and philanthropic family of French-German-American origin that made the worlds largest private fortune in the oil business during the late 19th century, primarily through... Philanthropy is the act of donating money, goods, time, or effort to support a charitable cause, usually over an extended period of time and in regard to a defined objective. ... The Rockefeller Foundation is a charitable organization based in New York City. ... The Rockefeller Brothers Fund (RBF), (Philanthropy for an Interdependent World), is the principal philanthropic organisation created and run by members of the Rockefeller family. ... Lower Plaza at Rockefeller Center. ... Kykuit was built for John D. Rockefeller in 1913 by the architects Chester Holmes Aldrich and William Adams Delano. ... John Davison Rockefeller, Sr. ... John Davison Rockefeller 3rd (March 21, 1906 – July 10, 1978) was a major philanthropist and third-generation member of the prominent Rockefeller family. ... John Davison Rockefeller IV (born June 18, 1937) is a member of the prominent United States Rockefeller family who has served as a Democratic U.S. Senator from West Virginia since 1985. ... David Rockefeller, Sr. ... Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller (July 8, 1908 – January 26, 1979) was an American Vice President, governor of New York State, philanthropist and businessman. ... Laurance Spelman Rockefeller (May 26, 1910 - July 11, 2004) was a financier, philanthropist, and conservationist. ... Winthrop Rockefeller (1 May 1912 – 22 February 1973), a member of the prominent United States Rockefeller family, was a politician and philanthropist who served as the first Republican governor of Arkansas since Reconstruction. ... The Chase Manhattan Bank, now part of JPMorgan Chase, was formed by the merger of the Chase National Bank and the Bank of the Manhattan Company in 1955. ... View of Duke of Gloucester Street Colonial Williamsburg is the historic district of the independent city of Williamsburg, Virginia. ... View across garden, in new MoMA building by Yoshio Taniguchi. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... The League of Nations was an international organization founded as a result of the Paris Peace Conference, 1919. ... The foundation of the U.N. The United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress and human rights issues. ... William Lyon Mackenzie King, OM, PC, LL.B, Ph. ... Ivy Ledbetter Lee (July 16, 1877 – November 9, 1934) is considered by some to be the founder of modern public relations, although the title could also be held by Edward Bernays. ... Frederick Law Olmsted, oil painting by John Singer Sargent, 1895, Biltmore Estate, Asheville, North Carolina Daniel France (September, 1988 was a United States landscape architect, famous for designing many well-known urban parks, including Central Park and Prospect Park in New York City, the countrys oldest coordinated system of... The Council on Foreign Relations The Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) is an American foreign policy think tank based in New York City. ... The Institute of Pacific Relations (IPR) was established in 1925 to provide a forum for discussion of Asian problems and relations between Asia and the West. ... Cleveland redirects here. ... The Commission on Industrial Relations (Also known as the Walsh Report)[1] was a commission created by the US Congress on August 23, 1912. ... Ludlow massacre monument The Ludlow massacre was the death of about 20 people during an attack by the Colorado National Guard on a tent colony of 1,200 striking coal miners and their families, at Ludlow, Colorado on April 20, 1914. ...

Notes

External links

• Rockefeller Archive Center: Extended Biography
• Abby Aldrich Rockefeller: Patron of the modern
• The Architect of Colonial Williamsburg: William Graves Perry, by Will Molineux An article from the Colonial Williamsburg Journal, 2004, outlining Rockefeller's involvement.