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John Howard Northrop (July 5, 1891 – May 27, 1987) was an American biochemist who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1946 (with James Batcheller Sumner and Wendell Meredith Stanley) for purifying and crystallizing certain enzymes.
Northrop was born in Yonkers, New York and educated at Columbia University, where he earned his PhD in chemistry in 1915.
In 1929 he isolated and crystallized the gastric enzyme pepsin and determined that it was a protein and in 1938 he isolated and crystallized the first bacteriophage (a small virus that attacks bacteria), and determined that it was a nucleoprotein.
Northrop strongly believed that the flying wing was the way to higher performance and greater aerodynamic efficiency.
Northrop had resigned from Douglas on January 1, 1938, and left the business a bitter man, declaring that he was done with the aircraft industry.
Northrop finally had the financial resources and facilities to enable him to pursue his interest in research and development and more specifically, in the flying wing.
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