SEARCH ALL

FACTS & STATISTICS    Advanced view

Encyclopedia > John Hunyadi

Updated 457 days 17 hours 51 minutes ago.

John Hunyadi, as imagined by a 17th century artist John Hunyadi (Medieval Latin: Ioannes Corvinus, German: Johann Hunyadi; Hungarian: Hunyadi János, Romanian: Iancu or Ioan de Hunedoara) (c. 1387–August 11, 1456) was a Voivode of Transylvania (from 1441), captain-general (1444–1446) and regent (1446–1453) of the Kingdom of Hungary, with a distinguished military career. He was the father of Matthias, one of the most renowned kings of Hungary. Download high resolution version (591x1001, 166 KB) This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Download high resolution version (591x1001, 166 KB) This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Voivode (as it is spelled in the Oxford English Dictionary), or less commonly voivod, is a Slavic word that originally denoted the principal commander of a military force. ... Map of Romania with Transylvania in yellow Transylvania (Romanian: or Transilvania; Hungarian: ; German: ; Serbian: / Transilvanija or Ердељ / Erdelj) is a historical region in central and western Romania. ... Regent, from the Latin, a person selected to administer a state because the ruler is a minor or is not present or debilitated. ... The Kingdom of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyar Királyság) is the name of a multiethnic kingdom that existed in Central Europe from 1000 to 1918. ... Matthias Corvinus as depicted in Chronica Hungarorum by Johannes de Thurocz Matthias Corvinus (Matthias the Just) (February 23, 1443 (?) – April 6, 1490) was King of Hungary, ruling between 1458 and 1490. ... Contents 1 Names in other languages 2 Origin 3 Rise 3.1 With Sigismund and in the disputed elections 3.2 First battles of the Balkans 3.3 Battle of Varna 4 Regent of the Kingdom of Hungary 4.1 Brief personal rule 4.2 Belgrade campaign and death 5 Legacy 6 Notes 7 References [edit] Names in other languages Albanian: Janosh Hunjadi Bulgarian: Ян (Янош) Хуниади (Yan Huniadi or Yanosh Huniadi) Croatian: Ianco or (later tradition) Ivan Hunjadi Greek: Ιωάννης Ουνιάδης Serbian: Сибињанин Јанко (Sibinjanin Janko) Slovak: Ján Huňady Turkish:Hunyadi Yanoş To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ... [edit] Origin John Hunyadi - hand-colored woodcut in Johannes de Thurocz`s Chronicle Chronica Hungarorum, Brno, 1488. John was born into a noble family in 1387 (or 1400 according to some sources) as the son of Vojk (alternatively spelled as Voyk or Vajk in English, Voicu in Romanian, Vajk in Hungarian), son of Serb (also spelled as Sorb or Serbe), a Vlach Knyaz from the Banate of Szörény (Severin). A theory issued at the end of the 19th century claims that Serb, John's grandfather, was originally from Serbia,[1] an origin not attested by contemporary sources. Serb had three sons - Vojk, John's father, Magos, and Radol. What is certain is that Vojk took the family name of Hunyadi when he received the estate around the Hunyad Castle from King Sigismund, in 1409, apparently ennobled as count of Hunyad. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (520x766, 103 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): John Hunyadi Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (520x766, 103 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): John Hunyadi Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to... Ján z Turca or Ján/Johannes de Turocz (Hungarian: Thuróczy János; German: Johannes de Thurocz, contemporary spelling: ) (c. ... Coordinates: Country Czech Republic Region South Moravia Founded 1146 Area    - city 230. ... This article deals with some titles of the nobility and royalty in the Kingdom of Hungary. ... Events Henry IV quells baron rebellion and executes The Earls of Kent, Huntingdon and Salisbury for their attempt to have Richard II of England restored as King Jean Froissart writes the Chronicles Medici family becomes powerful in Florence, Italy Births December 25 - John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley, Lord Lieutenant of... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Kniaz’ or knyaz is a word found in some Slavic languages. ... Ban is a title of either Avar or Illyrian origin, the title was used in some states in central and south-eastern Europe between the 7th century and the 20th century. ... Drobeta-Turnu Severin is a city in Mehedinti county, Oltenia, Romania, on the left bank of the Danube, below the Iron Gates. ... Anthem: Capital (and largest city)  Belgrade Official languages Serbian written with the Cyrillic alphabet1 Government Republic  - President Boris Tadić  - Prime Minister Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica Establishment    - Formation 8th century   - Independence c. ... The castle This is Iancu Corvins Castle in Hunedoara. ... Events January 1 - The Welsh surrender Harlech Castle to the English. ... John's mother was Elisabeta Mărgean of Cinciş, the daughter of a Vlach small nobile from Hunyad - Hunedoara. She was was thought to be related to the Morzsinay family.[2] Hunyad (today Hunedoara) was the name of a historic administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. ... County Hunedoara County Status Municipality Mayor Nicolae Schiau, Democratic Party, since 2004 Area 97 km² Population (2002) 79,235 Density 816 inh/km² Geographical coordinates , Web site http://www. ... John married Erzsébet Szilágyi (cca. 1410-1483), a Hungarian noblewoman, also of high-rank (Szilágy being the name of a county, one overlapping with present-day Sălaj). March 29 - The Aragonese capture Oristano, capital of the giudicato di Arborea in Sardinia July 15 – Battle of Grunwald (also known as Tannenberg or Zalgiris). ... Events The São Tomé settlement is founded. ... Szilágy is the name of a historic administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. ... The following lists show the administrative divisions of the lands belonging to the Hungarian crown (1000 _1918) at selected points of time. ... Sălaj (Hungarian: Szilágy) is a county (judeÅ£) in North-Western Romania, in the Transylvania region, with the capital city at Zalău (population: 71,580). ... The epithet Corvinus was first used by the biographer of his son Matthias Corvinus of Hungary, but is sometimes also applied to John. The epithet is also related to a legend: during a trip with his parents, a six- or seven-years old John would have killed with an arch, while his parents were asleep, a rook that stole a pretious medalion that emperor Sigismung has given to his father, with which John was playing. Matthias Corvinus as depicted in Chronica Hungarorum by Johannes de Thurocz Matthias Corvinus (Matthias the Just) (February 23, 1443 (?) – April 6, 1490) was King of Hungary, ruling between 1458 and 1490. ... A legend, thought to be discreetly distributed by John himself, was that he was the son of Sigismund of Luxemburg, whose faithful soldier his father was for two decades. This tale helped him secure more legitimacy for his descendants to the throne of the Kingdom, to which John, despite all his services, could not accede – having neither royal, nor Hungarian origin. Widely respected in Europe, he still gathered rivals throughout his lifetime, and was the object of the Ottoman Empire's hatred. Sigismund, aged approximately 50, depicted by unknown artist in the 1420s - the only contemporary portrait. ... Motto: دولت ابد مدت Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (The Eternal State) Anthem: Ottoman imperial anthem Borders in 1680, see: list of territories Capital Söğüt (1299-1326) Bursa (1326-1365) Edirne (1365-1453) Constantinople (Istanbul) (1453-1922) Language(s) Ottoman Turkish Government Monarchy Sultans  - 1281–1326 Osman I  - 1918–1922 Mehmed VI... Hunyadi has sometimes been confused with an elder brother or cousin John, himself a Severin Ban (the elder John died about 1440). For alternative meanings, see number 1440. ... [edit] Rise [edit] With Sigismund and in the disputed elections John Hunyadi in the Hussite Campaign, as depicted in the Johannes de Thurocz Chronicle While still a youth, the younger John Hunyadi entered the retinue of Sigismund, who appreciated his qualities; he also was the King's creditor on several occasions. He accompanied the monarch to Frankfurt, in Sigismund's quest for the Imperial crown in 1410, took part in the Hussite Wars in 1420, and in 1437 drove the Ottomans from Semendria. For these services he received numerous estates and a seat in the royal council. In 1438 King Albert II made Hunyadi Ban of Severin. Lying south of the defensible southern frontiers of Hungary, the Carpathians and the Drava/Sava/Danube complex, the province was subject to constant harassment by Ottoman forces. Upon the sudden death of Albert in 1439, Hunyadi, arguably feeling Hungary needed a warrior king, lent his support to the candidature of young King of Poland Władysław III of (1440), and thus came into collision with the powerful Ulrich III of Celje, the chief supporter of Albert's widow Elizabeth and her infant son, Ladislaus V. He took a prominent part in the ensuing civil war and was rewarded by Władysław with the captaincy of the fortress of Belgrade and the voivodship of Transylvania. He shared the latter dignity with Mihály Újlaki. Image File history File links Tucrcoczy_Janos_Campania_Iancu_de_hunedoara. ... Image File history File links Tucrcoczy_Janos_Campania_Iancu_de_hunedoara. ... Ján z Turca or Ján/Johannes de Turocz (Hungarian: Thuróczy János; German: Johannes de Thurocz, contemporary spelling: ) (c. ... A retinue (O. Fr. ... Main Station Frankfurt Frankfurt International Airport For other uses, see Frankfurt (disambiguation). ... The double-headed eagle A portrait of Charlemagne wearing the crown of the Holy Roman Empire (15th century painting by Albrecht Dürer) The Holy Roman Empire was a mainly Germanic conglomeration of lands in Central Europe during the Middle Ages and the early modern period. ... March 29 - The Aragonese capture Oristano, capital of the giudicato di Arborea in Sardinia July 15 – Battle of Grunwald (also known as Tannenberg or Zalgiris). ... Hussite War Wagons and Hand Cannoneers Hussite Crossbowman and Shield Carrier Hussite War Wagons The Hussite Wars, also called the Bohemian Wars involved the military actions against and amongst the followers of Jan Hus in Bohemia in the period 1420 to circa 1434. ... Events May 21 - Treaty of Troyes. ... // Events foundation of All Souls College, University of Oxford. ... Smederevo (Смедерево, Hungarian: Szendrő) is a city located in Serbia and Montenegro at 44. ... Events Pachacuti who would later create Tahuantinsuyu, or Inca Empire became the ruler of Cuzco In Italy, the siege of Brescia by the condottieri troops of Niccolò Piccinino was raised after the arrival of Scaramuccia da Forlì. January 1 - Albert II of Habsburg becomes King of Hungary March 18 - Albert... Albert II of Habsburg Albert II of Habsburg (August 10, 1397 – October 27, 1439), German ruler, king of Bohemia and Hungary, and (as Albert V) duke of Austria, was born on August 10, 1397, the son of Albert IV of Habsburg, duke of Austria. ... Southern Carpathians (also called Transylvanian Alps; in Romanian: Carpaţii Meridionali) are located between the Prahova river in the east and the Timiş river and Cerna river in the west. ... The Drava at Drávaszabolcs, Hungary The Drava at Vízvár, Hungary The Drava at Maribor, Slovenia The Drava (German: Drau, Slovenian, Croatian and Italian: Drava, Hungarian: Dráva) is a river in southern Central Europe. ... Sava also Save (in Serbian: Сава; German: Save; Hungarian: Száva) is a river in Europe, a right side tributary of Danube at Belgrade. ... The Danube (ancient Danuvius, ancient Greek Istros) is the longest river of the European Union and Europes second-longest[3] (after the Volga). ... Events Battle of Grotnik, which ended the hussite movement in Poland Eric of Pomerania, King of Sweden, Denmark and Norway is declared deposed in Sweden. ... The Kingdom of Poland of the Jagiellons was the Polish state in the years between the death of Casimir III in 1370 and the Union of Lublin in 1569. ... WÅ‚adysÅ‚aw III of Varna. ... For alternative meanings, see number 1440. ... Ulrich III (Slovenian: Ulrik Celjski, Hungarian: Cillei Ulrik) (1406 — 1456), also known as Ulrich Cillei, was Count of Celje. ... Ladislaus Posthumus (22 February 1440 - 23 November 1457), Archduke, king of Hungary as László V (or VI); king of Bohemia as Ladislav I; duke of Austria, the only son of Albert II, Holy Roman Emperor, and of Elizabeth, daughter of the emperor Sigismund, was born at Komarom four months... Belgrade (Serbian: Београд or Beograd  ) is the capital and largest city of Serbia. ... Voivode (as it is spelled in the Oxford English Dictionary), or less commonly voivod, is a Slavic word that originally denoted the principal commander of a military force. ... Map of Romania with Transylvania in yellow Transylvania (Romanian: or Transilvania; Hungarian: ; German: ; Serbian: / Transilvanija or Ердељ / Erdelj) is a historical region in central and western Romania. ... [edit] First battles of the Balkans The burden of the Ottoman War now rested with him. In 1441 he delivered Serbia by the victory of Semendria. In 1442, not far from Sibiu, on which he had been forced to retire, he annihilated an immense Ottoman presence, and recovered for Hungary the suzerainty of Wallachia. In February 1450, he signed an alliance treaty with Bogdan II of Moldavia. This page is about the year 1441. ... Anthem: Capital (and largest city)  Belgrade Official languages Serbian written with the Cyrillic alphabet1 Government Republic  - President Boris Tadić  - Prime Minister Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica Establishment    - Formation 8th century   - Independence c. ... Events The community of Rauma, Finland was granted its town rights. ... County Sibiu County Status County capital Mayor Klaus Johannis, from the Democratic Forum of Germans of Romania, since 2000 Area 121 km² Population (2002) 171,535 Density 1,417 inh/km² Geographical coordinates Web site http://www. ... Map of Romania with Wallachia in yellow. ... Events March - French troops under Guy de Richemont besiege the English commander in France, Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Somerset, in Caen April 15 - Battle of Formigny. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Moldavia (Moldova in Romanian) was a Romanian principality, originally created in the Middle Ages, now divided between Romania, Moldovan Republic and Ukraine. ... In July, he vanquished a third Turkish army near the Iron Gates. These victories made Hunyadi a prominent enemy of the Ottomans and renowned throughout Christendom, and stimulated him in 1443 to undertake, along with King Władysław, the famous expedition known as the "long campaign". Hunyadi, at the head of the vanguard, crossed the Balkans through the Gate of Trajan, captured Niš, defeated three Turkish pashas, and, after taking Sofia, united with the royal army and defeated Sultan Murad II at Snaim. The impatience of the king and the severity of the winter then compelled him (February 1444) to return home, but not before he had utterly broken the Sultan's power in Bosnia, Herzegovina, Serbia, Bulgaria, and Albania. The Iron Gate (Romanian: PorÅ£ile de Fier, Serbian: Гвоздена врата / Gvozdena vrata, Hungarian: Vaskapu, Turkish: Demirkapi, German: Eisernes Tor, Bulgarian: Железни врата) is a gorge on the Danube River. ... This T-and-O map, which abstracts the known world to a cross inscribed within an orb, remakes geography in the service of Christian iconography. ... Events Albanians, under Skanderbeg, defeat the Turks John Hunyadi defeats Turks at the Battle of Nis Vlad II Dracul begins his second term as ruler of Wallachia, succeeding Basarab II. Births January 27 - Albert, Duke of Saxony (died 1500) February 23 - Matthias Corvinus of Hungary (died 1490) May 17 - Edmund... Balkan peninsula with northwest border Isonzo-Krka-Sava The Balkans is the historic and geographic name used to describe a region of southeastern Europe. ... The Gate of Trajan, also known as Trajans Gate, is a hill pass near Sofia, Bulgaria. ... NiÅ¡ or Nish (Serbian: Ниш / NiÅ¡,  , Latin: Naissus, Greek: Ναισσός Naissos) is a city in Serbia situated at 43. ... Pasha (or pascha, bashaw; Turkish: paÅŸa; originally from Persian padshah or padeshah meaning king or from Turkish bash head, chief [1]) was a high rank in the Ottoman Empire political system, typically granted to governors and generals. ... Position of Sofia in Bulgaria Coordinates: Country Bulgaria Province Sofia-City Mayor Boyko Borisov Area    - City 1,310 km²  - Land (?) km²  - Water (?) km² Elevation 550 m Population (15 September 2006)  - City 1,246,791  - Density 907/km²  - Metro 1,377,761 Time zone EET (UTC+2)  - Summer (DST) EEST (UTC... The Ottoman Dynasty (or the Imperial House of Osman) ruled the Ottoman Empire from 1281 to 1923, beginning with Osman I (not counting his father, ErtuÄŸrul), though the dynasty was not proclaimed until 1383 when Murad I declared himself sultan. ... Murad II Murad II (1404 – February 3, 1451) (Arabic: مراد الثاني) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1421 to 1451 (except for a period from 1444 to 1446). ... Events March 2 - Gjergj Kastriot Skanderbeg proclaimed commander of the Albanian resistance April 16 - Truce of Tours. ... Approximate borders between Bosnia (marked light) and Herzegovina (marked dark) Historically and geographically, the region known as Bosnia (natively Bosna/Босна) comprises the northern part of the present-day country of Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... Herzegovina (natively Hercegovina/Херцеговина) is a historical region in the Dinaric Alps that composes the southern part of present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... No sooner had he regained Hungary than he received tempting offers from Pope Eugene IV, represented by the Legate Julian, Cardinal Cesarini, from Đurađ Branković, despot of Serbia, and Gjergj Kastrioti, prince of Albania, to resume the war and realize his ideal of driving the Ottomans from Europe. All the preparations had been made when Murad's envoys arrived in the royal camp at Szeged and offered a ten years' truce on advantageous terms. Branković bribed Hunyadi -he gave him his vast estates in Hungary- to support the acceptance of the peace. Cardinal Cesarini found a traitorous solution. The king swore that he would never give up the crusade, so all future peace and oath was automatically invalid. After this Hungary accepted the Sultan's offer and Hunyadi in Władysław's name swore on the Gospels to observe them. The current Pope is Benedict XVI (born Joseph Alois Ratzinger), who was elected at the age of 78 on 19 April 2005. ... Eugenius IV, né Gabriel Condulmer (1383 - February 23, 1447) was pope from March 3, 1431 to his death. ... A papal Legate, from the Decretals of Boniface VIII (1294 to 1303). ... Julian, Cardinal Cesarini (Rome 1398 – Varna, Bulgaria November 10, 1444) was one of the group of brilliant cardinals created by Pope Martin V on the conclusion of the Western Schism. ... Despot ĐuraÄ‘ Branković, Cyrillic: Ђурађ Бранковић, Hungarian: György Brankovics, ruled 1427 - 1456) was a Serbian monarch who built Smederevo. ... Despotism is government by a singular authority, either a single person or tightly knit group, which rules with absolute power. ... [[Skanderbeg_sculpture. ... Votive Church Szeged (help· info) (in Serbian Segedin or Сегедин, in German Szegedin/Segedin, in Polish Segedyn, in Romanian Seghedin, in Slovak Segedín) is the fourth largest city of Hungary, the regional centre of South-Eastern Hungary and the capital of Csongrád county. ... A white flag is traditionally used to represent a truce. ... Julian, Cardinal Cesarini (Rome 1398 – Varna, Bulgaria November 10, 1444) was one of the group of brilliant cardinals created by Pope Martin V on the conclusion of the Western Schism. ... For other uses, see Gospel (disambiguation). ... [edit] Battle of Varna The Battle of Varna, as depicted in the 1564 edition of Martin Bielski's Polish Chronicle Two days later Cesarini received tidings that a fleet of Venetian galleys had set off for the Bosporus to prevent Murad (who, crushed by his recent disasters, had retired to Anatolia) from recrossing into Europe, and the cardinal reminded the King that he had sworn to cooperate by land if the western powers attacked the Ottomans by sea. In July the Hungarian army recrossed the frontier and advanced towards the Black Sea coast in order to march to Constantinople escorted by the galleys. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (888x704, 226 KB) Summary Poland Kronicle from 1564. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (888x704, 226 KB) Summary Poland Kronicle from 1564. ... Events March 27 — Naples bans kissing in public under the penalty of death June 22 — Fort Caroline, the first French attempt at colonizing the New World September 10 — The Battle of Kawanakajima Ottoman Turks invade Malta Modern pencil becomes common in England Conquistadors crossed the Pacific Spanish founded a colony... Map of the Venetian Republic, circa 1000 CE. The republic is in dark red, borders in light red. ... A French galley and Dutch men-of-war off a port by Abraham Willaerts, painted 17th century. ... Bosporus - photo taken from International Space Station. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... NASA satelite image of the Black Sea Map of the Black Sea The Black Sea is an inland sea between southeastern Europe and Anatolia that is actually a distant arm of the Atlantic Ocean by way of the Mediterranean Sea. ... Map of Constantinople. ... Branković, however, fearful of the sultan's vengeance in case of disaster, privately informed Murad of the advance of the Christian host, and prevented Kastrioti from joining it. On reaching Varna, the Hungarians found that the Venetian galleys had failed to prevent the transit of the Sultan, who now confronted them with four times their forces, and on November 10, 1444 they were utterly routed in the Battle of Varna, Władysław falling on the field and Hunyadi narrowly escaping. Varna (Bulgarian: ) is the largest city on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast, third-largest in Bulgaria after Sofia and Plovdiv, and 92nd-largest in the European Union, with a population of 346,847[1] (2006). ... November 10 is the 314th day of the year (315th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 51 days remaining. ... Events March 2 - Gjergj Kastriot Skanderbeg proclaimed commander of the Albanian resistance April 16 - Truce of Tours. ... // See also Siege of Varna Combatants Hungary, Poland and others Ottoman Empire Commanders WÅ‚adysÅ‚aw III of Poland† Janos Hunyadi Murad II Strength ~ 20,000 - 30,000 ~ 60,000 (possibly up to 100,000?) Casualties 11,000 8,000 The Battle of Varna took place on November 10, 1444... [edit] Regent of the Kingdom of Hungary [edit] Brief personal rule At the diet which met in February 1445 a provisional government consisting of five Captain Generals was formed, with Hunyadi receiving Transylvania and four counties bordering on the Tisza, called the Partium or Körösvidék, to rule. As the anarchy resulting from the division became unmanageable, Hunyadi was elected regent of Hungary (Regni Gubernator) on June 5, 1446 in the name of Ladislaus V and given the powers of a regent. His first act as regent was to proceed against the German king Frederick III, who refused to release Ladislaus V. After ravaging Styria, Carinthia, and Carniola and threatening Vienna, Hunyadi's difficulties elsewhere compelled him to make a truce with Frederick for two years. In politics, a Diet is a formal deliberative assembly. ... Events Discovery of Senegal and Cape Verde by Dinas Diaz Births March 1 - Sandro Botticelli, Italian painter (died 1510) March 16 - Johann Geiler von Kaisersberg, Swiss-born preacher (died 1510) Albert Brudzewski, Polish astronomer (died 1497) Nicolas Chuquet, French mathematician Deaths June 5 - Leonel Power, English composer June 11 - Henry... A provisional government is an emergency or interim government set up when a political void has been created by the collapse of a previous administration or regime. ... Captain General is a rank and a title. ... Map of Romania with Transylvania in yellow Transylvania (Romanian: or Transilvania; Hungarian: ; German: ; Serbian: / Transilvanija or Ердељ / Erdelj) is a historical region in central and western Romania. ... The Tisza or Tisa is one of the major rivers of Central Europe. ... Principality of Transylvania Partium (Hungarian: Partium or Részek) is a historical region in the present-day territory of Romania that roughly corresponds to the contemporary CriÅŸana region. ... CriÅŸana is a region of west Romania, near the border with Hungary, named after the three CriÅŸ rivers that flow through it. ... Regent, from the Latin, a person selected to administer a state because the ruler is a minor or is not present or debilitated. ... June 5 is the 156th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (157th in leap years), with 209 days remaining. ... Events Mehmed II Sultan of the Ottoman Empire is forced to abdicate in favor of his father Murad II by the Janissaries. ... Ladislaus Posthumus (22 February 1440 - 23 November 1457), Archduke, king of Hungary as László V (or VI); king of Bohemia as Ladislav I; duke of Austria, the only son of Albert II, Holy Roman Emperor, and of Elizabeth, daughter of the emperor Sigismund, was born at Komarom four months... Detail of Aeneas Piccolomini Introduces Eleonora of Portugal to Frederick III by Pinturicchio (1454-1513) Frederick III of Habsburg (Innsbruck, September 21, 1415 – August 19, 1493 in Linz) was elected as German King as the successor of Albert II in 1440. ... Coat of arms of the Dukes of Styria, crowned with the ducal hat, today state coat The Duchy of Styria (German: Herzogtum Steiermark, Slovenian Å tajerska) was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, and a crownland of Austria-Hungary until its dissolution in 1918. ... Coat of arms of the Dukes of Carinthia, today state coat The Duchy of Carinthia (German language: Kärnten, Slovenian: KoroÅ¡ka) was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, and a crownland of Austria-Hungary until it dissolved in 1918. ... Carniola English and Latin; (Slovenian Kranjska, German Krain) is a name for a region in Slovenia. ... Vienna (German: Wien ) is the capital of Austria, and also one of the nine States of Austria. ... John Hunyadi in a Johannes de Thurocz Chronicle woodcut In 1448 he received a golden chain and the title of Prince from Pope Nicholas V, and immediately afterwards resumed the war with the Ottomans. He lost the two-day Second Battle of Kosovo (October 7-10 1448, owing to the treachery of Dan, pretender to the throne of Wallachia, and of his old rival Branković, who intercepted Hunyadi's planned Albanian reinforcements led by Gjergj Kastrioti, preventing them from ever reaching the battle. Branković also imprisoned Hunyadi for a time in the dungeons of the fortress of Smederevo, but he was ransomed by his countrymen and, after resolving his differences with his powerful and numerous political enemies in Hungary, led a punitive expedition against the Serbian prince, who was forced to accept harsh terms of peace. Image File history File links Tucrcoczy_Janos_Iancu_de_Hunedoara_Brunnner_Ausgabe. ... Image File history File links Tucrcoczy_Janos_Iancu_de_Hunedoara_Brunnner_Ausgabe. ... Ján z Turca or Ján/Johannes de Turocz (Hungarian: Thuróczy János; German: Johannes de Thurocz, contemporary spelling: ) (c. ... Events January 5/ 6 - Christopher of Bavaria, King of Denmark, Norway and Sweden dies with no designated heir leaving all three kingdoms with vacant thrones. ... Nicholas V, né Tomaso Parentucelli (November 15, 1397 – March 24, 1455) was Pope from March 6, 1447, to his death. ... In the second Battle of Kosovo (rigómezei csata in Hungarian) in 1448, the Hungarian Catholic coalition under John Hunyadi was defeated by the Ottoman Turkish-led coalition under Murad II. The battle was fought between October 7th and 10th in the Kosovo Field (Kosovo Polje). ... Events January 5/ 6 - Christopher of Bavaria, King of Denmark, Norway and Sweden dies with no designated heir leaving all three kingdoms with vacant thrones. ... Dan II was a ruler of the principality of Wallachia in the 15th Century, ruling an extraordinary 5 times, and succeeded 4 times by Radu II Chelul, his rival for the throne. ... [[Skanderbeg_sculpture. ... [[Image:Bothwell castle 1997 d. ... Location in Serbia-Montenegro [[Image:|150px|center|Map of Serbia-Montenegro highlighting the settlement location]] General Information Mayor SaÅ¡a Radosavljević Land area  ? Population (2002 census) 77,808 (109,809 municipality) Population density (2002)  ? Coordinates [1] Area code +381 26 Subdivisions 27 settlements in the municipality License plate code SD... In 1450 Hunyadi went to the Hungarian capital of Pozsony to negotiate with Holy Roman Emperor Frederick III the terms of the surrender of Ladislaus V, but no agreement could be reached. Several of John Hunyadi's enemies, including Ulrich III of Celje, accused him of conspiracy to overthrow the King. In order to defuse the increasingly volatile domestic situation, he relinquished his regency and the title of regent. On his return to Hungary at the beginning of 1453, Ladislaus named him count of Beszterce and Captain General of the kingdom. The king also expanded his coat-of-arms with the so-called Beszterce Lions. Events March - French troops under Guy de Richemont besiege the English commander in France, Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Somerset, in Caen April 15 - Battle of Formigny. ... Bratislava (see below for name alternatives), is the capital of Slovakia and the countrys largest city, with a population of some 450,000. ... The Holy Roman Emperor was, with some variation, the ruler of the Holy Roman Empire, the predecessor of modern Germany, during its existence from the 10th century until its collapse in 1806. ... Detail of Aeneas Piccolomini Introduces Eleonora of Portugal to Frederick III by Pinturicchio (1454-1513) Frederick III of Habsburg (Innsbruck, September 21, 1415 – August 19, 1493 in Linz) was elected as German King as the successor of Albert II in 1440. ... Ulrich III (Slovenian: Ulrik Celjski, Hungarian: Cillei Ulrik) (1406 — 1456), also known as Ulrich Cillei, was Count of Celje. ... In a political sense, conspiracy refers to a group of persons united in the goal of usurping or overthrowing an established political power. ... April 2 - Mehmed II begins his siege of Constantinople (Ä°stanbul). ... Beszterce-Naszód was the name of a historic administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. ... [edit] Belgrade campaign and death John's tomb in Alba Iulia Cathedral. Meanwhile, the Ottoman issue had again become acute, and, after the fall of Constantinople in 1453, it seemed natural that Sultan Mehmed II was rallying his resources in order to subjugate Hungary. His immediate objective was Belgrade. Hunyadi arrived at the siege of Belgrade at the end of 1455, after settling differences with his domestic enemies. At his own expense, he restocked the supplies and arms of the fortress, leaving in it a strong garrison under the command of his brother-in-law Mihály Szilágyi and his own eldest son László. He proceeded to form a relief army, and assembled a fleet of two hundred ships. His main ally was the Franciscan friar, Giovanni da Capistrano, whose fiery oratory drew a large crusade made up mostly of peasants. Although relatively ill-armed (most were armed with farm equipment, such as scythes and pitchforks) they flocked to Hunyadi and his small corps of seasoned mercenaries and cavalry. Image File history File links Tomb-hunyadi. ... Image File history File links Tomb-hunyadi. ... Alba Iulia (Hungarian: Gyulafeh r, German: Karlsburg) is a city in Alba county, Transylvania, Romania with a population of 66,369, located on the Mureş river. ... // Combatants Byzantine Empire Ottoman Empire Commanders Constantine XI† Loukas Notaras Giovanni Giustiniani†[1] Mehmed II Strength 5,000 militia soldiers plus 2,000 Italian mercenaries 80,000[1] - 150,000[1] Casualties Most of Byzantine defenders, some mercenaries, many civilians Heavy The Fall of Constantinople was the capture of the... April 2 - Mehmed II begins his siege of Constantinople (Ä°stanbul). ... The Ottoman Dynasty (or the Imperial House of Osman) ruled the Ottoman Empire from 1281 to 1923, beginning with Osman I (not counting his father, ErtuÄŸrul), though the dynasty was not proclaimed until 1383 when Murad I declared himself sultan. ... Mehmed II (Ottoman Turkish: محمد ثانى Meḥmed-i sānÄ«, Turkish: ), (also known as el-Fatih (الفاتح), the Conqueror, in Ottoman Turkish, or, in modern Turkish, Fatih Sultan Mehmet) (March 30, 1432 – May 3, 1481) was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire for a short time from 1444 to 1446, and later from... Combatants Ottoman Empire Kingdom of Hungary Commanders Mehmet II John Hunyadi Strength About 100,000 About 75,000 Casualties About 50,000 About 10,000 After the fall of Constantinople in 1453, Ottoman sultan Mehmed II was rallying his resources in order to subjugate the Kingdom of Hungary. ... ... no changes . ... László Hunyadi (1433 – 1457) was a Hungarian statesman and warrior. ... A rare occurance of a 5-country multinational fleet, during Operation Enduring Freedom in the Oman Sea. ... The Order of Friars Minor and other Franciscan movements are disciples of Saint Francis of Assisi. ... A friar is a member of a religious mendicant order of men. ... Saint Giovanni da Capistrano (English:John Capistrano, June 24, 1386 – October 23, 1456), Italian friar, theologian and inquisitor, was born in the village of Capistrano, in the diocese of Sulmona in the Abruzzi. ... This article is about the medieval crusades. ... Using a scythe A scythe (IPA: , most likely from Old English siðe, sigði) is an agricultural hand tool for mowing and reaping grass or crops. ... A pitchfork next to a compost bin Pitching hay A pitchfork is a tool with a long handle and long, thin, widely separated pointed tines (also called prongs) used to lift and throw loose material, such as hay, leaves, grapes, or other agricultural products. ... A mercenary is a person who takes part in an armed conflict and is motivated to take part in the hostilities essentially by the desire for private gain and, in fact, is promised, by or on behalf of a Party to the conflict, material compensation substantially in excess of that... Soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback in combat are commonly known as cavalry (from French cavalerie). ... On July 14, 1456 the flotilla of corvettes assembled by Hunyadi destroyed the Ottoman fleet. On July 21, Szilágyi's forces in the fortress repulsed a fierce assault by the Rumelian army, and Hunyadi pursued the retreating forces into their camp, taking advantage of the Turkish army's confused flight from the city. After fierce but brief fighting, the camp was captured, and Mehmet raised the siege and returned to Istanbul. With his flight began a 70 year period of relative peace on Hungary's southeastern border. However, plague broke out in Hunyadi's camp three weeks after the lifting of the siege, and he died August 11. He was buried inside the (Roman Catholic) Cathedral of Alba Iulia (Gyulafehérvár), next to his elder brother John. July 14 is the 195th day (196th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 170 days remaining. ... // Events July 7 - Joan of Arc acquitted (but she had already been executed). ... A flotilla (from Spanish, meaning a flota of small ships, and this from French flotte), or naval flotilla, is a formation of small warships that may be part of a larger fleet. ... Map of Rumelia as of 1801 Rumelia (turkish: Rum: Roman El: Land Rumeli: Lands of Rome), the area that was the East Roman or Byzantine Empire, a name commonly used, from the 15th century onwards, to denote the part of the Balkan Peninsula subject to the Ottoman Empire. ... Istanbul (Turkish: Ä°stanbul, Greek: , historically known in English as Constantinople; see other names) is Turkeys most populous city, and its cultural and financial center. ... August 11 is the 223rd day of the year (224th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... A cathedral is a Christian church building, specifically of a denomination with an episcopal hierarchy, such as the Anglican, Catholic and some Lutheran churches, which serves as the central church of a diocese, and thus as a bishops seat. ... Alba Iulia (Hungarian: Gyulafeh r, German: Karlsburg) is a city in Alba county, Transylvania, Romania with a population of 66,369, located on the Mureş river. ... [edit] Legacy Personal Coat of arms – note the raven depicted on the escutcheon, the origin of the name Corvinus The rise of nationalism has led to hero images of John Hunyadi in the discourse of several local nationalities – each in its own way has claimed him as their own. Along with his son Matthias, John has acquired a presence in modern Romania's political culture (images that focus on the Vlach origin rather than their careers within Hungary or on their presence as outsiders in the politics of Wallachia and Moldavia, although Hunyadi was responsible for establishing the careers of both Stephen III of Moldavia and the controversial Vlad III of Wallachia). John Hunyadi is traditionally considered a national hero in Hungary and Romania. Image File history File links Iancu_de_Hunedoara_coat_of_arms. ... Image File history File links Iancu_de_Hunedoara_coat_of_arms. ... Species See text. ... A modern coat of arms is derived from the medi val practice of painting designs onto the shield and outer clothing of knights to enable them to be identified in battle, and later in tournaments. ... Eugène Delacroixs Liberty Leading the People, symbolising French nationalism during the July Revolution. ... Sir Galahad, a hero of Arthurian legend, detail of a painting by George Frederic Watts From the Greek , in mythology and folklore, a hero (male) or heroine (female) usually fulfills the definitions of what is considered good and noble in the originating culture. ... Matthias Corvinus (Mátyás in Hungarian), (February 23, 1443 (?) - April 6, 1490) was one of the greatest Kings of Hungary, ruling between 1458 and 1490. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Map of Romania with Wallachia in yellow. ... Moldavia (Moldova in Romanian) was a Romanian principality, originally created in the Middle Ages, now divided between Romania, Moldovan Republic and Ukraine. ... Stephen the Great (Romanian icon) Stephen III of Moldavia, also called Stephen MuÅŸat III (BorzeÅŸti, 1433 – Suceava, 1504-07-02) was a voivod (prince) of Moldova (1457-1504), who won renown in Europe for his long resistance against the Ottoman Empire. ... Portrait of Vlad III Vlad III Dracula (also known as Vlad Å¢epeÅŸ IPA: in Romanian or Vlad the Impaler) (November/December, 1431 – December 1476) reigned as Prince of Wallachia 1448, 1456–1462 and 1476. ... Among John's noted qualities, is his regional primacy in recognizing the insufficiency and unreliability of the feudal levies, instead regularly employing large professional armies. His notable contribution to the development of the science of European warfare included the emphasis on tactics and strategy in place of over-reliance on frontal assaults and mêlées. Man-at-arms was a medieval term for a soldier, almost always a professional. ... A standing army is an army composed of full time professional soldiers. ... Military tactics (Greek: TaktikÄ“, the art of organizing an army) is the collective name for methods of engaging and defeating an enemy in battle. ... Military stratagem in the Battle of Waterloo. ... The military tactic of frontal assault is a direct, hostile movement of forces towards enemy forces in a large number, in an attempt to overwhelm the enemy. ... Mêlée generally refers to disorganized hand-to-hand combat involving a group of fighters. ... Although he remained illiterate until late in life (something not uncommon during the age he lived in), his diplomatic, strategic, and tactical skills allowed him to serve his country well. After his death, Pope Callixtus III stated that "the light of the world has passed away", considering his defense of Christendom against the Ottoman threat. World literacy rates by country The traditional definition of literacy is considered to be the ability to read and write, or the ability to use language–to read, write, listen, and speak. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Calistus and Calixtus III redirect here. ... [edit] Notes ^ Dr. Borovszky Samu, Magyarorszag varmegyei es varosai, Kiadta az országos monográfiai társaság, Budapest ^ Some speculations on a possible Cuman ancestry for his mother have been made. This is generally dismissed, since Vlach lineage was common in many Hungarian noble families of Transylvania, but Cuman origin would have been considered a stain on one's reputation. The Cumans, also known as Polovtsy (Slavic for yellowish) were a nomadic West Turkic tribe living on the north of the Black Sea along the Volga. ... [edit] References Wikimedia Commons has media related to: John Hunyadi This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. Sources cited by the Encyclopædia Britannica: R.N. Bain, "The Siege of Belgrade, 1456", in Eng. Hist. Rev., 1892. Antonio Bonfini, Rerum ungaricarum libri xlv, editio septima (in Latin; ~contemporary source). J. de Chassin, Jean de Hunyad, (in French), Paris, 1859. György Fejér, Genus, incunabula et virtus Joannis Corvini de Hunyad (in Latin), Buda, 1844. Vilmos Fraknói, Cardinal Carjaval and his Missions to Hungary, (in Hungarian), Budapest, 1889. P. Frankl, Der Friede von Szegedin und die Geschichte seines Bruches (in German), Leipzig, 1904. A. Pcr, Life of Hunyadi (in Hungarian), Budapest, 1873. József Teleki, The Age of the Hunyadis in Hungary (in Hungarian), Pest, 1852-1857; (supplementary volumes by D. Csinki 1895). Categories: Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica | Year of birth missing | Place of birth missing | 1456 deaths | Belgrade | Hungarian soldiers | Hunyadi family | Transylvania | Deaths from bubonic plague Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Wikimedia Commons logo by Reid Beels The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ... Encyclopædia Britannica, the 11th edition The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911) is perhaps the most famous edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ... Antonio Bonfini (1427-1503) Italian humanist and poet who spent the last years of his career as a court historian in Hungary with King Matthias Corvinus. ... George Fejer (Hungarian: Fejér György) (April 23, 1766 - July 2, 1851), Hungarian author, was born at Keszthely, in the county of Zala. ... Buda (German: Ofen, Croatian: Budim, Slovak: Budín, Serbian: Будим or Budim, Turkish: Budin) is the western part of the Hungarian capital Budapest on the right bank of the Danube. ... Vilmos Fraknói (Ãœrmény, February 27, 1843 – Budapest, November 20, 1924) was a prominent Hungarian historian. ... Nickname: Paris of the East, Pearl of the Danubeor Queen of the Danube Location of Budapest in Hungary Country Hungary County Pest  - Mayor Gábor Demszky (SZDSZ) Area    - City 525. ... [] (Sorbian/Lusatian: Lipsk) is the largest city in the Federal State (Bundesland) of Saxony in Germany. ... Pest (in Slovak Pešť, pron. ...

	Results from FactBites:
	John Hunyadi: Definition and Much More from Answers.com (2348 words) John was born into a noble family in 1387 (or 1400 according to some sources) as the son of Vojk (alternatively spelled as Voyk or Vajk in English, Vajk in Hungarian, Voicu in Romanian), son of Serb, Sorb, or Serbe, a Vlach Knyaz from the Banate of Szörény (Severin). Branković also imprisoned Hunyadi for a time in the dungeons of the fortress of Smederevo, but he was ransomed by his countrymen and, after resolving his differences with his powerful and numerous political enemies in Hungary, led a punitive expedition against the Serbian prince, who was forced to accept harsh terms of peace. Among John's noted qualities, is his regional primacy in recognizing the insufficiency and unreliability of the feudal levies, instead regularly employing large professional armies.
	More results at FactBites »