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Encyclopedia > John Kendrew
John Kendrew
John Kendrew

John Cowdery Kendrew (March 24, 1917August 23, 1997) was an English biochemist, crystallographer, and Nobel prize winner in the field of chemistry in 1962, a prize shared with Max Perutz, whose group in the Cavendish Laboratory was involved in the investigation of the structure of heme-containing proteins. Image File history File links John_cowdery_kendrew. ... Image File history File links John_cowdery_kendrew. ... March 24 is the 83rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (84th in Leap years). ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ... This is the song that never ends yes it gos on and on my friends some people started singing it not knowing what it was they just started singing it forever just becauseThis is the song that never ends yes it gos on and on my friends some... 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Royal motto (French): Dieu et mon droit (Translated: God and my right) Englands location (dark green) within the United Kingdom (light green), with the Republic of Ireland (blue) to its west Languages None official English de facto Capital None official London de facto Largest city London Area – Total Ranked... Biochemistry is the chemistry of life. ... Crystallography (from the Greek words crystallon = cold drop / frozen drop, with its meaning extending to all solids with some degree of transparency, and graphein = write) is the experimental science of determining the arrangement of atoms in solids. ... Max Ferdinand Perutz (May 19, 1914 - February 6, 2002) was an Austrian-British molecular biologist. ... Plaque The Cavendish Laboratory is Cambridge Universitys Department of Physics, and is part of the universitys School of Physical Sciences. ...

Contents


Early life

He was born in Oxford, son of Wilford George Kendrew, reader in climatology in the University of Oxford and Evelyn May Graham Sandburg, art historian. He was educated at the Dragon School in Oxford, as well as Clifton College in Bristol, 1930-1936. He attended Trinity College, Cambridge in 1936, as a Major Scholar, graduating in chemistry in 1939. He spent the early months of World War II doing research on reaction kinetics, and then became a member of the Air Ministry Research Establishment, working on radar. In 1940 he became engaged in operational research at the Royal Air Force headquarters, holding the honorary rank of Wing Commander R.A.F. Oxford is a city and local government district in Oxfordshire, England, with a population of 134,248 (2001 census). ... Climatology is the study of climate, and is a branch of the atmospheric sciences. ... The University of Oxford, located in the city of Oxford, England, is the oldest university in the English-speaking world. ... The Dragon School is a renowned British preparatory school in the city of Oxford, founded in 1877. ... Founded in 1862, Clifton College is a major coeducational public school in Clifton, Bristol, England. ... Bristol (IPA: brĭstəl) is a city, unitary authority and ceremonial county in South West England. ... Full name The College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity Motto Virtus vera nobilitas Virtue is true Nobility Named after The Holy Trinity Previous names Kings Hall and Michaelhouse (until merged in 1546) Established 1546 Sister College(s) Christ Church Master The Lord Rees of Ludlow Location Trinity Street... The University of Cambridge (often called Cambridge University), located in Cambridge, England, is the second-oldest university in the English-speaking world. ... Combatants Allies: Poland, British Commonwealth, France/Free France, Soviet Union, United States, China, and others Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan, and others Casualties Military dead: 17 million Civilian dead: 33 million Total dead: 50 million Military dead: 8 million Civilian dead: 4 million Total dead: 12 million World War II... The Royal Air Force (often abbreviated to RAF) is the air force branch of the British Armed Forces. ...


During the war years, he became increasingly interested in biochemical problems, and decided to work on the structure of proteins.


Crystallography

In 1945 he approached Dr. Max Perutz in the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge. Dr. Joseph Barcroft, respiratory physiologist, suggested he might make a comparitive protein crystallographic study of adult and fetal sheep hemoglobin, and he started that work. Max Ferdinand Perutz (May 19, 1914 - February 6, 2002) was an Austrian-British molecular biologist. ... Plaque The Cavendish Laboratory is Cambridge Universitys Department of Physics, and is part of the universitys School of Physical Sciences. ... Map of the Cambridgeshire area (1904) The city of Cambridge is an old English university town and the administrative centre of the county of Cambridgeshire. ... 3-dimensional structure of hemoglobin. ...


In 1947 he became a Fellow of Peterhouse, and MRC [the Medical Research Council], agreed to create a research unit for the study of the molecular structure of biological systems, under the direction of Sir Lawrence Bragg. In 1954 he became a Reader at the Davy-Faraday Laboratory of the Royal Institution in London. The initials MRC can stand for: Medical Research Council (UK) Medical Research Council (South Africa) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... William Lawrence Bragg William Lawrence Bragg (March 31, 1890 - July 1, 1971) was a physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1915. ... The Royal Institution of Great Britain was set up in 1799 by the leading British scientists of the age, including Henry Cavendish and its first president George Finch, the 9th Earl of Winchilsea, for diffusing the knowledge, and facilitating the general introduction, of useful mechanical inventions and improvements; and for... London is the capital city of the United Kingdom and of England and is the most populous city in the European Union. ...


Crystal structure of myoglobin

Myoglobin diffraction pattern
Myoglobin diffraction pattern

Kendrew shared the 1962 Nobel Prize for chemistry with Max Perutz for determining the first atomic structures of proteins using X-ray crystallography. Their work was done at what is now the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge. Kendrew determined the structure of the protein myoglobin, which transports oxygen in muscle cells. Myoglobin is a single-chain protein of 153 amino acids, containing a heme (iron-containing porphyrin) group in the center. ... Image File history File links Summary From a US government website. ... Image File history File links Summary From a US government website. ... Sir Edward Appletons medal Photographs of Nobel Prize Medals. ... Chemistry (derived from alchemy) is the science of matter at or near the atomic scale. ... Max Ferdinand Perutz (May 19, 1914 - February 6, 2002) was an Austrian-British molecular biologist. ... A representation of the 3D structure of myoglobin, showing coloured alpha helices. ... X-ray crystallography is a technique in crystallography in which the pattern produced by the diffraction of X-rays through the closely spaced lattice of atoms in a crystal is recorded and then analyzed to reveal the nature of that lattice. ... Map of the Cambridgeshire area (1904) The city of Cambridge is an old English university town and the administrative centre of the county of Cambridgeshire. ... Myoglobin is a single-chain protein of 153 amino acids, containing a heme (iron-containing porphyrin) group in the center. ... A top-down view of skeletal muscle Muscle is contractile tissue of the body and is derived from the mesodermal layer of embryonic germ cells. ... Cells in culture, stained for keratin (red) and DNA (green). ...


Later career

He became Fellow of the American Society of Biological Chemists in 1967.


References

  • Nobel website biography

External links

  • Max Perutz obituary of John Kendrew

Bibiliography

  • Thread of Life by Sir John Kendrew: (ISBN 0713506180) G.Bell, 1966;

  Results from FactBites:
 
John Kendrew - definition of John Kendrew in Encyclopedia (129 words)
John Cowdery Kendrew (March 24, 1917 – August 23, 1997) was a British molecular biologist.
Kendrew shared the 1962 Nobel Prize for chemistry with Max Perutz for determining the first atomic structures of proteins using crystallography.
Kendrew determined the structure of the protein myoglobin, which transports oxygen in muscle cells.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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