John Dudley

John Dudley (1501 – August 22/23, 1553) was a Tudor nobleman and politician, executed for high treason by Queen Mary I of England. Image File history File links John_Dudley. ... Image File history File links John_Dudley. ... 1501 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... // Events June 26 - Christs Hospital in London gets a Royal Charter July 6 - Edward VI of England dies July 10 - Lady Jane Grey is proclaimed Queen of England - for the next nine days July 18 - Lord Mayor of London proclaims Queen Mary as the rightful Queen - Lady Jane Grey... The Tudor dynasty or House of Tudor (Welsh: Tudur) was a series of five monarchs of Welsh origin who ruled England and Ireland from 1485 until 1603. ... Queen Mary I of England (18 February 1516 – 17 November 1558), also known as Mary Tudor, was Queen of England and Queen of Ireland from 6 July 1553 (de facto) or 19 July 1553 (de jure) until her death. ...

Life

Descent and family

His grandfather was a Knight of the Garter and Steward to King Henry V; his mother was Elizabeth, suo jure Baroness Lisle, great-great-great-granddaughter of Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick. John was the eldest of Edmund Dudley’s sons. Jerome, Oliver, William, and Andrew Dudley were his brothers. A garter is one of the Orders most recognisable insignia. ... Henry V of England (16 September 1387 – 31 August 1422) was one of the great warrior kings of the Middle Ages. ... Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick (1382 – April 30, 1439) was an English nobleman and military commander. ... Edmund Dudley (a. ...

Early life

When Edmund Dudley was executed, Sir Edward Guilford—a partner in many of Edmund's ‘profitable outrages’—acquired the ward-ship of John Dudley when the boy was nine (and apparently also of one of his brothers, possibly Andrew, who was later made Admiral of the North Sea), who were then taken into the home of Sir Richard Guilford. Within two years, in 1512, he was able to persuade King Henry VIII to repeal Edmund's attainder. In order to prosper under his new-found liberty, as a young man Dudley married Edward's daughter Jane Guilford in 1520 and took part as Guilford's lieutenant in the campaign of 1523 in France under the king’s brother-in-law, Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, and won a knighthood on the field for gallantry after his valour at the crossing of the Somme. He was soon to gain prominence in the mock warfare of the royal court and as a protégé of Thomas Cardinal Wolsey, and so joined the group whose task it was to amuse the king. He went to France with Wolsey in 1527, and again with Wolsey and the king in 1532. Edmund Dudley (a. ... Sir Edward Guilford (alternative spelling Guildford) (born about 1474 Offington, Sussex, England; d. ... 1512 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Silver groat of Henry VIII, minted c. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... mary elline m. ... Events April - Battle of Villalar - Forces loyal to Emperor Charles V defeat the Comuneros, a league of urban bourgeois rebelling against Charles in Spain. ... Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk (c. ... A statue of an armoured knight of the Middle Ages For the chess piece, see knight (chess). ... Courage is the ability to confront fear in the face of pain, danger, uncertainty or intimidation. ... Somme is a French département, named after the Somme River, located in the north of France. ... A tournament is a competition involving a relatively large number of competitors, all participating in a single sport or game. ... Cardinal Thomas Wolsey (c. ... January 5 - Felix Manz, co-founder of the Swiss Anabaptists, was drowned in the Limmat in Zürich by the Zürich Reformed state church. ... Events May 16 - Sir Thomas More resigns as Lord Chancellor of England. ...

It is at about the time of the birth of his fifth son, Lord Robert, in 1532/1533 that Sir John Dudley was appointed Master of the Armoury in the Tower of London. To it he brought the reputation of being the ablest commander both by land and sea that had then been of service to the Tudors. This helped rehabilitate the name of Dudley. At the coronation of Anne Boleyn in 1533 he was invited to be a cup-bearer, and he would lead the procession at the christening of the Princess Elizabeth. Events May 16 - Sir Thomas More resigns as Lord Chancellor of England. ... Events January 25 - King Henry VIII of England marries Anne Boleyn, his second Queen consort. ... Her Majestys Royal Palace and Fortress The Tower of London, more commonly known as the Tower of London, is a historic monument in central London on the north bank of the River Thames. ... A portrait of Anne Boleyn painted some years after her death. ... Elizabeth I (7 September 1533 – 24 March 1603) was Queen of England, Queen of France (in name only), and Queen of Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death. ...

Inheritance from Edward Guilford

Edward then died in 1534. As he was without a will and without male issue, the Guilford estate was to be the cause of a dispute between Dudley (claiming through Jane Guilford, Edward's daughter and only child, whom he had married in 1520) and Guilford's nephew. Dudley claimed the manor of Halden, and other lands in Kent and Sussex, despite John Guilford's assertion that his uncle had intended him to inherit. Five years later Dudley sold the manor with others to Thomas Cromwell, whose protégé he became after Wolsey's fall - both he and Wolsey recognised his extraordinary abilities. 1534 (MDXXXIV) was a common year in the 16th century. ... Intestacy refers to the body of common law that determines who is entitled to the property of a dead person in the absence of a last will and testament or other binding declaration. ... mary elline m. ... Son of George Guilford of Hemsted by Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Robert Mortimer of Mortimers Hall, Essex. ... This article is about the county in England. ... Sussex is a historic county in South East England corresponding roughly in area to the ancient Kingdom of Sussex. ... Thomas Cromwell: detail from a portrait by Hans Holbein, 1532-3 Thomas Cromwell, 1st Earl of Essex ( 1485 - July 28, 1540) was an English statesman, one of the most important political figures of the reign of Henry VIII of England. ...

Under Henry VIII

From 1536 he appears to have encountered some difficulties that led him to part with much of his inheritance in favour of the Midlands estate of his cousin, John Sutton, 3rd Lord Dudley; he exchanged his reversionary interest in the lands left to him by his mother to Sir Richard for life. He then made extensive purchases, especially in Staffordshire and the Welsh marches. In addition, he was given several manors by the King, including the extensive estates of Halesowen Abbey on the Dissolution of the Monasteries, so that his land base shifted to the central and west Midlands. He was elected sheriff of Staffordshire in 1536 after helping to put down the northern rebellion. In 1537 Dudley was sent on a mission to Spain and also began the connection with the Admiralty which, with his military commands from 1542, was to bring him to the fore during the closing years of Henry's reign. In January 1542 he resumed his seat in the Commons as one of the knights for Staffordshire, and upon his stepfather's death was created Viscount Lisle (derived from his mother) and made Lord Admiral for life, entering the Lords the following day to sit in regular attendance for the rest of the session. Year 1536 was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. ... In general, the midlands of a territory are its central regions. ... John Sutton, 3rd Lord Dudley - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... In theory, a conversion is an agreement such that one party takes ownership of a piece of property from another under the understanding that the ownership will revert to the second party when an agreed event occurs. ... A life estate, at common law is an estate in real property that ends at death. ... Staffordshire (abbreviated Staffs) is a landlocked county in the West Midlands region of England. ... This article is about the country. ... Mark or march (or various plural forms of these words) are derived from the Frankish word marka (boundary) and refer to an area along a border, e. ... Halesowen Abbey was an abbey in Halesowen, England of which only ruins remain. ... The Dissolution of the Monasteries, referred to by Roman Catholic writers as the Suppression of the Monasteries, was the formal process during the English Reformation by which King Henry VIII confiscated the property of the monastic institutions in England between 1538 and 1541. ... Look up Sheriff in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Staffordshire (abbreviated Staffs) is a landlocked county in the West Midlands region of England. ... The Pilgrimage of Grace was a rising by Roman Catholics in Northern England in 1536, in protest at Englands break with Rome and the Dissolution of the Monasteries, as well as other specific political, social and economic grievances. ... Events January 6 - Alessandro de Medici assassinated August 25 - The Honourable Artillery Company, the oldest surviving regiment in the British Army, and the second most senior, was formed. ... Events War resumes between Francis I of France and Emperor Charles V. This time Henry VIII of England is allied to the Emperor, while James V of Scotland and Sultan Suleiman I are allied to the French. ... In England and Wales, a common is a piece of land over which other people -- often neighbouring landowners -- could exercise one of a number of traditional rights, such as allowing their cattle to graze upon it. ... Staffordshire (abbreviated Staffs) is a landlocked county in the West Midlands region of England. ... The titles of Baron and Viscount Lisle were created several times in the Peerage of England during the middle ages and Tudor period. ... Old Admiralty House, Whitehall, London, Thomas Ripley, architect, 1723-26, was not admired by his contemporaries and earned him some scathing couplets from Alexander Pope The Admiralty was historically the authority in the United Kingdom responsible for the command of the Royal Navy. ...

Exercising his new prerogative, Dudley dispatched the French from the English Channel and stormed Boulogne-sur-Mer, for which he was to become a Knight of the Garter and was on the April 23, 1543, admitted as a member of the Privy Council. As Lord Admiral he directed the naval operations of the next two years and his presence at the third session of that Parliament was respectively shortened. To his other duties there was added in late 1544 the governorship of Boulogne. Also in 1544 he accompanied his future rival, Edward Seymour, Earl of Hertford to the capture and burning of Edinburgh. A large English force, supported by a naval fleet, under Hertford's command, invaded the east coast of Scotland, sacking Leith and Dunbar and capturing Edinburgh. Satellite view of the English Channel The English Channel (French: La Manche (IPA: ), the sleeve) is the part of the Atlantic Ocean that separates the island of Great Britain from northern France and joins the North Sea to the Atlantic. ... Boulogne-sur-Mer is a city and commune in northern France, in the Pas-de-Calais département of which it is a sous-préfecture. ... A garter is one of the Orders most recognisable insignia. ... April 23 is the 113th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (114th in leap years). ... // Events February 21 - Battle of Wayna Daga - A combined army of Ethiopian and Portuguese troops defeat the armies of Adal led by Ahmed Gragn. ... Her Majestys Most Honourable Privy Council is a body of advisors to the British Sovereign. ... Events April 11 - Battle of Ceresole - French forces under the Comte dEnghien defeat Imperial forces under the Marques Del Vasto near Turin. ... Edward Seymour Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset (c. ... Edinburgh (pronounced ; Scottish Gaelic: ) is the capital of Scotland and its second-largest city. ... Motto: (Latin) No one provokes me with impunity1 Anthem: Multiple unofficial anthems Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow Official language(s) English, Gaelic, Scots2 Government  - Queen Queen Elizabeth II  - UK Prime Minister Tony Blair MP  - First Minister Jack McConnell MSP Unification    - by Kenneth I 843  Area    - Total 78,772 km... Formerly a municipal burgh,[1] Leith is a town at the mouth of the Water of Leith and is the port of Edinburgh, Scotland. ... This article is about Dunbar in Scotland. ... Edinburgh (pronounced ; Scottish Gaelic: ) is the capital of Scotland and its second-largest city. ...

After attending the first session of the Parliament of 1545 Dudley was to direct the operations of the fleet in the Battle of the Solent which frustrated the French attack on Portsmouth and the Isle of Wight. He went with the embassy to Paris to ratify and conclude the peace in 1546. On his return Dudley was absent from Council meetings on the grounds of ill-health, although the imperial ambassador ascribed his retirement to a difference of opinion with Bishop Stephen Gardiner, whom he had assaulted in the Council. He returned before the King died, and was in attendance at the final session of Parliament. By 1547, the year of the King’s death, he was Lieutenant General of all His Majesty's armed forces. Events February 27 - Battle of Ancrum Moor - Scots victory over superior English forces December 13 - Official opening of the Council of Trent (closed 1563) Battle of Kawagoe - between two branches of Uesugi families and the late Hojo clan in Japan. ... Combatants France England Commanders Admiral Claude dAnnebault Admiral John Dudley, Viscount Lisle Strength 30,000 soldiers in more than 200 ships 12,000 soldiers in 80 ships The naval Battle of the Solent took place on 18 and 19 July 1545 during the Italian Wars, fought between the fleets... For other places with the same name, see Portsmouth (disambiguation). ... The Isle of Wight is an English island and county, off the southern English coast, to the south of the county of Hampshire. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Paris Eiffel tower as seen from the esplanade du Trocadéro. ... // Events Spanish conquest of Yucatan Peace between England and France Foundation of Trinity College, Cambridge by Henry VIII of England Katharina von Bora flees to Magdeburg Science Architecture Michelangelo Buonarroti is made chief architect of St. ... Stephen Gardiner (c. ... Year 1547 was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. ...

Under Edward VI

Henry had appointed sixteen regents to govern the kingdom during his son's minority, John Dudley being amongst them, but Edward's uncle the Duke of Somerset had disregarded this fact and elected himself sole Protector just before the coronation. That year Dudley sought and was duly granted the right to bear the arms of the Earls of Warwick, with the distinctive badge of the Bear and the Ragged Staff. Regent, from the Latin, a person selected to administer a state because the ruler is a minor or is not present or debilitated. ... Edward VI (12 October 1537 – 6 July 1553) became King of England, King of France (in practice only the town and surrounding district of Calais) and Ireland on 28 January 1547, and crowned on 20 February, at just nine years of age. ... Edward Seymour Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset (c. ... Lord Protector is a particular English title for Heads of State, with two meanings (and full styles) at different periods of history. ... The Earl of Warwick is one of the oldest English earldoms. ...

By the end of 1549 most of the King’s Council (including Thomas Cranmer, Arundel, Paulet, and William Cecil) was united behind Dudley, a man with the ambition, will and determination to lead the Council in ousting Somerset. Dudley took the initiative in this, leading the Palace rebellion against Somerset in 1549, Somerset's subsequent imprisonment and eventual execution in 1552, and in the light of these facts history has been unforgiving. An oil painting of Thomas Cranmer by Gerlach Flicke (1545) - National Portrait Gallery, London Thomas Cranmer (July 2, 1489 – March 21, 1556) was the Archbishop of Canterbury during the reigns of the English kings Henry VIII and Edward VI. He is credited with writing and compiling the first two Books... This article is about the town in England. ... Sources Siebert L, Simkin T (2002-). Volcanoes of the World: an Illustrated Catalog of Holocene Volcanoes and their Eruptions. ... William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley (13 September 1521–4 August 1598), was an English politician, the chief advisor of Queen Elizabeth I for most of her reign. ... Events July - Ketts Rebellion Francis Xavier arrives in Japan. ... Events April - War between Henry II of France and Emperor Charles V. Henry invades Lorraine and captures Toul, Metz, and Verdun. ...

Also in 1549 Dudley achieved his great political victory over the Norfolk rebels in their efforts to remove the enclosure system. He was popularised, not only for his skill and courage, but for his mercy towards the prisoners. When his small troop was faced with destruction and outnumbered, he drew his sword, kissed the blade and spoke of death before dishonour. When the conflict was over, he responded to his officers' protests for revenge with: "Is there no place for pardon?" He asked "What shall we then do? Shall we hold the plough ourselves, play the carters and labour the ground with our own hands?" Events July - Ketts Rebellion Francis Xavier arrives in Japan. ... Norfolk (pronounced IPA: ) is a low-lying county in East Anglia in the east of southern England. ... Ketts Oak Ketts Rebellion was a revolt in July 1549 instigated by Robert Kett of Wymondham. ... For other uses of the term see Enclosure (disambiguation) Enclosure (also inclosure) is the process of conversion of common land to private ownership. ...

It has also been noted that during this period there were considerably fewer executions on the grounds of religious intolerance and for a while England became a refuge for the persecuted from many lands.

One of Dudley's first actions after Somerset's fall was to end the wars with France and Scotland that Somerset had initiated . He surrendered the besieged town of Boulogne-sur-Mer (weakening the English position in France and perhaps leading to Mary I's loss of Calais) and withdrew the English garrisons from Scotland. Boulogne-sur-Mer is a city and commune in northern France, in the Pas-de-Calais département of which it is a sous-préfecture. ... Calais is a town in northern France, located at 50°57N 1°52E. It is in the département of Pas-de-Calais, of which it is a sous-préfecture. ... For people named Garrison, see Garrison (disambiguation) Garrison House, built by William Damm in 1675 at Dover, New Hampshire Garrison (from the French garnison, itself from the verb garnir, to equip) is the collective term for the body of troops stationed in a particular location, originally to guard it, but...

Unlike Somerset, whom he had outmanoeuvered, Dudley did not take the title of Lord Protector, and encouraged Edward VI to proclaim his majority and formally become king. Nonetheless, Northumberland effectively ruled the country by holding two offices: Lord President of the Council and Great Steward of the King's Household. Dudley obtained such an influence over Edward that the King was ready to make it appear that Dudley's ideas were actually his own. Whether or not it was justified, Dudley acquired a bad reputation, becoming known as a "tyrant", sometimes referred to as the merciless "bear of Warwick". The Office of Lord President of the Council is a British cabinet position, the holder of which acts as presiding officer of the Privy Council. ... Lord Steward or Lord Steward of the Household, in England, is an important official of the Royal Household. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Dudley was given the title of Duke of Northumberland in 1551. Northumberland is a county in northern England. ... Year 1551 was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. ...

Lady Jane Grey, and execution

When Edward was dying, he and Dudley concocted a document which barred both Elizabeth and Mary (the remaining children of King Henry VIII of England) from the throne, in favour of Lady Jane Grey (who married Dudley's youngest son, Guilford Dudley). Elizabeth I (7 September 1533 – 24 March 1603) was Queen of England, Queen of France (in name only), and Queen of Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death. ... Silver groat of Henry VIII, minted c. ... Lady Jane Grey (1537 – February 12, 1554), a great-grand-daughter of Henry VII of England, reigned as uncrowned queen regnant of the Kingdom of England for nine days in 1553. ... Guilford Dudley (1536 - 12 February 1554) was a son of John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland, and Jane Guilford; and the younger brother of Robert Dudley, the future earl of Leicester. ...

Dudley was forced to surrender to Mary I. He was arrested and executed for high treason in 1553. All his sons were imprisoned with him but only Guilford was executed. Queen Mary I of England (18 February 1516 – 17 November 1558), also known as Mary Tudor, was Queen of England and Queen of Ireland from 6 July 1553 (de facto) or 19 July 1553 (de jure) until her death. ... // Events June 26 - Christs Hospital in London gets a Royal Charter July 6 - Edward VI of England dies July 10 - Lady Jane Grey is proclaimed Queen of England - for the next nine days July 18 - Lord Mayor of London proclaims Queen Mary as the rightful Queen - Lady Jane Grey...

Marriage and issue

By Jane Guilford,

• sons, in order
  • John
  • Ambrose
  • Henry Dudley
  • Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, born 1532/1533, became powerful during the reign of Elizabeth I.
  • Guilford Dudley
• daughters, including
  • Mary, his most noted daughter - married Henry Sidney; their children included the soldier and poet, Sir Philip Sidney, and Mary Sidney, the first recognised woman poet in English.