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Before the invention of the flying shuttle by JohnKay in 1733, it was only possible for cloth to be woven up to a maximum of the width of a man's body, across his arms.
JohnKay's invention allowed the shuttle, containing the thread, to be shot backwards and forwards across a much wider bed.
JohnKay was the son of a wool manufacturer in Bury, Lancashire.
John William Kay was born on September 13 1943 and grew up at Blundellsands on the outskirts of Liverpool, where his father imported timber.
Kay was appointed a Recorder in 1982, took Silk in 1984, and was approved to sit as a deputy High Court judge in 1989.
Although he found it "astonishing" that her original trial in 1955 had lasted for just one day, Kay said that "under the law at the date of the trial, the judge was right to withdraw the defence of provocation from the jury" and that therefore the appeal must fail.