John Paul Harney (aka Jean-Paul Harney) (born 1931) is a professor and former Canadian politician. Harney ran as a candidate for the New Democratic Party throughout the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. In 1971 he was a candidate at that year's NDP leadership convention coming in third behind winner David Lewis and runner-up James Laxer. He won a seat in the House of Commons in the 1972 election representing Scarborough West but was defeated in the subsequent 1974 election. Born in Quebec and fluently bilingual, Harney became leader of the Quebec NDP in the 1980s but was unable to win a seat either in the federal House of Commons or in the Quebec National Assembly.