General John Moore

Sir John Moore, KB (November 13, 1761 – January 16, 1809) was a British soldier and General. Image File history File links General_John_Moore. ... Image File history File links General_John_Moore. ... Military Badge of the Order of the Bath The Most Honourable Order of the Bath is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on 18 May 1725. ... November 13 is the 317th day of the year (318th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 48 days remaining. ... 1761 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... January 16 is the 16th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1809 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

Early years

He was born in Glasgow, the son of John Moore, a doctor and writer. He attended Glasgow High School, but at the age of eleven joined his father and the Duke of Hamilton on a grand tour of France, Italy and Germany, This included a two-year stay in Geneva, where Moore's education continued. For other uses, see Glasgow (disambiguation). ... John Moore (1729 - 1802) was a Scottish physician and writer. ... The High School of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, was founded in the 12th Century as the Choir School of Glasgow Cathedral, the school went on to become the Grammar School of Glasgow in the 15th Century. ... Duke of Hamilton is a title in the Peerage of Scotland created in 1643. ... The interior of the Pantheon in the 18th century, painted by Giovanni Paolo Panini In the 18th century, the Grand Tour was a kind of education for wealthy British noblemen, wherein the primary educational value was exposure to the cultured artifacts of antiquity and the Renaissance as well as the... Geneva (pronunciation //; French: Genève //, German:   //, Italian: Ginevra) is the second most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich), and is the most populous city of Romandy (the French-speaking part of Switzerland). ...

Military and political career 1776-90

He joined the British Army in 1776 as an ensign in the 51st Foot then based in Minorca. He first saw action in 1778 during the American Revolutionary War as a lieutenant in the 82nd under the 8th Duke of Hamilton. In 1783 he returned to Britain and in 1784 he was elected to Parliament as the Member for Lanark, Selkirk, Peebles and Linlithgow, a seat he held until 1790. Flag of Minorca This is a taula from the site of Talatì de Dalt about 4km west of Maó Minorca (Menorca both in Catalan and Spanish and increasingly in English usage; from Latin Balearis Minor, later Minorica minor island) is one of the Balearic Islands (Illes Balears Catalan official name... Combatants American Revolutionaries, France, Dutch Republic, Spain, American Indians Great Britain, German mercenaries, Loyalists, American Indians Commanders George Washington, Comte de Rochambeau, Nathanael Greene, Bernardo de Gálvez Sir William Howe, Sir Henry Clinton, Lord Cornwallis (more commanders) The American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), also known as the American War... Douglas Hamilton, 8th Duke of Hamilton KT (24 July 1756–2 August 1799) was a Scottish peer. ...

In 1787 he was made Major and joined the 60th briefly before returning to the 51st. In 1791 his unit was assigned to the Mediterranean and he was involved in campaigning in Corsica and was wounded at Calvi. He was given a Colonelcy and became Adjutant-General to Sir Charles Stuart. Friction between Moore and the new British viceroy of Corsica led to his recall and posting to the West Indies under Sir Ralph Abercromby. The Mediterranean Sea is an intercontinental sea positioned between Europe to the north, Africa to the south and Asia to the east, covering an approximate area of 2. ... For other uses, see Corsica (disambiguation). ... Calvi from Citadel Calvi is a small town and commune of the Haute-Corse (2B) département, in France. ... Sir Charles Stuart KB (January 1753 – 25 May 1801) was a British nobleman and soldier. ... Sir Ralph Abercromby (sometimes spelled Abercrombie) (October 7, 1734–March 28, 1801) was a British lieutenant-general noted for his services during the Napoleonic Wars. ...

Moore in Ireland 1798

In 1798 he was made Major-General and served in the suppression of the republican rebellion raging in Ireland. His personal intervention was credited with turning the tide at the battle of Foulksmills on 20th June and he regained control of Wexford town before the ruthless General Lake, thereby possibly preventing its sacking. Although the rebellion was crushed with great brutality, Moore stood out from most other commanders for his humanity and refusal to perpetrate atrocities. The Irish Rebellion of 1798 (Éirí Amach 1798 in Irish), or 1798 rebellion as it is known locally, was an uprising in 1798, lasting several months, against the British dominated Kingdom of Ireland. ... The battle of Foulksmills (also known as the battle of Goffs Bridge) was a battle on 20th June 1798 between advancing British forces seeking to stamp out the rebellion in Wexford during the Irish Rebellion of 1798 and a rebel army assembled to oppose them. ... Wexford (Irish: Loch Garman) is the county town of County Wexford in the Republic of Ireland. ... Gerard Lake, 1st Viscount Lake (July 27, 1744 - February 20, 1808), was a British general. ...

Moore and military training

In 1799 he commanded a brigade in the expedition to Egmont-op-Zee, his force was badly defeated and he himself was seriously injured. He recovered to lead the 52nd regiment during their campaigns in Egypt.

He returned to England in 1803 to command a brigade at Shorncliffe camp near Folkestone, where he established the innovative training regime that produced Britain's first permanent light infantry regiments. He had a reputation as an exceptionally humane leader and trainer of men; it is said that when new buildings were being constructed at the camp and the architect asked him where the paths should go, he told him to wait some months and see where the men walked, then put the paths there. The barracks are now named after him. Additionally, Army Training Regiment Winchester is named after him: Sir John Moore Barracks Sir Arthur Bryant wrote, "Moore's contribution to the British Army was not only that matchless Light Infantry who have ever since enshrined his training, but also the belief that the perfect soldier can only be made by evoking all that is finest in man - physical, mental and spiritual". Folkestone Harbour, picture taken from the golf court Folkestone (pronounced fōkstun) is a coastal resort town in the Shepway district of Kent, England. ... An Army Training Regiment (ATR) is a unit of the British Army which conducts basic training for new recruits. ... Sir Arthur Bryant, CH, (18 February 1899 - 22 January 1985), was a widely popular British historian, and columnist for the Illustrated London News. ...

War with France 1803-1808

When it became clear that Napoleon was planning an invasion of England, Moore was put in charge of the defence of the coast from Dover to Dungeness. It was on his initiative that the Martello Towers were constructed, following a pattern he had been impressed with in Corsica, where the prototype tower, at Mortella Point, had offered a stout resistance to British land and sea forces. He also initiated the cutting of the Royal Military Canal in Kent and Sussex, and recruited about 340,000 volunteers to a militia that would have defended the lines of the South Downs if an invading force had broken through the regular army defences. In 1804 Moore was knighted and promoted to Lieutenant-General. In 1806 he returned to active duty in the Mediterranean and then in 1808 in the Baltic to assist the Swedish. Disagreements with Gustavus IV led to him being soon sent home where he was ordered to Portugal. For other uses, see Napoleon (disambiguation). ... Arms of Dover Borough Council This article is about the English port town. ... Dungeness is the headland of a shingle beach on the Romney Marsh in Kent, England. ... Martello towers (or simply Martellos) are small defensive forts built by the British Empire during the 19th century, from the time of the Napoleonic Wars onwards. ... The first sod of the Royal Military Canal was dug at Seabrook, near Hythe in Kent on 30th October 1804. ... Kent is a county in England, south-east of London. ... Sussex is a traditional county in South East England corresponding roughly in area to the ancient Kingdom of Sussex. ... Near Beachy Head The South Downs is one of the two areas of chalk downland in southern England. ... The Mediterranean Sea is an intercontinental sea positioned between Europe to the north, Africa to the south and Asia to the east, covering an approximate area of 2. ... Gustav IV Adolf (November 1, 1778 – February 7, 1837), was King of Sweden from 1792 until his abdication in 1809. ...

Spanish War 1808-11

Moore's tomb in San Carlos Garden at A Coruña

Moore took command of the British forces in the Iberian peninsula following the recall of Burrard, Dalrymple and Wellesley, who all faced an inquiry over the Convention of Sintra. When Napoleon arrived in Spain with 200,000 men, Moore drew the French northwards while retreating to his embarkation ports of A Coruña and Vigo. Moore established a defensive position on hills outside the town, and was fatally wounded at the Battle of Corunna, being "struck in his left breast and shoulder by a cannon shot, which broke his ribs, his arm, lacerated his shoulder and the whole of his left side and lungs". He remained conscious, and composed, throughout the several hours of his dying, and was buried in the ramparts of the town; the funeral is celebrated in a well known poem by Charles Wolfe, The Burial of Sir John Moore after Corunna, which begins, Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2592x1944, 2328 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: John Moore (British soldier) Battle of Corunna Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2592x1944, 2328 KB) Summary Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: John Moore (British soldier) Battle of Corunna Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. ... The Convention of Sintra (or Cintra) was an agreement signed on August 30, 1808 during the Peninsular War. ... For other uses, see Napoleon (disambiguation). ... A Coruña , (in English Corunna, in Spanish La Coruña, and in Galician A Coruña) is a Galician city, in north-western Spain. ... Nickname: The Olive City Situation of Vigo within Galicia Parroquias Alcabre, Beade, Bembrive, Cabral, Candeán, Castrelos, Comesaña, Coruxo, Lavadores, Matamá, Navia, Oia, Saiáns, Sampaio, Sárdoma, Valadares, Zamáns. ... For the battle near Madrid in the Spanish Civil War, see Battle of the La Corunna Road. ... Charles Wolfe (1791 - 1823) was an Irish poet. ...

When the French took the town, a monument was built over his grave by the orders of Marshal Soult. The monument was rebuilt and made more permanent in 1811. In his native Glasgow he is commemorated by a statue in George Square, and in England by a monument in St Paul's Cathedral and an equestrian statue at Shorncliffe. Houses are named for him at The High School of Glasgow and HM Queen Victoria School, Dunblane. Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult, duc de Dalmatie (March 29, 1769 – November 26, 1851) was a French general and statesman, named Marshal of France in 1804. ... For other uses, see Glasgow (disambiguation). ... St Pauls Cathedral from the south St Pauls Cathedral is a cathedral on Ludgate Hill, in the City of London, England and the seat of the Bishop of London. ... Shorncliffe can refer to: Shorncliffe railway line, Brisbane Shorncliffe railway station, Brisbane Shorncliffe (Brisbane suburb) This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... The High School of Glasgow is a co-educational Independent School now located in the Anniesland area of Glasgow, Scotland, with a role of just over 1,000 pupils between the ages of 3 and 18. ... HM Queen Victoria School, opened in 1908, is Scotlands Ministry of Defence school for the sons and daughters of Scottish soldiers, sailors and airmen. ...

Publications

• J. C. Moore, Life of Sir John Moore (London, 1834)
• W. F. P. Napier, History of the Peninsular War (five volumes, New York, 1856)
• C. B. Mayne, "Moore", in Spenser Wilkinson, From Cromwell to Wellington (London, 1899)
• Diary of Sir John Moore, edited by Sir J. F. Maurice (two volumes, London, 1904)