John Hunter, Naval pioneer and colonial governor

Captain John Hunter (1737– to 1821) was a British naval officer and colonial administrator who succeeded Arthur Phillip as the second governor of New South Wales, Australia from 1795 to 1800. John Hunter - Project Gutenberg eText 12992 - http://www. ... John Hunter - Project Gutenberg eText 12992 - http://www. ... The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the senior service of the British armed services being the oldest of its three branches. ... Admiral Arthur Phillip (1786 portrait by Francis Wheatley, National Portrait Gallery, London) Admiral Arthur Phillip, RN (11 October 1738 – 31 August 1814) was a British naval officer and colonial administrator. ... List of Governors of New South Wales See Governors of the Australian states for a description and history of the office of Governor. ...

Hunter was born in Leith, Scotland in 1737. He first arrived in New South Wales with the First Fleet. As with many of the First Fleet officers, he had fought in the American Revolutionary War (1775 to 1783). He was second-in-command on HMS Sirius as second captain. The captain of that ship, Arthur Phillip, was in command of the new colony of New South Wales. Hunter carried a dormant commission as successor to Phillip if he should have died. Former Royal Yacht Britannia is permanently moored at Leith harbour. ... Motto: Nemo me impune lacessit (English: No one provokes me with impunity) Scotlands location within Europe Scotlands location within the United Kingdom Languages English, Gaelic, Scots Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow First Minister Jack McConnell Area - Total - % water Ranked 2nd UK 78,782 km² 1. ... Emblems: Floral - Waratah (Telopea Speciosissima); Bird - Kookaburra (Dacelo Gigas); Animal - Platypus (Ornithorhynchus Anatinus); Fish - Blue Groper (Achoerodus Viridis) Motto: Orta Recens Quam Pura Nites (Newly Risen, How Brightly You Shine) Slogan or Nickname: First State, Premier State Other Australian states and territories Capital Sydney Government Governor Premier Const. ... The First Fleet is the name given to the 11 ships which sailed from the United Kingdom in May 1787 to establish the first European colony in New South Wales. ... Combatants American Revolutionaries, France, Netherlands, Spain, Native Americans Great Britain, German mercenaries, Loyalists, Native Americans Commanders George Washington, Comte de Rochambeau, Nathanael Greene William Howe, Henry Clinton, Charles Cornwallis (more commanders) The American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), also known as the American War of Independence,[1] was a conflict that... HMS Sirius was the flagship of the First Fleet which set out from England in 1787 to establish the first European colony in New South Wales. ... Admiral Arthur Phillip (1786 portrait by Francis Wheatley, National Portrait Gallery, London) Admiral Arthur Phillip, RN (11 October 1738 – 31 August 1814) was a British naval officer and colonial administrator. ...

An expedition to explore the Parramatta River was led by Hunter early in 1788. This expedition explored and made soundings as far as Iron Cove, Five Dock Bay and Hen and Chicken Bay on the Parramatta River. The Sir William Dixson Research Library in Sydney holds the original copy of the chart of the expedition, entitled Chart of the coasts and harbours of Botany-Bay, Port-Jackson and Broken-Bay, as survey'd by Capt.n John Hunter of H.M.S. Sirius. The expedition was significant because it may have marked the first contact to take place between the British and the Indigenous owners of the land, the Wangal Clan, on the 5th of February, 1788. The story of the contact, (which may be appocryphal), says that it took place while Hunter was having breakfast and is remembered in the name of the suburb, Breakfast Point. The Parramatta River, New South Wales, Australia, is the main tributary of Sydney Harbour, along with the smaller Lane Cove and Duck Rivers. ... Iron Cove is a bay on the Parramatta River, in the inner-west of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. ... Hen and Chicken Bay is a bay on the Parramatta River, in the inner-west of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. ... Indigenous Australians are the first inhabitants of the Australian continent and its nearby islands, continuing their presence during European settlement. ... Breakfast Point is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. ...

Hunter returned to England in 1792 after the loss of HMS Sirius. Whilst in England, Hunter saw service in the war with France. With Arthur Phillip's resignation from the governorship of New South Wales in 1793, Hunter was appointed governor and took up his appointment in 1795. Royal motto (French): Dieu et mon droit (Translated: God and my right) Englands location (dark green) within the United Kingdom (light green), with the Republic of Ireland (blue) to its west Languages English Capital London Largest city London Area – Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population – Total (mid... Several ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Sirius. ... Admiral Arthur Phillip (1786 portrait by Francis Wheatley, National Portrait Gallery, London) Admiral Arthur Phillip, RN (11 October 1738 – 31 August 1814) was a British naval officer and colonial administrator. ... Emblems: Floral - Waratah (Telopea Speciosissima); Bird - Kookaburra (Dacelo Gigas); Animal - Platypus (Ornithorhynchus Anatinus); Fish - Blue Groper (Achoerodus Viridis) Motto: Orta Recens Quam Pura Nites (Newly Risen, How Brightly You Shine) Slogan or Nickname: First State, Premier State Other Australian states and territories Capital Sydney Government Governor Premier Const. ...

Hunter's years as governor were difficult due to a power struggle between military and civil authorities in New South Wales. During the time between Phillip's departure and Hunter's arrival, the military took control of the colony and its institutions. These difficulties continued for the following governors Philip King and William Bligh and eventually resulted in the Rum Rebellion. Punter is said to have been a compassionate governor. Philip Gidley King Naval pioneer and colonial governor Philip Gidley King (23 April 1758 - 3 September 1808) was an English naval officer and colonial administrator. ... William Bligh in 1814 Vice Admiral of the Blue William Bligh, FRS, RN (9 September 1754 – 7 December 1817) was an officer of the British Royal Navy and colonial administrator. ... A contemporary propaganda cartoon of Blighs arrest produced to show Bligh as being a coward The Rum Rebellion of 1808 was the only successful (if only temporarily so) armed takeover of government in Australias recorded history. ...

Hunter died in England in 1821. Royal motto (French): Dieu et mon droit (Translated: God and my right) Englands location (dark green) within the United Kingdom (light green), with the Republic of Ireland (blue) to its west Languages English Capital London Largest city London Area – Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population – Total (mid...

The Hunter River and Hunter Valley north of Sydney are both named after him, as is the suburb of Hunters Hill in Sydney is also named after him. The Hunter River is a major river in New South Wales, Australia. ... The Hunter Valley is a region of New South Wales, approximately 160 kilometers north of Sydney, Australia with an approximate population of 700,000 people, most of which live in the Newcastle Metro area including Newcastle, Lake Macquarie and Maitland city councils. ... The Sydney Opera House is one of the most iconic landmarks in the world, and since its opening it has become an international symbol of Sydney Sydney (pronounced ) is the state capital of New South Wales, located on the east coast of Australia. ... Hunters Hill is a suburb of Sydney, Australia and also forms the smallest of Sydneys local government areas. ... The Sydney Opera House is one of the most iconic landmarks in the world, and since its opening it has become an international symbol of Sydney Sydney (pronounced ) is the state capital of New South Wales, located on the east coast of Australia. ...

Further reading

• The Life of John Hunter, Navigator, Governor, Admiral", Arthur Hoyle, Mulini Press, Canberra, 2001

Arthur Robert Hoyle (1922 - ) is an Australian historian and biographer. ... Admiral Arthur Phillip (1786 portrait by Francis Wheatley, National Portrait Gallery, London) Admiral Arthur Phillip, RN (11 October 1738 – 31 August 1814) was a British naval officer and colonial administrator. ... List of Governors of New South Wales See Governors of the Australian states for a description and history of the office of Governor. ... Philip Gidley King Naval pioneer and colonial governor Philip Gidley King (23 April 1758 - 3 September 1808) was an English naval officer and colonial administrator. ...

External links

• Portraits of Hunter in the National Portrait Gallery, London.