John William Draper (5 May 1811, St Helens, Merseyside – 4 January 1882, Hastings, New York) was a U.S. (English-born) chemist, botanist, historian and photographer. He served as the first president of American Chemical Society between 1876 and 1877.^[1] In 2001 Draper was designated a ACS National Historical Chemical Landmark in recognition of his role as the first president of American Chemical Society.[1] May 5 is the 125th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (126th in leap years). ... 1811 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... St Helens is a town in the metropolitan county of Merseyside in North-West England, and within the historic borders of Lancashire. ... January 4 is the 4th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1882 (MDCCCLXXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar. ... Hastings is a town located in Oswego County, New York. ... Official language(s) None Capital Albany Largest city New York City Area  Ranked 27th  - Total 54,520 sq mi (141,205 km²)  - Width 285 miles (455 km)  - Length 330 miles (530 km)  - % water 13. ... Motto: (Out Of Many, One) (traditional) In God We Trust (1956 to date) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington D.C. Largest city New York City None at federal level (English de facto) Government Federal constitutional republic  - President George Walker Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence from... Motto: (French for God and my right) Anthem: God Save the King/Queen Capital London Largest city London Official language(s) English (de facto) Unification    - by Athelstan AD 927  Area    - Total 130,395 km² (1st in UK)   50,346 sq mi  Population    - 2005 est. ... A chemist pours from a Florence flask. ... Botany is the scientific study of plant life. ... A historian is someone who writes history, and history is a written accounting of the past. ... This is a list of notable photographers in the art, documentary and fashion traditions. ... The American Chemical Society (ACS) is a learned society (professional association) based in the United States that supports scientific inquiry in the field of chemistry. ... 1876 (MDCCCLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... 1877 (MDCCCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The ACS National Historic Chemical Landmarks Program was launched by the American Chemical Society in 1992 and has recognized over 50 landmarks to date. ... The American Chemical Society (ACS) is a learned society (professional association) based in the United States that supports scientific inquiry in the field of chemistry. ...

He was the father of Henry Draper. Henry Draper (March 7, 1837 – November 20, 1882) was an American doctor and astronomer. ...

He studied at Woodhouse Grove, at what would become part of the University of London, and, after removing to America in 1832, at the medical school of the University of Pennsylvania from 1835 to 1836. In 1837 he continued his studies at New York University where he was a member of the Eucleian Society. He was elected professor of chemistry at New York University, and was a professor in its school of medicine from 1840 to 1850, president of that school from 1850 to 1873, and professor of chemistry until 1881. He was a founder of the New York Medical School. Woodhouse Grove School is an independent school in Apperley Bridge, Bradford. ... The University of London is a university based primarily in London. ... Motto: (Out Of Many, One) (traditional) In God We Trust (1956 to date) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington D.C. Largest city New York City None at federal level (English de facto) Government Federal constitutional republic  - President George Walker Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence from... 1832 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The University of Pennsylvania (or Penn[3][4]) is a private, nonsectarian research university located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. ... | Come and take it, slogan of the Texas Revolution 1835 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... October 2, Charles Darwin returns from his voyage around the world. ... Queen Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1837 - 1901) 1837 (MDCCCXXXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... New York University (NYU) is a major research university in New York City. ... The Eucleian Society is a Student Society based at New York University that began in 1832. ... New York University (NYU) is a major research university in New York City. ... 1840 is a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1850 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1850 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1873 (MDCCCLXXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1881 (MDCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...

He did important research in photochemistry, made portrait photography possible by his improvements (1839) on Daguerre's process, and published a textbook on Chemistry (1846), textbook on Natural Philosophy (1847), textbook on Physiology (1866), and Scientific Memoirs (1878) on radiant energy. He was also the first person to take an astrophotograph; he took the first photo of the Moon which showed any lunar features in 1840. Then in 1843 he made daguerreotypes which showed new features on the moon in the visible spectrum. In 1850 he was making photo-micrographs and engaged his then teenage son, Henry, into their production. Photochemistry is the study of the interaction of light and chemicals. ... 1839 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... L’Atelier de lartiste. ... 1846 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1847 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1866 (MDCCCLXVI) is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... 1878 (MDCCCLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Astrophotography is a specialised type of photography that entails making photographs of astronomical objects in the night sky such as planets, stars, and deep sky objects such as star clusters and galaxies. ... Adjective lunar Bulk silicate composition (estimated wt%) SiO2 44. ... 1840 is a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1843 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1850 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

He developed the proposition in 1842 that only light rays that are absorbed can produce chemical change. It came to be known as the Grotthuss-Draper law when his name was teamed with a prior but apparently unknown promulgator Theodor Grotthuss of the same idea in 1817. The Grotthuss-Draper law (also called Principle of Photochemical Activation) states that only that light which is absorbed by a system can bring about a photochemical change. ... Theodor von Grotthuss Theodor von Grotthuss (1785-1822) was the originator of the first law of photochemistry in 1817, but is likely best known for his formulation of the first theory of electrolysis in 1806 [1]. This publication of Grotthuss theory of electrolysis is often credited for the first description...

Contributions to the discipline of history: He is well known also as the author of The History of the Intellectual Development of Europe (1862), applying the methods of physical science to history, a History of the American Civil War (3 vols., 1867-1870), and a History of the Conflict between Religion and Science (1874). The last book listed is among the most influential works on the conflict thesis, which takes its name from Draper's title. 1862 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1867 (MDCCCLXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1870 (MDCCCLXX) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... 1874 (MDCCCLXXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Galileo before the Holy Office by Joseph-Nicolas Robert-Fleury, a classic depiction of science clashing with religion The conflict thesis, also known as the warfare thesis, the warfare model or the Draper-White thesis, is an interpretive model of the relationship between religion and science. ...

References and external links

1. ^ ACS Presidents, accessed October 22, 2006

• Works by John William Draper at Project Gutenberg
• Renaissance man at the ACS National Historical Chemical Landmarks [2]