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Encyclopedia > John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley

John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley (1826-1902), English statesman, was born on 7 January 1826, being the eldest son of the Hon. Henry Wodehouse and grandson of the 2nd Baron Wodehouse (the barony dating from 1797), whom he succeeded in 1846. The oldest surviving photograph, Nicéphore Niépce, circa 1826 1826 (MDCCCXXVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... 1902 (MCMII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... is the 7th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

The Earl of Kimberley in the House of Lords, by Carlo Pellegrini, 1869.
The Earl of Kimberley in the House of Lords, by Carlo Pellegrini, 1869.

Contents

Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... This article is about the British House of Lords. ... Carlo Pellegrini (1838‑1889) was a caricaturist, born in Capua; came to London and worked for Vanity Fair. ... 1869 (MDCCCLXIX) is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ...

Early life and education

Born in Wymondham, Norfolk in 1826, he was educated at Eton College and Christ Church, Oxford, where he took a first-class degree in classics in 1847; in the same year he married Lady Florence Fitzgibbon (d. 1895), daughter of the last Earl of Clare. The Kings College of Our Lady of Eton beside Windsor, commonly known as Eton College or just Eton, is a public school (privately funded and independent) for boys, founded in 1440 by King Henry VI. It is located in Eton, near Windsor in England, north of Windsor Castle, and... College name Christ Church Named after Jesus Christ Established 1546 Sister College Trinity College Dean The Very Revd Christopher Andrew Lewis JCR President William Dorsey Undergraduates 426 MCR or GCR President {{{MCR President}}} Graduates 154 Home page Boat Club Christ Church (Latin: Ædes Christi, the temple or house of Christ...


Early Career (1852-70)

He was by inheritance a Liberal in politics, and in 1852-1856 and 1859-1861 he was Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs in Lord Aberdeen's and Lord Palmerston's ministries. This is a list of Under-Secretaries of State for Foreign Affairs in the British Foreign Office since 1782. ... The Right Honourable George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen, PC (January 28, 1784–December 14, 1860) was a Tory/Peelite politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1852 until 1855. ... The Right Honourable Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (October 20, 1784 - October 18, 1865) was a British statesman who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid 19th century. ...


In the interval (1856-1858) he had been envoy-extraordinary to Russia; and in 1863 he was sent on a special mission to Copenhagen on the forlorn hope of finding a peaceful solution of the Schleswig-Holstein question. The mission was a failure, but probably nothing else was possible. For other uses, see Copenhagen (disambiguation). ... Schleswig-Holstein is the northernmost of the 16 Bundesländer in Germany. ...


In 1864 he became Under-Secretary of State for India, but towards the end of the year was made Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. In that capacity he had to grapple with the first manifestations of Fenianism, and in recognition of his vigour and success he was created (1866) Earl of Kimberley. In July 1866 he vacated his office with the fall of Lord Russell's ministry, but in 1868 he became Lord Privy Seal in Gladstone's cabinet, and in July 1870 was transferred from that post to be Secretary of State for the Colonies. Parliamentary Under-Secretaries of State for India, 1858-1937, for India and Burma, 1937-1948 to be added Permanent Under-Secretaries of State for India, 1858-1937, for India and Burma, 1937-1948 1858: Sir George Russell Clerk 1860: Herman Merivale 1874: Sir Louis Mallet 1883: (Sir) Arthur Godley 1909... Official standard of the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland The Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (plural: Lords Lieutenant), also known as the Judiciar in the early mediaeval period and as the Lord Deputy as late as the 17th century, was the Kings representative and head of the Irish executive during the... Fenian is a term used since the 1850s for Irish nationalists (who oppose British rule in Ireland). ... John Russell, 1st Earl Russell, KG, GCMG, PC (18 August 1792 – 28 May 1878), known as Lord John Russell before 1861, was an English Whig and Liberal politician who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century. ... The Lord Privy Seal or Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal is one of the traditional sinecure offices in the British Cabinet. ... William Ewart Gladstone (29 December 1809 – 19 May 1898) was a British Liberal Party statesman and Prime Minister (1868–1874, 1880–1885, 1886 and 1892–1894). ... The Secretary of State for the Colonies or Colonial Secretary was the British Cabinet official in charge of managing the various British colonies. ...


It was the moment of the great diamond discoveries in South Africa, and the new town of Kimberley, Northern Cape was named after the Colonial Secretary of the day. Kimberley is a town in South Africa, and the capital of the Northern Cape. ...


Later Career (1871-1902)

After an interval of opposition from 1874 to 1880, Lord Kimberley returned to the Colonial Office in Gladstone's next ministry; but at the end of 1882 he exchanged this office first for that of Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster and then for the secretaryship of state for India, a post he retained during the remainder of Gladstone's tenure of power (1882-1885, 1886, 1892-1894), though in 1892-1894 he combined with it that of the lord presidency of the council. The Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster is, in modern times, a sinecure office in the British government. ... The office of Secretary of State for India or India Secretary was created in 1858 when India was brought under direct British rule (British Raj). ... The Office of Lord President of the Council is a British cabinet position, the holder of which acts as presiding officer of the Privy Council. ...


In Lord Rosebery's cabinet (1894-1895) he was Foreign Secretary. During this time he signed the landmark Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation. Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery (May 7, 1847 - May 21, 1929) was a British Liberal statesman and Prime Minister. ... The position of Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs was created in the United Kingdoms governmental reorganization of 1782, in which the Northern and Southern Departments became the Home and Foreign Offices. ... The Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (Nichi-Ei Tsuushou Koukai Jouyaku) signed between Britain and Japan on July 16, 1894 was a major landmark treaty which heralded the end of the system of extraterritoriality in Japan exactly five years later. ...


Assessment

Lord Kimberley was an admirable departmental chief, but it is difficult to associate his own personality with any ministerial act during his occupation of all these posts. He was at the colonial office when responsible government was granted to Cape Colony, when British Columbia was added to the Dominion of Canada, and during the Boer War of 1880-1881, with its conclusion at Majuba; and he was foreign secretary when the misunderstanding arose with Germany over the proposed lease of territory from the Congo Free State for the Cape to Cairo route. He was essentially a loyal Gladstonian party man. His moderation, common sense, and patriotism had their influence, nevertheless, on his colleagues. As leader of the Liberal party in the House of Lords he acted with undeviating dignity; and in opposition he was a courteous antagonist and a critic of weight and experience. He took considerable interest in education, and after being for many years a member of the senate of the University of London, he became its chancellor in 1899. He died in London on April 8, 1902. Anthem: God Save the Queen Cape Colony Capital Cape Town Language(s) English and Dutch1 Religion Dutch Reformed Church, Anglican Government Constitutional monarchy Last Monarch King George VI Last Prime Minister  - 1908 – 1910 John X. Merriman Last Governor  - 1901 - 1910 Walter Hely-Hutchinson Historical era 19th century  - Dutch East India... Motto: Splendor Sine Occasu (Latin: Splendour Without Sunset (diminishment)) Capital Victoria Largest city Vancouver Official languages English Government - Lieutenant-Governor Iona Campagnolo - Premier Gordon Campbell (BC Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 36 - Senate seats 6 Confederation July 20, 1871 (6th province) Area  Ranked 5th - Total 944,735... Canada is the second largest and the northern-most country in the world, occupying most of the North American land mass. ... The First Boer War (Dutch: Eerste Boerenoorlog, Afrikaans: Eerste Vryheidsoorlog, literally First Freedom War) also known as the First Anglo-Boer War or the Transvaal War, it was fought from 16 December 1880 until 23 March 1881. ... The skirmish at Majuba Hill (near Volksrust, South Africa) on 27 February 1881 was a convincing victory for the Boers. ... Flag Capital Boma Government Monarchy Ruler and owner Leopold II of Belgium Historical era New Imperialism  - Established 1885  - Annexation by Belgium 15 November, 1908 The Congo Free State was a corporate state privately owned by King Leopold II of Belgium (not in his role as monarch) that included the entire... This article is about the British House of Lords. ... The University of London is a university based primarily in London. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... April 8 is the 98th day of the year (99th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1902 (MCMII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...


References

  • This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
Political offices
Preceded by
Lord Stanley
Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
1852–1856
Succeeded by
Earl of Shelburne
Preceded by
William Vesey Fitzgerald
Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
1859–1861
Succeeded by
Austen Henry Layard
Preceded by
Thomas Baring
Under-Secretary of State for India
1864
Succeeded by
The Lord Dufferin
Preceded by
The Earl of Carlisle
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
1864–1866
Succeeded by
The Marquess of Abercorn
Preceded by
The Earl of Malmesbury
Lord Privy Seal
1868–1870
Succeeded by
The Viscount Halifax
Preceded by
The Earl Granville
Colonial Secretary
1870–1874
Succeeded by
The Earl of Carnarvon
Preceded by
Sir Michael Hicks-Beach
Colonial Secretary
1880–1882
Succeeded by
The Earl of Derby
Preceded by
John Bright
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
1882
Succeeded by
John George Dodson
Preceded by
Marquess of Hartington
Secretary of State for India
1882–1885
Succeeded by
The Lord Randolph Churchill
Preceded by
The Lord Randolph Churchill
Secretary of State for India
1886
Succeeded by
The Viscount Cross
Preceded by
The Viscount Cross
Secretary of State for India
1892–1894
Succeeded by
Henry Hartley Fowler
Preceded by
The Viscount Cranbrook
Lord President of the Council
1892–1894
Succeeded by
The Earl of Rosebery
Preceded by
The Earl of Rosebery
Foreign Secretary
1894–1895
Succeeded by
The Marquess of Salisbury
Academic offices
Preceded by
Baron Herschell
Chancellor of the University of London
189–1902
Succeeded by
Earl of Rosebery
Peerage of the United Kingdom
Preceded by
(new creation)
Earl of Kimberley
1866–1902
Succeeded by
John Wodehouse
Preceded by
John Wodehouse
Baron Wodehouse
1846–1902

  Results from FactBites:
 
KIMBERLEY - LoveToKnow Article on KIMBERLEY (1189 words)
Kimberley was founded in 1870 by diggers who discovered diamonds on the farms of Du Toits Pan and Bultfontein.
The Colesberg Kopje mine was in July 1873 renamed Kimberley in honor of the then secretary of state for the colonies, the ist earl of Kimberley, by whose direction the mines werein 1871taken under the protection of Great Britain.
Kimberley was also chosen as the name of the town into which the mining camps developed.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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