Jorge Amado
Jorge Amado
Born:	August 10, 1912 Itabuna, Bahia
Died:	August 6, 2001 Salvador
Occupation:	Novelist
Nationality:	Brazilian
Writing period:	1931-1995
Debut works:	O País do Carnaval

Jorge Amado de Faria (August 10, 1912 – August 6, 2001) was a Brazilian writer of the Modernist school. He was the best-known of modern Brazilian writers, his work having been translated into some 30 languages and popularized in film, notably Dona Flor and her Two Husbands (Dona Flor e Seus Dois Maridos) in 1978. His work dealt largely with the poor urban black and mulatto communities of Bahia. Image File history File links Jorge_Amado. ... Flag of Bahia See other Brazilian States Capital Salvador Largest City Salvador Area 564 273 km² Population   - Total   - Density 13 070 250 23. ... Salvador (meaning saviour in Spanish and Portuguese) can be: the Central American nation of El Salvador. ... Employment is a contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. ... In English usage, nationality is the legal relationship between a person and a country. ... O País do Carnaval is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... August 10 is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... August 6 is the 218th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (219th in leap years), with 147 days remaining. ... 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The term writer can apply to anyone who creates a written work, but the word more usually designates those who write creatively or professionally, or those who have written in many different forms. ... Modernism is a trend of thought that affirms the power of human beings to make, improve, deconstruct and reshape their built and designed environment, with the aid of scientific knowledge, technology and practical experimentation, thus in its essence both progressive and optimistic. ... Dona Flor e Seus Dois Maridos (Dona Flor and Her Two Husbands) is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... Flag of Bahia See other Brazilian States Capital Salvador Largest City Salvador Area 564 273 km² Population   - Total   - Density 13 070 250 23. ...

Biography

Amado was born in a fazenda ("farm") in the inland of the city of Itabuna, in the southern part of the Brazilian state of Bahia, son of João Amado de Faria and D. Eulália Leal. The farm Amado was born in was precisely located on the village of Ferradas, which though today a district of Itabuna, at the time was administered by the town of Ilheus. That is why he considered himself a citizen of Ilheus. In the large cocoa plantation, Amado knew the misery and the struggles of the people working the earth, living in almost slave conditions, which were to be a theme always present in his later works (for example, the notable Terras do Sem Fim of 1944). Fazenda is a parish in the district of Lajes das Flores, in the Azores. ... Itabuna is a city in Bahia, Brazil. ... Terras do Sem Fim (The Violent Land; 1943) is a Brazilian Modernist novel written by Jorge Amado. ... See also: 1943 in literature, other events of 1944, 1945 in literature, list of years in literature. ...

When he was only one year old the family moved to Ilhéus, a coastal city, where he spent his childhood. He attended high school in Salvador, the capital of the state. During that period Amado began to collaborate with several magazines and took part in literary life, as one of the founders of the Modernist "Rebels' Academy". Ilhéus is a major city located in the south region of Bahia, Brazil. ... This article is about the Brazilian city. ...

Amado published his first novel, O País do Carnaval, in 1931, at age 18. Later he married Matilde Garcia Rosa and had a daughter, Lila, in 1933. The same year he published his second novel, Cacau, which increased his popularity. Amado's leftist activities made his life difficult under the dictatorial regime of Getulio Vargas: in 1935 he was arrested for the first time, and two years later his books were publicly burned. His works were banned from Portugal, but in the rest of Europe he gained great popularity with the publication of Jubiabá in France. The book had enthusiastic reviews, including that of Nobel Prize Award winner Albert Camus. O País do Carnaval is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... 1931 (MCMXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link is to a full 1931 calendar). ... Year 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... Cacau (Cacao) is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... Getúlio Dornelles Vargas (April 19, 1883 - August 24, 1954) was the president of Brazil from 1930 to 1945 and from 1950 to his suicide in 1954. ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jubiabá is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... Nobel Prize medal. ... Albert Camus (pronounced ) (November 7, 1913 – January 4, 1960) was an Algerian-French author and philosopher. ...

Being a communist militant, from 1941 to 1942 Amado was compelled to go into exile to Argentina and Uruguay. When he returned to Brazil he separated from Matilde Garcia Rosa. In 1945 he was elected to the National Constituent Assembly, as a representative of the Brazilian Communist Party (PCB) (he received more votes than any other candidate in the state of São Paulo). He signed a law granting freedom of religious faith. The same year he remarried, this time to the writer Zélia Gattai. Communism is an ideology that seeks to establish a classless, stateless social organization based on common ownership of the means of production. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film). ... Year 1942 (MCMXLII) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1942 calendar). ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1945 calendar). ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Brazilian Communist Party (1992). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Zélia Gattai (born July 2, 1916) is a Brazilian photographer, memoirist, novelist and author of childrens literature, as well as a member of the Brazilian Academy of Letters. ...

In 1947 he had a son, João Jorge. The same year his party was declared illegal, and its members arrested and persecuted. Amado chose exile once again, this time in France, where he remained until he was expelled in 1950. His first daughter, Lila, had died in 1949. From 1950 to 1952 Amado lived in Czechoslovakia, where another daughter, Paloma, was born. He also travelled to the Soviet Union, winning the Lenin Peace Prize in 1951. Year 1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1947 calendar). ... 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Year 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1949 calendar). ... 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1952 (MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... The International Stalin Prize or the International Stalin Prize for Strengthening Peace Among Peoples (renamed Russian: , the International Lenin Prize for Strengthening Peace Among Peoples as a result of destalinization) was the Soviet Unions equivalent to the Nobel Peace Prize. ... 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar. ...

Amado's caricature.

On his return to Brazil in 1955, Amado abandoned active political life, leaving the Communist Party one year later: from that period on he dedicated himself solely to literature. His second creative phase began in 1958 with Gabriela, Cravo e Canela, which was described by Jean-Paul Sartre as "the best example of a folk novel": Amado abandoned, in part, the realism and the social themes of his early works, producing a series of novels focusing mainly on feminine characters, devoted to a kind of smiling celebration of the traditions and the beauties of Bahia. His depiction of the sexual customs of his land was much to the scandal of the 1950s Brazilian society: for several years Amado could not even enter Ilhéus, where the novel was set, due to threats received for the alleged offense to the morality of the city's women. Image File history File links Jorge_Amado_caricatura. ... Image File history File links Jorge_Amado_caricatura. ... 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... ). Categories: Stub ... Gabriela, Cravo e Canela (Gabriela, Clove and Cinnamon) is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... Jean-Paul Charles Aymard Sartre (June 21, 1905 – April 15, 1980), normally known simply as Jean-Paul Sartre (pronounced: ), was a French existentialist philosopher, dramatist and screenwriter, novelist and critic. ... // Recovering from World War II and its aftermath, the economic miracle emerged in West Germany and Italy. ... Ilhéus is a major city located in the south region of Bahia, Brazil. ...

On April 6, 1961 he was elected to the Brazilian Academy of Literature. He received the title of Doctor honoris causa from several Universities in Brazil, Portugal, Italy, Israel and France, as well as other honors in almost every South American country, including Obá de Xangô (santoon) of the Candomblé, the traditional Afro-Brazilian religion of Bahia. April 6 is the 96th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (97th in leap years). ... 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1961 calendar). ... Academia Brasileira de Letras, or Brazilian Academy of Letters is a Brazilian literary society established at the end of the 19th century by a group of writers and was inspired by the Académie française. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... Ilê Axé Iya Nassô Oká - Terreiro da Casa Branca Candomblé is an African religion practiced chiefly in Brazil but also in adjacent countries. ...

Amado's popularity as a writer never decreased. His books were translated into 49 languages in 55 countries, were adapted into films, theatrical works, and TV programs. They even inspired some samba schools of the Brazilian Carnival. Samba is one of the most popular forms of music in Brazil. ... Mangueira samba school parades in Rio de Janeiro The Brazilian Carnival (Portuguese: ) is an annual celebration in Brazil held forty days before Easter and marking the start of Lent. ...

In 1987, the House of Jorge Amado Foundation was created, in Salvador. It promotes the protection of Amado's estate and the development of culture in Bahia. 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Flag of Bahia See other Brazilian States Capital Salvador Largest City Salvador Area 564 273 km² Population   - Total   - Density 13 070 250 23. ...

Amado died on August 6, 2001. His ashes were buried in the garden of his house four days later. August 6 is the 218th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (219th in leap years), with 147 days remaining. ... 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Works

• O País do Carnaval (1931)
• Cacau (Cacao, 1933)
• Suor (1934)
• Jubiabá (1935)
• Mar Morto (Sea of Death, 1936)
• Capitães da Areia (Captains of the Sand, 1937)
• Terras do Sem Fim (The Violent Land, 1943)
• São Jorge dos Ilhéus (1944)
• Seara Vermelha (1946)
• Os Subterrâneos da Liberdade (1954)
• Gabriela, Cravo e Canela (Gabriela, Clove and Cinnamon, 1958)
• A Morte e a Morte de Quincas Berro Dágua (The Two Deaths of Quincas Wateryell, 1959)
• Os Pastores da Noite (Shepherds of the Night, 1964)
• Dona Flor e Seus Dois Maridos (Dona Flor and Her Two Husbands, 1966)
• Tenda dos Milagres (Tent of Miracles, 1969)
• Teresa Batista Cansada da Guerra (Tereza Batista: Home from the Wars, 1972)
• Tieta do Agreste (Tieta, the Goat Girl, 1977)
• Farda Fardão Camisola de Dormir (1979)
• Tocaia Grande (Showdown, 1984)
• O Sumiço da Santa (The War of the Saints, 1988)
• A Descoberta da América pelos Turcos (How the Turks Discovered America, 1994)
• Navegação de cabotagem (1992)
• O Compadre de Ogum (1995)

O País do Carnaval is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... See also: 1930 in literature, other events of 1931, 1932 in literature, list of years in literature. ... Cacau (Cacao) is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... See also: 1932 in literature, other events of 1933, 1934 in literature, list of years in literature. ... Suor is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... See also: 1933 in literature, other events of 1934, 1935 in literature, list of years in literature. ... Jubiabá is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... See also: 1934 in literature, other events of 1935, 1936 in literature, list of years in literature. ... Mar Morto (Sea of Death) is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... See also: 1935 in literature, other events of 1936, 1937 in literature, list of years in literature. ... Capitães da Areia (Captains of the Sand) is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... See also: 1936 in literature, other events of 1937, 1938 in literature, list of years in literature. ... Terras do Sem Fim (The Violent Land; 1943) is a Brazilian Modernist novel written by Jorge Amado. ... See also: 1942 in literature, other events of 1943, 1944 in literature, list of years in literature. ... São Jorge dos Ilhéus is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... See also: 1943 in literature, other events of 1944, 1945 in literature, list of years in literature. ... Seara Vermelha is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... See also: 1945 in literature, other events of 1946, 1947 in literature, list of years in literature. ... Os Subterrâneos da Liberdade is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... See also: 1953 in literature, other events of 1954, 1955 in literature, list of years in literature. ... Gabriela, Cravo e Canela (Gabriela, Clove and Cinnamon) is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... ). Categories: Stub ... The Two Deaths of Quincas Wateryell (A Morte e a Morte de Quincas Berro Dágua) is a 1959 Brazilian Modernist novel by Jorge Amado in 1959. ... See also: 1958 in literature, other events of 1959, 1960 in literature, list of years in literature. ... See also: 1963 in literature, other events of 1964, 1965 in literature, list of years in literature. ... Dona Flor e Seus Dois Maridos (Dona Flor and Her Two Husbands) is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... See also: 1965 in literature, other events of 1966, 1967 in literature, list of years in literature. ... Tenda dos Milagres (Tent of Miracles) is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... See also: 1968 in literature, other events of 1969, 1970 in literature, list of years in literature. ... Teresa Batista Cansada da Guerra (Tereza Batista: Home from the Wars) is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... See also: 1971 in literature, other events of 1972, 1973 in literature, list of years in literature. ... Tieta do Agreste is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... See also: 1976 in literature, other events of 1977, 1978 in literature, list of years in literature. ... Farda Fardão Camisola de Dormir is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... See also: 1978 in literature, other events of 1979, 1980 in literature, list of years in literature. ... Tocaia Grande is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... See also: 1983 in literature, other events of 1984, 1985 in literature, list of years in literature. ... O Sumiço da Santa (The War of the Saints) is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... See also: 1987 in literature, other events of 1988, 1989 in literature, list of years in literature. ... A Descoberta da América pelos Turcos (How the Turks Discovered America) is a Brazilian Modernist novel. ... See also: 1993 in literature, other events of 1994, 1995 in literature, list of years in literature. ... See also: 1991 in literature, other events of 1992, 1993 in literature, list of years in literature. ... Jorge Amado de Faria (August 10, 1912 – August 6, 2001) was a Brazilian writer of the Modernist school. ... See also: 1994 in literature, other events of 1995, 1996 in literature, list of years in literature. ...

External links

• (Portuguese) Jorge Amado's Biography
• (English) Jorge Amado's Biography