Split image of JET with right side showing hot plasma during a shot. JET, the Joint European Torus is the largest nuclear fusion experimental reactor yet built. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1000x579, 150 KB)An image of the inside of the JET tokamak with image on right showing plasma during a shot. ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1000x579, 150 KB)An image of the inside of the JET tokamak with image on right showing plasma during a shot. ...
Europe is conventionally considered one of the seven continents of Earth which, in this case, is more a cultural and political distinction than a physiographic one. ...
In nuclear physics a torus is a large fusion reactor which is shaped like an elliptical or circular torus. ...
The deuterium-tritium (D-T) fusion reaction is considered the most promising for producing fusion power. ...
Situated on an old Navy airfield near Culham, Oxfordshire, in the UK, construction was started in 1978 and the first experiments began in 1983. The Royal Navy of the United Kingdom is the senior service of the British armed services, being the oldest of its three branches. ...
Culham is a village on the north bank of the River Thames near Abingdon in southern Oxfordshire. ...
Oxfordshire (abbreviated Oxon, from the Latinised form Oxonia) is a county in south-east England, bordering on Northamptonshire, Buckinghamshire, Berkshire, Wiltshire, Gloucestershire, and Warwickshire. ...
1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1978 calendar). ...
1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
JET is equipped with remote handling facilities to cope with the radioactivity produced by Deuterium-Tritium (D-T) fuel, which is the fuel proposed for the first generation of fusion power plants. Pending construction of ITER, JET remains the only large fusion reactor with facilities dedicated to handling the radioactivity released from D-T fusion, although the technical capability to use D-T fuel is exhibted in many reactors. The power production record breaking runs from JET and TFTR used 50-50 D-T fuel mixes. Deuterium, also called heavy hydrogen, is a stable isotope of hydrogen with a natural abundance of one atom in 6500 of hydrogen. ...
Tritium (symbol T or 3H) is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen. ...
Cutaway of the ITER Tokamak Torus in casing. ...
A jet is a stream of fluid produced by discharge through an orifice into free space. ...
The Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) was an experimental fusion test reactor built at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (in Princeton, New Jersey) circa 1980. ...
During a full D-T experimental campaign in 1997 JET achieved a world record peak fusion power of 16 MW which equates to a measured Q of approximately 0.7 (Q is the ratio of fusion power to input power, a self-sustaining nuclear fusion reaction would need a value of Q that is greater than 1). As of 1999, a higher Q of 1.25 is claimed for the JT-60 tokamak, however this was not achieved under real D-T conditions but estimated from experiments performed with a pure Deuterium (D-D) plasma. Similar extrapolations have not been made for JET, however it is likely that increases in Q over the 1997 measurements could now be achieved if permission to run another full D-T campaign was granted. Work has now begun on ITER to further develop fusion power. 1997 (MCMXCVII in Roman) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The megawatt (symbol: MW) is a unit for measuring power corresponding to one million (106) watts. ...
The fusion energy gain factor, usually expressed with the symbol Q, is the ratio of fusion power produced in a nuclear fusion reactor to the power required to maintain the plasma in steady state. ...
The fusion energy gain factor, usually expressed with the symbol Q, is the ratio of fusion power produced in a nuclear fusion reactor to the power required to maintain the plasma in steady state. ...
1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ...
JT-60 (JT stands for Japan Torus) is the flagship of Japans magnetic fusion program, run by the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI), Naka Fusion Research Establishment, in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. ...
1997 (MCMXCVII in Roman) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Cutaway of the ITER Tokamak Torus in casing. ...
Current status
In December 1999 JET came to an end of its international contract. The United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA) took over the safety and operation of the JET facilities on behalf of its European partners. The experimental programme is as of 2000 being co-ordinated by the European Fusion Development Agreement (EFDA) Close Support Unit. 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ...
The United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA) was established in 1954 as a statutory corporation to oversee and pioneer the development of nuclear energy within the United Kingdom. ...
This article is in need of attention. ...
JET operated throughout 2003 culminating in experiments using small amounts of tritium. For most of 2004 it was shut down (Update September/October 2005, JET machine now being recommissioned ready for re-start during October 2005) for a series of major upgrades increasing total available heating power to over 40 MW, enabling further studies relevant to the development of ITER to be undertaken. In the future it is possible that JET-EP (Enhanced Performance) will further increase the record for fusion power. 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Tritium (symbol T or 3H) is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen. ...
It has been designated the: International Year of Rice (by the United Nations) International Year to Commemorate the Struggle against Slavery and its Abolition (by UNESCO) 2004 World Health Day topic was Road Safety (by World Health Organization) Year of the Monkey (by the Chinese calendar) See the world in...
Cutaway of the ITER Tokamak Torus in casing. ...
The Sun is a natural fusion reactor. ...
| Fusion power | | Atomic nucleus | Nuclear fusion | Nuclear power | Nuclear reactor | Plasma physics | Magnetohydrodynamics | Fusion energy gain factor | Lawson criterion | Timeline of nuclear fusion | Future energy development | | Types of fusion | | | | Fusion reactors | | ITER (International) The Sun is a natural fusion reactor. ...
A stylized Bohr model-like representation of a lithium atom. ...
The deuterium-tritium (D-T) fusion reaction is considered the most promising for producing fusion power. ...
A nuclear power station. ...
Core of a nuclear reactor A nuclear power station. ...
A Plasma lamp In physics and chemistry, a plasma is an ionized gas, and is usually considered to be a distinct phase of matter. ...
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) (magnetofluiddynamics or hydromagnetics), is the academic discipline which studies the dynamics of electrically conducting fluids. ...
The fusion energy gain factor, usually expressed with the symbol Q, is the ratio of fusion power produced in a nuclear fusion reactor to the power required to maintain the plasma in steady state. ...
In nuclear fusion research, the Lawson criterion, first derived by John D. Lawson in 1957, is an important general measure of a system that defines the conditions needed for a fusion reactor to reach ignition, that is, that the heating of the plasma by the products of the fusion reactions...
Timeline of significant events in the study and use of nuclear fusion: 1929 - Atkinson and Houtermans used the measured masses of light elements and applied Einsteins discovery that E=mc² to predict that large amounts of energy could be released by fusing small nuclei together. ...
// Energy development is the ongoing effort to provide abundant and accessible energy, through knowledge, skills and constructions. ...
The magnetic fusion energy (MFE) program seeks to establish the conditions to sustain a nuclear fusion reaction in a plasma that is contained by magnetic fields to allow the successful production of fusion power. ...
A split image of the largest tokamak in the world, the JET, showing hot plasma in the right image during a shot. ...
A stellarator is a device used to confine a hot plasma with magnetic fields in order to sustain a controlled nuclear fusion reaction. ...
Reversed-Field Pinch is a toroidal magnetic confinement scheme. ...
A Field-Reversed Configuration (FRC) is a device developed for magnetic fusion energy research that confines a plasma on closed magnetic field lines without a central penetration. ...
A Levitated Dipole is a unique form of fusion reactor technology using a solid superconducting torus, magnetically levitated in the reactor chamber. ...
Inertial confinement fusion using lasers rapidly progressed in the late 1970s and early 1980s from being able to deliver only a few joules of laser energy (per pulse) to a fusion target to being able to deliver tens of kilojoules to a target. ...
Lasers range in size from microscopic diode lasers (top) with numerous applications, to football field sized neodymium glass lasers (bottom) used for inertial confinement fusion, nuclear weapons research and other physics experiments. ...
The Z machine at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, New Mexico. ...
Charles Bennett examines three cold fusion test cells at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA Cold fusion is a nuclear fusion reaction which its proponents claim occurs well below the temperature required for thermonuclear reactions (millions of degrees Celsius) in a relatively small table top apparatus. ...
Bubble fusion or sonofusion is the common name for a nuclear fusion reaction hypothesized to occur during sonoluminescence, an extreme form of acoustic cavitation; officially, this reaction is termed acoustic inertial confinement fusion (AICF) since the inertia of the collapsing bubble wall confines the energy causing a rise in temperature. ...
Muon-catalyzed fusion is a process allowing nuclear fusion to take place at room temperature. ...
Pyroelectric fusion is a process of nuclear fusion induced by an electric field from pyroelectric crystals. ...
Inertial electrostatic confinement (often abbreviated as IEC) of a plasma can be achieved with electrostatic fields which accelerate charged particles (either ions or electrons) directly, in a confined space. ...
US3386883 - fusor â June 4, 1968 This article refers to the physical machinery, for the astronomical term see Fusor (astronomy). ...
Experiments directed toward developing fusion power are invariably done with dedicated machines which can be classified according to the principles they use to confine the plasma fuel and keep it hot. ...
Cutaway of the ITER Tokamak Torus in casing. ...
JET (European) | JT-60 (Japan) | Large Helical Device (Japan) | EAST (China) | T-15 (Russia) | DIII-D (USA) | TFTR (USA) | NSTX (USA) | NCSX (USA) | Alcator C-Mod (USA) | LDX (USA) | Shiva laser (USA) | PACER (USA) | NIF (USA) | Z machine (USA) | H-1NF (Australia) | MAST (UK) | START (UK) | DEMO (Commercial) JT-60 (JT stands for Japan Torus) is the flagship of Japans magnetic fusion program, run by the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI), Naka Fusion Research Establishment, in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. ...
Categories: Stub | Nuclear technology ...
To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
The T-15 is a Russian nuclear fusion research reactor, based on the (Russian-invented) tokamak design. ...
DIII-D or D3-D is the name of a tokamak machine developed in the 1980s by General Atomics in San Diego, USA, as part of the ongoing effort to achieve magnetically confined fusion. ...
The Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) was an experimental fusion test reactor built at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (in Princeton, New Jersey) circa 1980. ...
The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) is an innovative magnetic fusion device that was constructed by the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) in collaboration with the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Columbia University, and the University of Washington at Seattle. ...
The National Compact Stellarator Experiment (NCSX) is a plasma confinement experiment being conducted at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory. ...
Alcator C-Mod is a tokamak, a magnetic confined nuclear fusion device, at the MIT Plasma Science and Fusion center. ...
The Levitated Dipole Experiment (LDX) is a project devoted to researching a type of nuclear fusion which utilizes a floating superconducting torus to provide an axisymmetric magnetic field which is used to contain plasma. ...
The Shiva laser was an extremely powerful 20 beam infrared neodymium glass (silica glass) laser built at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in 1977 for the study of inertial confinement fusion and long-scale-length laser-plasma interactions. ...
Pacer could refer to: A type of British train, see Pacer (train). ...
A construction worker inside NIFs 10 meter target chamber. ...
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The H-1 flexible Heliac is a three field-period helical axis stellarator located in the Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering at the Australian National University. ...
The MAST experiment is a nuclear fusion experiment in operation at Culham since 1999. ...
A Plasma held in the START Tokamak START, or Small Tight Aspect Ratio Tokamak was a nuclear fusion experiment that used magnetic confinement to hold plasma. ...
The word demo may refer to one of the following. ...
| External links - EFDA-JET web site
- Culham Science Centre Fusion web site
- The UKAEA
- IAEA's information about JET
Sources - Fusion reactors explained by HowStuffWorks
- T. Fujita, et al., "High performance experiments in JT-60U reversed shear discharges", Nuclear Fusion, Vol 39, Page 1627 (1999)
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