John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury (1384/90 – 17 July 1453) was an important English military commander during the Hundred Years' War. Events May / September 3 - Siege of Lisbon by the Castilian army, during the 1383-1385 Crisis Births Antoine, Duke of Brabant (died 1415) St Frances of Rome (died 1440) Khalil Sultan, ruler of Transoxiana (died 1411) Deaths January 1 - King Charles II of Navarre (b. ... Events Births December 27 - Anne de Mortimer, claimant to the English throne (died 1411) Domenico da Piacenza, Italian dancemaster (died 1470) John Dunstable, English composer (died 1453) Engelbrekt Engelbrektsson, Swedish statesman and rebel leader (died 1436) Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester (died 1447) John VIII Palaeologus Byzantine Emperor (died 1448) Deaths... July 17 is the 198th day (199th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 167 days remaining. ... Events May 29 - Fall of Constantinople to Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II the Conqueror, marking the end of the Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire). ... Royal motto (French): Dieu et mon droit (Translated: God and my right) Englands location (dark green) within the United Kingdom (light green), with the Republic of Ireland (blue) to its west Languages English Capital London Largest city London Area – Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 km² Population – Total (mid... Europe during the height of the Hundred Years War, the Kalmar union, Marinids and Hafsids in the South, and the final decay of the Byzantine Empire, 1430 A.D. The Hundred Years War is the name modern historians have given to what was a series of related conflicts, fought over...

Family

He was second son of Richard, 5th Baron Talbot, by Ankaret, heiress of the last Lord Strange of Blackmere.

Talbot was married on 12 March 1406 to Maud Nevill, daughter and heiress of Thomas Nevill, 5th Baron Furnivall (and in her right summoned to Parliament from 1409) and had three children: March 12 is the 71st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (72nd in Leap years). ... Events Construction of Forbidden City begins in Beijing. ... States currently utilizing parliamentary systems are denoted in orange and red—the former being constitutional monarchies where authority is vested in a parliament, and the latter being parliamentary republics whose parliaments are effectively supreme over a separate head of state. ... Events January 1 - The Welsh surrender Harlech Castle to the English. ...

• Lady Joan Talbot
• John Talbot, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury (c. 1413) – (d. 11 July 1460)
• Sir Christopher Talbot (d. 10 July 1460)
• Thomas Talbot (died before his father in Bordeaux)

In 1421 by the death of his niece he acquired the baronies of Talbot and Strange. John Talbot, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury and Waterford KG (c. ... Events March 21 - Battle of Beaugé. A small French force surprises and defeats an English force under Thomas, Duke of Clarence, a brother of Henry V of England, in Normandy. ...

He married, secondly, Lady Margaret Beauchamp, daughter of Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick and Elizabeth de Berkeley, on 6 September 1425 and had four children: Margaret Beauchamp (d. ... Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick (1382 – April 30, 1439) was an English nobleman and military commander. ... This article is about the day of the year. ... Events Foundation of the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium Births John II, Duke of Lorraine (died 1470) Edmund Sutton, English nobleman (died 1483) Deaths January 18 - Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March, English politician (born 1391) March 17 - Ashikaga Yoshikazu, Japanese shogun (born 1407) May 24 - Murdoch Stewart, 2nd Duke of...

• Sir Lewis Talbot
• John Talbot, 1st Viscount Lisle (c. 1426–17 July 1453)
• Sir Humphrey Talbot (before 1453–c. 1492)
• Elizabeth Talbot (before 1453). She married John de Mowbray, 4th Duke of Norfolk.

John Talbot, 1st Viscount Lisle (1423 – July 17, 1453), English nobleman and soldier, was the son of John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury and Margaret Beauchamp. ... Events March 6 - Battle of St. ... July 17 is the 198th day (199th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 167 days remaining. ... Events May 29 - Fall of Constantinople to Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II the Conqueror, marking the end of the Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire). ... Events May 29 - Fall of Constantinople to Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II the Conqueror, marking the end of the Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire). ... 1492 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Events May 29 - Fall of Constantinople to Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II the Conqueror, marking the end of the Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire). ... John Mowbray, 4th Duke of Norfolk was born in 1444 and died in 1476. ...

Early Career

From 1404 to 1413 he served with his elder brother Gilbert in the Welsh war or the rebellion of Owain Glyndŵr. Then for five years from February 1414 he was lieutenant of Ireland, where he held the honour of Wexford. He did some fighting, and had a sharp quarrel with the Earl of Ormonde. Complaints were made against him both for harsh government in Ireland and for violence in Herefordshire. From 1420 to 1424 he served in France. In 1425 he was again for a short time lieutenant in Ireland. // Events March 20 - Henry V becomes King of England Project of Annals of Joseon Dynasty began. ... Seal of Owain Glyndŵr The Banner of the Arms of Owain Glyndŵr showing his parentage Owain Glyndŵr, sometimes anglicised as Owen Glendower (1359–c. ... // Events Council of Constance begins. ... Ireland in the century prior to the Anglo-Norman invasion of 1169 is probably best described as a national kingdom lacking a settled monarchy, the kingship being disputed by three regional dynasties. ... Wexford (Irish: Loch Garman) is the county town of County Wexford in the Republic of Ireland. ... Herefordshire is a traditional and ceremonial county and unitary district in the West Midlands region of England in the United Kingdom. ... Events May 21 - Treaty of Troyes. ... Events August 17 - Battle of Verneuil - An English force under John, Duke of Bedford defeats a larger French army under the Duke of Alençon, John Stuart, and Earl Archibald of Douglas. ... Events Foundation of the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium Births John II, Duke of Lorraine (died 1470) Edmund Sutton, English nobleman (died 1483) Deaths January 18 - Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March, English politician (born 1391) March 17 - Ashikaga Yoshikazu, Japanese shogun (born 1407) May 24 - Murdoch Stewart, 2nd Duke of...

Service in France

So far his career was that of a turbulent lord of the Marches, employed in posts where a rough hand was useful. In 1427 he went again to France, where he fought with distinction in Maine and at the battle of Orléans. He fought at the battle of Patay where he was captured and held prisoner for 4 years. Events Lincoln College, a constituent college of the University of Oxford, is founded. ... Maine is one of the traditional provinces of France. ... The Siege of Orléans was the first French victory of Joan of Arc during the Hundred Years War and a turning point in that war between France and England. ... Combatants Kingdom of France Kingdom of England Commanders La Hire Poton de Xaintrailles Sir John Fastolf Strength 1,500 cavalry 5,000 Casualties About 100 2,500 dead, wounded, or captured The Battle of Patay (18 June 1429) was a major battle in the Hundred Years War between the French...

He was released in exchange for the French leader Poton de Xaintrailles. Talbot was a daring and aggressive soldier, perhaps the most audacious Captain of the Age. He and his forces acted as a kind of fire brigade ever ready to retake a town and to meet a French advance. His trademark was rapid aggressive attacks. He won 40 battles and skirmishes in his efforts to sustain the English cause in France. Talbot's exploits were numerous. In January 1436 he led a small force including Kyriell and routed La Hire and Xaintrailles at Ry near Rouen. The following year at Crotoy, after a daring passage of the Somme, he put a numerous Burgundian force to flight. In December 1439, following a surprise flank attack on their camp, he dispersed the 6000 strong army of the Constable Richemont, and the following year he retook Harfleur. In 1441 he pursued the French army 4 times over the Seine and Oise rivers in an unavailing attempt to bring it to battle. Poton de Xaintrailles (1390-1461) was one of the chief lieutenants of Joan of Arc. ...

The English Achilles

Talbot's reputation was high in France, where he was regarded with awe, being described as the "English Achilles" by French Chroniclers. The biographer of the Constable Richemont said that: "The English and their captains, above all Talbot had a well established reputation for superiority. Richemont knew them better than anyone".

He was appointed in 1445 by Henry VI of England (as King of France) as Constable of France. Taken hostage at Rouen in 1449 he promised never to wear armour against the French king again, and he was true to his word. He was defeated and killed in 1453 at the battle of Castillon near Bordeaux, which effectively ended English rule in the duchy of Gascony, a principal cause of the Hundred Years' War.

The victorious French generals raised a monument to Talbot on the field called Notre Dame de Talbot. And the French Chroniclers paid him handsome tribute:

"Such was the end of this famous and renowned English leader who for so long had been one of the most formidable thorns in the side of the French, who regarded him with terror and dismay" - Matthew d'Escourcy

Although Talbot is generally remembered as a great soldier, some have raised doubts as to his generalship. In particular, charges of rashness have been raised against him. Speed and aggression are key elements in granting success in war, and Talbot's numerical inferiority necessitated surprise. Furthermore, he was often in the position of trying to force battle on unwilling opponents. At his defeat at Patay in 1429 he was advised not to fight there by Sir John Falstaff, who was subsequently blamed for the debacle, but the French, inspired by Joan, showed unprecedented fighting spirit - usually they approached an English position with great circumspection. The charge of rashness is perhaps more justifiable at Castillion where Talbot, misled by false reports of a French retreat, attacked their entrenched camp frontally - facing wheel to wheel artillery and a 6 to 1 inferiority in numbers.

He is portrayed heroically in William Shakespeare's Henry VI, Part I: "Valiant Lord Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury, Created, for his rare success in arms" Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... King Henry VI Part 1 is one of the history plays of William Shakespeare. ...

In Ireland, the position of Lord High Steward was sometimes known as the Hereditary Great Seneschal. ... John Talbot, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury and Waterford KG (c. ... The Earl of Shrewsbury is the senior Earl on the Roll in the Peerage of England (the more senior Earldom of Arundel being held by the Duke of Norfolk). ... John Talbot, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury and Waterford KG (c. ... The Earl of Shrewsbury is the senior Earl on the Roll in the Peerage of England (the more senior Earldom of Arundel being held by the Duke of Norfolk). ...

Reference

• This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.